CHRYSLER LLC
Chrysler Security Services
Fire Protection Engineering Standards
Standard 104
Fire Protection Equipment Maintenance
Issued: 2/1/89 Revised: 12/99 Revised 3/01 Revised 12/01 6/11/2003 02/06 09/07
Table of Contents
1.0
Introduction
1.1
Purpose
1.2
User
1.3
Authorization
2.0
Definitions
2.1
General
3.0
References
3.1
General
3.2
National Fire Protection Association Standards and Factory Mutual Data Sheets
3.3
National Fire Protection Association
3.4
Fire Protection Handbook
3.5
Underwriters Laboratories
3.6
Factory Mutual Global
3.7
Industrial Risk Insurers
3.8
Canadian Standards/Codes
3.9
Building Codes
3.10
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
3.11
Chrysler LLC Corporate Fire Protection Standards
4.0
General
4.1
Introduction
4.2
Authority
4.3
Equipment Maintenance
4.4
Approvals
5.0
Water Supply
5.1
General
5.2
Isolation Valves
5.3
Hydrants
5.4
Flushing of Underground Connections
5.5
Water Storage Facilities
5.6
Centrifugal Fire Pumps
5.6.1
General
5.6.1.1 Summary of Fire Pump Testing and Maintenance
5.6.1.2 Summary of Water Storage Tank Testing and Maintenance
5.6.2
Measurements
5.6.3
Annual Flow Test Procedures
Standard 104
2
5.6.4
Power Supply
5.6.4.1 Over-current Protection
5.6.4.1.1 Fire Pump Controller
5.6.4.1.2 Fire Pump Feeder Circuit
5.6.5
Motor and Diesel Engine
5.6.5.1 Electric Motor
5.6.5.2 Diesel Engine
5.6.6
Accessories
5.6.7
Control Panel Functions
5.6.8
Suction
5.6.9
Jockey (Pressure Maintenance) Pump
5.6.10
Additional Criteria
6.0
Sprinkler Systems
6.1
General
6.2
Flushing
6.3
System Waterflow Tests
6.4
Sprinklers and Piping
6.5
Dry Pipe Sprinkler Systems
6.6
Pre-action/Deluge Sprinkler Systems
7.0
High-Speed Water Spray (Deluge) Systems
7.1
General
7.2
Flushing
7.3
Fire Detection Systems
7.4
System Waterflow Tests
7.5
Water Spray Nozzles and Piping
7.6
Protected Areas
7.7
Propriety Products
7.7.1
Material Legend for Cla-Valves
8.0
Foam Water Sprinkler Systems (AFFF)
8.1
General
8.2
Flushing
8.3
System Waterflow Tests
8.4
Sprinklers and Piping
9.0
Fixed and Gaseous Agent Fire Systems
9.1
General
9.1.1
Additional Equipment
9.1.2
Protected Areas
9.2
Gaseous Agent
Standard 104
3
9.2.1
General
9.2.2
Inspection
9.2.3
System Operations
9.3
Carbon Dioxide
9.3.1
General
9.3.2
Inspection
9.3.3
System Operations
9.3.4
High Pressure Storage
9.3.5
Low Pressure Storage
9.3.6
Extended Discharge
9.3.7
Hand Held Hose Lines
9.4
Wet/Dry Chemical Systems
9.4.1
General
9.4.2
Functional Tests
9.4.3
Manual Release
10.0
Detection Systems
10.1
General
10.2
Fire Alarm Control Panel
10.3
Detectors
10.3.1
Smoke Detectors
10.3.2
Heat Detectors
10.3.3
UV or UV/IR or IR/IR Flame Detection Systems
10.3.4
Beam Smoke Detection Systems
10.4
Initiating Devices
10.4.1
Manual Pull Stations
10.4.2
Alarm Signaling Appliances
10.4.3
Voice Alarm Systems
10.4.4
Power Supply
10.4.5
Electrically Supervised Circuits
10.4.6
Auxiliary Equipment
11.0
Fire Doors
11.1
General
12.0
Standpipe and Hose Systems
12.1
General
12.2
Classifications
13.0
Test Intervals
13.1
General
Standard 104
4
1.0
1.1
Introduction
Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to provide guidelines for the maintenance on Fire Protection Systems.
The Chrysler LLC Book of Knowledge (BOK) Standard Operating Practices’ shall be followed.
The purpose of this standard shall not take the place of, but shall be in addition to federal, state, province
or local fire safety requirements. The Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) shall also be consulted.
This Standard shall not be construed as detailed design criteria for the installation of new fire
protection equipment or modification of existing fire protection systems, nor shall these standards
be used in place of equipment manufacturers’ specifications or test procedures. They are general
guidelines, which can be used by qualified Chrysler LLC authorized personnel to assist in
conducting maintenance of fire protection systems/equipment. In no case shall unqualified
persons attempt to use these guidelines in lieu of proper training.
1.2
User
This Standard has been developed for use by the Corporate, GRC, and Wackenhut Site Security
Manager’s in the performance of work associated with maintenance on fire protection systems.
Local management shall be responsible to assure that equipment maintenance tests are performed in
accordance with these guidelines, and that records accurately monitoring the tests are filed. Records will
be susceptible to Chrysler LLC or GRC audit or inspection. Also, system tests and record keeping are
subject to requirements of the federal law, the Federal Registry, Title 29 OSHA, Part 1910, Subpart L,
Sections 1910.155-163 (Industrial Safety for General Industry) requirements. The applicable forms
found in the Chrysler LLC BOK CFS No. 104 section shall be utilized for maintenance
1.3
Authorization
This Standard is issued from Chrysler Security Services.
Only personnel from Corporate shall revise this Standard.
Suggestions shall be submitted to this department for review and possible action.
Standard 104
5
2.0
2.1
Definitions
General
For the purpose of this standard, terminology is applied with definitions as follows:
Approved: Acceptable to the “Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)”.
Audible Alarm: A fire alarm device which produces a distinctive audible signal and is effectively heard
above the ambient noise level per NFPA No. 72, “Proprietary Protective Signaling Systems”.
Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ): The organization, office or individual responsible for “approving”
equipment, an installation, or a procedure to meet statutory requirements. For insurance underwriting
purposes only, the insurance carrier representative may be the AHJ.
Bypass Switch: A control switch that electrically bypasses normal actuating components and allows the
system to function (in by-pass mode) for testing or maintenance.
Contractor: The party/persons contracted (including Plant Maintenance) for the design and installation
of fire protection systems.
Corporate: Chrysler LLC Corporate Security and Fire Prevention Department and its’ members.
Control Cabinet/Unit: The cabinets that contain detection control units, system release panels and
standby batteries for special systems.
Cross-Tie: Connection between two adjacent sprinkler systems that adds reliability to a sprinkler system
by providing a second water supply (source) in the event of primary water supply shutdown. Cross-Tie
valves are usually 2.5-inch normally closed valves. Valves shall not be locked or monitored.
“Deluge” Sprinkler System: A system employing automatic sprinklers with open orifices attached to a
piping system with a supplemental detection system installed in the same area as the sprinklers.
Actuation of the detection system opens a valve that permits water to flow into the piping system and out
the open sprinklers.
“Dry” Pipe Sprinkler System: A system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system
containing either pressurized air or nitrogen, the release of which permits the water pressure below the
valve to open the dry pipe valve, allowing water to flow into the piping system and out of the fused
(open) sprinklers. This system is commonly used for below freezing temperature environments. Grid
piping arrangements shall not be permitted for dry pipe system.
GRC - Global Risk Consulting.
High Speed Water Spray (Deluge) System: A suppression system for the high explosion hazard areas
designed to rapidly detect fire (by infrared detectors) and subsequently provide water to the protected
area through special nozzles.
Infrared Detection (IR): A device that is responsive to radiant energy outside the range of human vision
(above 7700 Angstroms) to sense the presence of flame as manufactured by a licensed and qualified fire
detection contractor.
Manual Pull Station: A wall mounted device that enables a suppression and/or alarm system to be
manually activated.
Operating Facility: A plant building or site where materials are handled, manufactured, or stored.
Pilot Line: The hydraulic line that initiates the functions of the High Speed Water Spray Systems.
Standard 104
6
“Pre-Action” Sprinkler System: A system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system
containing air (pressurized or not) with a supplemental fire detection system installed in the same area
as the sprinklers. Actuation of the detection system opens a valve that permits water to flow into the
piping and out any fused (open) sprinklers.
Proprietary Protection Signaling System: A signaling system that serves properties (all buildings at a
site) under-one-ownership from a central “on site” constantly attended supervising station.
