Membrane-Enclosed
Organelles
By: Nina, Patrice, and Albert
Who has membrane-enclosed organelles?
● Only eukaryotic cells
have membrane enclosed
organelles.
Why?
● Cells needs to separate proteins.
● There are two ways
Aggregation
Compartments
Eukaryotic cell
● The Eukaryotic cell has many
compartments, each with different functions.
● 50% of volume are organelles.
● All held together by cytoskeleton
(microtubules).
● Movement of the organelle is from
cytoskeletal filaments.
Endomembrane System
● Cytosol- location of
metabolic pathways and
protein synthesis occurs.
● Nucleus- Location of
Genome.
Endoplasmic reticulum
● Smooth- Site of
hormone synthesis
and and site of
detoxification.
● Rough- Location of
ribosome.
● Golgi ApparatusProtein and lipids
modding, sorting,
and packaging.
● PeroxisomesBreakdown of toxic
molecules
● LysosomesIntracellular waste
disposal and
recycling center.
● EndosomesCompartment where
endocytosed
material is sorted.
Not in the endomembrane system
● Chloroplasts (only in
plant cells)- Location of
ATP synthesis and
carbon fixation.
● MitochondriaProducers of ATP
through oxidative
phosphorylation.
sbaran.net
Evolution
The first Eukaryotic cells might have come
from simple bacteria.
●
●
●
Organelles may have evolved in two
ways.
The plasma membrane might have
folded back on itself to create the
membrane of the various organelles.
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts might
have been procaryotic cells that got
engulfed by larger eukaryotic cells.