THE
SCHOLAR'S PROVINCE
ELEVENTH EDITION
HANDBOOK OF
PHI SIGMA PI
NATIONAL HONOR FRATERNITY
Copyright 2002 by Phi Sigma Pi National Honor Fraternity, Inc.
All rights reserved. First edition 1941.
Eleventh edition 2002.
Printed in the United States of America by JPL Productions.
Table of Contents
Welcome
1
Introduction
2
The Fraternity Concept ............................................................................................ 2
The Purpose of Phi Sigma Pi National Honor Fraternity .......................................... 2
Balancing Scholarship, Leadership, and Fellowship ................................................ 3
The Development of Fraternities .............................................................................. 4
The History and Evolution of Phi Sigma Pi
6
Phi Sigma Pi Landmarks ............................................................................................ 6
The Founding ........................................................................................................... 7
The Birth of a National Fraternity (1921–42) ............................................................ 8
WWII and the Passing of the Old Guard (1942–54) ............................................... 13
Transition and Adaptation (1955–75) ..................................................................... 14
The Coeducational Issue (1975–84) ....................................................................... 16
Rebirth and Revitalization (1985–89) ...................................................................... 16
In Search of Excellence (1990–Present) .................................................................. 18
The National Vision for Phi Sigma Pi ...................................................................... 19
Local History .......................................................................................................... 20
The Founders
21
The Greek Alphabet
23
Pronunciation Guide ............................................................................................... 23
Insignia and Heraldry
24
The Coat of Arms ................................................................................................... 24
Phi Sigma Pi Jewelry ............................................................................................... 25
The Grand Seal ....................................................................................................... 26
The Shingle ............................................................................................................ 26
Fraternity Colors .................................................................................................... 26
The Ritual .............................................................................................................. 26
Brothers Are We ..................................................................................................... 27
The Initiation Program
28
Purpose of the Initiation Program ........................................................................... 28
Rights and Responsibilities of the Initiate ............................................................. 29
National Expectations ............................................................................................. 30
Developing a Constructive Outlook ....................................................................... 30
i
Managing Your Time .............................................................................................. 31
Choosing the Right Path ........................................................................................ 32
Phi Sigma Pi's Anti-Hazing Policy .......................................................................... 33
The Active Undergraduate Member
34
Rights and Responsibilities .................................................................................... 34
The Ideal Chapter Member ..................................................................................... 35
Financial Obligations .............................................................................................. 37
The Active Collegiate Chapter
38
Chapter Structure ................................................................................................... 38
Chapter Officers ..................................................................................................... 39
Chapter Committees ............................................................................................... 39
Rules of Parliamentary Procedure ........................................................................... 39
Characteristics of a Stable Chapter ......................................................................... 41
The Role of Alumni
42
Joining an Alumni Chapter ..................................................................................... 44
Activating an Alumni Chapter ............................................................................... 44
The National Organization
45
Structure of the Organization ................................................................................. 45
Duties of the National Staff .................................................................................... 46
Professional Fraternity Association Membership Benefits .................................... 48
National Services and Supplies .............................................................................. 48
The Annual National Convention and Grand Chapter Conference ........................ 50
Glossary
51
ii
Dear Initiating Member:
We welcome you as you pursue active membership in Phi Sigma Pi National
Honor Fraternity.
The handbook of Phi Sigma Pi first appeared in 1941. Since its inception,
numerous revisions and additions have occurred. The information in this
book represents the common heritage and institutions which bind all Phi
Sigma Pi chapters together. This publication should be used as a tool for
you, the initiate, to learn the history, structure, services, and goals of the
National Fraternity. It should also serve as a guide for you throughout your
career as an active undergraduate member of Phi Sigma Pi National Honor
Fraternity. It is intended that this information be studied in conjunction with
chapter history, traditions, and programs.
Membership in this fraternity recognizes you as an individual of high
scholarship. But your responsibilities to yourself, this fraternity, and your
fellow man are not limited to academic achievement alone. Because Phi
Sigma Pi is an honor fraternity that stresses the principles of scholarship,
leadership, and fellowship, you must constantly strive to embody these three
principles in your life. It is a balance which can only be achieved through
hard work, dedication to the local chapter and national organization, and a
strong belief in the principles for which this fraternity stands.
As you travel down the road that lies ahead of you, you will do well to keep
these three principles in sight. Through scholarship, we can attain knowledge and expand our minds to more clearly see the possibilities surrounding
us. Through leadership, we are given the opportunity to positively influence
others. Through fellowship, we can reach out to others and share, thus
strengthening the bonds which unite us as brothers.
We wish you the best throughout your journey with Phi Sigma Pi!
Fraternally,
The National Council
1
Introduction
The Fraternity Concept
Fraternities have arisen in response to the universal human need to form
special relationships with others who share similar ideals, goals, and interests. Therefore, all fraternities, whether social, service, professional, or
honor, must have a purpose and plan of action to unite their members.
Fraternities, whether male, female, or coeducational, are built on the
concept of brotherhood—a condition where the closeness of the relationship existing between members promotes spiritual homogeneity and resembles the atmosphere of the family unit. Phi Sigma Pi is a brotherhood.
Brotherhood requires meeting each other at least halfway. It means going
out of your way at times to help others, and treating others as you would want
them to treat you. Brotherhood exists when individuals can feel free to face
their challenges knowing that others are concerned for their well-being. It is
more intimate than just friendship—it has its roots in the responsibilities and
obligations an individual assumes upon entering the National Fraternity.
Brotherhood is a concept that exists regardless of gender. Nationally,
members are referred to as brothers. However, whether conforming to a
university policy or simply out of a personal preference, chapters may choose
to use another term to refer to male and female members.
Phi Sigma Pi has the distinction of being an honor fraternity as opposed
to an honor society. The essential difference between an honor fraternity and
an honor society is that an honor society is an association rather than an
organization, and it functions mainly to recognize the past academic achievements of its potential members. The honor fraternity seeks to organize the
service, fund-raising, social, and recreational potential of its membership
while promoting its dedication to and respect for education and academic
excellence.
The Purpose of Phi Sigma Pi National Honor Fraternity
In carrying out the purpose of the National Fraternity, Phi Sigma Pi shall strive
to personify and encourage three ideals:
1. The acquisition and dissemination of information and knowledge
through scholarship,
2. The application of professional skills and the fostering of leadership
qualities by promoting and advancing the welfare of humanity, and
3. The fostering of non-discriminatory, fraternal fellowship within Phi
Sigma Pi's ranks.
2
Phi Sigma Pi shall constantly strive to make these ideals dynamic in the lives
of its members.
Balancing Scholarship, Leadership, and Fellowship
The question has often been asked, "What is Phi Sigma Pi?" Perhaps the
most concrete answer is that Phi Sigma Pi is
one-third honor society, one-third service
organization, and one-third social fraternity.
Phi Sigma Pi seeks to incorporate the best
and most beneficial aspects of all of these
types of organizations into its own program.
The honor society aspect sets Phi Sigma Pi
apart and commands respect. The social
fraternity aspect builds fellowship and commitment, which in turn serves as a stimulus
to undertake service projects, the greatest
expression of leadership.
Because Phi Sigma Pi is an honor
fraternity that stresses the principles of scholarship, leadership, and fellowship, chapter
activities must reflect these three principles.