Special System: A Fire Protection System designed to protect special hazard areas i.e. Carbon Dioxide,
Ecaro, HFC-227ea (FM200), AFFF, Water Spray, and Water Mist.
Standard shall mean this Corporate Security and Fire Prevention Standard.
Temperature Rating: Pre-determined melting point (temperature) at which the fusible link (metal alloy)
of the sprinkler head fuses (operates). Also, predetermined temperature at which the glass bulb breaks
causing Glass Bulb sprinkler head to operate.
Ultraviolet Detection (UV): A device that is responsive to radiant energy outside the range of human
vision (below 4,000 Angstroms) to sense the presence of flame as manufactured by a licensed and
qualified fire detection contractor.
Ultraviolet/Infrared Detection (UV/IR): A device that uses the ultraviolet and infrared detection
principles to sense the presence of flame (both UV and IR sensors must be activated to release the
suppression agent) as manufactured by a licensed and qualified detection contractor.
Wackenhut Site Security Manager: The plant Security Manager
Water Hammer: The effect of pressure rise (pipe rupture) that may accompany a sudden change in the
velocity of the water flowing in a pipe.
“Wet” Pipe Sprinkler System: A system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system
containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from any fused
(open) sprinklers.
Standard 104
7
3.0
3.1
References
General
The following references provide fire protection standards and code requirements that shall be used in
conjunction with the established guidelines of this standard and GRC.
These codes shall be applied where they have been adopted as law by a particular state government or
authority and where they supersede listed references.
3.2
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards and Factory Mutual (FM) Data Sheets.
(Latest editions shall be followed)
NFPA 10 &
FM 4-5
Portable Fire Extinguishers
NFPA 12 &
FM 4-11N
Installation of Carbon Dioxide Fire Protection Systems
NFPA 2001
Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems including HFC-227ea (FM200), Ecaro Fire
Protection Systems
NFPA 13 &
Installation of Sprinkler Systems
FM 2-8N & 8-9 (includes protection of various storage arrangements)
NFPA 13A &
DS 2-81
Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Sprinkler Systems
NFPA 14
Installation of Standpipe & Hose Systems
NFPA 15 &
FM 4-1N
Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection
NFPA 16A &
DS 4-7N
Installation of Closed Head Foam Water Sprinkler Systems
NFPA 17 &
FM 4-10
Dry Chemical Extinguishing Systems
NFPA 17A
Wet Chemical Extinguishing Systems
NFPA 20 &
FM 3-7N
Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps
NFPA 22 &
DS 3-2
Water Tanks for Private Fire Protection
NFPA 24 &
FM 3-10
Installation of private Fire Service Mains & their Appurtenances
NFPA 26
Supervision of Valves Controlling Water Supplies
NFPA 30
Flammable & Combustible Liquids Code
NFPA 70
National Electric Code
NFPA 72 &
Fire Detection and Alarm Systems
Standard 104
8
FM 5-2 & 5- 5
3.3
NFPA 80
Standard for Fire Doors & Windows
NFPA 750
Water Mist Fire Protection Systems
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
Fire Protection Systems - Inspection, Test and Maintenance Manual (NFPA)
Industrial Fire Hazards Handbook - NFPA
3.4
Fire Protection Handbook (NFPA)
3.5
Underwriters Laboratories (U.L.), Inc.
Fire Protection Equipment List
3.6
Factory Mutual Global
Approval Guides
Data Sheets
3.7
Industrial Risk Insurers (known as GE Solutions)
Interpretive Guides
3.8
Canadian Standards/Codes
Canadian Standards/Codes associated with items covered in this Standard shall be adhered to by
Canadian operations where they supersede the references listed above.
3.9
Building Codes
BOCA Basic/National Building Code
Uniform Building Code (UBC)
Southern Building Code (SBC)
International Fire Code
International Building Code
These codes shall be applied where they have been adopted as law by a particular state government or
authority and where they supersede the reference above.
3.10
Occupational Safety & Health Administration
Federal Registry, Title 29, Part 1910, Subpart L.
3.11
Chrysler LLC Corporate Fire Protection Standards
101 – Paint Spray Operations
102 – Material Storage
103 – Fire Protection Acceptance Test Standards
105 – Fire Protection New Construction Standards
Standard 104
9
4.0
4.1
General
Introduction
This Standard is intended to provide guidelines for Equipment Maintenance of fire protection
systems.
This Standard provides guidance on required equipment maintenance and frequency of fire protection
systems.
Equipment Maintenance inspection forms are provided in the Fire BOK under section CFS 104 and shall
be used or referenced when conducting or observing Equipment Maintenance procedures. Forms
showing satisfactory test results (provided by the installing contractor) and record drawings shall be
obtained as a reference for each test that is conducted by the plant (on-site) fire prevention department.
4.2
Authority
Equipment Maintenance shall be performed on all installed equipment/systems in accordance with this
Standard.
Contractors shall be authorized by system manufacturers and shall be trained to perform maintenance of
the fire protection systems.
Maintenance of all fire protection systems shall be performed in accordance with applicable standards
and Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) requirements.
Equipment Maintenance shall be coordinated with the following:
-
4.3
Corporate
Wackenhut Site Security Manager
GRC
Authority Having Jurisdiction
Equipment Maintenance
Wackenhut site Security Manager shall be responsible for the scheduling, witnessing, follow-up and
maintaining the written results
4.4
Approvals
The Wackenhut Site Security Manager shall maintain a PDCA (database) of the maintenance items that need
follow-up.
Standard 104
10
5.0
5.1
Water Supply
General
Equipment maintenance shall be performed for all water supply system components.
Satisfactory test results shall be recorded by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by the
Wackenhut Site Security Manager.
5.2
Isolation Valves
Isolation valves shall be inspected to verify that they are in the operating position. Valves shall also be
inspected for water leakage. Valves shall be operated and lubricated annually.
5.3
Hydrants
Hydrants shall be inspected to verify that they are in operating mode. They shall be inspected to verify
that they drain properly and do not leak on a semi-annual basis.
Hydrants shall be operated and lubricated. Operation of hydrants is appropriately implemented during
flushing operations of underground piping. Hydrants shall be restored to operating condition upon
completion of hydrant flushing operations.
Hydrants (where applicable) shall be winterized by draining.
Hydrant water flow tests shall be conducted to verify that an adequate water supply is available for a
designated water demand (sprinkler system). This test involves only the two hydrants closest to the
water demand (sprinkler system tie-in). These tests are done at most facilities by GRC on an annual
basis.
5.4
Flushing of Underground Connections
All underground supply mains and lead-in connections shall be flushed to remove foreign materials
before connection is made to sprinkler piping. Flushing shall continue until the water flows clear. Care
shall be exercised during the flushing operation to assure that water flow will adequately drain without
producing damage to surroundings.
Flow rates, in accordance with the latest edition of NFPA No. 13, Table10.10.2.1.3 shall be used. They
are as follows:
Flow Rate required to produce a Velocity of 10-fps (3 m/s) in pipes
Pipe Size (in inches) Pipe Size (mm) Gallons/Minute
5.5
Liters/Minute
4
102
390
1476
6
152
880
3331
8
203
1560
5905
10
254
2440
9235
12
305
3520
13323
Water Storage Facilities
Flow tests shall be conducted for water storage systems to verify that the tank and joints are not rusted
and that the material and equipment are operating properly. Valves shall be inspected to verify that they
are in the operating position. For elevated gravity fed and pressure tanks, this test consists of opening a
two-inch main drain at the storage tank or at any sprinkler system that, in turn, causes operation of the
Standard 104
11
water supply and the pumping system. Valves between the water supply and the distribution system
shall be inspected to verify that they are fully open. For ground gravity fed and underground storage
tanks, the flow test is conducted in conjunction with fire pump flow tests.
Water level of storage tanks shall be observed and filled, if required. Tank overflow shall be conducted
annually.
Heating systems shall be tested to verify that they are in operating condition.
5.6
Centrifugal Fire Pumps (contractor conducted)
5.6.1
General
Equipment maintenance shall be performed for all fire pump installations.
The purpose of the fire pump maintenance is to:
-
Determine that the fire pump will perform in accordance with or in excess of the manufacturer’s
certified characteristic curve.
Verify that the fire pump will operate properly when needed.
Determine that the supplemental features are operable as follows:
a.
Power supply (electricity, fuel)
b.
Controllers
c.
Drivers (motors, engines)
Accessories (relief valves, priming sources, flexible coupling, alarms, interlocks, ect.
d.
Suction supplies and strainers
e.
Fire pump house (construction, heat, lighting, access, ventilation, sprinkler protection,
etc.)
