U niversity of S outhern C alifornia
School Of Engineering
Department Of Electrical Engineering
EE 348: #34056
Course Syllabus
Spring, 2003
Choma
ABSTRACT:
EE 348 establishes a foundation for electronic circuit design. The course studies the fundamental, or
canonic, circuit cells that underpin the realization of analog electronic circuits. Most of the circuits
addressed exploit metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) devices, but some
attention is given to bipolar junction transistor (BJT) technology. The fundamental tools exploited to
study these electronic devices and networks derive largely from the theoretic concepts and analytical
strategies developed in the first circuits course, which is EE 202 at USC.
Design is a challenging undertaking because it is not the problem of finding the N solutions to a system
of N equations in N unknowns. The most typical design problem is one in which there are more specifications that must be satisfied or more variables that need to be determined than there are independent
equations that can be written. Basic algebra teaches that a problem for which the number of unknowns
does not equal the number of available independent equations has no unique solution. Since poorly
structured mathematical problems are implicit to virtually all design issues, unique design solutions are
rare. Nevertheless, viable and even creative solutions can be determined. The best of these solutions,
in the sense of yielding reliable electronic networks that can be manufactured cost-effectively to meet
operating specifications, are not forged by trial and error strategies. Instead, optimal solutions derive
from fundamental phenomenological understanding. The task necessarily preceding an understanding
of electronic engineering complexities is the conduct of thorough mathematical and computer-based
analyses that insightfully highlight both the attributes and the limitations of the circuit and system
architectures under consideration. The satisfying understanding that conduces completing the genuinely difficult task of creative circuit design ensues when analytical disclosures can be creatively
interpreted and lucidly explained in terms of fundamental physical laws, basic circuit and system concepts, and simple mathematics.
Because understanding is such a crucial ingredient of the design recipe, computational precision is
generally not the primary objective of design-oriented engineering circuit analysis. Instead, analyses
are conducted to gain insights into the circuit responses defined by the mathematical solutions for the
electrical variables of a circuit. Insights are cultivated by conceptually comprehending solutions cast
in forms that underscore circuit advantages, disadvantages, best case operating features, and worstcase response properties. In short, design skills are not nurtured by elegant mathematical delineations
of circuit responses. They are more likely to derive from approximate circuit solutions that, when
properly interpreted in light of meaningfully invoked approximations and an awareness of desired circuit and system operating specifications, paint an understandable engineering picture of circuit
dynamics. EE 348 attempts to paint these images.
EE 348
University of Southern California
Spring 2003
1. COURSE ADMINISTRATION
The prerequisites for EE 348 are EE 202 and EE 301. Course lectures are given on Tuesdays and Thursdays from 11:00 to 12:20 in Kaprielian Hall (KAP), Room #147.
EE 348 lectures commence on Tuesday, 14 January 2003 and end on Thursday, 01 May
2003. Students who are absent from given lecture or discussion sessions should arrange for a
friend to obtain any notes, homework assignments, homework solutions, or other information
distributed during their absence. Copies of material handed out in class are not retained by
the instructor.
The last day to drop the course without a “W” grade is Friday, 31 January 2003. The
last day to drop the class with a “W” grade is Friday, 11 April 2003. An Incomplete
“IN” course grade is rarely given. An “IN” grade can be justified only in substantiated
exceptional cases such as an extended student illness, a temporary physical disability, or an
unfortunate personal hardship experienced after the twelfth week of the semester.
The final examination is scheduled for Thursday, 08 May 2003, from 11:00 AM to 1:00
PM. Two midterm examinations will also be administered. After hours optional review sessions for impending examinations may be scheduled two to three lecture days before the date
of an exam. Other optional review sessions can be given, pending student interest and need.