Chapters have many options for activities
which promote pure scholarship, such as scheduling speakers, conferences,
seminars, and workshops. They can also take part in writing scholarly papers,
tutoring, or developing local scholarships and awards.
Phi Sigma Pi believes that by undertaking service projects, students can learn
about the problems facing
today's society and can better
shape their views and leadership skills. Phi Sigma Pi
encourages its members to
offer themselves as resources
for charitable organizations.
Determining the type of
service projects, whether they
serve the university, community, state, or a local or national
charity, is a decision that rests
entirely with the chapter.
Scholarship and leadership are useless unless one has learned to work
productively with others. Phi Sigma Pi promotes the concept of the well-rounded
individual. The knowledge gained through working closely with others toward
common goals builds fellowship, the third principle of Phi Sigma Pi.
3
Any activity that promotes fellowship teaches people about the intimacies
and qualities of others. The knowledge gained through these social events serves
to enhance working relationships and eventually stimulates the activity of the
entire chapter, encouraging better scholastic and service projects. Fellowshipbuilding events can include such things as banquets, social and sporting events,
or trips. Without these social and recreational activities, a chapter would grow
weak and eventually become inactive due to lack of commitment. Fellowship
establishes commitment—and that's what brotherhood is all about! However, at
the same time, chapters must be image-conscious, realizing that they do not exist
merely for having good times.
Phi Sigma Pi is a balance of scholarship, leadership, and fellowship. Each leg
of the tripod must be equally stressed, or the chapter may too closely resemble
an honor society, service organization, or social fraternity. Each chapter must
actively seek its own balance of scholarship, leadership, and fellowship. Phi
Sigma Pi's goals are to cultivate and encourage high scholastic achievement, build
leadership skills through service to others, and strengthen social skills all of which
allow the individual to mature and develop into a thinking, concerned person who
will be an asset to our society. Chapters that need assistance in developing a
well-balanced program should consult the various national publications (listed on
page 50 of this handbook) or contact the National Headquarters.
The Development of Fraternities
Fraternal orders played a very significant role in the societies of the ancient
world. As early as 1427 B.C., the Eleusinian Mysteries of Ancient Greece were
well-established, having developed from similar secret orders in Egypt and the
Near East over a thousand years earlier. Initiation periods consisting of lectures,
pageants, and religious dramas were used to train prospective members before
entrance into the Eleusinian Mysteries. Several of these orders had initiation or
probationary periods lasting as long as eight years. All of the orders had secret
ceremonies, grips, passwords, and symbols to distinguish them from other groups.
In 1776, both the United States and Phi Beta Kappa, the first American
society to have a Greek letter name, were born. The conditions of the Revolutionary War and the decades of struggle to form a nation which followed were
not conducive to the concept of the fraternity. Due to these factors, Phi Beta
Kappa Fraternity quickly became and has since remained a purely honorary
society which uses high scholastic achievement as its prerequisite for
membership. From its humble beginnings at the College of William and Mary
in Williamsburg, Virginia, Phi Beta Kappa has evolved into one of the most
respected honor societies in the country.
As conditions within the United States stabilized and a demand for new
facilities for higher education became evident, the fraternity concept received
renewed support. By the fall of 1825, Kappa Alpha was formed at Union College
in Schenectady, New York. Externally, Kappa Alpha bore a close resemblance
4
to Phi Beta Kappa, which had placed its fifth chapter at Union in 1817. It had
a Greek name, it was secret and it had a badge. Kappa Alpha was so popular
with students, that in 1827 they imitated it by founding two new fraternities on the
campus—Sigma Phi and Delta Phi. These three fraternities, known as the Union
Triad, set the pattern for the American fraternity system. As these three
fraternities expanded and placed chapters at other institutions, new national
fraternities were born. By the Civil War, the fraternity system had become so
widespread that the majority of the chapters were able to reorganize and resume
their activities after the war.
Before the Civil War, fraternities existed exclusively for men. However,
there were scattered reports of women being granted membership into these
organizations. It was not until 1870 that Kappa Alpha Theta and Kappa Kappa
Gamma were founded as the first Greek letter fraternities for women.
By World War I, the fraternity system was well-established. However,
national fraternal organizations would only charter chapters at four-year colleges
and universities. Approximately 200 four-year normal or teachers colleges were
off-limits. National fraternities, whether social, scholastic, professional, or
leadership oriented, were reluctant to establish chapters at these institutions.
Most of the teachers colleges around the country evolved into what are now state
colleges and universities. One fraternity, namely Phi Sigma Pi, recognized the
need to provide the benefits that a national fraternity could offer to young men
in teachers colleges preparing for a career in education.
World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II were difficult eras for
all fraternities. These times caused fraternity expansion to come to a halt and
even caused mergers and extinctions for some fraternities. However, fraternities
boomed during the 1920s, 1950s, and 1980s as economic conditions were
favorable and traditional attitudes were emphasized.
The American College Greek Letter Fraternity is one of the oldest
student organized activities on college campuses. It has continually
attracted the interest and active participation of the finest and ablest
students in the student body. It has become an integral part of the total
educational program of the college, and its contribution to the education
and training of the student has been distinctly wholesome and varied.
— Interfraternity Research and Advisory Council
5
The History and Evolution of Phi Sigma Pi
Phi Sigma Pi Landmarks: The historical overview
1916
1921
1925
1930
1931
1933
1940
1941
1949
1957
1959
1966
1970
1977
1987
1990
1991
1992
1993
1996
1997
1999
2000
February 14, founding of Phi Sigma Pi at State Teachers College, Warrensburg,
known today as Central Missouri State University
Phi Sigma Pi became national with the induction of the Gamma Chapter, Bradley
University, Peoria, Illinois
First National Council
Coat of Arms was redesigned; Grand Seal was created; First publication, Phi
Sigma Pi News Letter
First magazine - The Lampadion
Copyright of Brothers Are We
Redefined the Coat of Arms, The Purple & Gold newsletter was created
First Handbook of Phi Sigma Pi was published
Incorporated nationally in Illinois
Outstanding Chapter Award was established
First Outstanding Chapter Award presented to: Iota Chapter, Bloomsburg
University
Incorporated in Pennsylvania as an honor fraternity
Outstanding Chapter Award was renamed to Joseph Torchia Outstanding
Chapter Award
National Constitution was amended to admit eligible females
First Guidebook (officer training manual) published
First full-time hired position: Letti (Large) Becker
Richard Cecil Todd and Clauda Pennock Todd Tripod Scholarship was
established
First Charles W. Chance Alumni Award presented to: Pi Chapter, Dickinson
State University; Tau Chapter, East Carolina University
First C. H. McClure Single Service Award presented to: Omicron Chapter,
Shippensburg University; Tau Chapter, East Carolina University; Alpha
Kappa Chapter, UNC - Chapel Hill
First Sanders P. McComsey Most Improved Old Chapter Award presented to:
Theta Chapter, Mansfield University
First Clarence O. Williams Most Improved New Chapter Award presented to:
Alpha Theta Chapter, Rutgers University
First Steven A. DiGuiseppe Administrative Award presented to:Sigma Chapter,
Millersville University; Alpha Epsilon Chapter, West Chester University
Purchased first National Headquarters building
First Todd Tripod Scholarship presented to: David L. Batts, Tau Chapter
Built National Headquarters at 2119 Ambassador Circle, Lancaster, PA
Jeffrey L. Johnson National Chapter Fellowship Award established and presented to: Beta Delta Chapter, North Carolina State University; Alpha Rho
Chapter,Virginia Tech
First Dr. Eldo L. Hendricks Award for Excellence in Scholarship and Programming
presented to Alpha Eta Chapter, University of Delaware
Youth of America named National Philanthropy
6
The Founding
World War I raged in Europe from 1914 to 1918. Meanwhile, another
struggle was occurring in the American Midwest. Unlike the war, this American
struggle was not one of nationalism, expansionism, or alliances, but rather a fight
for identity, recognition, and increased potential for professional advancement.
