Solihull Migration 2014
Migration Overview
Migration, broadly defined as a change in a person’s usual place of residence, is an
important contributor to population and social change. The office for National Statistics
(ONS) publishes estimates for internal and international migration for local authorities in
England & Wales.
Long‐term migrants, those staying for a year or more, are of the greatest interest for
estimating the population. Nevertheless, short‐term migrants can have major impacts on the
economy, communities and public services. Migration can be divided into moves across
national boundaries (international) and within a country (internal). Net migration is the
balance between migration to and from an area.
Total Migration
In 2013/14 9,852 people moved in to Solihull from elsewhere in the UK, with 548 moving to
the borough from overseas. With 9,323 leaving the borough to live in other Local Authority
areas and a further 422 moving abroad, the total population of Solihull increased by 655
people due to migration. This represents a 47% reduction in net migration compared with
2012/13 (578 people). Net migration was lower in respect of both internal migration (-60%, 799 people) and international migration (-27%, -156 people).
With the exception of 2011/12, the Solihull population has increased as a result of net inward
migration in each year since 2003/4. The highest levels of net inward migration were
recorded in 2007/8 (1,234) and in 2012/13 (1,233).
Over the ten year period 2004/05 to 2013/14 a total of 96,046 people have moved into
Solihull (90,943 from elsewhere in UK, 5,103 from abroad), counterbalanced by 90,822
leaving the Borough (86,177 to elsewhere in UK, 4,645 to abroad). The net result is that
migration increased the Solihull population by 5,224 people over this period.
The net impact on the Solihull population was slightly lower in the second part of this 10 year
period – total inward migration was -13% (-366) lower during the years 2009/14 than the
preceding five year period. This was due to falls in the number of people settling in Solihull
from overseas allied to an increase in people moving abroad.
Ten Year
Total
Type of
Migration
Flow
In
Migration
Out
within UK
Net
In
International
Out
Migration
Net
Total
Migration
Source: ONS
Net
Five Year Totals
Change 2004/09 2009/14
Mid 2004Mid 2014
90,943
86,177
4,766
5,103
4,645
458
Mid 20042009
44,499
42,212
2,287
2,652
2,144
508
Mid 20092014
46,444
43,965
2,479
2,451
2,501
-50
Number
1,945
1,753
192
-201
357
-558
%
4%
4%
8%
-8%
17%
-110%
5,224
2,795
2,429
-366
-13%
Internal Migration
Data going back to 1998/99 shows that in most years more people move to Solihull from
elsewhere in the UK than leave the borough for other Local Authority areas. This net inflow
was particularly apparent from mid 2005 through to mid 2010 and again from mid 2012 to
mid 2014.
The table below shows that 56% of all people moving into Solihull from elsewhere in the UK
during the three year period mid-2011 to mid-2014 were aged 20 to 44 years. Moves by this
age group account for the fact that 20% of the inflow were children aged 0-14 years.
Younger adults and their children were also the most active in terms of people moving out of
Solihull to other Local Authority areas.
Over this period adults aged 20-44 years and their children aged 0-14 years both recorded
net inward migration. There was a slight net outward migration among older people aged
65+, with all age groups 75 and over recording a small outward flow. However, the most
notable outward flow (-2,380 net) was among those aged 15-19 years which is largely
attributable to students leaving home to study elsewhere in the UK.
Aged 0-14
Aged 15-19
Aged 20-44
Aged 45-64
Aged 65+
All Ages
Source: ONS
Solihull Internal UK Migration Mid 2011-Mid 2014
Number of People
% Total
Inflow
Outflow
Net
Inflow
Outflow
5,820
3,820
2,000
20%
14%
1,200
3,580
-2,380
4%
13%
16,220
13,330
2,890
56%
49%
3,800
4,260
-460
13%
16%
1,960
2,230
-270
7%
8%
29,000
27,220
1,780
Most internal migration takes place within a small geographical area. In the three years from
Mid 2011 to Mid 2014 70% of people moving into Solihull from elsewhere in the UK came
from a Local Authority in the West Midlands, with 61% of those leaving the Borough staying
within the region.
