Physical Science
Chapter 13
Key Words
Energy
Kinetic energy
Potential energy
Gravitational potential energy
Elastic potential energy
Energy is the ability to do work or
cause change. It is measured in
Joules
Work is the transfer of energy from
one object to another.
Power is the rate at which energy is
transferred, or the amount of energy
transferred in a unit of time.
Power = Energy transferred
Time
Kinetic Energy - energy an object
has due to its motion. Kinetic means
moving. It increases as mass
increases. It also increases as when
velocity increases.
Potential Energy - is stored energy
that results from the position or shape
of an object. It has the potential to do
work.
Gravitational Potential Energy - is
related to an object’s height. It is
equal to the work done to lift it.
GPE = Weight x Height
Elastic Potential Energy - is energy
associated with objects that can be
stretched or compressed.
Forms of Energy
Mechanical Energy
Thermal Energy
Electrical Energy Chemical Energy
Nuclear Energy
Electromagnetic Energy
Mechanical Energy - form of energy
associated with the position and
motion of an object. You can find it
by adding the object’s kinetic and
potential energy. ME = KE + PE
Other Forms of Energy - are
associated with particles that make up
objects. They are thermal energy,
electrical energy, chemical energy,
nuclear energy, and electromagnetic
energy.
Thermal Energy - all objects are
made up of particles called atoms and
molecules. They are always in
motion, therefore they have kinetic
energy. They are arranged in specific
ways in different objects so they also
have potential energy.
The total of both is the
thermal energy. (449)
Electrical Energy - energy from
electrical charges. (Ex: shock from a
metal door knob, lightning).
Chemical Energy - is potential
energy stored in the chemical bonds
that hold chemical compounds
together. Bonds between atoms and
molecules hold chemical compounds
together.
Nuclear Energy - type of potential
energy that is stored in the nucleus of
an atom.
One type of reaction is nuclear
fission. This occurs when a nucleus
splits.
Another
type is nuclear fusion occurs when
the nuclei of atoms fuse or join
together. This occurs continuously in
the sun. It releases tremendous
amounts of energy.
Electromagnetic Energy - one form
is sunlight. It travels in waves as
white light. See page 451in your
textbook.
Study Guide for Chapter 13/Energy Test
Section 1:
Energy
Work
Power
Kinetic & Potential Energy
Gravitation Potential Energy
Elastic Potential Energy
Mechanical Energy = KE + PE
Section 2:
Six forms of energy
Section 3:
Conservation of energy
Who discovered the Theory of Relativity?
Section 4:
Fossil fuels/renewable and nonrenewable resources
Combustion
Study Guide for Chapter 13/Energy Test
Section 1:
Energy
Work
Power
Kinetic & Potential Energy
Gravitation Potential Energy
Elastic Potential Energy
Mechanical Energy = KE + PE
Section 2:
Six forms of energy
Section 3:
Conservation of energy
Who discovered the Theory of Relativity?
Section 4:
Fossil fuels/renewable and nonrenewable resources
Combustion