The theater for this encounter was the State Teachers College at Warrensburg,
Missouri, one of almost 200 institutions nationwide dedicated to the task of
preparing educators for the ever-growing country.
The Missouri Beta Chapter of Phi Lambda Epsilon—a national fraternity
founded in 1892, with chapters located on normal and high school campuses—
was organized in 1894 as the first fraternity on the Warrensburg campus. This
State Teachers College, Warrensburg,
today known as Central Missouri State University
chapter was a thriving organization until the spring of 1914. At this time, the
faculty of the institution thoroughly investigated the fraternity and found that it
only emphasized the social side of college life. The fraternity was disbanded.
During the 1914–15 school year, a group of students with strong academic values,
who also had been members of Phi Lambda Epsilon, and a group of other male
students attending the college, who from an educational standpoint had in mind
high ideals regarding the teaching profession and the social needs of the students,
brought together their concerns and presented them to the faculty. The faculty
at first disapproved of a new fraternity but through the encouragement and
support of President Eldo L. Hendricks, Dean Claude A. Phillips, and Professor
C. H. McClure, the faculty approved the establishment of a new fraternity on
campus. All three men had been members of Phi Delta Kappa, a national
education fraternity which operated in larger universities and colleges with
graduate departments of education. The three men concurred that due to the
quality of these students, they should be affiliated with and receive the membership benefits of a national fraternal organization.
7
Upon reviewing the academic records of each of the students, Hendricks,
Phillips, and McClure felt that the group should affiliate with a nationally
recognized fraternal organization stressing scholarship. They therefore contacted the most prestigious honorary scholastic fraternity existing in the United
States, Phi Beta Kappa, requesting permission to establish a chapter on their
campus. They were advised immediately by Phi Beta Kappa that chapters could
only be established on campuses of qualified liberal arts colleges and universities,
not on campuses of teachers colleges, teacher training schools, or normal schools.
The professors were distressed to receive this information, but undaunted,
they decided that since many of the club’s members were campus leaders they
should be affiliated with a national fraternal organization stressing leadership. To
this end, the professors contacted the most prestigious honorary leadership
fraternity existing in the United States, Omicron Delta Kappa. Again, they were
advised immediately by Omicron Delta Kappa that chapters could only be
established on campuses of qualified liberal arts colleges and universities, not on
the campuses of teachers colleges, teacher training schools, or normal schools.
The professors were greatly disturbed by this information, but believing that
outstanding young men preparing for the teaching profession should not be denied
membership in a national fraternal organization primarily because they were
matriculating at teachers colleges, they decided to contact nationally recognized
social fraternities stressing fellowship. Since the local club was social in nature,
this seemed like a reasonable alternative. Once again, the professors received
the same answer to their request.
The three professors decided that if no national fraternal organization would
recognize these fine men simply because they were enrolled in a teachers college,
then they would create a fraternal organization unique unto itself. They would
not create one that would stress only scholarship, or leadership, or fellowship, but
one that would be built on a tripod which equally stressed all three qualities of
scholarship, leadership, and fellowship. So on February 14, 1916, Phi Sigma Pi
was founded and originally named Phi Sigma Pi Honorary Professional Fraternity. Dr. Hendricks, the leading force behind the creation of Phi Sigma Pi, was
the first person to sign a Phi Sigma Pi rollbook and is therefore known as Alpha
1. He was followed by Dean Phillips and Professor McClure. Together,
Hendricks, Phillips, and McClure are known as the founding fathers of the
fraternity. In addition to the three faculty members, the first chapter also
consisted of ten undergraduate and honorary members. They were Fred Thayer,
J. A. Leach, R. W. Grinstead, Ray F. Pankins, Wade C. Fowler, Roy G. Bigelow,
Arthur Kresse, John A. Doak, Harold Patterson, and Harry Hill. Within one year,
the chapter had elected another twelve members into its ranks.
The Birth of a National Fraternity
1921–42
From the very moment that Phi Sigma Pi was born, chapter members at
8
Warrensburg intended to make the organization a national fraternity. As their careers
allowed for new doors of opportunity to be
opened to the fraternity, many of the early
Alpha Chapter members founded new Phi
Sigma Pi chapters. The first four years were
extremely difficult due to World War I.
Despite this challenge, the chapter managed to perfect a local constitution, establish
a National Constitution that detailed how to
start new chapters and defined the roles of
National Officers, prepare a ritual, and
actively promote the fraternity to other
institutions. Finally, on May 2, 1921, the
fraternity became national when Gamma
Chapter was installed at Bradley PolytechRolla F. Wood
nic Institute in Peoria, Illinois. Gamma
Chapter was founded due to the dedication of Alpha alumnus Joseph V. Hanna,
who began the chapter shortly after he accepted a teaching position at Bradley
in 1920.
With the addition of a second chapter, it was time to define the national
structure. National Officers were elected to advance, advise, and direct the
growth of the fraternity. The first National President of Phi Sigma Pi was Joseph
G. Bryan, Alpha 28. However, due to a lack of aggressive leadership, it took
another four years to add Delta Chapter on May 2, 1925. While other national
fraternities were booming and taking advantage of the economic paradise of the
1920s, Phi Sigma Pi floundered nationally. Finally, Rolla F. Wood, Alpha 39,
emerged as the National President. He is credited with galvanizing the National
Officers into a cohesive unit and capitalizing on this unity for expansion and
increased services for member chapters. During his tenure, the national
organization was made more visible to attract interested institutions. One way
this was accomplished was through Wood’s efforts to make Phi Sigma Pi one of
the twenty-one professional fraternities representing the fields of architecture,
chemistry, commerce, dentistry, education, engineering, law, medicine, and
pharmacy who banded together on March 2, 1928, to form the Professional
Interfraternity Conference. Wood's strong leadership led to the founding of
Epsilon Chapter at George Peabody College (now Vanderbilt University) on
August 16, 1928, mainly through connections he made while pursuing graduate
work there. Zeta Chapter at Eastern State College (now Dakota State College)
had been founded rather informally about one month earlier in July of 1928, and
consisted of four faculty members, one of whom was Lawrence N. Pease.
Pease was also one of the last members of Phi Lambda Epsilon at Warrensburg
in 1914, and he undoubtedly helped conceptualize the idea of Phi Sigma Pi.
While efforts were being made to establish what became known as the
9
Walter P. Percival
Gamma Chapter, McClure accepted a
faculty position at the State Teachers
College in Kirksville, Missouri, and was
attempting to organize a chapter at this
college campus. Because it was believed
that this would be the second Phi Sigma Pi
chapter, Beta, the second letter in the Greek
alphabet, was reserved for this chapter.