Homework is assigned nominally weekly, and solutions are normally distributed on the day
that assignments are handed in. Conscientious efforts are made to have homework assignments complement the lecture material. Moreover, the homework assignments are compiled
to provide students with meaningful analytical experiences that effectively help to prepare
them for examinations. Completed homework is never accepted after the due date. To
compensate for this inflexibility, the lowest homework grade among all homework assignments is ignored in the compilation of the end of semester homework average.
The results of the two (2) midterm examinations, the final examination, and averaged homework grades combine with the laboratory grade in accordance with the algorithm given
below to determine the final course average for each student.
MIDTERM EXAMINATION #1 GRADE:
MIDTERM EXAMINATION #2 GRADE:
FINAL EXAMINATION GRADE:
LABORATORY GRADE:
HOMEWORK GRADE:
20%
20%
30%
20%
10%
Examinations can never be made up, nor can they be administered in advance of the
scheduled examination date! If a student fails to take either of the two midterm exams, his
or her grade will be based on only two (2) examinations and on a normalized maximum score
of 80, as opposed to 100. An automatic failure results if the student has a non-excused
absence from both midterm examinations, and/or an absence from the final examination. An automatic failure also results if the laboratory component of the course is
failed. Laboratory failure is ensured if any one of the laboratory assignments is not
completed.
Prof. John Choma is the course instructor, and Mr. Onder Oz is the Discussion Section
Leader. Mr. Phil Potter is responsible for laboratory coordination; he will also teach all laboratory sections.
Department of Electrical Engineering
ii
J. Choma
EE 348
University of Southern California
Spring 2003
Prof. Choma’s office hours are 2:00 to 3:30 on Tuesdays and Thursdays and 11:00 to 2:00 on
Wednesdays in Powell Hall of Engineering (PHE) Room #616. Appointments for other
meeting times can be arranged by telephoning Prof. Choma at 213-740-4692 or by e-mailing
him at johnc@almaak.usc.edu. Onder Oz and Phil Potter will also establish regular office
hours.
2. DISCUSSION SECTIONS
Each student is required to attend one of two weekly discussion sections, which are tentatively offered as follows.
1:00 -to- 1:50
1:00 -to- 1:50
Monday
Wednesday
KAP
KAP
#137
#137
Homework and laboratory assignments are addressed in the discussion sections, as is particularly challenging lecture material. Discussion sections begin meeting during the week of
20 January 2003.
3. LABORATORY SECTIONS
Each student is required to attend one of two weekly laboratory sections, which are offered
as follows.
11:00 -to- 1:40 (PM)
6:00 -to- 8:40 (PM)
Monday
Wednesday
OHE
OHE
#240
#240
The general nature and specific objectives of all laboratory assignments will be definitively
addressed by Mr. Potter during the actual laboratory sessions. These assignments focus on
the development of circuit test methodologies, circuit analysis and assessment strategies, and
circuit design skills. Collectively, they imbue students with a meaningful sampling of practical engineering design and characterization problems. Nominally, four or five design projects, each entailing detailed analysis, engineering interpretation of analytical results, SPICE
computer-aided simulation, circuit construction, circuit test, and project reporting, are
assigned as group undertakings.
Each student is required to purchase a proto board by the first laboratory meeting, which
occurs during the week of 20 January 2003. Proto boards can be purchased in Olin Hall of
Engineering (OHE) Room #246.
*** An Absolute Prerequisite To Passing EE 348 Is That All Laboratory Assignments
Must Be Completed! ***
4. STUDY GUIDELINES AND SUGGESTIONS
4.1. Spend some time reading the Abstract of this Course Syllabus. It attempts to define the
pedagogical philosophy of the course. Fundamentally, it conveys the notion that the solutions
to problems are not the only important issue. Equally important is the ability to develop the
engineering insights that forge creative and efficient circuit and system design. A matter
related to interpretive acuity is the development of skills for defining, applying, and assessing
meaningful analytical approximations, which you will discover are all but mandated if mathematical tractability and engineering understandability are to be assured.
