21st Century Instructional Guide for Career Technical Education Dental Terminology Health Sciences Education Cluster Title: Dental Terminology (WVEIS 0748) Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.1 Dental Terminology Students will effectively communicate, both orally and in writing, using dental terminology, understanding prefixes, roots, and suffixes appropriately. How would you evaluate the accuracy of a new dental term? Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.1.1 Students will determine the steps in analyzing the definition of dental acronyms. HSE.O.DT.1.2 pronounce commonly used dental terms. HSE.O.DT.1.3 spell and pronounce commonly used dental root words, prefixes, and suffixes. Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: analyzing definitions prefix root word suffix meaning pluralize utilize See chapter 1, Dental Terminology, Charline M. Dofka. commonly used dental terms abbreviations homonyms pronunciation by syllables commonly used root words alveolar apical axis buccal cheilo coronal dens distal 1 enamel fluoride frenum gingiva glossa incisor labial mandible maxilla mesial mucosa occlude orthos stoma temporal prefixes a,an ab ad ante anti bi dys di endo ex or ex/o homo hypo hyper inter intra infra mal para 2 HSE.O.DT.1.4 recognize commonly used acronyms and abbreviations. peri poly pro retro sub super supra trans tri suffixes ac,ic,ar al algia ia ectomy graph, graphy gram itis ist lar necrosis oid ologist ology oma otomy osis ous sion plasty trophy common acronyms and abbreviations AIDS ALARA 3 Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.2 Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.2.1 ANUG CDA DDS/DMD DHMO/DMO EFDA FFD HIV HVE NIOSH OSAP OSHA PPE RDH ZOE Odontology and Anatomical Landmarks Students will apply knowledge and skills to communicate effectively using terminology associated with odontology and anatomical landmarks. How does the use of terminology inhibit understanding in the communication process? Students will articulate the major bones of the face and skull. Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: bones of the cranium temporal parietal frontal occipital ethmoid sphenoid bones of the face zygomatic maxillary palatine nasal lacrimal inferior conchae 4 HSE.O.DT.2.2 HSE.O.DT.2.3 HSE.O.DT.2.4 mandible vomer miscellaneous bones of skull auditory ossicles malleus incus stapes hyoid articulate the major muscles of mastication and muscles of mastication illustrate positioning. temporal masseter internal pterygoid external pterygoid orbicularis oris buccinator mentalis determine the location and function of the salivary glands salivary glands. parotid submandibular sublingual locate and pronounce oral cavity landmarks. oral cavity labia o superior oris o inferium oris o commissure o vermillion o philtrum frenum o labial o lingual o buccal tongue o circumvallate o filliform o fungiform 5 HSE.O.DT.2.5 articulate dentitions and related terms. HSE.O.DT.2.6 examine tissues and membranes that make up the periodontium. o foliate palate o hard palate o incisive papilla o palatine raphe miscellaneous oral cavity structures o uvula o soft palate o vestibule o fauces glossophalatine pharyngopalatine dentitions deciduous/primary permanent/adult mixed/transitional tissues of the periodontium periodontal alveolar gingiva periodontal membranes o Sharpey’s gingival o interdental/transeptal o alveolar o gomphosis alveolar bone o cortical plate o cribriform plate o laina dura gingival o gingival crest o sulcus o free ginigaval groove o interdental papilla o mucogingival 6 HSE.O.DT.2.7 examine tooth surfaces and characteristic landmarks. Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.3 Infection Control Students will understand and use terminology associated with infection control to communicate effectively. What judgments can be made concerning the connection between the mode of transmission and the sources of common disease conditions? Students will Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: examine signs, symptoms, and sources related signs and symptoms to common disease conditions. inflammation temperature nausea diaharrea sources bacteria Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.DT.O.3.1 tooth surfaces facial lingual mesial distal incisal occlusal apical landmarks cingulum ridge fissure fossa pit sulcus groove cusp lobe furrow eminence furcation mamelon 7 HSE.DT.O.3.2 determine transmission and prevention of pathogenic agents. o aerobic o facultative aerobes o obligate/strict aerobes o anaerobic o facultative anaerobes o obligate/strict anaerobes o flagella o spore virus richettsiae fungus protozoa saprophytes nematodes commensal transmission of pathogens droplet indirect contact parenteral carrier vector-borne food, soil, water prevention immunity o natural immunity o natural acquired immunity o artificial acquired immunity o passive acquired immunity o passive natural immunity o immunocompromised inoculation asepsis sanitation disinfection 8 o disinfectant o antiseptic o bacteriostatic o germicide o sterilization sanitation o PPE o barrier techniques o SOP o universal precautions o proper disposal techniques o sharps disposal o biohazard container o hazardous waste container o MSDS papers government agencies SDPA – State Dental Practice Act OSHA – Occupational Safey and Health Administration CDCP – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention EPA – Environmental Protection Agency HSE.DT.O.3.3 distinguish government agencies concerned with the control of disease. Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.4 Chair Side Assisting Students will understand and use terminology associated with clinical chair side assisting to communicate effectively. Discuss the preparation needed for a pediatric patient that has never been to the dentist? Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.4.1 Students will research terminology related to diseases associated with teeth, tissues, and structures of the head. Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: diseases of teeth dental caries periapical abscess miscellaneous maladies o fistula o cellulites o abrasion o attrition 9 HSE.O.DT.4.2 articulate commonly used dental terms related to chair side procedures. o erosion o ankylosis o avulsion o bruxism o malocclusion diseases of the tissue gingivitis periodontitis periodontosis periodontal abscess pericoronitis cellulites ANUG lesion aphthous ulcer leukoplakia Herpes cheilosis glossitis epulis fibroma granuloma sarcoma carcinoma AIDS diseases of head structures trismus dysphagia sialoadenitis tic douloureux temporomandibular joint various chair side procedures preparation anesthesia isolation 10 dental dam preparation cement, liners, base materials restorative finishing restorative materials amalgam cement composite gold foil veneer preparation terms identification of caries anesthesia remove caries prepare for material restore to normal function isolation terms cotton rolls absorbent pads dental dam o ligature o invert o stabilization HSE.O.DT.4.3 differentiate between types and properties of dental restorative materials. HSE.O.DT.4.4 relate and pronounce terms related to the preparation and isolation of the operative area. Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.5 Radiography Students will define and pronounce dental terms associated with radiography to communicate effectively. Discuss ways in which panoramic radiography can be used to enhance dental care. Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.5.1 Students will articulate terms connected with the production and properties of roentgen rays. Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: production of roentgen ray xray tube cathode filament anode 11 HSE.O.DT.5.2 demonstrate acceptable methods for radiation protection. HSE.O.DT.5.3 determine types of radiographs and qualities necessary for diagnosis. focal spot collimator aperture filter o inherent filtration o added filtration o total filtration properties of roentgen ray sensitivity cumulative effect mutation effect radiation protection ALARA maximum permissible dose roentgen rad rem erythema dosimeter lead apron/thyrocervial collar lead barriers, shields phantom types of radiographs periapical bitewing occlusal extraaoral cephalometric cephalostat panoramic intensifying screen qualities needed for diagnosis contrast density 12 detail definition radiolucent radiopaque steps to process radiographs developing fixing rinsing drying documenting filing radiographic errors and causes foreshortening – excessive vertical angulation elongation – insufficient vertical angulation overlapping – improper horizontal angulation cone cutting – improper placement of cental beam reticulation – temperature differences between solutions fog – old film, old solutions, faulty safelight, scattered radiation, improper storage of film herringbone effect – film placed backward in mouth HSE.O.DT.5.4 implement steps to process dental radiographs. HSE.O.DT.5.5 assess common radiographic errors and the causes of each. Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.6 Dental Laboratory Students will understand and use terminology related to dental laboratory materials and procedures to communicate effectively. Why is it important for the dental assistant to understand the properties of all dental laboratory materials? Students will Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: determine materials used in the dental materials in dental laboratory laboratory and give examples of their uses. impression materials – take and record shape, size or position of teeth, appliances, and oral anatomy o rigid o plastic Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.6.1 13 o elastic o elastomeric gypsum – variety of uses o model o dental stone o improved/die stone o casting investment wax – variety of uses o inlay o baseplate o casting o boxing o utility o sticky polymer – denture bases, denture liner, teeth, custom trays, orthodontic appliances, mouth guards, bleaching trays, veneers, pit and fissure sealants, tooth restorations o filler o initiator o activator o inhibitor o plasticizer o composite o self-curing resins precious and base metals – inlays, crowns, bridges, partials, dentures o gold alloy o base alloy abrasive and polishing – smoothing and polishing o aluminum oxide o carborundum o chalk o chromium oxide o cuttle 14 HSE.O.DT.6.2 relate characteristics of descriptive or manipulative dental