Manufacturer’s procedure manuals and NFPA No. 20 shall be reviewed prior to each test.
The fire pump manufacturer’s representative in conjunction with the installing contractor is responsible
for conducting equipment maintenance tests and to demonstrate that the installation is satisfactory.
Insurance carrier representatives shall be available for all fire pump flow tests.
Fire pump results shall be compared step-by-step with the certified fire pump curve during the test and
discrepancies noted.
Owner representatives shall be informally advised of the fire pump test results when the test is
performed.
5.6.1.1 Summary of Fire Pump Testing and Maintenance
ITEM
Pump System
Lubricate pump bearings
Check pump shaft end play
Check accuracy of pressure gauges and sensors
Check pump coupling alignment
Mechanical Transmission
Lubricate coupling
Lubricate right-angle gear drive
Electrical System
Exercise isolating switch and circuit breaker
Trip circuit breaker (if mechanism provided)
Operate manual starting means (electrical)
Inspect and operate emergency manual
starting means (without power)
Tighten electrical connections as necessary
Lubricate mechanical moving parts
(excluding starters and relays)
Standard 104
ACTIVITY
FREQUENCY
Change
Check
Check
Check
Annually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Change
Change
Annually
Annually
Test
Test
Test
Semiannually
Annually
Semiannually
Visual Inspection Test
Check
Annually
Annually
Check
Annually
12
Calibrate pressure switch settings
Grease motor bearings
Diesel Engine System
Fuel
Tank Level
Tank float switch
Solenoids valve operation
Strainer, filter, or dirt leg, or combination thereof
Water and foreign material in tank
Water in system
Flexible hoses and connectors
Tank vents and overflow piping unobstructed
Piping
Lubrication System
Oil level
Oil change
Oil filter(s)
Lube oil heater
Crankcase breather
Cooling System
Level
Antifreeze protection level
Antifreeze
Adequate cooling water to heat exchanger
Rod out heat exchanger
Water pump(s)
Condition of flexible hoses and connections
Jacket water heater
Inspect duct work, clean louvers (combustion air)
Water Strainer
Exhaust System
Leakage
Drain condensate trap
Insulation and fire hazards
Excessive back pressure
Exhaust system hangers and supports
Flexible exhaust section
Battery System
Remove corrosion, case exterior clean and cry
Specific gravity or state of charge
Charger and charge rate
Equalize charge
Electrical System
General Inspection
Tighten control and power wiring connections
Wire chafing where subject to movement
Operation of safeties and alarms
Boxes, panels and cabinets
Circuit breakers or fuses
Circuit breakers or fuses
Check
Change
Annually
Annually
Check gauge operation
Visual Inspection Test
Visual Inspection Test
Clean
Clean
Check/Clean
Visual Inspection
Check/Test
Visual Inspection
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Visual Inspection/Check
Change
Change
Check
Visual Inspection/Change/Test
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Visual Inspection/Check
Test
Change
Check
Clean
Visual Inspection
Visual Inspection/Check
Check
Visual Inspection/Check/Change
Clean
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Visual Inspection/Check
Check
Visual Inspection
Test
Visual Inspection
Visual Inspection
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Visual Inspection/Change
Test
Visual Inspection
Check
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Visual Inspection
Check
Visual Inspection/Check
Check/Test
Clean
Visual Inspection/Check
Clean
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
5.6.1.2 Summary of Water Storage Tank Testing and Maintenance
ITEM
Water Storage Tank
Condition of water in tank
Water temperature
Heating system
Control valves
Water - level
Air pressure
Standard 104
ACTIVITY
FREQUENCY
Check
Check
Check
Check
Check
Check
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
13
Tank - exterior
Check valves
Temperature alarms
High-temperature limit switches
Water level alarms
Level indicators
Pressure gauges
Thermostats
Cathodic protection
5.6.2
Check
Check
Check
Check
Check
Check
Check
Check
Check
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Semiannually
Measurements
Fire pump speed shall be measured with an accurate speed indicator. Direct reading digital tachometers
or stroboscopic speed indicators can be used to record fire pump speed.
If a contact-type speed indicator is used, a plug or cap is removed from the end of the fire pump casing
so that the speed indicator can contact the end of the fire pump shaft. Any oil or grease on the end of the
shaft shall be removed before the speed device is inserted. When using a revolution-counter (for fire
pumps 2,500 RPM and over) take a reading for two minutes and divide by two to determine the oneminute measurement. This minimizes starting and stopping timing errors.
Calibrated pressure gauges shall be used during the test and shall be checked against the gauges that are
installed on the fire pump.
Test headers are provided for fire pump tests. A separate 2½-inch outlet is required for every 250 GPM
rating of the fire pump. Lengths of 2½-inch hose with straight bore nozzles (Underwriters’ Play Pipes)
are attached and firmly supported. It may be feasible to attach the straight bore nozzle directly to each
outlet of the test header if water damage can be prevented. Water is flowed through nozzles and
measured by use of a Pitot gauge.
Pitot pressure, size of outlet, outlet coefficient, fire pump intake pressure, fire pump outlet pressure and
fire pump speed shall be tested and recorded. These tests are repeated and recorded for each of the
flows. Results of the tests are plotted on a special graph commonly known as N 1.85 paper and compared
with the manufacturer’s fire pump test curve and the requirements of NFPA No. 20, “Standard for the
Installation of Centrifugal Fire Pumps.”
5.6.3
Annual Flow Test Procedures
Flow tests shall be conducted from the fire pump test header with the discharge valve to the site
underground fire main piping being closed. This arrangement will prevent unwanted conditions such as
blowing-out of pipe in the site underground fire main. Impairment procedures shall be followed in
accordance with insurance company policy.
It is critical that the alignment of the flexible coupling between the fire pump and the driver be checked
annually.
Discharge and suction pressure for a horizontal fire pump shall be read at gauges located at the
centerline of the fire pump on the casing.
Vertical turbine fire pump discharge pressure is recorded from a gauge located at the discharge head
fitting.
5.6.4
Power Supply
5.6.4.1 Over-current Protection
Standard 104
14
5.6.4.1.1 Fire Pump Controller
The circuit breaker shall be inspected to verify that the breaker meets the following specifications:
-
The continuous current rating shall be at least 115 percent of the fire pump motor’s rated fullload current as shown on the nameplate of the over-current device.
The interrupting capacity shall be equal to or greater than the maximum fault-current possible at
the location of the breaker, as determined by the manufacturer.
The instantaneous trip setting shall be at least 12 times the full-load current rating of the fire
pump motor.
This setting is shown on the nameplate of the over-current device. An instantaneous trip setting as high
as this is necessary because of the “spike” or current surge when the motor attempts to start at the peak
of the current cycle.
-
The overload trip mechanism shall be set at 300 percent of the motor full-load current. At
locked-rotor current (about 600 percent of the motor full-load current), the circuit breaker must
trip in 8 to 20 seconds. This setting is shown on the nameplate of the over-current device.
Direct current motors shall have circuit breakers that will trip instantaneously at or above 400 percent of
the motor full-load current. This protects the motor insulation against heat generated in an extended
lock-rotor condition.
5.6.4.1.2 Fire Pump Feeder Circuit
Fuses, if used, shall have:
-
-
A continuous current rating equal to or greater than the sum of the full-load current of the fire
pump room accessories and the rated lock-rotor current(s) of the fire pump motor(s) (600
percent of the full-load current) if they operate off the same feed.
Interrupting capacity equal to or greater than the maximum fault current possible at the location
of the fuses as determined by a qualified electrical engineer.
A locked panel door to ensure non-tampering by unauthorized persons.
A circuit breaker, if used, shall have:
-
-
5.6.5
The breaker shall have an instantaneous trip only. It shall not have an “over-load” trip
mechanism.
The continuous current rating equal to or greater than the sum of the full-load current of the fire
pump room accessories and the rated lock-rotor current(s) of the fire pump motor(s) (600
percent of the full-load current) if they operate off the same feed.
Interrupting capacity equal to or greater than the maximum fault current possible at the location
of the breaker.
The instantaneous trip setting shall be at least 12 times the full load current rating of the fire
pump motor. An instantaneous trip setting as high as this is necessary because “spikes” or
current surges may occur if the motor(s) attempts to start at the peak of the current cycle. This
is considerably above the calculated trip setting, but is accessible because it is intended for short
circuit protection on the feeder conductors where a short circuit can draw current in excess of
this value. This setting is shown on the nameplate of the over-current device.
A locked panel door to ensure non-tampering by unauthorized persons.
Any manual disconnect switches shall be in a locked box or locked in the closed position
Motor and Diesel Engine
5.6.5.1 Electric Motor
Motors shall operate smoothly without excessive vibration.