Although approval came after the second
Phi Sigma Pi chapter was activated, this
new chapter was installed at the State
Teachers College in Kirksville, Missouri, on
April 30, 1929, and was named Beta
Chapter. On the same day, Eta Chapter
was installed at the State Teachers College,
Indiana, Pennsylvania, after receiving a
petition from Walter P. Percival, professor
of education.
So enthusiastic was Percival, Eta 1, that he was elected National President in
1930. During his brief tenure, the fraternity more than doubled in size from seven
to fifteen chapters. Of these eight new chapters, six were at Pennsylvania state
teachers colleges. This phenomenal interest was due to Clarence O. Williams,
Alpha 26, who served as National Secretary from 1930 to 1936 and used his
position as an associate professor of education at Pennsylvania State College, State
College, Pennsylvania, to make valuable contacts at a majority of the fourteen
Pennsylvania state teachers colleges. The years 1929 to 1931 built upon the
national solidarity concept initiated under
President Wood. In 1930, the Grand Seal of
the fraternity was cast. Standardized charters and membership certificates were also
designed. The official badge, service key,
and other jewelry pieces were created in
consultation with the L. G. Balfour Company. The Coat of Arms was redesigned in
1930 in hopes that a more professional
emblem would better depict the ideals of the
fraternity. The first national publication for
all undergraduate members and alumni was
introduced in 1930 as the Phi Sigma Pi
News Letter.
Several months before the end of his
term in 1931, President Percival was forced
to resign when he accepted an educational
Clarence O. Williams
position in the province of Quebec. How10
ever, his resignation was preceded by three major changes in the National
Constitution of Phi Sigma Pi at the February 22, 1931, Grand Chapter Convention
in Detroit, Michigan. Originally, the National Officers had been the Grand
President, First Vice President, Second Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, and
Counselor. This meeting eliminated the Second Vice President, added the office
of Historian, and changed the official titles of the officers from Grand to National
Officers. Second, the position of Regional Director, designed to cultivate new
chapters in designated geographic regions throughout the country, was established
as an appointed position. Finally, the fraternity was changed from an honorary
professional fraternity to a professional education fraternity to better reflect its
purpose. The Phi Sigma Pi News Letter format was changed in the Fall of 1931
to magazine form. The Lampadion, which means the little torch, became the
James K. Stoner
Beecher Flanagan
official magazine of the fraternity and was mailed three times a year to all
members. James K. Stoner, Eta 38, began his two decades of association with
the national organization by serving as the editor of the magazine. Despite the
hardships of the Great Depression, 1929–31 were some of the most productive
years the fraternity experienced to date.
The Depression took its toll on six chapters by 1941. Zeta was the first chapter
to go inactive in 1931 when the state of South Dakota changed
Eastern State College from a four-year to a two-year school. Financial hardships
and decreased enrollments also forced Beta, Delta, Epsilon, Nu, and Xi Chapters
to go inactive. Fortunately, the fraternity added six new chapters during the
1931–41 decade. Unlike the other new chapters, which began as Phi Sigma Pi,
Tau Chapter, chartered on May 28, 1936, began as a local fraternity known as
Tau Sigma Sigma. Beecher Flanagan, Epsilon 2 and Tau 12, was a professor at
East Carolina Teachers College at the time. He persuaded the existing group to
11
seek affiliation with Phi Sigma Pi.
While the decade was not profitable in terms of chapter growth, several
important events occurred within the national organization. In 1933, Edward
Ingraham, Theta 21, and Charles Darrin, Theta 42, worked with the Music
Department at Mansfield State Teachers College to put the ideals and spirit of
the fraternity to music. The fraternity song that they composed is titled Brothers
Are We. This original version is still the official one that is sung today.
In 1935, Kappa Phi Kappa, a professional education fraternity founded at
Dartmouth College on April 26, 1922, which had forty-two active chapters at
four-year institutions, contacted Phi Sigma Pi to consider a merger. Since eleven
chapters had been chartered in the past five years, the fraternity felt that it
possessed ample growth potential and that a merger with Kappa Phi Kappa
would only serve to destroy the identity of Phi Sigma Pi. The discussion to merge
was tabled by Phi Sigma Pi in 1936, but Kappa Phi Kappa continued for the next
four years to encourage a merger.
By 1940, Phi Sigma Pi had lost six of its chapters, and inquiries for new
chapters were basically non-existent. With World War II now looming in the future,
the fraternity was more open to the idea of a merger as insurance of the survival
of its ideals. After much debate, a plan to merge the two fraternities was prepared
by two officers from each of the fraternities. During the first two weeks of 1940,
the fourteen active chapters of Phi Sigma Pi voted on the proposed merger
conditions, which would have resulted in the loss of Phi Sigma Pi as a national entity.
The active members voted 172 to 106 against the merger.
While the merger debate raged, several internal developments occurred. The
first was the realization of the need to develop alumni support. In the summer of
1937, twenty-seven members of Phi Sigma Pi were doing graduate work at
Pennsylvania State College and organized the first, though unofficial, alumni
chapter of the fraternity. In response to this demand, a constitutional amendment
adopted at the 1941 Atlantic City Convention allowed for the official creation of
alumni chapters. Additionally, life memberships were established to keep alumni
in better contact with the fraternity through mailings of newsletters, magazines, and
announcements. The first life member was Charles W. Chance, Gamma 18.
The second development dealt with enhancing the national image and
increasing communication with the active student members. In 1940, the Coat
of Arms was simplified to allow for better reproduction. In March of that same
year, the Purple & Gold newsletter was established as an outgrowth of a need
for closer contact between the National Office and the active local chapter
members. Unlike The Lampadion magazine, this publication was not tailored to
include articles which would also interest alumni. Up until 1941 there was no
national medium through which new members could learn the national history and
goals of the organization. National President Clair B. Wilson, Kappa 10,
recognized the need to encourage the learning of the material and transformed
his ideas into the Handbook of Phi Sigma Pi. Had it not been for the Depression,
the 1931–41 decade probably would have been even more profitable in terms of
12
new chapters. However, it was a boost of
confidence for the fraternity when Phi Chapter at State Teachers College, Minot, North
Dakota, was chartered on May 8, 1941.
WWII and the Passing of the Old Guard
1942–54
Due to the war, all of the fifteen active
chapters went inactive in late 1942. Many of
the schools had such low enrollments during
this time that the state legislatures considered
closing them permanently. The war prevented
the 1943 Grand Chapter Convention, where
the election of new National Officers would
have taken place. It was agreed that the
Clair B. Wilson
current officers would guide the fraternity and
its ultimate reorganization until the next Grand Chapter meeting could be held after
the war.
By the Fall of 1946, all of the fifteen chapters active prior to the war were
reactivated with the exception of Mu Chapter at State Teachers College, Slippery
Rock, Pennsylvania. The war caused chaos while updating alumni addresses. A
great number of alumni lost their lives during the war or relocated at its end. The
national organization did not have the finances or resources to locate these men since
its main priority was to reactivate and develop the chapters. Because students at
teachers colleges historically were of limited financial ability, the national treasury
reflected this situation and did not have the
finances to develop programs like other fraternities chartering chapters at colleges and
universities. The loss of alumni, not only as a
financial resource but as a leadership pool,
proved to be a traumatic blow with effects
that would be felt for years.
