- An-Najah Scholars - An

advertisement
. .
2012
..
.
.
.
.
.
:
.
Declaration
The work provided in thes thesis unless otherwise referenced is the
researcher s own work and has not been submitted elsewhere for any other
.degree or qualification
Student's name:
:
Signature:
:
Date:
:
1
:
:
1
5
6
7
8
8
9
10
:
10
22
22
:
32
:
40
42
42
42
42
43
:
46
47
47
48
:
49
49
52
53
55
56
57
:
57
59
59
60
61
61
71
b
Abstract
43
(1)
49
(2)
(ANCOVA)
51
(3)
52
(4)
53
55
(5)
:
(ANOVA)
(6)
71
(1)
72
(2)
93
(3)
94
(4)
102
(5)
103
(6)
118
(7)
130
(8)
131
-
(9)
..
.2011/ 2010
:
:
.
.
36
149
41
35
.
37
. ANOVA
)
(
)
(
.
.
:
:
.
2007
2007
).
(2005
.
.
.
1
).
(1997
.
Cooper, 1993))
.
.
(2007)
(
)
.
(
)
.
.
2
.
..
.
"
(http://forum.illaftrain.co.uk) . "
.
.
(http://forum.illaftrain.co.uk) .
(
)
.
.
.
3
- Brown,Collins )
.
& Duguid, 1989
.
(Brill, Kim, Galloway, 2001)
.
.
(Judith Conway, 1997)
.
12- 11
(Kang, 2003)
.
.
4
.
.
. (1997
" (363
)
2001)
."
.
International
(TIMSS) Trends in Mathematics and Science Study
2007
49
43
).
(2009
5
2008/ 2007
(2008
)
(
37
)
% 18
.
.
:
-1
.
"
"
-2
.
:
-1
-2
6
-3
-4
:
(0.05= )
:
)
(
)
.(
(0.05= )
:
)
(
)
.
(
(0.05= )
:
(
.(
7
)
)
(0.05= )
:
(
.
(
)
)
:
.1
.
. 2011/ 2010
.
.2
"
"
.3
:
"
"
.
.
.
.
8
.
:
-
(Brill, Kim, Galloway, 2001).
:
-
:
. (2007
)
:
. (1999
)
:(
)
-
.(1996
(
)
:
. (2003
(
-
)
)
:
(2003
9
)
).
.
1912
.
.
.(1982
)
.
.
(koffka,1965)
.
.
10
.
(
)
. (2001
)
.
.
. (Von Glasersfield 1989, 1993)
(2007)
Sigle
.
"
"
.
"
"
.
:
.
11
(2007
(Cognition Process)
).
:
(Adaptive)
. Experiential World
Viable
.
.
.
.
.(Cobern,1996)
:
(2000)
Jean Piaget
-1
.
Vygotsky
.
12
-2
(2007
. 2003
)
(2003)
-
.
.
.(Bandura,1977)
(
)
.
.
.
(
)
).
( 1988
(Bandura,1977)
.
.
.
13
.
.
)
.(2008
300
.(2008
100
)
.
.
.
. (Linda, Kim, Ira,& Daisy,2009)
.
14
.
Collins, Brown, & )
.(Holum, 1991
.
.
.
.
.(Linda et al ,2009)
.
.
. (Brill et al,2001)
Brown, Collins, & , (1989))
" :(Duguid
.(p453) "
(Brown et al ,1989)
.
15
.
.
:
.
.
. (Brill et al,2001) .
(Linda et al ,2009)
.
:
. (mentoring)
Dennen
(Collins et al,
(Enkenberg 2001)
(1989).
:
.
.
: (Modeling)
-1
:(Explanation)
-2
:(Coaching)
-3
:(Scaffolding)
-4
.
.
.
16
: (Reflection)
-5
: (Articulation)
-6
:(Exploration)
-7
.(, 2001, p 503 Enkenberg)
.
(
)
:
Modeling & Explaining
.
:
.(Collins 1991)
(Collins, 1991)
. (Bransford, Zech, & Schwartz, 1988)
.
.
Farnham-)
. (Diggory,1990
17
.(Atkinson, 1999)
.(Schoenfeld, 1985)
:
Scaffolding
.
.
.