Voltage shall not exceed 110 percent of the motor’s rated voltage and shall not drop more than 5 percent
below the motor’s rated voltage when the fire pumps are being driven at rated conditions while the
conductors between the power station(s) and motors are carrying peak loads.
Standard 104
15
The “running” timer shall be set for approximately one-minute per ten horsepower to allow the motor
windings to cool.
When operating at peak electrical load (about 140 to 150 percent of the flow capacity) the fire pump
shall be shut down and then restarted. The “in-rush” motor current will be the same as when cold, but be
of greater duration since the fire pump will come up to speed more slowly.
Motors used above an altitude of 3,300 feet shall be de-rated according to altitude.
manufacturer for information.
Consult the
5.6.5.2 Diesel Engine
The flow of the fire pump may not adequately test the engine. After the fire pump has been flow-tested
satisfactorily, water flow shall be adjusted for peak power requirement (about 140 to 150 percent
capacity), and allowed to run for 15 to 20 minutes to demonstrate that the engine will not overheat under
this condition. Cooling water shall be arranged to discharge to a safe location with no possibility of
flooding the fire pump room even during a power failure.
After the engine has operated for approximately 30 minutes (for the flow test), it shall be started and
stopped 10 times in succession to test both manual and automatic operation.
The engine-speed governor shall be adjusted and secured to maintain fire pump load, or approximately
140 to 150 percent of the rated fire pump capacity. The governor must control the speed with no more
than a 10 percent variation between maximum fire pump load and shut-off condition (churn).
The overspeed governor shall be set at approximately 120 percent of the rated fire pump speed. When
possible, check this setting by operating the engine above rated speed. It is important that the setting is
high enough to prevent shutdown of the engine during start-up. This device must be reset manually after
each over-speed shutdown.
Diesel engines shall be wired to not shut down automatically when they over-heat or when the
lubricating oil pressure is low. Warning alarms indicating these conditions shall be provided.
Fuel supply tanks shall have a capacity at least equal to one (1) gallon per horsepower, plus five (5)
percent for volume expansion and shall be dedicated to the fire pump diesel engine. Tanks shall be
inspected for leaks and to verify that the diesel fuel level is full. Multiple diesel fire pump installations
shall have individual fuel tank supplies.
5.6.6
Accessories
The installation and setting of the main relief valve shall conform to NFPA No. 20. To prevent
overheating, a circulation relief valve adjusted to open at approximately 5 PSI below the minimum shutoff (churn) pressure, or suction at the lowest point, is needed to provide a small water flow through the
fire pump when it is operating with no other discharge.
A horizontal fire pump and driver require a flexible coupling and safety guard in the shaft between them
to compensate for any slight misalignment, and to provide shaft-end clearance to compensate for heat
induced shaft expansion. This is usually a simple loose pin coupling. NOTE: It is very important that
the alignment of this coupling be checked before conducting the annual flow test.
The fire pump shall be subject to at least one full hour of continuous operation to prove that bearings and
packing boxes are in good condition, and will not over-heat. Packing glands on horizontal fire pump
shafts shall be adjusted so that water drips freely or “runs” in a thin stream to cool, lubricate and provide
an air seal.
A fire pump shall not be operated when dry or unprimed, nor shall it be allowed to “churn” for more
than three to five minutes without water circulation. The closely fitted seal rings can overheat, and cause
damage to the fire pump.
Standard 104
16
Other accessories include:
5.6.7
Suction and discharge pressure gauges
Flanged type waste cone
Capacity nameplate
Control Panel Functions
All control panel functions shall be tested. If the fire pump house is not constantly attended, alarms shall
be transmitted to the on-site central supervision station (proprietary signaling system).
Typical alarms indicate:
-
-
Fire pump “running” (started)
Loss of operating electric power
Phase reversal on line side of the motor
Low fuel supply
Controller main switch in “off” or “manual” position
Engine trouble such as
Low lubricating oil pressure
High engine temperature
Failure of engine to start (over-crank)
Engine over-speed shutdown
High water temperature
Battery failure
Control valve tampering
Relief valve open
Fire pump room trouble (unauthorized entry)
Low temperature in fire pump room
Suction supply water level below normal
Suction supply water level near depletion
If these alarms have a common audible signal, each condition shall be visually shown (individually) at
the fire pump house controller, and at the on-site central supervision station.
5.6.8
Suction
Multiple fire pumps taking suction from a single water source shall be operated simultaneously at
maximum flow to verify that the fill pipes are unobstructed, and properly sized to maintain an adequate
water level.
5.6.9
Jockey (Pressure Maintenance) Pump
Jockey pumps are used to maintain a uniformly high pressure on the fire protection system to:
-
Assure high pressure on initially fused sprinklers.
Permit the fire pump to start at a high system pressure so that water hammer will be less likely
to occur.
Avoid frequent and unnecessary starting of fire pumps because of minor fluctuations in the
system pressure.
Prevent false alarms caused by surges in the public water supply.
Jockey pumps can be used for applications as small as an individual sprinkler system, or for an entire
underground system. The jockey pump shall be rated (capacity and pressure) to provide a flow
approximately twice the rate of anticipated or experienced leakage in the system at the pressure
corresponding to the “off” setting of the controller for the fire pump.
The jockey pump and controls arrangement shall be designed in accordance with NFPA No. 20.
Jockey pumps may be of either the centrifugal or positive displacement type.
Standard 104
17
To prevent over-pressurizing and damage the system, the maximum possible discharge pressure of the
jockey pump shall be less than the pressure rating of the system. A positive-displacement jockey pump
shall have a relief valve bypass (internal or external) that is set to prevent a pressure in excess of the
system rating.
5.6.10
Additional Criteria
-
-
Standard 104
Pressure shall not exceed the pressure rating of the system (usually 150-PSI).
The fire pump shall be arranged to start at a pressure close to its maximum possible discharge
pressure (as installed) to avoid water hammer.
The fire pump shall be arranged to start before sprinkler system pressure drops below designed
operating pressure.
The fire pump shall be arranged for automatic start and manual stop.
The jockey pump shall be arranged to start at a pressure above the starting pressure setting of
the fire pump (approximately 10-PSI) to prevent false starts of the fire pump.
A pressure differential between the “start” and “stop” settings of the jockey pump (10 to 15
PSI) is required to prevent unwanted fire pump motor/engine starts.
The controller for the jockey pump shall incorporate a running-period timer (set for
approximately 1 minute per 10 horsepower) to allow for cooling of the electric motors, unless it
can be determined that the normal “running” cycle will equal or exceed that period.
Weekly “run” criteria for fire pumps is
Ten (10) minutes – electric motor driven (normally fire pump is operated for one
minute per 10 horsepower rating of the motor.
Thirty (30) minutes – diesel engine driven
18
6.0
6.1
Sprinkler Systems
General
Equipment maintenance shall be conducted in the form of flow and pressure tests. A flow test involves
testing of all system components of a sprinkler system.
Satisfactory test results shall be recorded by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by the
Wackenhut Site Security Manager.
6.2
Flushing (as required)
All sprinkler system piping and lead-in connections shall be flushed to remove foreign material from
supply mains and branch lines. Flushing shall continue until the water flows clear. Care shall be
exercised during the flushing operation to assure that water flow will adequately drain without producing
water damage to property.
Flow rates, in accordance with the 2002 edition with NFPA No. 13, Table 10.10.2.1.3 are:
Flow Rate Required to Produce a Velocity of 10-fps (3 m/s) in Pipes
Pipe Size (in inches)
6.3
Pipe Size (mm) Gallons/Minute
Liters/Minute
4
102
390
1476
6
152
880
3331
8
203
1560
5905
10
254
2440
9235
12
305
3520
13323
System Waterflow Tests (annually)
Water flow tests shall be conducted for each sprinkler system to verify that the water supply and
sprinkler system piping are in operating condition. A two-inch main drain at the sprinkler riser acts as a
water supply test pipe by activating the system (opening the alarm or check valve).
System pressure shall be recorded by observing the system pressure gauge at the alarm or check valve.
Pressure on the system side of the alarm or check valve may be higher than that of the water supply
because any momentary high pressure on the supply will be transmitted to the system and retained by the
check valve. This excess pressure is relieved when a water flow test is conducted.
Residual pressure (below static pressure) shall be recorded by opening the two-inch main drain and
observing the system pressure gauge at the valve.
A flow test shall be conducted for each system.
Water supplies and systems shall be returned to service after testing is satisfactorily completed.
6.4
Sprinklers and Piping
A visual inspection shall be conducted of all sprinkler heads and piping to assure that they are properly
installed, not obstructed and that proper clearances from structural members are maintained per the 2002
edition of NFPA No. 13.
