Agricultural Marketing In Nigeria Problems &
Prospects (A Case Study Of Ministry Of Agriculture
Enugu State)
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
II
Approval Page
III
Dedication
IV
Table of contents
VII
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1
1.1
Background of the study
1
1.2
Statement of the problem
4
1.3
Objectives of the study
7
1.4
Significance of the study
8
1.5
Hypothesis Formulation
9
1.6
Scope of the Study
10
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Overview of marketing
12
2
2.2
The Market Concept in Agricultural marketing 13
2.3
The Marketing mix
16
2.4
Agricultural Marketing
19
2.5
Pricing strategy for Agricultural marketing
21
2.6
Process and storage
23
2.7
Distribution strategy for Agricultural marketing 25
2.8
Promotional strategy for Agricultural marketing 27
2.9
Problems of Agricultural Marketing.
29
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Scope of the study
32
Sources of data
33
Primary Data
33
Secondary Data
33
Method of Investigation
34
Questionnaire Design
35
3
Determination of sample size
35
Allocation of the Questionnaires
36
Limitations of the study
37
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA
4.1
Presentation of Data
40
4.2
Statistical Test
57
4
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Agriculture is and still remains an important sector
of the Nig Agriculture is and still remains an important
sector of the Nigerian economy inspite of the importance
of crude oil which has been unduely emphasized on
agriculture.
Its
practice
has
remained
within
a
subsistence level at a time in the past.
Reports from the food and agricultural organization
shows that by the year 2010. Nigeria will be able to meet
only 37% of the food need of its projected 150 million
people.
No doubt agriculture provides the greatest avenue
for
employment,
populace
its
income
intrinsic
and
position
food
for
as
source
a
the
Nigeria
of
raw -
materials for key industries and a major source of foreign
5
exchange earning has further- added to its pre-eminence
among all known occupation.
However the performance
of this sector as regards agricultural production varied
widely
over
the
past
two
decades
the
environment prevalent at different point
enabling
in time, have
greatly influenced it.
Apparently agricultural marketing to a larger extent
may be said to begin when farmers plan their output or
the expected market prices.
To the layman agricultural marketing could be taken
as the bridge or connecting link between specialized
agricultural producers and final consumer.
But their in as a much as this view is myopic a
broader perspective of agricultural marketing is that it is
the performance of all business activities involved in the
flow
of
agricultural
consumption
for
production
further
to
this
to
the
the
point
of
dynamic
of
6
agricultural marketers on the
food and raw -material
demands in their territory and which apparently helps
farmers in their production planning.
being
efficiently
and
effectively
In other products
delivered
to
the
consumers or usrs.
Normally, consumers and interested in securing the
highest food value at the lowest possible price while at
the same time.
Farmers want the highest possible
returns from the sale of their produces, along the line
middle-men seek to earn the greatest possible profit
pricing policies and behaviours are therefore
important
indicators to both the middlemen and the society in
general.
To explain further to the middlemen, price
changes determines gross margin and
profitability; and
for the society, price directly effect aggregate price levels
of the economy and hence consumer welfare.
7
Agricultural products uniquely depend on a adequate
and
flexible
ministry
of
transportation
agricultural
system
focus
on
that
the
is
why
the
geographic
movement to acquire their market value and also because
of the extent to which climate or weather determines
where or when and in what quantity transportation
services will be needed.
This study tends to look into the problems and
prospects of agricultural marketing within a state and
within states creates the need for exchange which in the
other hand calls for the might or important middlemen.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Agricultural production in Enugu State has drastically
been reduced and this has occasioned scarcity of food in
the homes and for export.
The situation is different from what it was before
when there were abundant food for populations and for
8
sale.
The
present
predicament
of
scarcity
in
the
agriculture sector has let both the consumers and the
industrial users to look for explanations to this.
A lot of reasons could be adduced for the short -fall
that
could
be
traceable
to
this
include
the
city
disturbances in the country increasing rate of population
growth.
external
Other
factors
environment
include
and
draught,
inadequate
unfavourable,
funding
for
agricultural and in development.
Some of the activities that suppose to back -up
marketing are still lacked or not
time agriculture
in Enugu State
full utilization.
Most
are confronted with
limited production by design due to lack of
facilities of
processing and storage when this is the case, agricultural
producers tend to remain only on the subsistence level
with little to offer to the market. Despite the enormous
resources injected by the government into the s ector
9
after the civil war, the impact of the production did not
matched the volume of resources expended on the sector
as the agricultural product production stagnated at
less
than one prevent annual population growth rate a time
population growth rate was between 2.3%.
all the
producers because of their level of production and
of storage facilities being
lack
to a market, a small quantity
for immediate cash and in most cases all the surpluses
are brought to the market same time after production.
In all agricultural sector has affected export which
would have boostered revenue of the government thereby
stalling developments.
The oil 600m further reduced participation in
agriculture as most people disengaged into white
collar jobs.
10
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The general objective of the study is to evaluate the
problems and prospects of agricultural marketing as the
study of ministry of agriculture Enugu-State the study is
intended to the problem of workers in the ministry of
agriculture.
And evaluate instruments in agricultural production.
And also the storage facilities, preservation of food and
crops and quality maintenance open to farmers which in
turn help in the marketing of perishable products.
Making recommendations as how to increase the
quality and quantity of the agricultural product thereby
reducing the associated.
And to evaluate the storage
facilities and also the land tenure system which is the
problem that we are facing now. To evaluate instruments
in agricultural there lack instruments and even the old
ones there lack maintenance.
11
At this are the problems there are facing in the
ministry of agriculture Enugu State.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
Agricultural planning and development have began
to receive some attention in many developing count ries.
The importance placed on agriculture has to do with
the experience of those countries which is in constant
short supply of food.
Many agricultural programmes were enunciate by the
different
regimes
ranging
from
green
revolution
to
operation feed the nation down to Enugu –State agrarian
revolution or River State back to land schemes.
All
these
efforts
are
aimed
substantially
to
increasing the agricultural product production.
In between the producers and consumers are the
marketing activities and the satisfaction of the consumers
12
depends to a large extent on how these activities are
carried out.
However, lack of adequate marketing may cause
shortage in some instance thereby increasing the price of
the product in particular areas while others experience
near surplus with attendant low prices.
The study is intended to provide me necessary
information to
the consumers producers and
to the
government on how to improve the agricultural produce
and
such
improvement
will
check
on
the
continued
scarcity of the product and thereby enhancing exportation
which will earn foreign exchange for the country.
1.5 HYPOTHESIS FORMULATION INTO FOUR
H1
Bad road in Udi Local Government Area impacts
negatively in the agriculture productivity.
13
H2: The problem of poor processing and storage facilities
impacts
negativity
in
the
profitability
of
agricultural
products.
H3:
Use of Crude Oil as the major source of revenue by
government had caused decline in agricultural sector.
H4: Scarcity
of
Agricultural
products
affected
the
demand for agricultural product in Udi Local Government
Area.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
For the purpose of effective research, some of the
towns in Udi Local Government Area were selected.
Amokwe Nachi
Umabi
Umuaga
Eke
Oghe
14
Reasons for the selection of towns is to enable the
researcher
have
an
indepth
study
of
Udi
Local
Government and draw a wide conclusion of how the
present marketing
systems in
Udi Local Government
affects the marketing of palm produce as an agricultural
products.
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