Department of Electrical Engineering
iii
J. Choma
EE 348
University of Southern California
Spring 2003
4.2. It is imprudent and potentially disastrous to view the 10% weight attached to homework as
being sufficiently small to justify your tacit neglect of homework assignments. Many of the
problems assigned derive from EE 348 examinations administered in previous semesters, and
most, when thoroughly addressed and considered, provide you with the analytical experience
and engineering insights that are likely to prove beneficial during formal examinations.
4.3. Electrical and computer engineers rarely work in proverbial vacuums. Accordingly, students
are encouraged to work in small teams (no larger than three) on homework assignments,
assuming, of course, that such collaboration is done intelligently, conscientiously, and in a
manner that encourages equal participation among all group members. If you choose to work
in homework teams, you need hand in only one assignment per group, making sure that the
first page of each submitted assignment clearly identifies all group members. Each member of
a given group receives the same numerical mark for the given submission.
4.4. Do not fall behind in the course lectures, the homework assignments, and the laboratory
assignments! Upper division electrical engineering classes, such as EE 348, are hierarchical;
that is, the ability to understand material presented in any given week relies strongly on your
comprehension of technical matter discussed in preceding weeks.
4.5. Do not miss class! I rarely follow the textbook closely, and I have no reservations about
compiling homework assignments and examinations predicated, at least in part, on material
discussed in class but not addressed in the assigned textbook.
4.6. Do not be shy in the classroom about asking questions about material you do not clearly
comprehend. If you do not understand something, chances are that many of your peers are
experiencing similar confusion. Do not be shy about coming to my office for additional
assistance, and do not hesitate to ask the Discussion Leader or the Laboratory Teaching Assistant for help. The Discussion Leader and the Laboratory Assistant have complete liberty to
address course issues in any manner they deem appropriate. This discretionary latitude
includes sharing with you any insights they may have about my grading, lecturing, and examination styles. To the latter end, be advised that both of these people have suffered through at
least two of the courses I offer.
5. REQUIRED TEXT and SUGGESTED REFERENCES
The chapter assignments in the “Course Schedule” below refer to the required textbook:
Roger T. Howe and Charles G. Sodini, Microelectronics; An Integrated Approach.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1997 [ISBN #0-13-588519-3].
Several of the assigned readings in the “Course Schedule” are prefaced with “LS,” which
denotes “Lecture Supplements.” A partial listing of these notes, which will be made available in a timely fashion throughout the semester, is provided herewith.
[LS #1].
[LS #2].
[LS #3].
[LS #4].
[LS #5].
[LS #6].
J. Choma, Jr., Review of Basic Circuit Theory and Introduction to Fundamental Electronic System
Concepts.
J. Choma, Jr., Semiconductor Diodes: Concepts, Models, and Circuits.
J. Choma, Jr., Circuit Level Models of CMOS Technology Transistors.
J. Choma, Jr., Canonic Cells of Analog MOS/CMOS Technology.
J. Choma, Jr., “MOSFET Technology Devices,” reprinted from The Circuits And Filters Handbook,
W-K Chen, et. al., eds. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1995, pages 1,509-1,557.
J. Choma, Jr. and J. Trujillo, “Canonic Cells of Linear Bipolar Technology,” reprinted from The
Circuits And Filters Handbook, W-K Chen, et. al., eds. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1995,
pages 1,628-1,675.
The following reference literature may prove helpful.
Department of Electrical Engineering
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J. Choma
EE 348
University of Southern California
[1].
[2].
[3].
[4].
[5].
[6].
[7].
[8].
[9].
[10].
[11].
[12].
[13].
[14].
[15].
[16].
[17].
[18].
[19].
[20].
[21].
[22].
[23].
[24].
[25].
[26].
[27].
[28].
[29].
[30].
[31].
[32].
[33].
Spring 2003
Phillip E. Allen and Douglas R. Holberg, CMOS Analog Circuit Design. New York: Oxford University
Press, 2002 [ISBN #0-19-51164-5].