Piping shall be visually inspected to verify that nothing is supported from it.
Standard 104
19
Sprinklers shall not be obstructed by high piled stock storage, other materials, by partitions, or walls that
might prevent free and proper water distribution. A clear space of 18 inches is required between the topof-storage and sprinkler deflectors for storage up and equal to 12 feet. For storage above 12 feet and for
ESFR and Large Drop sprinkler systems, the minimum clear space shall be 36 inches.
Only new sprinklers shall be used for installation installed in accordance with this Standard. Ensure that
previously installed sprinklers are not re-used for new installations. Observe the type of sprinkler, year
manufactured and date of installation.
Verify that all sprinklers are of the proper temperature rating and type for their intended use. Replace
upright sprinklers with upright sprinklers and pendent sprinklers with pendent sprinklers. Also, verify
orifice size and not just thread size.
Sprinklers shall be protected against coating of paint, excessive deposits or incrustations or corrosive
conditions should any of these conditions exist. Optional methods are:
Do not use thin bags over sprinklers in spray paint booths where high pressure water is used to clean the
booths.
Plastic Bags over sprinklers - 0.003-inch (0.076-mm) cellophane secured with rubber bands.
NFPA No. 13, (2002 edition) “Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Systems”, requires that
hydraulically designed sprinkler systems each have a permanent non-corrosive sign attached to the given
sprinkler riser that states the design criteria and system demand. Permanently marked on these signs will
be the location of the design area, discharge density and remote area, required flow and residual pressure
at BOR, occupancy class or commodity class, and hose demand system demand.
6.5
Dry Pipe Sprinkler Systems (conducted yearly by a contractor)
Maintenance tests for dry pipe systems consist of system operation (water-flow test) through use of the
inspector’s test connections.
Water flow tests shall be conducted for each dry pipe sprinkler system to verify that the water supply and
sprinkler system piping are in operating condition.
System pressure shall be observed at the alarm valve pressure gauge.
Verify that the proprietary signaling station is notified within 60 seconds. Silence alarms when tests are
completed.
Water supplies and systems shall be returned to service after testing is satisfactorily completed.
Quick opening devices shall be provided and shall be functional to boost air release from system piping
to lessen time between valve trip and water discharging from the inspector’s test connection. These are
usually required for dry pipe system with an interior pipe capacity (volume) of 500 gallons or more.
6.6
Pre-action/Deluge Sprinkler Systems (contractor)
Pre-action and deluge systems are designed to protect properties where danger of water damage exists as
a result of automatic sprinkler system damage. Deluge systems are used when high water volume
sprinkler system is required.
Deluge systems differ from pre-action systems in that deluge systems have open sprinkler heads, and
pre-action systems have closed sprinklers heads. Both types of systems are operated by an automatic
detection system.
The principle difference between a pre-action and a standard dry pipe system is that in a pre-action
system, the water supply valve is actuated not by air release, but actuated independently by operation of
an automatic fire detection system. The valve can also be operated manually.
Maintenance tests for pre-action and deluge systems consist of testing the detection system, valve
solenoid, flushing, and main drain test.
Standard 104
20
Water flow tests shall be conducted for each pre-action/deluge sprinkler system to verify that the water
supply and sprinkler system piping are in operating condition.
System pressure shall be observed at the alarm valve pressure gauge.
Verify that the proprietary signaling station is notified. Silence alarms when tests are completed.
Water supplies and systems shall be returned to service after testing is satisfactorily completed.
Standard 104
21
7.0
7.1
High Speed Water Spray (Deluge) Systems
General (conducted annually by contractor)
High Speed Water Spray systems are used for high volume water-flow requirements in high hazard
areas. Water Spray systems are used to protect spray paint booth operations where large quantities of
water are needed for fire suppression. NOTE: Water Spray systems are also used at openings in
firewalls where fire doors can not be installed.
High Speed Water Spray nozzles are open and water flows from all nozzles when the control valve is
opened.
The control valve is opened as a result of a fire detection system. CFS No. 101 requirement is to use
optical infrared detectors (IR3) instead of ultraviolet (UV) detection. Water is applied in a designated
pattern, velocity, particle size and density, using special nozzles that generally provide a solid cone of
water to a precisely defined area.
High-Speed Water Spray (Deluge) systems differ from a standard deluge sprinkler systems. High Speed
Water Spray systems have open, high volume, nozzles that distribute water in a denser water curtain
pattern and standard deluge sprinkler systems have open sprinkler heads that distribute water in a more
conventional pattern, satisfying other design criteria. Both types of systems are operated by an
automatic fire (or smoke) detection system.
Functional and flow tests shall be performed on all operating systems including the detection system,
valve solenoid, automatic shutdown of equipment, flushing, and main drain test.
A flow test shall be conducted to flush the system using down commers. When more than one system
operates in the event of fire in a given fire zone, all systems shall be simultaneously flow tested.
Satisfactory test results shall be provided by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by the
Wackenhut Site Security Manager.
7.2
Flushing (as required)
All sprinkler system underground piping and lead-in connections shall be flushed to remove foreign
material from supply mains and branch lines. Flushing shall continue until the water flows clear. Care
shall be exercised during the flushing operation to assure that water flow will adequately drain without
producing water damage to property.
Flow rates, in accordance with the 2002 edition of NFPA No. 13, Table 10.10.2.1.3 are:
Flow Rate required to produce a velocity of 10 fps (3 m/s) in pipes
Pipe Size (in inches)
7.3
Pipe Size (mm)
Gallons/Minute
Liters/Minute
4
102
390
1476
6
152
880
3331
8
203
1560
5905
10
254
2440
9235
12
305
3520
13323
Fire Detection Systems (conducted semi annually by contractor)
Ultraviolet (UV) and Infrared (IR) detectors are flame detectors that sense UV or IR radiation
(wavelengths) from a fire source.
Standard 104
22
A functional test shall be performed on all Fire Detection systems and shall be comprised of the
Detection System Checkout Procedure and testing of Optical Integrity and Detection Module Response
to UV and IR Radiation.
7.4
System Water flow Tests
Water flow tests shall be conducted for each High-Speed Water Spray (Deluge) system to verify that the
water supply, and High-Speed Water Spray system piping are in operating condition using down
commers.
The proprietary signaling station shall be notified and all alarms silenced when tests are conducted.
Water supplies and systems shall be returned to service after testing is satisfactorily completed.
7.5
Water Spray Nozzles and Piping
A visual inspection shall be conducted of all (Bete) nozzles and piping to assure that they are properly
installed, not obstructed, and proper clearances from structural members are maintained in accordance
with latest edition of NFPA No. 13.
Piping shall be visually inspected to verify that nothing is supported from it.
Hangers shall be properly supported in accordance with the latest edition of NFPA No. 13. Observe
whether sprinkler piping is used to support stock, clothing, etc. Fire protection piping shall not be used
for such purposes.
Observe nozzles to be certain they are positioned in accordance with their intended use.
7.6
Protected Areas
Paint spray booth zones are protected by IR 3 optical fire detectors connected to High-Speed Water Spray
(Deluge) systems and a gaseous agent system such as carbon dioxide or HFC-227ea (FM-200).
7.7
Proprietary Products
The following products shall be exclusively used for their respective services in accordance with this
Standard:
Equipment
Manufacturer
Cla-Valve
Model #7100KH
Cla-Val Company
Bete Nozzle
TF Series
Bete Nozzle, Inc.
IR3 Detector
X-3301A21W1
Model FS-10CS, X3301A
Detector Electronics/Detronics (Preferred Unit)
Fire Sentry, Detector Electronics
IR Fiber Optical Detector
Model PM9-SBE
Detector Electronics/Dual Spectrum
Detector Control Panel
Eagle Quantum
Intelliscan III/Cheetah/Cheetah Xi
Fenwalnet 2000
AFP 400
Standard 104
Detector Electronics/Detronics (Preferred Unit)
Fike Corporation
Fenwall Corporation
Notifier Corporation
23
7.7.1
Material Legend for Cla-Valves
Removed
Standard 104
24
8.0
8.1
Foam Water Sprinkler Systems (AFFF)
General
Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF) water sprinkler systems are used to provide fire suppression for
flammable liquids operation and storage areas. Standard sprinkler heads are used with AFFF systems, as
aspiration of air to form bubbles is not required, unlike mechanical foam. A foam proportioning system
is used to inject the foam concentrate into the water supply. For a specified period of time (10 minutes),
after the supply of foam concentrate is exhausted, the system will continue to discharge water.