Over this period there was a net inflow from other West Midlands Local Authority areas
(+3,580 people), the North East (+110 people) and the North West (+30). There were
notable net outflows from Solihull to the South West (-650), South East (-320), London (270), the East of England (-210) and East Midlands (-200).
West Midlands
East Midlands
North East
North West
Yorks & Humber
South West
East
South East
London
Wales
Scotland
Northern Ireland
All Ages
Source: ONS
Solihull Internal UK Migration Mid 2011-Mid 2014
Number of People
% Total
Inflow
Outflow
Net
Inflow
Outflow
19,840
16,260
3,580
70%
61%
1,470
1,670
-200
5%
6%
290
180
110
1%
1%
1,000
970
30
4%
4%
920
1,030
-110
3%
4%
1,080
1,730
-650
4%
6%
660
870
-210
2%
3%
1,460
1,780
-320
5%
7%
1,140
1,410
-270
4%
5%
420
550
-130
1%
2%
200
260
-60
1%
1%
50
40
10
0%
0%
29,000
27,220
1,780
In terms of individual Local Authorities, people moving from Birmingham accounted for 49%
of all moves into Solihull and 36% of outward migration. Outside of the West Midlands,
Nottingham, Leeds, Sheffield and Manchester were all prominent.
Migration from Birmingham increased the Solihull population by a net 4,380 people between
mid 2011 and 2014.
Region
West Midlands
West Midlands
West Midlands
West Midlands
West Midlands
West Midlands
East Midlands
West Midlands
Yorks & Humber
West Midlands
Yorks & Humber
North West
West Midlands
West Midlands
West Midlands
Source: ONS
Solihull Internal UK Migration Mid 2011-Mid 2014
Local Authority
Inward
Outward Turnover
Birmingham
13,900
9,520
23,420
Coventry
1,030
880
1,910
North Warwickshire
670
940
1,610
Warwick
780
780
1,560
Bromsgrove
610
870
1,480
Stratford-on-Avon
510
890
1,400
Nottingham
320
440
760
Sandwell
420
330
750
Leeds
270
330
600
Redditch
270
320
590
Sheffield
250
330
580
Manchester
240
270
510
Walsall
240
250
490
Tamworth
170
270
440
240
180
420
Dudley
Net
4,380
150
-270
0
-260
-380
-120
90
-60
-50
-80
-30
-10
-100
60
International Migration
Data going back to 2004/5 shows that international migration has made a small positive
increase to Solihull population growth in most years, although only in 2004/5 (+349) has net
migration exceeded 200 people.
Between 2004/05 and 2013/14 a total of 5,103 people moved in to Solihull from overseas.
This represents 2% of the current Solihull population, which is relatively low compared to the
national average (10%) and a number of neighbouring Local Authorities (Coventry 21%,
Birmingham 12%, Wolverhampton 9%, Sandwell 7%).
With 4,645 people leaving Solihull for abroad, total net inward migration due to international
movements has amounted to just 458 people since 2004/05. This equates to just 0.2% of the
overall increase in the Solihull population over this period. To put this in context net inward
international migration has contributed 4% to the population increase recorded in England
over this period. Within the West Midlands the overseas migration has accounted for a
significant proportion of the population increases recorded in Coventry (13.6%), Birmingham
(5.4%), Wolverhampton (4.6%) and Sandwell (4.5%).
Other Measures of International Migration
Short Term Migration
A short-term migrant is someone born outside the UK and living in England and Wales for a
period of between 3 and 12 months. The 2011 Census estimated that there were 269 shortterm migrants living in Solihull. This represents just 0.1% of the usual resident population
and much lower than the England average (0.4%) and the levels in neighbouring
Birmingham (0.5%) and Coventry (0.9%).
Compared with England, far more short-term migrants in Solihull were older working aged
adults aged 25-64 years (65% compared to 42%) and fewer were aged 15-24 years (19%
compared to 48%). This reflects the fact that Solihull’s short-term migrants are more likely to
be living in the UK for work than across England as a whole (52% compared 28%) and less
likely to be studying (11% compared to 55%). This difference is even more pronounced than
when compared to Birmingham.