Since the fraternity had gone national in
1921, the leaders at the national level had been
the faculty advisors of the chapters and active
alumni. By 1950, not only was contact with
alumni critically severed, but the faculty advisors who guided the fraternity through most of
the past two decades were ready to retire. By
1954, all of the men who had led Phi Sigma Pi
so well were gone. Gone were the wisdom and
guidance of Clair B. Wilson; James M.
McCallister, Alpha 33; James K. Stoner;
James M. McCallister
13
Sanders P. McComsey
Simon S. Shearer
and long-time Regional Director Simon S. Shearer, Omicron 20. Death claimed
Beecher Flanagan in 1950 and Sanders P. McComsey, Sigma 17, in 1955, while
both men were in office. The Regional Director system was shelved in order to
utilize the available leaders in National Officer positions. The positions of
Secretary and Treasurer were combined to form the Secretary/Treasurer
position in 1951. The Lampadion was no longer published and communication
between the chapters and the National Office was poor. Despite these obstacles,
the fraternity was incorporated nationally in Illinois on April 25, 1949.
Transition and Adaptation
1955–75
The fraternity was in need of new leadership as the Old Guard retired—and it got
it. Two of the fraternity’s most dedicated National Officers emerged from this era—
namely, Joseph Torchia, Sigma 296, and Richard C. Todd, Sigma 58 and Tau 878.
Their leadership and love of the fraternity allowed the organization to survive its greatest
challenge to date. This challenge manifested itself as a loss of identity.
Most state teachers colleges were changed to state colleges between the 1950s
and the early 1970s. Phi Sigma Pi could no longer exist as just a professional education
fraternity for teachers in state teachers colleges. If it did, it would have no growth
potential. The 1950s were booming times for other fraternities, and Phi Sigma Pi was
once again missing its opportunity for growth. Proof of this was the fact that from
1955 to 1965, only two new chapters were added. Omega Nu Epsilon, a local
fraternity at State Teachers College, Gorham, Maine, joined the ranks of Phi Sigma
Pi on May 21, 1955, under the condition that the next two Greek letters— Chi and
Psi—be skipped so it could be called Omega Chapter and retain part of its original
name. Similarly, November 21, 1961, saw the Big Guy Fraternity at State Teachers
College, Farmington, Maine, admitted as the Beta Gamma Chapter of Phi Sigma Pi.
14
With the assistance of Henry W. Olsen,
Rho 98; Leroy G. Pulver, Pi 27; Perry
McCandless, Alpha 384; and Abram Foster,
Sigma 340, Todd and Torchia led the fraternity to the realization that it must either adapt
or perish. At the October 1, 1966, Grand
Chapter Convention, held in Washington, D.
C., President Abram Foster said, “We have
remained stagnant and this is not good. We
are losing this opportunity to spread the purposes of Phi Sigma Pi. We must act.” He
stated that honor fraternities were necessary
on all campuses at a time when schools were
openly discouraging social fraternities. Seeing
Joseph Torchia
that Phi Sigma Pi had always placed exceptional emphasis on scholarship—the premise being that good teachers were also good
scholars—it was suggested that an honor fraternity which stressed scholarship,
leadership, and fellowship would preserve the tripod, yet allow for expansion. To this
end, it was moved and accepted to create Phi Sigma Pi National Honor Fraternity,
with the word honor being interpreted as a minimum cumulative grade point average
of 3.00 or better on a 4.00 scale.
In 1966, the decision was made to hold the National Convention every year
instead of every two years to keep enthusiasm alive among the active chapters.
Foster, Torchia, and Todd also undertook a massive expansion program after the
fraternity was incorporated as an honor fraternity in Pennsylvania on December 2,
1966. Over 300 four-year institutions nationwide were contacted by letter to spark their
interest in this new honor fraternity. Assumably,
the social climate of the late 1960s contributed
to the fact that no new chapters resulted from
these efforts. Many colleges were being torn
apart internally due to student unrest with the
Vietnam War. Of the schools returning a no
response, most indicated that an all-male honor
fraternity was not desirable during this era of
increased civil rights awareness. Meanwhile,
the transition to an honor fraternity placed
unbearable stress on some chapters, and several folded. By 1974, only eight active chapters
remained. Were it not for the encouragement
Richard C. Todd
and devotion of Todd and Torchia, Phi Sigma
Pi may have folded, closing the door on future opportunities. In recognition of
Torchia's achievements, the Outstanding Chapter Award, established in 1957, was
renamed the Joseph Torchia Outstanding Chapter Award in 1970.
15
The Coeducational Issue
1975–84
Late in 1975, Tau Chapter was informed
by its university that it was in violation of Final
Title IX Regulation Implementing Education
Amendments of 1972 Prohibiting Sex Discrimination in Education (hereafter referred to
as Title IX). After consultation with the United
States Department of Health, Education and
Welfare, it was concluded that the national
organization must allow Tau Chapter to admit
eligible women or the chapter would cease to
exist by July 1, 1976. Title IX argued that since
Phi Sigma Pi was an honor fraternity, it must
Clauda Pennock Todd
become coeducational since remaining an allmale organization would have a discriminatory effect upon the future career
opportunities of eligible women. (Social fraternal organizations are exempt from Title
IX.)
President Vaughn Rhodes, Pi 359; Secretary/Treasurer Gerald Burkhardt,
Sigma 669; and Todd argued that this was not a matter of wanting to go coeducational,
but rather a matter of having to comply with federal regulations. To remain an honor
fraternity, Phi Sigma Pi would have to become coeducational. Three of the existing
eight chapters threatened to withdraw from Phi Sigma Pi if women were admitted, and
two were told by their respective universities to close their doors if they did not.
At the October 7, 1977, National Convention in Washington, D. C., under the
leadership of President Richard J. Donald, Iota 800, the National Constitution was
amended to admit eligible females, thus ensuring that Phi Sigma Pi would remain an
honor fraternity. Women were admitted into Phi Sigma Pi beginning in the fall
semester of 1977. Alpha Chapter was reactivated coeducational and Tau Chapter
was the first existing chapter to induct a female honorary member, Clauda Pennock
Todd, Tau 879, wife of Richard C. Todd. The other chapters gradually went
coeducational, with Sigma Chapter being the last all-male chapter to admit women.
Some chapters were not able to adjust to the change, and by 1984 only six active
chapters remained.
Rebirth and Revitalization
1985-1989
The years 1985-1986 were a time of self-evaluation for Phi Sigma Pi. After seventy
years of evolution, there was much to learn from the successes and failures of the past.
A course of action to revitalize the fraternity was constructed and continues
16
to develop today. Under the continuing
leadership of Steven A. DiGuiseppe, Sigma
734; Jeffrey L. Johnson, Sigma 794 and
Alpha Gamma 1; Jack W. Thornton, Tau
862; and numerous others, the foundation
for the future was condensed into four
wide-reaching premises. First, fundamental
changes had to be made in the executive and
legislative structure of the fraternity. Second, the National Office needed to offer
more services to the existing chapters.
