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Skills Worksheet
Test Prep Pretest
In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes
each statement or best answers each question.
______ 1. As a cell prepares to divide, a DNA molecule and its associated
proteins coil to form a
a. chromatid.
b. gene.
c. chromosome.
d. centromere.
______ 2. What is the number of chromosomes found in a human body cell?
a. 23
c. 48
b. 46
d. 64
______ 3. The sex of a human offspring is determined by
a. the female.
b. the male.
c. both the female and the male.
d. neither the female nor the male.
______ 4. Bacteria reproduce through an asexual process called
a. meiosis.
b. cytokinesis.
c. interphase.
d. binary fission.
______ 5. In plant cells, cytokinesis requires the formation of a new
a. Golgi apparatus.
b. cell wall.
c. centromere.
d. series of protein threads.
______ 6. Gene mutations that result in cancer often cause the
a. overproduction of growth-promoting proteins.
b. underproduction of growth-promoting proteins.
c. activation of control proteins that slow or stop the cell cycle.
d. Both (a) and (c)
______ 7. Which of the following is NOT part of the spindle apparatus in animal
cells?
a. microtubules
c. spindle fibers
b. belt of protein threads
d. centrioles
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Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction
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Test Prep Pretest continued
Complete each statement by writing the correct term or phrase in the space provided.
8. A(n)
is a segment of DNA that transmits informa-
tion from parent to offspring.
9. An individual with an extra copy of chromosome 21 demonstrates traits
collectively known as
.
10. The 22 pairs of chromosomes in human somatic cells that are the same in
males and females are called
.
11. The human chromosomes that determine an individual’s sex are called the
.
Questions 12–17 refer to the sequence below.
G1
S
G2
M
C
12. The sequence above represents the
.
13. The S in the sequence represents the phase in which
occurs.
14. Phases G1, S, and G2 in the sequence above are collectively called
.
15. Each individual protein structure that helps to move the chromosomes apart
during mitosis is called a(n)
.
16. A disease caused by uncontrolled cell division is
.
17. In the first stage of binary fission, the DNA is
.
Read each question, and write your answer in the space provided.
18. What happens to the structure of DNA in your cells prior to cell division?
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Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction
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Test Prep Pretest continued
19. Explain the difference in the number of chromosomes between a frog somatic
cell and a frog egg cell.
20. What happens when nondisjunction takes place during cell division?
21. Describe what happens at each checkpoint during the cell cycle.
22. What are the four stages of mitosis in the correct order?
23. Explain the events that take place during each stage of mitosis.
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Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction
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Test Prep Pretest continued
24. Describe the events that take place during each phase of interphase.
25. List four types of events that take place in a eukaryotic organism, such as a
deer, that require cell division.
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Chromosomes and Cell Reproduction
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TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
SECTION: THE CELL CYCLE
9. second growth phase
10. cytokinesis
1. cell cycle, interphase
2. cell cycle: repeating sequence of
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
(Items 3–6 are interchangeable. Items 7–10
are interchangeable.)
growth and division during the life of a
cell; interphase: first three phases of
the cell cycle
It is in the process of dividing.
d
a
e
c
a
d
b
c
b
a
d
Both are phases of the cell cycle in
which a cell part divides. However, during mitosis, a nucleus divides, while
during cytokinesis, cytoplasm divides.
d
Science Skills
SEQUENCING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
SECTION: MITOSIS AND
CYTOKINESIS
1.
2.
3.
4.
p
b
a
p
Critical Thinking
5. b
6. p
7. d
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Vocabulary Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
c
a
b
d
c
d
a
c
a
b
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
b
c
b
a
b
c
a
c
d
a
d
e
b
c
e
a
c
d
b
d
e
c
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
b
a
f
b, f
i, d
j, h
g, a
c, e
c
c
b
a
Test Prep Pretest
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Concept Mapping
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
b
e
g
a
d
h
c
f
anaphase
telophase
metaphase
prophase
3
2
4
1
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
growth
repair
asexual reproduction
sexual reproduction
first growth phase
synthesis phase
c
b
b
d
b
a
b
gene
Down syndrome
autosomes
sex chromosomes
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TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. The phases of interphase are the first
cell cycle
DNA synthesis
interphase
microtubule
cancer
copied
Prior to cell division, the DNA and
proteins associated with the DNA coil
into structures called chromosomes.
A frog somatic cell is diploid and
therefore has twice the number of
chromosomes of the haploid frog egg
cell.
When one or more chromosomes fail
to separate properly during cell division in gamete production, one new
cell will receive both chromosomes,
and the other new cell will receive
none. As a result, one gamete will be
produced that has one extra chromosome, and another gamete will be produced that is missing one chromosome.
If conditions are favorable for cell
division during the first growth phase,
certain proteins will stimulate the cell
to begin the synthesis phase, during
which DNA is duplicated. During the
second growth phase, the DNA replication is checked by DNA repair
enzymes. If everything is in order, proteins then initiate the beginning of
mitosis. At the final checkpoint, the
cell is prompted to exit from the mitosis phase and to begin the first growth
phase again.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase and
telophase
During prophase, chromosomes coil
up and become visible, the nuclear
envelope dissolves, and the spindle
apparatus forms. During metaphase,
the chromosomes line up in the center
of the cell. During anaphase, the centromeres divided and the chromatids
are drawn to opposite poles by spindle
fibers. During telophase, a nuclear
envelope forms around the chromosomes at each pole. The chromosomes
uncoil, and the spindle dissolves.
growth (G1) phase, the synthesis (S)
phase, and the second growth (G2)
phase. The G1 phase is the growth
phase of a cell when the cell grows
rapidly and carries out its routine functions. DNA is copied during the S phase.
In the G1 phase, preparations are made
for nuclear division. Proteins needed for
cell division are synthesized.
25. growth, development, repair,
reproduction
Quiz
SECTION: CHROMOSOMES
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
d
b
e
c
a
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
c
b
c
b
d
SECTION: THE CELL CYCLE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
d
e
b
a
c
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
b
a
c
b
b
SECTION: MITOSIS AND
CYTOKINESIS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
e
a
d
c
b
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
c
b
d
a
d
Chapter Test (General)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
f
e
h
i
a
c
d
g
j
b
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
d
b
c
c
b
d
a
d
a
d
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