Heat detectors generally activate systems, but other types of detectors or manual activation can be used.
Foam-water sprinkler systems are used principally for protecting flammable liquid hazards, such as
flammable liquid handling and storage, and spray paint operations.
Equipment maintenance shall be conducted in the form of flow and pressure tests.
Satisfactory test results shall be recorded by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by the
Wackenhut Site Security Manager.
A Test Form is provided in this Standard.
8.2
Flushing (as required)
All sprinkler system piping and lead-in connections shall be flushed to remove foreign material from
supply mains and branch lines. Flushing shall continue until the water “runs” clear. Care shall be
exercised during the flushing operation to assure that water flow will adequately drain without producing
water damage to property.
Flow rates, in accordance with the latest edition of NFPA No. 13, Table 10.10.2.1.3, are:
Flow Rate required to produce a velocity of 10 fps (3 m/s) in pipes
Pipe Size (in inches)
8.3
Pipe Size (mm)
Gallons/Minute
Liters/Minute
4
102
390
1476
6
152
880
3331
8
203
1560
5905
10
254
2440
9235
12
305
3520
13323
System Waterflow Tests
Water flow tests shall be conducted for each AFFF sprinkler system to verify that the water supply and
sprinkler system piping are in operating condition.
System pressure shall be recorded by observing the system pressure gauge at the alarm or check valve.
A flow test shall be conducted for each system.
The proprietary signaling station shall be notified and all alarms silenced when tests are conducted.
Water supplies and systems shall be returned to service after testing is satisfactorily completed.
Standard 104
25
8.4
Sprinklers and Piping
A visual inspection shall be conducted of all sprinkler heads and piping to assure that they are properly
installed, not obstructed and that proper clearances from structural members are maintained per NFPA
#13.
Piping shall be visually inspected to verify that nothing is supported from it.
Sprinklers shall not be obstructed by high piled stock storage, other materials, by partitions, or walls that
might prevent free and proper water distribution. A clear space of 18 inches is required between the topof-storage and sprinkler deflectors for storage up and equal to 12 feet.
A supply of extra sprinklers in a sprinkler cabinet shall be provided so that any sprinkler that has
operated (fused) or has been damaged may be promptly replaced. Sprinkler shall correspond in type and
temperature rating to the sprinklers in the protected area.
Proportioning devices and strainers shall be inspected after operation of AFFF systems.
Foam concentrate shall be tested to verify the quality of concentration in solution.
Standard 104
26
9.0
9.1
Gaseous Agent Fixed Fire Systems
General (contractor)
Equipment maintenance shall be performed in the form of a functional test for all HFC-227ea (FM-200),
ECARO, Carbon Dioxide (high and low-pressure) systems and Wet/Dry Chemical systems including all
kitchen systems.
Functional testing involves testing of all system components, i.e. system control panel, power supply,
emergency power, detectors, time delay devices, alarm devices, selector valves, release devices for doors
and dampers, equipment shutdown and manual releases, without discharging the suppression agent
(control heads are removed prior to test). The functional test also includes an examination of the system
piping, nozzles, and storage cylinders.
9.1.1
Additional Equipment
A gaseous agent system abort station may be located inside the main door. HFC-227ea (FM-200)
discharge may be delayed by pushing in and HOLDING the “dead-person” abort button. Pushing in the
abort button recycles the time delay period (30 to 60 seconds) is obtained once the push button is
released. The near by telephone shall be tested.
Manual pull station operation (electric) causes the system to discharge immediately, and activates the
“Manual Activated” and “Discharged” lights. The pulsed horn signal will sound indicating a gaseous
agent discharge.
Manual pull stations shall be inspected to be readily accessible and accurately identified. Manual pull
stations shall always over-ride abort switches.
A pressure operated switch for manual shutdown of computer power and HVAC is located at cylinder
bank and connected to system piping. The stem on top of the switch shall be pushed up to operate and
pushed down to the normal position to restore power.
9.1.2
Protected Areas
Gaseous agent fire protection shall be provided in the following areas:
-
Paint Mix Room(s)
Paint Conveyor Control Room
Computer Control Room – Paint Mix Room
Flammable Liquid Storage Room
High Voltage Paint Change Cabinets
Turbo-Bells
Dyno cells
Engine Test Cells
Pits containing hydraulic oil under pressure
Machining operations requiring secondary protection
Wet/Dry Chemical fire protection shall be provided in the following areas:
Kitchen Cooking Hoods
Kitchen Cooking ductwork
Kitchen Cooking surfaces
The installed systems shall meet UL300 Standards and be so listed.
Standard 104
27
9.2
Gaseous Agent
9.2.1
General
Equipment Maintenance shall be conducted in the form of a functional test for all gaseous agent systems.
A functional test involves testing all functions of all systems, i.e. the system control panel, power supply,
emergency power, detectors, time delay devices, alarm devices, selector valves, release devices for doors
and dampers, equipment shutdown and manual releases without discharging gaseous agent. The
functional test also includes an examination of the system piping, nozzles, and agent storage cylinders.
Personnel trained in the function of the system shall perform all functional tests.
One detector places the gaseous agent system into the alarm mode (without agent discharge). Two
detectors on a separate zone (cross-zone or counting zone) or a manual pull station operate to actuate
system discharge. Cross-zone is when two detectors, each on a separate circuit, operate to actuate agent
discharge. Counting zone is when two detectors, on the same circuit, operate to actuate agent discharge.
Detectors or manual pull stations initiate a signal to the control panel. The control panel sends a
discharge signal to the discharge control valves (heads)
Satisfactory test results shall be provided by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by the
Wackenhut Site Security Manager.
9.2.2
Inspection
The protected enclosure shall be inspected as follows:
-
The room and openings that are automatically closed upon system actuation shall be in normal
operating condition.
Ceiling tiles must be installed and clipped in-place.
Agent and containers shall be inspected as follows:
-
Storage material shall not obstruct access to agent storage containers
Containers and mounting brackets shall be securely fastened in accordance with manufacturer’s
requirements.
The amount of agent in storage containers shall be determined.
The electrical system shall be inspected as follows:
-
-
Wiring systems shall be installed in compliance with local codes, insurance agencies, and
system design drawings.
Field circuitry shall be tested for ground fault and “short” circuit condition.
All auxiliary functions, including sounding of an alarm, damper and door closer actuation,
remote annunciation, HVAC shutdown and equipment shutdown, shall be inspected for proper
operation in accordance with system requirements.
Manual pull operation and protective cover
For systems with a main/reserve cylinder bank, the main/reserve switch shall be tested, readily
accessible and clearly identified.
A door fan test is needed whenever modifications are made to the room such that the integrity of the
sealing is disturbed. NOTE: Specifications shall state which contractor shall be responsible for making
repairs to the room if the door fan test fails.
9.2.3
System Operations
System operation shall be performed in the form of a functional test (without release of gaseous agent)
into the area).
Standard 104
28
Activation of any one (1) detector on the ceiling or in the under-floor of the protected area will cause the
following to occur:
-
The pre-alarm bell (horn) will ring (sound) and signal the building fire alarm system.
The “First zone” lamp on the control panel will illuminate.
The auxiliary first detector relay will activate. Door holders will release doors.
The activated smoke detector has its L.E.D. lit bright red (steady). The corresponding light on
the graphic annunciator that the detector is in alarm.
Upon verifying the cause of the alarm, the audible alarm may be silenced by momentarily
operating the “System Alarm Silence” switch.
After an alarm test, the system shall be reset.
Activation of a second detector or “Second Zone” detector on the ceiling or in the under-floor of the
protected area will cause the following to occur:
-
The alarm bell (horn) will ring (sound) and the warning strobe lights will activate (unless
previously silenced during the first alarm) and signal the building fire alarm system.
The “Second Zone” alarm light will illuminate.
Control/Computer equipment will shutdown.
HVAC will shutdown.
Dampers will close.
The gaseous agent will discharge after a preset time delay of 15-20 seconds
9.3
Carbon Dioxide
9.3.1
General (contractor)
Equipment Maintenance shall be conducted in the form of a functional test for all Carbon Dioxide
systems. A functional test involves testing all functions of all systems, i.e. the system control panel,
power supply, emergency power, detectors, time delay devices, alarm devices, selector valves, release
devices for doors and dampers, equipment shutdown and manual releases without discharging Carbon
Dioxide (control heads are removed prior to test). ). The functional test also includes an examination of
the system piping, nozzles, and Carbon Dioxide storage cylinders, pneumatic time delay and sirens.
Personnel trained in the function of the system shall perform all functional tests.