Third, the financial stability of the National
Office had to be secured if growth and
development were to occur. Finally, a plan of
action to add new chapters to the ranks of Phi
Jack W. Thornton
Sigma Pi had to be developed. If anything was
learned from the past seven decades, it was that this fraternity would reach its
potential only with a strong national organization in place to serve as a resource for
its chapters.
A new marketing approach was taken, and it proved to be phenomenally
successful. A brochure was developed to attract eligible students. Professional
posters and advertisements were created, and personalized stationery and envelopes were produced. The Purple & Gold newsletter began to be printed
professionally. Its informative announcements, essays, reports, and photographs
added the finishing touch in the effort to let the world know that Phi Sigma Pi was
a unique group which would be an asset to any campus. This was a very refreshing
alternative for many institutions. So refreshing, in fact, that by May 1989, twelve new or
reactivated chapters were added to the rolls of
active chapters, bringing the total to eighteen.
Since the founding of Phi Sigma Pi, the
National Office was traditionally located in
the home of the National Secretary. Each
time a new Secretary was elected, the office
moved to a different part of the country.
Since 1951, the office of Secretary/Treasurer was held by a Sigma brother. For this
reason, it became an unofficial understanding that the National Office was located in
Lancaster, Pennsylvania. However, as more
chapters were added, the workload on the
volunteer National Officers intensified, and
Steven A. DiGuiseppe
the supplies and equipment required to run
17
the fraternity were quickly overwhelming the
capacity of the Secretary/Treasurer's home.
To remedy this situation, the National Office
was officially separated from the Secretary/
Treasurer in 1988. The fraternity began
renting 1,000 square feet of space in
Millersville, Pennsylvania, as its official office, and a part-time administrative assistant
was hired to manage many of the day-to-day
functions.
In Search of Excellence
1990–Present
Jeffrey L. Johnson
With twenty active chapters and many
more targeted for development, the National Council made one of the boldest
moves in the fraternity’s history by hiring a full-time executive director in July 1990.
Since that time, the fraternity's full-time staff has grown to include a director of
expansion, director of member services, region consultants, office manager, and
an administrative assistant. With the addition of more chapters and staff, the
National Office quickly outgrew its Millersville location. In January 1992, the
fraternity purchased a three-story townhouse in downtown Lancaster. As the final
step in a long journey for the
National Office, a permanent
headquarters was constructed in
the Lancaster area in the spring of
1996.
These developments could not
have occurred had it not been for
the ever-increasing financial
security of the national treasury.
For years, the leanness of the
national treasury prevented the
development of the fraternity.
Phi Sigma Pi National Headquarters
Since 1986, readjustments in dues
and fees, along with increased memberships and sales items, generated revenues
that have caused the national budget to increase significantly. However, the task
of achieving financial security is far from accomplished. To this end, a database
of over 20,000 alumni has been established, and current addresses are being added
daily. A program is also being developed to bring these alumni back into Phi Sigma
Pi as sources of leadership, professional expertise, and financial assistance.
Chapters prosper with guidance and support. This concept is critical to the
long-term stability of the fraternity. Initially, if a chapter is to operate efficiently,
resources must be made available for the education of new members and the
18
training of existing members. To this end, the National Office published its first
Guidebook in 1987, with revisions in 1988 and 1990. This publication was geared
toward chapter committees and provided examples of service projects, fundraisers, recreational events, speakers, and leadership and management skills. By
1991, the Guidebook evolved into individual committee and officer manuals. In
addition, The Scholar's Province handbook, originally written in 1941, continues
to be revised and improved periodically.
The National Office also sponsors several seminars at the annual national
convention and attempts to have a national representative visit each chapter at least
once a year to help further develop the chapter’s potential. When guidance fails and
the chapter borders on inactivity, national support is essential if the chapter is to stay
maintained. Since 1986, when chapters could not help themselves, national support
has manifested itself through financial assistance, consultation, emergency trips, and
organizing and operating membership drives. The ability to do this has saved several
chapters in times of crisis. These chapters would have gone inactive without the
changes that have served to strengthen the National Office.
The leaps and bounds made since 1986 have been remarkable. Once again,
this is a growing, promising national organization. The National Office exists for
the chapter and because of the chapter. The two are so closely linked that one
cannot survive without the other. Working together as a national unit has brought
this fraternity to its brightest spot in its history; the potential for growth and
development is limitless. The only thing that can hold us back now are our own
prejudice and ignorance.
The National Vision for Phi Sigma Pi
Over the years, it has become increasingly apparent that Phi Sigma Pi needs
to have a vision—a formalized statement of legitimacy for the many changes that
are occurring. A national vision is not new to Phi Sigma Pi. Hendricks, McClure,
and Phillips envisioned the day when our fraternity would have a chapter at over
200 teaching colleges throughout the United States. That was their vision, their
ultimate goal, their finish line.
It requires a tremendous amount of effort, planning, leadership, time, money,
and commitment to achieve a vision—to make the hundreds of changes and
improvements necessary to turn aspirations into reality. With that in mind, Phi
Sigma Pi aspires to be the leader in the fraternity world, as evidenced by:
—
—
—
—
international chapter representation;
nationwide name recognition;
world class member education and services;
quality lifelong contacts and continued opportunities for member
participation;
— a nationwide network of employers and associations;
19
— pioneering efforts in fraternity marketing, advertising, recruiting,
communication, and mass media;
— a persistence in fostering the integrity of Phi Sigma Pi; and
— a continued commitment to the ideals of scholarship, leadership, and
fellowship through training and participating in supporting events.
Local History
Every chapter has its own beginning, which makes it difficult to go into full detail.
You will be learning as well as creating the history of your local chapter. As new
local landmarks happen, be sure to note them.
Chapter name: _______________________________________________
Date founded:
________________________________________________
Chapter consultant:
____________________________________________
Chapter faculty advisor: _________________________________________
Local awards:
________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Interesting facts about my chapter: _________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
20
The Founders
Phi Sigma Pi was the brainchild of President Eldo L. Hendricks, Dean Claude
A. Phillips, and Professor C. H. McClure of what is now Central Missouri State
University in Warrensburg, Missouri. Approximately 20,000 students in academic institutions with Phi Sigma Pi chapters have enjoyed a rich professional
experience because of the vision and zeal of these three founders, of whom
President Hendricks was the leader. Early members of Alpha Chapter will
always remember the fellowship, hospitality, and professional inspiration stimulated by the fraternity meetings frequently conducted in the home of Dr.
Hendricks.
Eldo L. Hendricks
Claude A. Phillips
Dr. Hendricks served as president of the Warrensburg institution from 1915
until his retirement in 1937. He began his service as head of the History
Department in 1910. He was one of the foremost members of the American
Association of Teachers Colleges and was an active champion of progressive
policies for the professional education of teachers. He served the national
organization of Phi Sigma Pi diligently and assumed the newly created position
of Central Regional Director from 1931 until 1935. He was also instrumental in
founding the Alpha Chapter of Sigma Tau Gamma, a national social fraternity
chartered at Warrensburg in 1920. Hendricks died on November 22, 1938, at his
home after suffering a heart attack following an illness that had lasted since June.
With the passing of Dr. Hendricks, Phi Sigma Pi had its first significant break in
the ranks of its founders, and the country lost one of its most well-known figures
from the field of teacher education.