Marco Annaratone, Digital CMOS Circuit Design. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1986.
R. Boylestad and L. Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey:
Prentice-Hall, 1987.
Stanley G. Burns and Paul R. Bond, Principles of Electronic Circuits. Boston: PWS Publishing Company, 1997.
W-K Chen, L. O. Chua, J. Choma, Jr., and L. P. Huelsman (eds.), The Circuits And Filters Handbook.
Boca Raton, Florida: CRC/IEEE Press, 1995.
P. M. Chirlian, Analysis and Design of Integrated Electronic Circuits. New York: Harper and Row
Publishers, 1987.
K. K. Clarke and D. T. Hess, Communication Circuits: Analysis and Design. Reading, Massachusetts:
Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1978.
R. A. Colclaser, D. A. Neamen, and C. F. Hawkins, Electronic Circuit Analysis: Basic Principles. New
York: John Wiley and Sons, 1984.
Donald T. Comer, Introduction To Mixed Signal VLSI. Highspire, Pennsylvania: Array Publishing Co.,
1994.
J. A. Connelly and P. Choi, Macromodeling With SPICE. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall,
Inc., 1992.
R. C. Dorf (editor), The Electrical Engineering Handbook. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 1993.
R. C. Dorf and J. A Svoboda, Introduction to Electric Circuits. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1996.
Daniel P. Foty, MOSFET Modeling With SPICE: Principles and Practice. Upper Saddle River, New
Jersey: Prentice Hall PTR, 1997.
R. L. Geiger, P. E. Allen, and N. R. Strader, VLSI Design Techniques For Analog And Digital Circuits.
New York: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company, 1990.
Alan B. Grebene, Bipolar and MOS Analog and Integrated Circuit Design. New York: Wiley–
Interscience, 1984.
Roubik Gregorian and Gabor C. Temes, Analog MOS Integrated Circuits for Signal Processing. New
York: Wiley–Interscience, 1986.
Sergio Franco, Design With Operational Amplifiers And Analog ICs. New York: McGraw-Hill Book
Company, 1988.
Mohammed S. Ghausi, Electronic Devices and Circuits: Discrete and Integrated. New York: Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, 1985.
Arthur B. Glaser and Gerald E. Subak-Sharpe, Integrated Circuit Engineering. Reading Massachusetts:
Addison-Wesley Pub. Co., 1977.
Glenn M. Glasford, Analog Electronic Circuits. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1986.
Glenn M. Glasford, Digital Electronic Circuits. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1988.
Roger T. Howe and Charles G. Sodini, Microelectronics: An Integrated Approach. Upper Saddle River,
New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1997.
Johan H. Huijsing, Rudy J. van der Plassche, and Willy Sansen (editors), Analog Circuit Design.
Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1993.
Mohammed Ismail and Terri Fiez (editors), Analog VLSI Signal And Information Processing. New
York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994.
Richard C. Jaeger, Microelectronic Circuit Design. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1997.
David A. Johns and Ken Martin, Analog Integrated Circuit Design. New York: John Wiley & Sons,
Inc., 1997.
E. J. Kennedy, Operational Amplifier Circuits: Theory And Applications. New York: Holt, Rinehart and
Winston, Inc., 1988.
Kenneth R. Laker and Willy M. C. Sansen, Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems. New
York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994.
Thomas H. Lee, The Design Of CMOS Radio–Frequency Integrated Circuits. Cambridge, United
Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
William Liu, MOSFET Models for SPICE Simulation. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2001.
R. Mauro, Engineering Electronics: A Practical Approach. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: PrenticeHall, 1989.
Jacob Millman and Arvin Grabel, Microelectronics. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1987.
F. H. Mitchell, Jr. and F. H. Mitchell, Sr., Introduction to Electronics Design. Englewood Cliffs, New
Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1992.