Satisfactory test results shall be provided by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by the
Wackenhut Site Security Manager. Contractor will be responsible for providing and using any exhaust
equipment needed to exhaust or dilute carbon dioxide gas after the test.
9.3.2
Inspection
The protected enclosure shall be inspected as follows:
-
The room and openings that are automatically closed upon system actuation shall be in normal
operating condition.
Ceiling tiles must be installed and clipped in-place.
Agent and containers shall be inspected as follows:
-
Storage material shall not obstruct access to agent storage containers
Containers and mounting brackets shall be securely fastened in accordance with manufacturer’s
requirements.
The amount of agent in storage containers shall be determined.
The electrical system shall be inspected as follows:
Standard 104
Wiring systems shall be installed in compliance with local codes, insurance agencies, and
system design drawings.
Field circuitry shall be tested for ground fault and “short” circuit condition.
29
-
9.3.3
All auxiliary functions, including sounding of an alarm, damper and door closer actuation,
remote annunciation, HVAC shutdown and equipment shutdown, shall be inspected for proper
operation in accordance with system requirements.
For systems with a main/reserve cylinder bank, the main/reserve switch shall be tested, readily
accessible and clearly identified.
Manual pull operation and protective cover
System Operations
System operation shall be performed in the form of a functional test (without release of Carbon Dioxide
into the area). Cylinder heads shall be removed prior to this test.
Activation of any one (1) detector on the ceiling or in the under-floor of the protected area will cause the
following to occur:
-
9.3.4
The pre-alarm bell (horn) will ring (sound) and signal the building fire alarm system.
The “Zone” lamp on the control panel will illuminate.
Door holders will release doors.
HVAC will shutdown.
Dampers will close.
Equipment/fuel supply will shut down.
The indicating light for the activated detector will illuminate at the control panel The
corresponding light on the graphic annunciator, if applicable, will light indicating that the
detector is in alarm mode
After a pre-determined time delay (30 to 60 seconds), the system (zoned selector valve if low
pressure carbon dioxide) will discharge.
Upon verifying the cause of the alarm, the audible alarm may be silenced by momentarily
operating the “System Alarm Silence” switch.
After an alarm test, the system shall be reset.
High Pressure Storage
High-pressure containers (cylinders) are designed to store liquid carbon dioxide at atmospheric
temperature. Since maximum pressure in the cylinder is 800 to 1,000 PSI for carbon dioxide at ambient
temperature, the container shall be designed to withstand maximum expected pressure.
Storage cylinders are designed, tested and filled to U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT)
specifications. The maximum permitted filling density is equal to 68% of the weight of water that the
container can hold at 60 degree Fahrenheit. Cylinders are fitted with an internal dip tube so that liquid
will be discharged from the bottom when the cylinder is upright and the valve is opened.
Abnormally low storage temperatures would adversely affect the rate of discharge. For this reason,
storage temperature below 0°F for total flooding systems or below 32°F for local application systems are
not permitted.
9.3.5
Low Pressure Storage
Low-pressure storage tanks are pressure vessels with a designed working pressure of approximately 300PSI. Storage tanks are maintained at a temperature of approximately 0°F by use of insulation and
mechanical refrigeration. At this temperature, the pressure is approximately 300 PSI. A compressor,
controlled by a pressure switch in the tank, circulates refrigerant through the coils near the top of the
tank. Tank pressure is controlled by condensation of carbon dioxide vapors by the coils. In the event
refrigeration fails, pressure relief valves bleed off some vapors to keep the pressure within safe limits.
This permits some of the liquid to evaporate; creating a self-refrigerating effect that keeps the emergency
loss rate at a low level.
With low-pressure storage, it is common practice to protect multiple hazards from one central storage
tank. Opening and closing the discharge (selector) valves using a preset timed sequence controls the
quantity of carbon dioxide discharged in a protected area. Central storage tanks may have capacities
ranging from less than one ton to one hundred tons. For large protected areas, the distance between the
hazard and storage could be as much as several hundred feet.
Standard 104
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9.3.6
Extended Discharge
An extended discharge of carbon dioxide is used when an enclosure is not tight enough to retain an
extinguishing concentration as long as it is needed. The extended discharge is discharged at a reduced
rate following the initial discharge used to develop the extinguishing concentration (within a two-minute
time frame). The reduced rate of discharge shall be a function of the leakage rate (calculated by leakage
area), or the flow rate, through ventilation ducts that cannot be shut down.
Extended discharge is particularly applicable to enclosed rotating electrical equipment such as
generators, where it is difficult to prevent leakage until rotation stops. Extended discharge can be
applied to ordinary total flooding systems as well as to local application systems where a small spot may
require prolonged cooling.
9.3.7
Hand Held Hose Lines
Chrysler LLC does not utilize hand held lines at any US facility.
9.4
Wet/Dry Chemical Systems (contractor)
9.4.1
General
Wet chemical systems shall meet the new UL 300 Standard.
Equipment Maintenance shall be performed in the form of a functional test for all Wet/Dry Chemical
systems (without release of the wet/dry chemical into the area). Cylinder heads shall be removed prior
to this test. A functional test involves testing of all system components of the chemical system.
Satisfactory test results shall be provided by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by
Wackenhut Site Security Manager.
9.4.2
Functional Tests
Functional testing and inspection shall be performed on all system components without discharging
chemical agent.
Shut-off valves and switches shall be tested to ensure their operability in conjunction with system
operation.
Piping and nozzles shall be inspected to assure proper types and location.
Operate pressure switches and auxiliary equipment that is connected to the system control panel/box and
the cooking equipment power supply shutoff. Auxiliary equipment includes:
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9.4.3
Remote Manual Pull Station
Mechanical Gas shut-off Valve(s)
Electric Gas shut-off Valve(s)
Electrical Switch(s)
Pressure Switch(s)
Building Fire Alarm
Manual Release dual action`
A “STRIKE” button is a manual release device and is located on the face of the mechanical release
mechanism.
A remote manual pull station allows the system to be manually operated at some point distant from the
release mechanism. The manual pull station shall be installed at a height convenient for the manual
operation and located in the exit path. The manual pull station becomes either a primary or secondary
source of manual actuation depending on accessibility of the “STRIKE” button on the face of the release
mechanism (which is sometimes acceptably inaccessible).
Standard 104
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Manual pull stations shall be located within 25 feet of the release mechanism. The maximum number of
pulley elbows that may be used per system is twelve.
(NOTE: There is a new class of fire known as a Class ‘K’. The agent is electrically conductive and
therefore, it is critical that the total flooding agent discharge (and shut off electrical power) before
anyone discharges a portable Class ‘K’ extinguisher. A Class ‘K’ unit shall be provided in the
kitchen area only if required by the local AHJ)
Standard 104
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10.0
10.1
Detection Systems
General (contractor)
Equipment maintenance shall be performed in the form of a functional test on all fire detection and
alarm systems. A functional test involves testing of all system components of a detection system.
The testing contractor shall certify that all tests have been successfully completed.
Satisfactory test results shall be provided by the testing contractor and shall be maintained by the
Wackenhut Site Security Manager.
10.2
Fire Alarm Control Panel
All control equipment shall be tested to verify operability of its intended function.
-
-
A visual inspection on all cable terminals, plug interconnections, plug-in circuit components,
lamps, sockets and controls to establish that their mechanical and electrical connections and
mounting are as required for intended function and where applicable, to confirm the electrical
supervision of the equipment.
All control unit functions shall be operated to verify appropriate response.
All lamps and indicators shall be tested.
Simulation of open circuits, short circuits and ground faults shall be performed on all relevant
circuits in order to confirm the appropriate electrical supervisory responses.
10.3
Detectors
10.3.1
Smoke Detectors
Smoke detectors are of two types; i.e., ionization and photoelectric. The only difference between the two
detectors is their method of operation (ionization detects an ionized atmosphere and photoelectric detects
a clouded photoelectric cell). Testing method is identical for both types of smoke detectors.
All smoke detectors are tested in the same manner. This test consists of spraying a smoke detector test
aerosol into the detector chamber. Each detector has a self-contained light that illuminates flashes or
loses illumination when the detector operates.
10.3.2
Heat Detectors
Heat detectors are of three types; i.e., fixed temperature, rate-of-rise, and rate compensated. Fixed
temperature detectors operate when the temperature of the operating element reaches a specified point.
Rate-of-Rise detectors operate when the rate of temperature increase exceeds a pre-determined level.
Rate compensated detectors operate when the temperature of the surrounding air reaches a predetermined level, regardless of the rate of temperature rise.
Heat detectors are tested by the application of heat (hair dryer) or by being “short” circuited.
Rate-of –Rise and rate compensation (heat) detectors can be tested using a hair dryer or shielded heat
lamp.