Dr. Claude A. Phillips served for many years as the dean of faculty at the
21
Warrensburg institution. He spent a total of
eighteen years at Warrensburg. In 1924,
Dr. Phillips became a professor of education
and director of the University Elementary
School at the University of Missouri. His
lectures and writings on various phases of
elementary education made him well-known
throughout the country. While he was never
very active on the national level, Dr. Phillips
returned to Alpha Chapter to lecture and
inspire well into the 1950s.
Of the three founders, no man put more
of his time and heart into the national development of Phi Sigma Pi than Dr. C. H.
McClure, professor of history. He served at
Warrensburg for eighteen years, thirteen of
C. H. McClure
which were as head of the History Department. In 1928, McClure accepted a teaching position at the State Teachers
College, Kirksville, Missouri, where he immediately formed a chapter of Phi
Sigma Pi. His efforts led to the chartering of Beta Chapter in 1929. He served
as both National Counselor and Vice President from 1930 to 1937. In recognition
of all that he had given to the fraternity since its nationalization in 1921, he was
awarded the first service key ever issued by Phi Sigma Pi in 1931.
Our appraisal of the work of those who have gone before is a measure
of our ability to assume responsibility as guardians of civilization. Phi
Sigma Pi has had at least three great pioneers in its history: Dr. E. L.
Hendricks, whose gracious smile was an inspiration to every student that
entered the doors of Central Missouri State Teachers College— large,
handsome with a Grecian face, he will ever be remembered by those who
knew him; Dr. C. A. Phillips, whose enthusiasm, breadth of vision caused
him to be a favorite of those who were in his classes; Dr. C. H. McClure,
who was able to take the common things in life and make them appear
beautiful and important, and who had the ability to inspire all of his
students with confidence in themselves, will ever be remembered by all
who knew him. May we always cherish the character and the memory
of these three great pioneers. May we always have the enthusiasm and
vision that these men had.
—R. F. Wood, Past National Officer and Faculty Advisor of Alpha Chapter
22
The Greek Alphabet
Pronunciation Guide
There are twenty-four letters in the Greek alphabet. Each has both an
English and Greek pronunciation. However, because the final effect often
sounds best when the two pronunciations are combined, fraternities are not
consistent in using either exclusively. Fraternities generally use the English "a"
sound as in "ask," the Greek "e" sound as in "hay," and the English "i" sound as
in "eye."
Α
Β
Γ
∆
Ε
Ζ
Η
Θ
Ι
Κ
Λ
Μ
Ν
Ξ
Ο
Π
Ρ
Σ
Τ
Υ
Φ
Χ
Ψ
Ω
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Delta
Epsilon
Zeta
Eta
Theta
Iota
Kappa
Lambda
Mu
Nu
Xi
Omicron
Pi
Rho
Sigma
Tau
Upsilon
Phi
Chi
Psi
Omega
23
Greek
English
Alpha
Bayta
Gahmma
Delta
Epsilon
Zayta
Ayta
Thayta
Iota
Kahppa
Lahmda
Mew
New
Zee
Omicron
Pee
Rho
Sigma
Tow (owl)
Oopsilon
Phee
Chee
Psee
Omayga
Alpha
Beeta
Gamma
Delta
Epsilon
Zeeta
Eeta
Theeta
Iota
Kappa
Lambda
Mew
New
Zi (eye)
Omicron
Pi (eye)
Rho
Sigma
Tawe
Upsilon
Phi (eye)
Chi (eye)
Psi (eye)
Omeega
Insignia and Heraldry
The Coat of Arms
The Coat of Arms has been modified twice since its
inception in 1916. The original Coat of Arms
consisted of a shield bearing the Lamp of Knowledge, three stars, and clasped hands. The shield
was bordered by two representations of Hermes,
messenger of the Greek gods, who held a large
Greek letter Phi over the shield. A ribbon bearing
the Greek words Paideia, Philia, and Sophia
adorned the bottom of the shield.
As the National Fraternity expanded, the Coat of
Arms was redesigned in 1930 to present a more
professional image. The new Coat of Arms
consisted of a shield bearing an open book and
staff, three stars, and four clasped links. The shield
was surmounted by the Lamp of Knowledge and
adorned at the bottom with a ribbon upon which
were embroidered the Greek words Phi Sigma Pi.
The most recent change to the Coat of Arms came
in 1940, resulting in a more highly defined version of
the 1930 Coat of Arms, and one which could be
more easily reproduced. This version is still used by
the National Fraternity.
24
Phi Sigma Pi Jewelry
The Membership Pin consists of the three Greek letters
comprising the name of the National Fraternity, linked diagonally. All new brothers in good standing receive this pin the
semester/quarter following induction into Phi Sigma Pi. A
similar version of the pin, inlaid with thirteen pearls, may also be
purchased.
The National Crest is the most distinctive piece of National
Fraternity jewelry. It is inlaid with eighteen pearls and is ideal
for formal occasions.
The Lavaliere is a piece of jewelry that can be worn on a
necklace, bracelet, or keychain. It consists of the three Greek
letters comprising the name of the National Fraternity.
The Distinguished Service Key is awarded only by the unanimous consent of the National Council to individuals who have
given outstanding service to the National Fraternity. It is also
available as a keypin.
The Chapter Service Key is awarded by the consent of the
chapter to individuals who have given outstanding service to Phi
Sigma Pi. It is also available as a keypin.
The Initiate Pin is furnished by the chapter to all initiates and is
meant to be worn throughout the initiation program. It is returned
to the chapter following induction.
25
National policy states that only members of Phi Sigma Pi National Honor
Fraternity may wear National Fraternity jewelry, and that only members or the
professional staff may wear clothing bearing the three Greek letters or symbols
representing Phi Sigma Pi.
The selection on the previous page represents only a few of the jewelry
pieces available. Contact the National Headquarters for further information.
The Grand Seal
The Grand Seal is circular in form, and the words Phi Sigma Pi Fraternity—
Founded 1916 are inscribed around the outer edge. The central portion of the
seal bears the three Greek letters.
The Shingle
The Shingle is the membership certificate of Phi Sigma Pi. Each new member
receives a certificate indicating the individual's name, chapter, institution, and
date of induction. The certificate bears the Grand Seal and has the signatures of
the National President and National Secretary.
Fraternity Colors
Phi Sigma Pi's colors are purple and gold. White is used as an auxiliary color
when needed.
The Ritual
Like most other fraternal organizations, Phi Sigma Pi has a ritual which is
secret and known only to those within its circle of brotherhood. Although The
Ritual is the only means by which an individual becomes a member of Phi Sigma
Pi, it is much more than simply a ceremony for the creation of new brothers.
The Ritual is the principal link uniting all members of Phi Sigma Pi. It should
serve as a constant inspiration, a reminder of the commitment made to Phi Sigma
Pi, and a guide to a better way of life. It must not be so well guarded that members
forget its concepts, commitments, and expectations.
The effectiveness of my message is in direct proportion to your knowledge
and belief in my values.
