Name: ________________________________________ Period: _____
LESSON 5.1: Cell Transport & Homeostasis: Cell Structures Involved in Cell Transport
FROM OUTSIDE TO INSIDE: The Plasma Membrane
1.
Function of the plasma membrane:
a. _____________________________________________________________________
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b. _____________________________________________________________________
c. _____________________________________________________________________
2. Selective permeability ___________________________________________________
a. Most important substance that passes through = ________________
WHY??? ______________________________________________________________
3. Why is it important for inorganic ions, like sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+),
and chlorine (Cl-) to be able to pass through the plasma membrane?
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4. What is the function of oxygen?
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5. What do hormones do? ____________________________________________________
The Phospholipid Bilayer
Two layers of phospholipids; hydrophobic, or water-hating, interior (tails) and hydrophilic, or
water-loving, exterior (heads)
Proteins embedded within it have a variety of functions
6. Hydrophobic molecules are _________________, easily cross; if small enough
7. Hydrophilic molecules are ________________, need help to cross; usually through
embedded proteins
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Proteins Embedded in the Plasma Membrane
8. What types of embedded membrane proteins are not involved in transport?
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9. What types of embedded membrane proteins are involved in transport?
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10. In the picture below label the peripheral proteins and the integral proteins…
Integral proteins types…
11. _____________________________ allow ions, polar molecules to cross
a. Types of transport proteins:
i.
Channel proteins  hydrophilic channel
Give examples of two molecules that can pass through channel proteins below:
(1) ___________________
(2) ___________________
What is the special name given to channel proteins that allow water to pass
through them? _________________________________
What type of channel protein open and closes in response to a stimulus allowing
certain types of ions to cross the membrane? ____________________________
ii.
Carrier proteins  hold molecules and change shape as they pass them through
Give an example of a carrier protein: ___________________________________
Cytoplasm’s Role in Intracellular Transport
12. What do the enzymes in cytoplasm do?
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13. What function do the salts carry out?
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14. What is the purpose of cytoplasmic streaming?
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Role of Cytoskeleton in the Cytoplasm
15. How many different types of threadlike structures make up the cytoskeleton? ________
16. Which of the structures from question 15 above are involved in intracellular cell
transport? _______________________________________________________________
17. __________________________ composed of protein called actin; act like tracks
within cells for myosin molecules
18. __________________________ tracks for vesicle intracellular transport
The Endomembrane System in Eukaryotic Cells
19. What is the function of the endomembrane system?
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20. Which organelles in cells make-up the endomembrane system?
________________________________________________________________________
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21. When the organelles of the endomembrane system are not directly connected, how do
they transport materials between them? ______________________________________
22. Where do the vesicles come from that are sending materials?
_______________________________________________________________________
23. What do vesicles fuse with? ________________________________________________
The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
24. What types of molecules are transported by the ER?
____________________________________________
25. Which types of ER forms vesicles to transport these molecules? ___________________
26. What organelle do these vesicles usually travel to next in the endomembrane system?
__________________________________
The Golgi Apparatus
Processes proteins and prepares them for use both inside and outside the cell.
Receives proteins from the ER that have been transported in vesicles, then packages and labels
them; sending them on to their next destinations in another set of vesicles.
Golgi is also involved in the transport of lipids around the cell.
Vesicles
27. What do vesicles store and transport? ________________________________________
28. What organelles do they pinch off of? ________________________________________
Lysosomes and Endosomes
29. What organelle do lysosomes bud off of? ______________________________________
30. What is the main function of lysosomes?
________________________________________________________________________
31. What are pathogens? ______________________________________________________
32. What organelle do endosomes bud off of? _____________________________________
33. What is the main function of endosomes?
________________________________________________________________________
34. What do we call vesicles that are larger than 100 nanometers? ____________________
Special Transport Structure in Plant Cells
35. What are plasmodesmata?
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36. Why are plasmodesmata needed in plant cells?
________________________________________________________________________
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37. Label the following organelles of the endomembrane system on the picture below:
endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, vesicle, endosome, lysosome, and nuclear envelope.
Homeostasis and Cell Function
38. What do homeostatic mechanisms do?
________________________________________________________________________
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39. What can happen to a cell if homeostatic regulation fails?
________________________________________________________________________
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SUMMARY
40. Review all we have learned in this lesson, by looking over your notes on the copy of the
textbook given to you. On the back of this page summarize in your own words the
topics covered and how they aid in cell transport and the maintenance of cell
homeostasis. You should write a minimum of 3-4 paragraphs and include the following
topics: plasma membrane’s role, role of membrane proteins, roles of cytoplasm and
cytoskeleton, function and components of endomembrane system, special structure of
plant cells that aid in transport against barriers, and how all these things help cells
maintain homeostasis. This assignment is worth 15 points.
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YOUR SUMMARY (15 POINTS)
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