Children 0-14
Age 15 to 19
Age 20 to 24
Adults 25-64
Older People 65+
Total
Solihull
Count
27
11
41
176
14
269
% Total
Solihull
England
10%
6%
4%
9%
15%
39%
65%
42%
5%
3%
Source: ONS Census 2011
At the time of the Census more than a half of short-term migrants in Solihull were from India
or elsewhere in South Asia (including 116 from India alone), with EU residents the next
largest group.
EU Member countries in March 2001
EU Accession countries April 2001 to March 2011
Rest of Europe
India & Rest of South Asia
Rest of Asia
Middle East
Africa
The Americas and the Caribbean
Antarctica and Oceania
Total
Source: ONS Census 2011
Solihull Short-term Migrants
Number
% Total
45
16.7%
25
9.3%
10
3.7%
136
50.6%
23
8.6%
4
1.5%
11
4.1%
14
5.2%
1
0.4%
269
Migrant Applications to Work
The department for Works and Pensions (DWP) publishes data on National Insurance
Numbers (NINos) allocated to non-UK nationals. National Insurance numbers are
compulsory for people who wish to work in the UK, regardless of the length of employment.
National Insurance numbers issued to foreign workers give an indication of migration
changes. However it does not provide a reliable or complete measure on the number of
international migrants.
There were 660 NINo registrations to adult overseas national moving to the UK and residing
in Solihull in 2014. This represents 0.5% of the Borough’s working age population compared
with the England average of 2%.
The number of NINOs issued to people living in Solihull increased in both 2013 and 2014,
although data going back to 2004 shows there have been significant year-on-year
fluctuations at both a national and local level.
National Insurance Registrations non-UK
residents Entering UK
Solihull Count
2004
484
2005
478
2006
612
2007
688
2008
507
2009
417
2010
522
2011
576
2012
437
2013
513
2014
660
Source: DWP
Appendix 1: Definitions
Internal Migration: An Internal Migrant is a person who between one year and the next,
change their area of residence within England and Wales. There is no single system to
record population moves between local authorities, therefore internal migration estimates are
derived using administrative data from the National Health Service Central Register
(NHSCR), the GP Patient Register Data System (PRDS) and Higher Education Statistics.
International Migration: A Long-term International Migrant is a person who moves to a
country other than that of his or her usual residence for a period of at least a year, so that
the country of destination effectively becomes his or her new country of usual residence.
Estimates of international migrants are obtained from the following main sources:



International Passenger Survey (IPS);
Labour Force Survey (LFS); and
Home Office data on asylum seekers and their dependents.
The IPS is a voluntary sample survey of passengers arriving at, or departing from, major UK
airports, sea ports and the Channel Tunnel. The survey asks how long migrants intend to
stay in or outside of the UK.
To take account of people who change their intentions about their original length of stay an
adjustment is made to the IPS estimates for long-term international migration. Some
migrants do not know where they are going to live; some may state a big city when asked,
but in fact take up residence in a nearby area; others move on quickly from their original
destination.
Regional estimates of in-migration are obtained from the IPS and Labour Force Survey, a
quarterly sample survey of households. It provides information about the labour market and
is also used to estimate international migration that has already occurred. It excludes
students in halls of residents who do not have a UK resident parent and people in most other
types of communal establishments.
Regional estimates of out-migrants are estimated directly from the IPS.
Local authority estimates of in- and out-migration are estimated using a statistical model.
This methodology was introduced in 2010. Previous estimates for the period 2002-8 have
been revised.
Migration Flows:
Inflow is the number of people arriving in an area.
Outflow is the number of people leaving an area.
Net flow is the difference between inflow and outflow.
Net Outflow is where there are more people leaving than arriving in an area.
Net Inflow is where there are more people arriving than leaving an area.
Short-term migrants: people who visit for longer than three months but stay longer than a
year.
National Insurance Number Allocations to non UK Nationals: The Department for Work
and Pensions annually publishes data on National Insurance Numbers (NINos) allocated to
non-UK nationals in local authorities. It includes variables such as nationality, age and
gender. NINos are required for employment/self-employment purposes or to claim benefits
or tax credits. The figures cover new registrations; people may have been in the UK for
some time before applying for a NI number. There is no data on how many people
subsequently leave the UK; a proportion may be short-term migrants. It will not cover all
migrants (e.g. children).