:
.(Collins et al, 1991)
.(Johnson, 1992)
:
Coaching
.
(Bransford & Vye, 1989)
18
.
.
.
:
Reflection
.
. (Scardamali & Bereiter, 1989)
:
.
:
.
:
:
:
-
.
:
(Collins & Brown, 1989)
.
19
-
.
"
.
(29
)"
.
.
(2000)
.
.
.
:
.
:
(
) .
:
:
.
(2007)
:
20
(
)
.
( 2000
).
:
.
:
.
(1999
)
(2000)
.
(1999)
.
.
21
:
.
:
.
:
:
(2008)
:
(
.
)
-1
)
(
(
)
-2
(
)
-3
)
(
(
)
-4
141
22
:
71
2008/ 2007
70
.
:
.
.2008/ 2007
:
(3x2x2)
(0.05
ANOVA
)
(
)
.
(0.05
)
(
)
.
)
(0.05
)
(
.
)
(0.05
)
(
.
(Johnson & Fischbach, 1992)
:
23
-
-
-
.
.
35
64
.
Treisman
13
29
Schoenfeld
.
.
.
24
(Cash, Behrmann, Stadt, and
McDaniels, 1996)
:
-1
-2
-3
.
(
)
28
36)
(% 14)
:
(49
19)
.(% 46)
(%
.
(
)
:
ANOVA
.
.
25
.
(Jarvel , Erno,& Pekka,2000)
.
22
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
26
12
.
.
.
.
(Hendricks,2001)
.
220
SituatedLearning Model
.
194
.
(Chiu, Chou, & Liu,2002)
.
122
27
Taipei
:
.
-1
-2
.
.
2003 (Kang,)
:
.
.
28
.
.
Contextual
Heuristics
.
.
(Osana & Saymour,2004)
.
.
.
5
30
.
.
29
.
(Gautier & Solomon 2005)
:
.
.
.
-
.
-
.
.
.
:
.
37
30
4- 3
.
(Kolikant, Gatchell, Hirsch, &
Linsenmeier, 2006)
.
.
.
42
.
.
.
(Charney, Cindy et al, 2007)
(the Waksman Student Schoolars Programme)
.
:
.
31
.
.
:
(1996)
(212)
.
(
)
.
.
(1997)
.
(6413)
1998 /1997
(94)
(4 )
(91)
(4 )
.
(1998)
32
(185)
.
. 1998 /1997
(6732)
.
(7256)
(454)
(105)
(120)
.
(130)
.
(99)
.
(2001)
(61)
(
10
20)
(
( )
:
(0.05)
(0.05)
.
(2002)
33
11
20)
(135)
:
(
45)
.
(
45)
.
(
45)
.
( )
:
-
.
.
.
34
(2004)
"
. 2004 /2003
.
.( 2004 - 2003)
(4 )
.
( 2004 - 2003)
(
)
.
:
:
( )
.
:
( )
.
.
35
(
1429)
:
(
)
-1
-2
(
)
(
)
(88)
-
.
):
(44)
(44)
(
-
:
-
:
-
-
:
(0,05)
-1
.
(0,05)
36
-2
.
(2003)
.
:
.
(112)
(30)
(329)
(25)
(25)
. 2003/ 2002
.
(Schiering,1999)
.
(50)
.
.
(
1426)
37
:
:
.
)
(
(
)
(
)
:
22
.
22
.
:
.
(0 05)
.
(0 05)
.
(0 05)
.
(0 05)
.
(2001)
(
12- 11)
.
38
(85)
(0.61- 0.1)
(0.14- 0.93)
(Test-Retest Method)
.
.(0.93)
(128)
(
2000/ 2001
31)
34
.(
33
30)
2000/ 2001
.
.(%56)
.
(Two-Way ANOVA)
( =0.05)
(
0.05)
39
( )
.
:
(2008)
(1992)
(1996)
(2005)
(2002)
(2000)
.
(2008)
(2001)
(
1426)
(2003)
.
40
.
.
41
.
.
(
2011/ 2010
)
5286
(2010
).
72
159
:
73
75
.
.
(1)
.
42
.
:(1)
76
41
35
73
36
37
149
77
72
.
:
.
:
:
)
.
(3
(
)
% 54
17
% 21
.% 8
33
. (4)
.
