FALL 2004
Dikran J. Martin
Introduction to Psychology
Name: ________________________________
Date: _________________________
Lecture Series: Chapter 10 Intelligence
Pages: 15
TEXT: Lefton, Lester A. and Brannon, Linda (2003). PSYCHOLOGY. (Eighth Edition.)
Needham Heights, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
Principal Features
[Page]
What is Intelligence?
Question:
What is the psychological working definition of intelligence?
Theories of Intelligence—One Ability or Many?
"Clearly, all people do not act intelligently all of the time. The realization
of individual differences in behavior has been a problem for psychology
from its beginnings."
„ WECHSLER'S THEORY.
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What is David Wechsler's theory of intelligence?
-1-
(333)
FALL 2004
Theories of Intelligence—One Ability or Many?
(Continued)
[Page]
„ FACTOR THEORY.
Question:
What are the factor theories of intelligence?
(333-334)
„ JENSEN'S TWO-LEVEL THEORY.
Question:
What is Arthur Jensen's theory of intelligence?
(333-334)
„ VYGOTSKY'S VIEW.
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What is Lev Vygotsky's theory of intelligence?
-2-
(334-335)
FALL 2004
Theories of Intelligence—One Ability or Many?
(Continued)
[Page]
„ GARDNER'S MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES.
Question:
What is Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence?
(335)
„ STERNBERG'S TRIARCHIC THEORY.
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What is Robert J. Sternberg's theory of intelligence?
-3-
(336-338)
FALL 2004
Emotions—A Different Kind of Intelligence?
[Page]
Question:
What is Daniel Goleman's theory of intelligence?
(338-339)
The Process of Test Development
"Intelligence tests have a long history."
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What was Alfred Binet's contribution to the psychological
testing movement?
-4-
(339)
FALL 2004
Developing an Intelligence Test
[Page]
„ WHAT DOES A TEST MEASURE?.
Question:
What does a psychological test attempt to measure?
„ STANDARDIZATION.
Question:
What is the standardization process of developing intelligence
tests?
„ NORMAL CURVE.
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What is the statistical normal curve and how is this analysis used
in intelligence testing?
-5-
(340)
FALL 2004
„ SCORES.
Question:
[Page]
What is the difference between a raw score and a standard
score in intelligence testing?
(340-341)
„ INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENTS.
Question:
What is the traditional calculation of intelligence?
(341)
Reliability
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What is the concept of reliability in intelligence testing?
-6-
(341-342)
FALL 2004
Validity
[Page]
Question:
What is the concept of validity in intelligence testing?
„ TYPES OF VALIDITY.
Question:
What is the content validity in psychological testing?
Question:
What is the predictive validity in psychological testing?
Question:
What is the face validity in psychological testing?
(LS10lal_04)
-7-
(342)
FALL 2004
„ CRITICISMS OF INTELLIGENCE TEST VALIDITY.
Question:
[Page]
What's the meaning of the following statement?
"Critics cite six basic problems concerning
the validity of intelligence tests."
(342-344)
Four Important Intelligence Tests
The Standard-Binet Intelligence Scale
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What does the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test attempt to assess? (344-345)
-8-
FALL 2004
The Wechsler Scales
[Page]
Question:
What do the Wechsler Scales of Intelligence attempt to assess?
(345-346)
The Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
Question:
What does the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
attempt to assess?
(346-347)
The Woodcock—Johnson
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What does the Woodcock–Johnson of Intelligence attempt to
assess?
-9-
(347)
FALL 2004
Environmental and Biological Factors in Intelligence
[Page]
"The political, cultural, and scientific issues involved in the debate about
what intelligence is and what intelligence tests actually measure are
complicated."
Cultural Biases?
Question:
What's the meaning of the following statement?
"A major argument against IQ testing is that
tests are culturally biased and thus effectively
discriminate against people who do not
resemble the test makers … "
(348-349)
Cultural Dimensions of Intelligence
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What are some of the cultural dimensions of intelligence testing?
-10-
(349-350)
FALL 2004
Environmental and Genetic Impact
[Page]
Question:
What was Sir Francis Galton's contribution to the psychological
testing movement?
(350)
„ HERITABILITY.
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What is the research technique know as heritability study and
how is it used to study environmental and genetic impacts on
intelligence?
-11-
(350-351)
FALL 2004
Evolution and Intelligence
[Page]
Question:
What does the evolutionary perspective say about intellectual
development?
(352-354)
The Stability of Intelligence Test Scores
Question:
Do intelligence scores remain stable over along time?
(354)
Are There Gender Differences in Intelligence?
Question:
(LS10lal_04)
What are the conclusions of the studies investigating gender
difference in intelligence?
-12-
(354-355)
FALL 2004
Exceptionality and Education
[Page]
"The American educational system is oriented toward testing for and
teaching special or exceptional children."
Giftedness
Question:
What's the meaning of the following statement?
"Defining who is gifted and what gifted behaviors
are turns out to be a complicated task."
(355-356)
Special Education–IDEA
Question:
What's the meaning of the following statement?
"Since IDEA, there has been a shift toward
mainstreaming … "
(LS10lal_04)
-13-
(356-358)
FALL 2004
Mental Retardation
[Page]
"The term mental retardation covers a wide range of behaviors … "
„ DEFINITION.
Note in this section the definition of mental retardation proposed
by the American Association on Mental Retardation.
Question:
What observation do psychologists make when working with
mentally retarded people?
(359)
„ LEVELS OF RETARDATION
"A diagnosis of mental retardation involves three criteria …"
Question:
What is the diagnosis of mild retardation?
Question:
What is the diagnosis of moderate retardation?
(LS10lal_04)
-14-
(359-360)
(360)
FALL 2004
„ LEVELS OF RETARDATION
[Page]
Question:
What is the diagnosis of severe retardation?
Question:
What is the diagnosis of profound retardation?
(360)
„ MAINSTREAMING.
Question:
What are the positive outcomes of mainstreaming the mentally
retarded?
END
(LS10lal_04)
-15-
(360-361)