materials. o diamond o emery o garnet o pumice o quartz o rouge o tin oxide o tripoli o zirconium silicate cement – lute dental castings o zinc phosphate o zinc oxide eugenol o ZOE and EBA o polycarboxylate o silicophosphate o resin o glass ionomer characteristics of dental materials bonding coefficient of thermal expansion color creep cure process ductility elasticity malleability exothermic flow galvanization hardness hydrophilic hydrophobia initial set imbibition hygroscopic 15 setting time tensile strength thermal conductivity toughness fixed prosthodontic appliances inlay onlay crown o full o jacket o dowel o three-quarter o porcelain-fused to metal o veneer direct indirect fixed bridge Maryland bridge cantilever bridge removable appliances complete denture partial denture immediate denture overdenture HSE.O.DT.6.3 demonstrate the major fixed and removable prosthodontic appliances. Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.7 Pharmacology and Emergency Care Students will understand and use terminology related to pharmacology and emergency care in a dental office to communicate effectively. Create a scenario in which the dental patient experiences anaphylactic shock. Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.7.1 Students will examine regulatory bodies concerned with the control of medications/drugs. Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: regulatory bodies Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1906) Harrison Narcotic Act Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) Durham-Humphrey Law 16 HSE.O.DT.7.2 determine effects that drugs impose on the body. HSE.O.DT.7.3 examine parts of a prescription and explain routes of drug administration. Drug Amendments Drug Abuse Control Amendments Controlled Substance Act effects adverse effect addiction allergy anaphylaxis antagonism dependence drug interaction idiosyncrasy intolerance overdose secondary effect synergism teratongenic parts of a prescription heading body closing superscription inscription subscription transcription/signature routes of drug administration oral/PO intravenous/IV intramuscular/IM subcutaneous/SC,SQ intradermal/ID inhalation/IH rectal/SUPPOS intrathecal/IT 17 HSE.O.DT.7.4 distinguish the classification of drugs commonly used in dentistry. HSE.O.DT.7.5 research equipment and materials needed in prevention and treatment of emergencies. HSE.O.DT.7.6 articulate terms related to CPR and other common medical emergencies. intraperitoneal topical sublingual,buccal transdermal patch drug implant classifications analgesic anesthetic antianxiety anti-infective cardiovascular allergy equipment and materials needed for emergencies emergency call list oxygen source oxygen regulator oxygen flowmeter oxygen mask demand-valve resuscitator AMBU bag emergency tray CPR terms abdominal thrust asphyxiation chest thrusts cricothyrotomy gastric distension Heimlich maneuver hypoxia stoma tracheotomy airway compression finger sweep 18 sternum xiphoid process other common medical emergencies classifications of shock o anaphylactic o cardiogenic o hemorrhage o metabolic o neurogenic o postural o psychogenic o respiratory o septic allergies o itching o erythema o edema o vesicle o urticaria asthma o extrinsic o intrinsic o status asthmaticus diabetes mellitus o diabetic coma o glucose o hyperglycemia o hypoglycemia o insulin o insulin shock o juvenile diabetes o ketone epilepsy o petit mal o grand mal o aura 19 HSE.O.DT.7.7 examine common emergencies occurring in a dental office. o clonic o partial epilepsy o status epilepticus o tonic hyperventilation heart conditions o epicardium o myocardium o endocardium atrium ventricle valve atrioventricular semilunar valves aorta murmur arteriosclerosis atherosclerosis angina pectoris myocardial infraction nitroglycerin stroke o embolism o hemorrhage o infarction o thrombosis o hemiplegia o transient ischemic attack o aneurysm dental emergencies dental emergencies alveolitis avulsed epistaxis hemorrhage o astringent 20 Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.8 Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.8.1 o coagulant o hemostatic trismus postural hypotension sequestra syncope Business Office Procedures Students will understand and use terminology associated with business office procedures. What information would be needed to determine how much of a selected dental material is used during a three month period.? Students will Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: demonstrate oral and written communications oral communication related to office procedures. incoming calls o appointment o personal o inquiry o emergency outgoing calls o confirmations o ordering o inquiry answering machine answering service conference call written communication first class mail second class mail third class mail fourth class mail certified mail COD mail express mail insured mail registered mail special delivery 21 HSE.O.DT.8.2 compare types of appointments and correlated scheduling terms. HSE.O.DT.8.3 examine dental insurance terms and discuss types of dental insurance plans. special handling electronic mail incoming mail o invoice o statement o miscellaneous o packages o personal o payment outgoing mail types of appointments