43
%
33
.
(4)
.
20
. 2011/ 2010
(
1)
=
1
.
.
:
0 74
:
20
%100×
44
/
=
.%75 - %24
.(Allen; Yen, 1985) %80 - %20
)
:
%100 ×
(
/(
-
)=
%79 - %33
.(2007
)
%30
.
(5)
:
( 1978)
40
.
20
30
.
(7 )
(6)
.
45
(1978)
.
20
.
(0.81)
.
:
.
:
.
:
10
.
.
46
9
.
.
(
)
.
.(2)
.
.
35
.
.
:
:
.
.1
47
:
.2
:
.
.1
.
.2
ANOVA
ANCOVA
.
48
.
.
2
3
2
3
.
:(2)
35
41
35
41
16.54
21.24
8
10.02
7.03
7.84
3.19
3.65
37
36
37
36
19.86
22.75
8.56
10
8.82
12.74
9.10
16.26
18.24
21.947
8.29
10.01
8.00
10.4
3.50
3.38
72
77
72
77
/
:
:
49
:
(0.05= )
:
)
(
)
.(
(
)
:
.(2)
(2 )
(8.29)
(10.01)
(3.4)
. (3)
(ANCOVA)
(2 )
:
(18.24)
(8)
(10.4)
(21.95)
.(3.71)
50
(0.05= )
(ANCOVA)
.(3)
(ANCOVA)
:(3)
( )
0.083
3.049
181.649
1
181.649
0.052
3.83
216.307
1
216.307
0.003
9.45
534.026
1
534.026
0.463
0.54
30.599
1
30.599
59.568
145
8756.485
149
8938.134
(0.05= )
(3 )
)
( )
:
(
)
(
(0.003= p)
(9.45)
(0.05 = )
.
(4 )
51
:(4)
(4
7.68
21.00
7.58
19.05
)
(21.00)
(
)
)
. (19.05)
(
:
(0.05= )
(
:
)
:
(0.05= )
:
)
(
)
.
(
(0.05= )
(ANCOVA)
.(3)
52
(3 )
( )
(0.05= )
(0.46=p)
(0.54)
.
6
5
6 5
.
:(5)
:
35
41
18.6
24.68
0.52
3.53
37
36
20.97
25.38
0.48
2.64
19.82
25.01
4.300
3.998
72
77
/
/
/
:
:
53
:
(0.05= )
:
(
)
.(
)
.(5)
(
)
:
(5 )
(4.300)
(19.82)
(25.01)
. (5.19)
(3.998)
(0.05= )
(ANOVA)
.(6)
54
(ANOVA)
:(6)
( )
0.023
5.278
0.000
0.216
87.967
1
87.967
61.366 1022.820
1
1022.820
1.547
25.787
1
25.787
16.668
145
2416.807
148
3531.248
(0.05= )
×
(6 )
(0.05= )
(61.366)
( )
(0.05= )
(5 )
.
(25.01)
. (5.19)
(19.82)
:
(0.05= )
:
:
(0.05= )
:
55
(
.
)
(
)
(6 )
(0.216 = p)
(1.547)
( )
(0.05= )
.
)
)
(
.
.
56
.
.
:
(0.05= )
.
.
.
.
.
57
.
(Johnson & Fischbach, 1992)
.
Cash, )
Behrmann, Stadt, and McDaniels,1996)
.
.
(Kang, 2003)
)
58
(
.
:
(0.05= )
.
:
.
(2008)
.
(Jarvel , Erno,& Pekka,2000)
.
.
:
(0.05= )
)
(
59
.
(2008)
)
(0.05= )
(
.
(Chiu, Chou, & Liu, 2002)
.
.
.
(Osana & Seymour, 2004)
.
(Kolikant,
Gatchell, Hirsch &Linsenmeier, 2006)
.
:
(0.05= )
60
.
.
(2008)
(
)
(0.05= )
.
.
:
.
.
.
61
.
.
.
1
.(2007)
.(2008)
.
1 .
.(1999)
.
.(2003)
.
.1
.(2001)
.
.
. (1997)
.
-
.
62
6
.(2002)
.
.
.(2001)
.
.
.
.(2007)
.
.
1 .
.(1996)
.