The following inspections shall be conducted on all installed equipment:
-
Standard 104
For damage or tampering that may interfere with its intended operation.
For functionality to ensure that it will function as intended under emergency operating
conditions.
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10.3.3
UV or UV/IR or IR/IR Flame Detection Systems
Ultraviolet (UV) and Infrared (IR) detectors are flame detectors that sense UV or IR radiation
(wavelengths) from a fire source.
A functional test shall be performed on all UV and UV/IR and IR/IR detection systems. The functional
test shall be comprised of the detection system checkout procedure and testing of optical integrity and
detector module responses to UV and IR radiation.
The Automatic Optical Integrity feature checks the controller and all detectors in all zones
approximately once every second. This monitors the system for faults that may occur, including wiring
between detectors and the controller.
10.3.4
Beam Smoke Detection Systems
A beam detector detects smoke through a transmitter that sends a beam of infrared light to a receiver.
The received signal is analyzed for loss of strength caused by smoke obscuration when smoke
obscuration exceeds a pre-set level.
A functional test shall be performed on all beam detection systems.
10.4
Initiating Devices
10.4.1
Manual Pull Stations dual action
Functional testing of manual pull stations consists of activating the station in the manner indicated on the
device. Movement of the switch causes a fire alarm to be transmitted to the fire alarm control panel.
Manual stations can have a pull/push mechanism or “break glass” feature that consists of a piece of glass
rod within the station. Upon activation of the device, it shall be reset. Protective covers must be
provided on all manual pulls.
10.4.2
Alarm Signaling Appliances
Alarm signaling appliances shall be activated to ensure that they function properly.
Audible Signal Appliances – The fire alarm system shall be tested on main power supply and standby
power supply with the maximum expected load on the system. Audible signal appliances shall operate
and shall be audible throughout the building with normal background noise present.
Visual Signal Appliances – the visual signal appliances shall function as intended and shall be clearly
visible from all points within the visual alarm area.
10.4.3
Voice Alarm Systems
The voice alarm system consists of a power supply, pre-amplifier, amplifier, loudspeakers, tape player,
tape and interconnecting wiring. Upon actuation of a fire alarm within the building, the tape player
sends a pre-recorded message over the voice fire alarm circuit.
The message is amplified and given to occupants through individual loudspeakers. Some voice alarm
systems use a live voice message spoken into a microphone at a central location instead of tape player.
Voice messages sometimes have pre-alert tones for drawing attention to the message that is to follow.
10.4.4
Power Supply
The primary and secondary power supply to the detection system shall be inspected to verify that:
-
Standard 104
Power supply is properly protected (fused).
Power supply is not vulnerable to unauthorized interruption.
Power supply is designed adequately to meet the code requirements of the system.
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-
-
Power for auxiliary devices is taken from a source separate from the fire alarm system control
panel source in such a way that a fault of an auxiliary device circuit shall not detrimentally
affect the fire alarm system power supply.
The breaker lock is inspected
Standby Power Supply (Batteries) shall be inspected to verify that they are:
-
Not damaged
Protected from accidental damage
Terminals are clean and lubricated
Terminals clamps are clean and tight
Provided with adequate ventilation
Connected to a properly fused charging circuit
Electrolyte (water) level and specific gravity are as specified by the manufacturer
Standby batteries of the rechargeable type shall be capable of operating the fire alarm system with the
charger input disconnected for one rated load cycle. A rated load cycle means the total energy consumed
by the maximum electrical supervisory current plus the trouble signal current for 24 hours followed by
the general alarm load for fifteen minutes.
The batteries are checked for 3 year replacement date
If engine driven generators act as the standby power supply, an inspection and test shall be made to
establish that the transfer to standby power functions properly and that the generator starts and exercises
itself without applying unacceptable voltages to control equipment.
Initiating devices shall be activated with the main power supply disconnected to verify operation of the
backup power supply.
10.4.5
Electrically Supervised Circuits
Electrical connections for each device shall be tested to ensure that disconnection of the device from the
circuit or improper wiring will activate the required electrical supervisory signals.
10.4.6
Auxiliary Equipment
Auxiliary equipment shall be inspected to verify that faults in the auxiliary equipment o no interfere with
the normal operation of the fire alarm system.
Operate manual pull stations and protective covers.
Operate every audible and visual signal appliance to verify proper operation and supervision.
The fire alarm system control panel shall be visually inspected to ensure that the control panel has not
been altered from its designed intent.
.
Standard 104
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11.0
11.1
Fire Doors
General (contractor)
Fire barriers, including doors, are passive fire protection elements installed to prevent exposure fires
from damaging equipment or structures in adjacent areas. For the barrier to be effective, all components
of the barrier must operate as designed. Failure of a fire door in a barrier will result in failure of the
barrier and, therefore, fire doors must operate properly. In addition, the door must be rated by U.L.
and/or FM, and labeled for the specific doorway in which it is installed.
Fire doors are of the overhead and swinging types. Overhead fire doors are used for large openings that
go beyond the practical limits of a swinging door.
Each fire door shall comply with the following criteria:
-
Standard 104
Fire doors and frames shall be labeled.
Fire door closer devices shall be labeled.
Fire doors shall be operational at all times.
Fire doors shall be closed and arranged for automatic operation (in operating condition) and
supervised.
Fire doors and frames shall not have any un-authorized holes.
Fire doors with automatic hardware shall be tested to verify that it is operable.
Fire doors shall be unobstructed so that they may open to gain access or egress from a zone.
Fire doors shall also be able to close and latch to maintain the intended fire barrier rating.
Fire doors shall be fully opened and allowed to be fully close and latch to verify that they are
operable.
Clearances between swinging fire doors and the frame or sill shall satisfy the following criteria:
- ¾” between door and non-combustible floor
- 1/8” between door and frame or between door and door
- 3/8” between floor and frame
A list of all fire rated doors shall be recorded and used for identification purposes
during inspections.
An inspection label shall be attached to the door frame for roll up and sliding fire
doors.
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12.0
12.1
Standpipe and Hose Systems
General
Standpipe systems provide fire hose connections located throughout a facility. A supply pipe (often
referred to as a riser) feeds standpipe connections.
For Class I standpipes, there is no attached fire hose. The 2½-inch valve shall be checked to make sure
it is not damaged, that it is readily accessible and that the protective caps are in place.
For Class II and III systems, hose cabinets are equipped with 2½-inch hose and nozzle. The hose shall
be visually inspected for damage. Hose shall be properly racked in the cabinet with the nozzle attached.
Hand tools to connect and disconnect fire hoses and nozzles shall be maintained within each cabinet.
Fire department connections shall be inspected to verify that they are readily accessible, that the inlets
are unobstructed and that the protective caps are in place.
Confirm that main water supply valves are locked .
Inspect piping of dry pipe systems for damage and corrosion. Check nozzles on Class II and III
standpipes to be sure that they can be easily opened and closed.
All hose connections shall be visually inspected to make sure no obstructions prevent attaching a hose
and to operating the valve. Hose threads shall be inspected for damage.
Hose (1 ½ inch) for Class II and III standpipes shall be removed and re-racked so that it will not
deteriorate at the bends. Different parts of the hose shall be located at the bends. Gaskets at the hose
connection shall also be checked for deterioration and replaced if necessary.
Lubricate the swing-out hose racks and/or hose reels so that they operate easily.
An inspection tag shall be attached to each Class II and III hose cabinet or information shall be recorded
on an inspection form, indicating the date of visual inspection and the date the hose was last re-racked.
A conspicuous sign shall be posted at each hose station indicating a fire hose station.
If any pressure reducing devices are used on the hose system they must be maintained per the
manufacturer recommendations.
Dry standpipes shall be hydrostatically tested every 5 years.
12.2
Classifications
Standpipe and fire hose systems have three classifications, based on intended use, as follows:
Class I
-
for use by fire department and those trained in handling heavy fire streams.
Standpipes for Class I service shall be provided with 2 ½ inch hose connections.
Class II
-
for use by building occupants.
Standpipes for Class II service shall be provided with 1 ½ inch hose connections and
fire hose.
Class III
-
for use by either fire department or building occupants.
Standpipes for Class III service shall be provided with both a 2-½ inch and a 1-½ inch
hose connection (reducer outlet) and fire hose.
Standard 104
37
13.0
13.1
Test Intervals
General
Fire Pumps
Dry Valve
Special Systems
Heat/Smoke Detection
Supply Tank
Fire Doors
Standard 104
Semi-Annual Service
Yearly Trip Test
Semi-Annual Service
Yearly Testing
Yearly Overflow
Annually
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