dovetail scheduling o appointment card o appointment entry o call list o daily schedule o matrix o unit recall restorative surgical emergency prosthetic cosmetic radiographic preventive consultation insurance terms approved services assignment of benefits authorization to release information beneficiary benefit birthday rule calendar year 22 HSE.O.DT.8.4 examine common banking terms and discuss types of financial disbursements used in a dental office. carrier certificate of eligibility claim coordination of benefits copayment customary fee deductible dependent exclusion fiscal year group policy insured maximum benefits preauthorization premium procedural code provider reasonable fee release of information statement schedule of benefits subscriber superbill third party UCR usual fee types of dental insurance plans prepaid capitation Government Insurance Programs banking terms account bookkeeping charge slip collection 23 HSE.O.DT.8.5 select terms related to purchasing and inventory of supplies. HSE.O.DT.8.6 relate legal and ethical terms and definitions used in a dental business office. day sheet ledger card pegboard bookkeeping statement financial disbursements deposit slip endorsement petty cash reconciliation purchasing and inventory back order capital supply expendable supply invoice nonexpendable supply purchase order reorder point lead time inventory shelf life legal and ethical terms abandonment abuse breach of confidentiality confidentiality consent contract defamation defendant deposition ethics felony fraud incompetent 24 Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.9 Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.9.1 HSE.O.DT.9.2 HSE.O.DT.9.3 judgment liability licensure litigation malpractice negligence plaintiff res ipsa loguitor Technology Students will: understand the use of computer technology within the dental health care system. demonstrate skills and knowledge of computer technology as appropriate to dental healthcare applications. How has the application of information technology impacted healthcare careers? Students will implement the use of dental software programs. utilize software, hardware, and the internet to practice and master standards. utilize the internet as a resource/research tool. Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: *Dentrix Dental software system has related patient information for this course. software and hardware using word processing type papers reports required class writing assignments internet to practice and master standards in: dental terminology odontology and anatomical landmarks infection control chair side assisting radiography dental laboratory pharmacology and emergency care business office procedures internet as a resource/research tool for: reports research assignments other activities 25 o o o o o o o o Standard Number: HSE.S.DT.10 Essential Questions: Objectives: HSE.O.DT.10.1 HSE.O.DT.10.2 HSE.O.DT.10.3 HSE.O.DT.10.4 dental terminology odontology and anatomical landmarks infection control chair side assisting radiography dental laboratory pharmacology and emergency care business office procedures Student Organizations Students will participate in the local chapter of the Career and Technical Organization (CTSO). How does participation in a Career and Technical Student Organization (CTSO) impact professional development and lifelong learning? Students will Learning Plan & Notes to Instructor: participate in the local chapter of the involvement in HOSA or SkillsUSA appropriate Career and Technical Organization membership (CTSO). committee involvement contests projects other educational activities examine parliamentary procedure in parliamentary procedure in organizational meetings organizational meetings. main motion second debate vote point of information division adjourn characterize team membership skills, such as team membership skills cooperation and leadership. cooperation leadership through participation in o committees o contests o projects o other educational activities take part in local, state and national dental local, state and national dental health care and 26 health care and education projects. 21st Century Skills Information and Communication Skills: Learning Skills & Technology Tools 21C.O.9-12.1.LS3 21C.O.9-12.1.TT2 21C.O.9-12.1.TT10 Student creates information using advanced skills of analysis, synthesis and evaluation and shares this information through a variety of oral, written and multimedia communications that target academic, professional and technical audiences and purposes. Student routinely applies keyboarding skills, keyboard shortcut techniques, and mouse skills with facility, speed and accuracy. Student implements various Internet search techniques (e.g., Boolean searches, meta-searches, web bots) to gather information; student evaluates the information for validity, appropriateness, content, bias, currency, education projects National Dental Health Month Dental Assistant Recognition Week American Dental Assistants Association, etc. Teaching Strategies Evidence of Culminating Activity Success Students use the Internet and Students identify selected software to create dental word roots, and interpret dental terms and prefixes, and records. suffixes; and accurately build and Students use interactive interpret dental software to master course terms. standards and objectives. 