2 .
.(1997)
.(1997).
:
.
.1
. 13
.
24
.
.(1982)
.(2003)
.
.3
. (2001)
.
.
63
6
. (2000)
:
.
.
.(2003)
.
.
.
. ( 1999)
.
.
.
.(2007)
.(2003)
.
4 .
.
.(2000)
.
.
.(1988)
.
1 .
.(2007)
.
"
"
.(
.
.
64
1426)
.
/
.(2000)
.
.(1996)
.
.
. (1998)
.
.
.
.
.
.(2001)
.
.(2005)
.
.(
1429)
.
http://forum.illaftrain.co.uk .
Allen,
Mary,
J.;
Yen,
Wendy,
M.
(1985).
Introduction
To
Measurement Theory. Brooks Cole Publishing Company, Monterey:
California.
65
Atkinson, E.(1999). Key Factors Influencing Pupil Motivation in Design
and Technology. Journal of Technology Education, 10 (2): 4-26.
Bandura, A.(1977). Social Learning Theory. New York: General
Learning Press.
Bransford, J. D., and Vye, N. J. (1989). A Perspective on Cognitive
Research and Its Implications for Instruction. In L.B. Resnick &
LE.
Bransford, J. Zech, L. and Schwartz, D. (1988). Evolutions in
Vanderbilt s Thinking About the Design of Problem-Based
Environments.
Retrieved
From:
http://www.nscc.edu/seatec/pages_resources/forum_paper_pdf/br
ansford.pdf
Brill, J., Kim, B., Galloway, C. (2001). Cognitive apprenticeships as an
instructional model. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on
learning, teaching, and technology.
Cash, J., Beherman, M., Stadt, R., and Daniels, H. (1997). Effectiveness of
Cognitive
Apprenticeship
Instructional
Methods
in
College
Automotive Technology Classrooms. Journal of Industrial Teacher
Education, 34 (2): 29-49.
Chaney, J., Hmelo-Silver, C., Sofer, W., Neigeborn, L., Coletta, S. and
Nemeroff, M. (2007). Cognitive Apprenticeship in Science through
66
Immersion in Laboratory Practices. International Journal of Science
Education, 29 (2): 195-213.
Chiu, M., Chou, C., and Liu, C. (2002). Dynamic Processes of Conceptual
Change: Analysis of Constructing Mental Models of Chemical
Equilibrium. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 39 (8): 688712.
Cobern, William W.(1996). Worldview theory and conceptual change in
science education, Volume 80, Issue 5, pages 579 610, September
1996.
Collins, A. (1991). Cognitive Apprenticeship and Instructional
Technology. In L. Ado1 & B. F. Jones (Eds.), Educational Values and
Cognitive Instruction: Implication for Reform, P: 121-138. Hillsdale
NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Association.
Collins, A., and Brown, J. (1988). The Computer as a tool for Learning
through Reflection. IH. Mandl and A. Lesgold (Eds.). Learning
Issues for Intelligent Tutoring Systems, P: 1-18. New York: SpringerVerlag.
Collins, A., Brown, J., and Duguid, P. (1989). Situated Cognition and the
Culture of Learning. Educational Researcher, 18 (1): 32-42.
Collins, A., Brown, J., and Holum, A. (1991). Cognitive Apprenticeship:
Making Thinking Visible. American Educator, 6 (11): 38-46.
67
Cooper, Peter A.(1993). Paradigm Shift in Designed Instruction
behaviorism to cognitivism to constructivism. Vol. 33, p12- 19
Journal of Educational Technology.
Darling-Hammond, Linda, Kim, Ira.(2009).Watch It, Do It, Know It:
Cognitive apprenticeship. The learning Classroom: Theory Into
Practice, session 8.
Enkenberg, J. (2001). Instructional design and emerging models in
higher education. Computers in Human Behavior, 17, 495 506.
Farenham-Diggory, S. (1990). Schooling. Cambridge, MA: Harvard
University Press.
Fiscbach, R., Medonough. (1993). the Effect of Cognitive Apprenticeship
on the Problem Solving Skills of Community College Technical
Mathematics Students. Retrieved from:
Gautier, C., and Solomon, R. (2005). A Preliminary Study of Students
Asking Quantitative Scientific Questions for Inquiry-Based Climate
Model Experiments. Journal of Geosciences Education, 53 (4): 432443.