Department of Electrical Engineering
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J. Choma
EE 348
University of Southern California
Spring 2003
[34]. C. J. Savant, Jr., M. S. Roden, and G. L. Carpenter, Electronic Circuit Design: An Engineering
Approach. Menlo Park, California: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc., 1987.
[35]. D. L. Schilling, C. Belove, T. Apelewicz, and R. J. Saccardi, Electronic Circuits: Discrete and Integrated. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1989.
[36]. A. S. Sedra and K. C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1987.
[37]. R. M. Warner, Jr. and B. L. Grung, Transistors: Fundamentals for the Integrated Circuit Engineer. New
York: Wiley Interscience, 1983.
6. COURSE SCHEDULE
WEEK
WEEK OF
1, 2
01/13/03
01/20/03
CIRCUIT ANALYSIS REVIEW
Thévenin’s and Norton’s Theorems
Basic Electronic System Concepts
Steady State Sinusoidal Analysis
Transient Analysis
LS #1
Chapter 1
3
01/27/03
ANALOG SIGNAL PROCESSING
Voltage and Current Amplifiers
Transadmittance (Transconductance) Amplifier
Transimpedance (Transresistance) Amplifier
Simple Filters
LS #1
Chapter 1
4
02/03/03
RECTIFIERS AND SIMPLE POWER SUPPLIES
Half Wave Rectifier
Full Wave Rectifier
Capacitive Filter
Diode Transient Response
LS #2
Chapter 3
5
02/10/03
PN JUNCTION DIODE
Qualitative Operating Description
Time Domain Circuit Model
Reverse and Forward Biases
Depletion and Diffusion Capacitances
LS #2
Chapter 6
6
02/17/03
6, 7, 8
02/17/03
02/24/03
03/03/03
MOS/CMOS DEVICE MODELS
Qualitative Operating Description
Long Channel Approximation
Short Channel Approximation
Small Signal Model
High Frequency Performance Metrics
Biasing For Linear Operation
Constant Current Sources
Supply Independent Biasing
Chapter 4
LS #3
LS #5
9
03/10/03
CANONIC ANALOG MOS CIRCUIT CELLS
Diode-Connected Transistor
Common Source Amplifier
High Frequencies
Chapter 8
LS #3
LS #4
LS #5
03/17/03
Department of Electrical Engineering
LECTURE TOPIC
MIDTERM EXAMINATION #1 (02/20/03)
***SPRING BREAK***
vi
READINGS
Open Book
*NO CLASS*
J. Choma
EE 348
University of Southern California
WEEK
WEEK OF
LECTURE TOPIC
Spring 2003
READINGS
10, 11
03/24/03
03/31/03
12
04/07/03
12, 13
04/07/03
04/14/03
BIPOLAR DEVICE MODELS
Qualitative Operating Description
Ebers-Moll Model
Gummel-Poon Model
Biasing
Small–Signal Model
LS #6
Chapter 7
14, 15
04/21/03
04/28/03
CANONIC BIPOLAR CIRCUIT CELLS
Common Emitter Amplifier
Common Base Amplifier
Common Collector Amplifier
Differential Architectures
LS #6
Chapter 11
05/05/03
CANONIC ANALOG MOS CIRCUIT CELLS
Common Base Amplifier
Common Drain Amplifier
Transconductor Enhancement
Current Sources And Sinks
MIDTERM EXAMINATION #2 (04/10/03)
FINAL EXAMINATION (05/08/03–11:00 to 1:00)
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
LS #4
Open Book
Open Book
John Choma, Jr.,
Professor of Electrical Engineering
02 January 2003
cc.
Prof. M. A. Gundersen (Department Chair)
Prof. H. Kuehl (Associate Chair)
Dr. E. Maby (Undergraduate Coordinator)
Mr. O. Oz (Discussion Instructor)
Mr. P. Potter (Laboratory Coordinator & Instructor)
EE 348–S03 File
Department of Electrical Engineering
vii
J. Choma