27 Thinking and Reasoning Skills: 21C.O.9-12.2.LS1 21C.O.9-12.2.LS2 21C.O.9-12.2.TT2 Personal, and Workplace, Skills: 21C.O.9-12.3.LS3 and usefulness. Student engages in a critical thinking process that supports synthesis and conducts evaluation using complex criteria. Student draws conclusions from a variety of data sources to analyze and interpret systems. Student collaborates with peers, experts and others to contribute to a content-related knowledge base by using technology to compile, synthesize, produce, and disseminate information, models, and other creative works. Student demonstrates ownership of his/her learning by setting goals, monitoring and adjusting performance, extending learning, using what he/she has learned to adapt to new situations, and displaying perseverance and commitment to continued learning. Students use dental terminology in examining dental terms associated with structure and function, disease pathology; diagnostic and therapeutic dental procedures, and abbreviations related to dental care Students apply acquired knowledge to accurately interpret dental terms used by dental health professionals to understand a patient’s dental records. Students are provided with dental reports to analyze and interpret patient information. Students use electronic medical records to compile, synthesize, produce, and disseminate patient information. Students will develop an awareness of course concepts in relationship to real-world applications, adapting to the clinical setting. Students apply course concepts to patient/clinical experiences. Students follow Within this course, students established follow established protocols in protocols and HIPPA the use of technology regulations. (i.e. (HIPPA). educational settings/healthcare 28 21C.O.9-12.3.LS4 Student demonstrates ethical behavior and works responsibly and collaboratively with others in the context of the school and the larger community, and he/she demonstrates civic responsibility through engagement in public discourse and participation in service learning. Learning Skills & Technology Tools Entrepreneurship Skills: Culminating Assessment: B.01-B.11, .17-.28 Understands the personal traits/behaviors associated with successful entrepreneurial performance. D.01-D.06, .08, .014, .17, .21-.30, Understand concepts, strategies, and systems needed to interact effectively with others. E .01-.14 Understands concepts and procedures needed for basic computer operations. facilities) Teaching Strategies Culminating Activity Students will utilize accurate medical terminology in collaborative work, decisionmaking processes, and identify entrepreneurial opportunities. Evidence of Success Students display appropriate leadership, communication, and interpersonal traits/behaviors in personal applications and collaboration with others. Students successfully use dental terminology accurately to draw conclusions regarding dental records. Culminating Assessment You work in a local dental office and must accurately interpret the basic elements of medical words used in a patient’s history. You will be judged on the accuracy of your interpretation. 29 Industry Accreditation/ Certification Links and Other Resources You are a dental assistant and must accurately interpret a patient’s oral x-ray report by defining the medical terms used in the patient’s medical record. You will be judged on the accuracy of your interpretation. Industry Accreditation/Certification Secondary programs: None available at the completion of this course. Postsecondary programs: must complete all courses within the Dental Concentration Commission on Dental Accreditation American Dental Association Dental Assisting National Board o Certified Dental Assistant CDA o Certified Office Assistant COA o Infection Control Exam ICE o Radiation Health and Safety RHS o General Chairside GC o Dental Laboratory Technician Links and Other Resources Related Websites: Dental Assisting National Board http://www.danb.org American Dental Association http://www.ada.org American Dental Assistants Association http://www.dentalassistant.org U.S. Department of Labor in the 21st Century http://www.dol.gov/ America's Career InfoNet www.acinet.org America's Job Bank www.ajb.org 30 America's Service Locator www.servicelocator.org Employment & Training Administration www.doleta.gov The Job Accommodation Network (JAN) http://www.jan.wvu.edu Monthly Labor Review Online: Labor Force Archives http://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/indexL.htm#Labor force Occupational Information Network www.doleta.gov/programs/onet Career Voyages http://www.careervoyages.gov/index.cfm Workforce West Virginia https://www.workforcewv.org/ West Virginia Earn A Degree Graduate Early (EDGE) http://www.wvtechprep.wvnet.edu/edge.htm West Virginia Career and Technical Education http://careertech.k12.wv.us/ Contacts Contacts: HSE Teachers: See HSE Directory HSE Coordinators: Rebecca Davis rdavis@accesslk12.wv.us Cynthia Sundstrom csundstr@access.k12.wv.us OCTI Assistant Executive Director and EOCTST Coordinator: Donna Burge-Tetrick OCTI Executive Director: Gene Coulson 31