Hendricks, C., C. (2001). Teaching Causal Reasoning Through Cognitive
Apprenticeship: What Are Results From Situated Learning?. Journal
of Educational Research, 94 (5): 11-302.
68
Jarvel , S., Erno, L. and Pekka, S. (2000). Socio-Emotional Orientation as
a
Mediating
Variable
in
the
Teaching-Learning
Interaction:
Implications for Instructional Design. Scandinavian Journal of
Educational Research, 44 (3): 293-306.
Johnson, S. (1992). A Framework for Technology Education Curricula
Which
Emphasizes
Intellectual
Processes. Retrieved
From:
http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/JTE/v3n2/html/johnson.html
Johnson, S. and Fischbach, R. (1992). Teaching Problem Solving and
Technical Mathematics through Cognitive Apprenticeship at the
Community College Level. National Center for Research in
Vocational Education. Berkeley: University of California.
Kang, G. S. (2003). Conceptual and Empirical Evidence for a Model of
Applied Music Instruction Based on Cognitive Apprenticeship.
URL http://proquest.umi.com.ezlibrary.ju.edu.jo/pqdweb
Koffka, Cort.(1965). The Growth of the mind. Haepcott Press.
Kolikant, Y., Gatchell, D., Hirsch, P. and Linsenmeier, R. (2006). A
Cognitive-
Apprenticeship-Inspired
Instructional
Approach
for
Teaching Scientific Writing and Reading. Journal of College Science
Teaching, 36 (3): 20-25.
Osana, H. P., & Seymour, J. R. (2004). Critical Thinking in Preservice
Teachers: A Rubric for Evaluating Argumentation and Statistical
69
Reasoning. Educational Research and Evaluation, 10 (4-6): 473498.
Scardamalia, M., and Bereiter, C. (1985). Fostering the Development of
Self- Regulation in Children s Knowledge Processing. In S. F.
Chipman, J. W. Segal & R. Glaser (Eds.), Thinking and Learning
Skills: Research and Open Questions P: 563-577. Hillsdale, NJ:
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Schearing, M. (1999). The Effects of Learning Style in Structional
Resource on the Fifth Grade suburban
students Metacognition,
Achievement,
to
Attitude
and
Ability
Teach
themselves.
Unpublished Dissertation. ST. John`s University, New York, U.S.A .
Schoenfeld, A. H. (1985). Mathematical Problem Solving. New York:
Academic Press.
URL:http://proquest.umi.com.ezlibrary.ju.edu.jo/pqdweb
Von Glasersfeld, E. (1989). Constructivism in Education. In Husen, T. &
Postlewait, N. (Eds.), International Encyclopedia Of Education,
Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Von Glasersfeld, E. (1993). Questions and Answers about Radical
Constructivism. In Tobin, K. (Ed.), The Practice Of Constructivism
In Science Education, Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.
70
(1)
/
.1
.
.
/
/
/
.
.2
/
/
/
.
71
.3
.4
.5
(2)
:
:
300
:
100
.
.
:
.
Cognition )
.
(Process
.
72
:
.
.
.
.
.
.
:
.
.
-
.
:
.
.
.
-
73
.
.
-
:
.
:
-1
:
-2
:
-3
:
-4
.
.
.
.
: Reflection
-5
:
-6
.
:
-7
.
:
.
(
)
.
74
:
:
3:
:
:
:
:Modeling
.
75
.
67
/
=
-
(1)
.
.
(1)
68
-
.
70
1
-
)
.
(
-
..
...
..
.
:Scaffolding
-
-
76
.
.
-
.
-
1
70
1
-
71
2
-
72
2
-
:Reflection
-
..
:
..
-
:Articulation
.
-
.
77
2 1
-
.
-
.
:Coaching
69
(1)
:
78
-
:
3:
:
.
-
.
:
:
:Modeling
..
:
-
..
73
3
.
.
.
-
79
:Scaffolding
. 73
3
-
.
=1
2
.
.
:Reflection
.
..
:
.
80
:Articulation
.
.
.
.
.
.
:Coaching
75
4
-
75
3
-
. 85
81
:
-
7
-
:
4:
:
.
-
.
.
:
:
:Modeling
-
..
.
.
77
.
5
-
82
.
=
:Scaffolding
. 77
5
-
.
.77
5
.
=
=
-
=
=(
)
.
-
83
.
:Reflection
-
.
...
:
82
-
.
.
.
:Articulation
.
.
.
. 78
.
84
.
:Coaching
78
4
8 7 6 5
.
9
. 97
85
-
:
:
3:
:
.
-
.
-
.
:
:
:
..
.
6
88
:
6
86
-
.
.
:
.
..
.
:
.
-
:
2
x2
=1
x1
.
.
:
89
87
10
-
:
3:
:
.
-
.
-
.
.
:
.
:
:
-
..
90
7
...
....
-
.
88
.
:
.
7
-
.
.
-
.
:
.
-
.
:
.
..
.
:
92
89
11
-
:
3:
:
.
-
.
:
.
:
:
93
22
.
.
-
.
.
95
90
8
-
:
.
.
.
(
)
.
.
95
8
-
.
:
.
:
-
...
.8
-
.
:
.
-
91
.
.
.
:
. 93
12
-
. 96
13
-
. 97
92
-
:(3)
%0
%0
%15
%15
%55
%15
%0
%0
%0
%18
%55
%17
93
:(4)
:
33
.
94
:
*
:
-1
-
-
-
:
-2
-
-
-
:
-3
:
-4
-
-
-
:
-5
-
-
-
95
3
/
1000
/
3
-6
900
:
% 20 -
% 90 -
% 80 -
% 10 -
:9
-7
:
2
4 : 81 -
9 :2 -
81 : 4 -
2 :9 -
:
-8
-
-
:
-9
- 10
:
.
-
-
96
:
- 11
-
.
.
.
- 12
3
(3 /
1000 =
20 -
):
10 -
40 -
30 -
:
- 13
.
-
. 10
.
-
.
100
2
- 14
10
2
800
:
800 -
100 -
180 -
8000 97
:
- 15
% 20 -
% 80 -
% 100 -
% 50 3 /
1000
- 16
1030
1
:
.
2
100000 =
10300 -
2 / 10
100000 -
1000 × 110300 -
110300 - 17
:
+
-
-
300
- 18
450
:
3 /
:
1000
3 15 -
3 015 -
3 1 5800
3 /
3 15000 -
4000
- 19
0.1
:
01 -
3 /
1-
10 -
1-
98
:
- 20
-
-
:
- 21
-
:
- 22
-
-
:
- 23
-
-
-
:
- 24
99
:
- 25
:
- 26
-
:
- 27
-
-
:
- 28
-
-
:
- 29
-
-
-
100
/ 1
1500
- 30
:
/ 1.5 -
/ 3-
/ 22
/ 4-
5
2
- 31
10
80000
:
.
/ 3 120 -
/ 3 60 -
/ 3 20 .
60000
/ 3 40 -
12
- 32
0065
:
/ 1.2
/ 3 0.016 -
/ 3 0.16 -
/ 3 0.00016 -
/ 3 0.0016 -
):
- 33
( 0.00046 =
/ 16 -
/ 1.2 -
/ 40 -
/ 20 -
101
:(5)
%
%
61
55
64
43
34
70
70
79
68
45
59
51
50
40
43
33
38
39
57
61
48
43
60
70
72
65
53
49
48
50
67
66
39
25
25
33
31
27
47
49
30
32
30
27
71
69
69
48
70
48
53
78
44
28
31
27
28
45
30
33
34
57
74
77
76
76
102
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
:(6)
:
-1
.
25
-
50
50
50
25
-
50
-
25
-2
:
.
.
-
.
.
5 -3
( )
35
120
1
40
135
2
45
150
3
60
165
4
80
180
5
85
195
6
103
-3
-
-4
55
:
160 180 :
150 170
-5
104
:
9 -6
.
.
.
-6
:
-
-
-
:
-7
-
-
105
-8
-9
- 10
:
.
-
106
- 11
:
-
.
:
15- 12
:
×
5.6
( )
5.6
5.6
2.8
8.4
11.2
14.9
6.8
100
(
)
1
( )
8
1
2
8
2
8.4
1
12
3
11.2
1
7
4
14.9
1
7
5
16.8
1
10.5
6
- 12
:
2 1 3 2107
3 16 1-
:
- 13
-
-
-
-
:
- 14
6 3-
3 2-
6 4-
4 3-
:
×
1
- 15
-
2
-
5
8
6
-
5.6
4
- 16
-
108
- 17
-
.
:
19
18
.
:
- 18
109
- 19
:
- 20
1906
19- ^ 10 x 1.6 =
- 21
110
- 22
- 23
3
10
3
- 24
10
111
- 25
-
- 26
- 27
-
112
- 28
- 29
- 30
-
113
- 31
:
- 32
:
- 33
Warburg
-
Warburg
114
- 34
:
- 35
:
38 - 36
x,y,z
.
- 36
115
- 37
- 38
z
z
-
z
z
y
-
x
-
z
- 39
-
116
- 40
1872
.
.
117
:(7)
:
30
.
118
:
-1
.
25
-
50
50
50
25
-
50
-
25
-2
:
.
.
-
.
.
-3
:
.
-
119
-4
:
-
.
-5
-6
-
120
.
-7
1906
19- ^ 10 x 1.6 =
-
-8
-9
121
- 10
3
10
3
- 11
10
- 12
122
- 13
1872
.
.
- 14
- 15
123
- 16
- 17
- 18
:
-
124
- 19
:
- 20
Warburg
-
Warburg
-
- 21
:
125
- 22
:
25- 23
x,y,z
.
- 23
- 24
126
- 25
z
z
-
z
z
y
-
x
-
z
28 - 26
( )
35
120
1
40
135
2
45
150
3
60
165
4
80
180
5
85
195
6
- 26
-
127
- 27
55
:
160 -
150 -
180 -
170
:
- 28
:
128
30
29
.
:
- 29
- 30
:
-
129
(8)
130
-
(9)
131
An-Najah National University
Faculty of Graduate Studies
The Impact of Using Cognitive Apprenticeship Strategy in
Science Education on the Tenth Grade Students Achievement
and Improving Their Scientific Thinking in Nablus
By
Suha Mahmood Sabri Thouqan
Supervised by
Prof. khawla Shakhshir Sabri
This Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
the Degree of Master of Educational Science in Methods of Teaching
Science, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University
Nablus- Palestine.
2012
The impact of Using Cognitive Apprenticeship Strategy in Science
Education on the Tenth Grade Students Achievement and Improving
Their Scientific Thinking in Nablus.
By
Suha Mahmood Sabri Thouqan
Supervised by
Prof. khawla Shakhshir Sabri
Abstract
his quasi empirical study aimed to identify the impact of using
cognitive apprenticeship strategy in science education on the tenth grade
students achievement and improving their scientific thinking in Nablus
governmental schools in Palestine for the year 2010/2011.
This study based on the following main questions:
What is the impact of using cognitive apprenticeship strategy on the
tenth grade students achievement in Nablus governmental schools ?
What is the impact of using cognitive apprenticeship strategy on
improving tenth grade students scientific thinking in Nablus governmental
schools ?
The researcher used three tools in this study which are: the Teacher's
Manual for teaching according cognition apprenticeship strategy in fluids
pressure, achievement test, scientific thinking scale.
The study's sample consisted of 149 students from two schools
selected intentionally, the sample was divided into two groups; one
b
experimental consisted of 41 male students and 36 female students, the
other is control group consisted of 35 male students and 37 female students.
The experimental group teached using cognitive apprenticeship
strategy while the control group teached using the traditional method.
The results showed statistically significant differences regarding the
mean difference between experimental and control group for the
experimental group attributed to the teaching method.
Statistically significant differences attributed to gender were not
found between the mean scores of males & females, no statistically
significant impact between the teaching method & the gender.
Concerning the scientific thinking, the results showed that there are
statistically significant differences between experimental and control
groups for the experimental group, & statistically significant differences
attributed to gender were found between the mean scores of males &
females for the females, no statistically significant impact between the
teaching method & the gender.
c
This document was created with Win2PDF available at http://www.win2pdf.com.
The unregistered version of Win2PDF is for evaluation or non-commercial use only.
This page will not be added after purchasing Win2PDF.
Download