—Edward M. King, The Secret Thoughts of a Ritual
26
Brothers Are We
Music by Charles Darrin, Words by Edward Ingraham
Copyright 1933 by Theta Chapter of Phi Sigma Pi
27
The Initiation Program
Purpose of the Initiation Program
The initiation program is a time of learning. It is also a time when both
you and the active chapter have the opportunity to assess whether or not Phi
Sigma Pi is the organization for you. If you are to reach your full potential
as a brother and leave your mark on the National Fraternity's history, you
need to have a complete and balanced understanding of the National
Fraternity very early in your association with Phi Sigma Pi. You need to
know the nature of the group, understand its goals, and learn how it functions
by experiencing it for yourself.
The main purpose of the initiation program is to prepare you for active
membership in Phi Sigma Pi. Every new member of Phi Sigma Pi must be
completely prepared for the duties and responsibilities that membership
demands. Our leaders of tomorrow must be able to understand chapter
operations today to ensure the fraternity's continued success. To this end,
the National Council has established the following guidelines. These guidelines should become both your goals and the chapter’s goals for the initiation
program.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Become acquainted with the chapter's active alumni and honorary
members and advisor(s).
Learn all you can about each brother and fellow initiate.
Learn the National Constitution and Chapter Bylaws.
Become familiar with the names and faces of the National Officers
and National Staff.
Know the locations of other Phi Sigma Pi chapters.
Learn about your college or university as well as the surrounding
community.
Develop pride in and dedication to Phi Sigma Pi.
Introduce yourself to situations requiring leadership.
Place yourself in positions of responsibility.
Learn how the organization works as well as the purpose and ideals
of Phi Sigma Pi.
Involve yourself in fellowship-building activities.
Help develop national and chapter unity.
Learn national and chapter history.
The initiation program is meant to be a process of learning, inspiration,
cohesiveness, and achievement—not degradation, humiliation, or hazing. While
each individual must earn and deserve the privilege of membership in Phi Sigma
Pi, this must be accomplished in a positive, character-building, dignified, and
28
constructive manner. Although each chapter differs as to how its initiation
program strives to achieve the aforementioned goals, its requirements and policy
must be in agreement with the National Constitution. Additionally, since the
chapter exists within the framework of the collegiate institution, it is not
unreasonable for the chapter to require that all initiates have a working knowledge
of the school’s history and traditions. The initiation program is a time of doing,
participating, working, thinking, and achieving. If you cannot master the minimal
yet essential obligations required by the initiation program, then the chapter is
justified in assuming that your sincerity and desire are superficial and that you are
not yet ready for the greater obligations and responsibilities of active membership.
Rights and Responsibilities of the Initiate
An initiate is a novice, and therefore justly limited in his or her ability to
influence Phi Sigma Pi policies, practices, decision-making, and activities. This
is because the knowledge of the initiates is incomplete, their talents are untested,
and their experience is not yet acquired.
Although the initiates' influence is limited at this time, they still have the basic
rights granted to all members of the National Fraternity. Phi Sigma Pi believes that
initiates who are treated with respect during their initiation program tend to make
brothers who respond more maturely to the duties and responsibilities of
membership.
Initiates never surrender any of their social or legal rights. The only thing that
changes when individuals enter the initiation program is that they have assumed
new responsibilities. All initiates have the right to expect mature, responsible
behavior from the active members. Likewise, the initiates must conduct themselves in a similar manner.
Membership in Phi Sigma Pi does not require the initiates to submit to
undignified, humiliating, or degrading stunts. Phi Sigma Pi is a brotherhood.
Although some members may have the authority to make decisions, no member
29
or initiate is obligated to take any type of abuse from any other. There is no place
in Phi Sigma Pi for physical hazing, mental or sexual harassment, or any other
activities which some fraternities have unfortunately used in the past in the name
of fun and games. The National Constitution defines hazing and the ramifications
for any chapter partaking in this type of destructive activity. Phi Sigma Pi means
too much to too many people to have its future destroyed by irresponsible acts
devised with no substance or foresight.
However, the initiates are expected to fulfill certain obligations and participate in projects with the chapter. These tasks may benefit the chapter as a whole
or be geared toward cultivating the intellectual, service, or social potential of the
individual. By fulfilling these assignments, the initiates demonstrate their
eagerness to take on responsibility and work for the betterment of Phi Sigma Pi.
While each initiate deserves the same consideration and respect as any
active member, this in no way implies that the initiate is immune from constructive
criticism. Chapters must enforce rules and policies intended for the benefit of
everyone. If an individual does not observe these regulations, this person should
expect to be corrected if the situation warrants. This can be as simple as a verbal
warning from a chapter officer or as final as termination in the initiation program
or termination of membership.
National Expectations
The national expectations have been set forth to provide a guideline for both
the chapter as well as the initiate. It is believed that meeting the expectations will
aid in preparing the initiate for active membership into the fraternity. The events
listed below should be planned and/or completed by the initiates with the
assistance of the perspective committees and the chapter during their initiation
program.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Coordinate a fund-raising activity
Coordinate a service project
Coordinate a social event
Learn Phi Sigma Pi history as well as fraternity songs and grip.
Allow time for study hours
Meet with each committee
Attend chapter meetings
Pass the national membership exam
Fulfill financial obligations
Developing a Constructive Outlook
The initiates' attitudes toward the initiation program and the National
Fraternity is an important factor in determining their progress toward the goal of
active membership in Phi Sigma Pi. Because the initiation program is a time of
30
orientation and acclimation, the best outlook one can have throughout the program
is one of inquiry, open-mindedness, and cooperation.
Questions should be asked during this period. As an initiate, you must want
to learn and must have the respect and willingness to be instructed. You should
try to remain open to situations until you fully understand them.
Projects that you undertake during the initiation program should be educational. All activities should have legitimate purposes behind them. If you have
questions or doubts regarding projects, by all means, approach a brother with your
thoughts and feelings. No individuals should be subjected to situations that they
feel are against their values or beliefs.
Initiates earn brotherhood through hard work, dedication, and character
development, not by performing ludicrous stunts or actions. The initiation program
is a time of reflection and personal growth. It is a process of becoming a good
member by learning about Phi Sigma Pi history and ideals and developing
leadership skills. The National Headquarters is very proud of the fact that our
chapters conduct responsible and inspiring initiation programs. Phi Sigma Pi is
meant to be a positive experience designed to be contributory and beneficial
throughout a person's life.
Managing Your Time
While in college, your first priority is undoubtedly academic work. Upon
joining Phi Sigma Pi, the fraternity should become one of your top priorities. Phi
Sigma Pi will constantly strive to complement your academic pursuits and to
never interfere with your academics. However, you should strive to ensure that
no other campus commitments cause you to neglect, undercut, or devalue your
fraternity obligations.
Similarly, your involvement in the National Fraternity should not cause you
to drop out of other campus organizations to which you belong. Phi Sigma Pi
wants you to get involved, make the most of your college years, and become a
well-rounded individual. Because Phi Sigma Pi is not a social Greek fraternity,
there is no conflict of interest if a member of a social fraternity or sorority joins
Phi Sigma Pi, or vice versa. Additionally, since Phi Sigma Pi is an honor fraternity,
membership in an honor society does not pose a conflict of interest. However,
Phi Sigma Pi emphasizes the need for all members to be committed to the
requirements and obligations of membership. Membership in other campus
organizations is discouraged only if you cannot uphold your responsibilities to Phi
Sigma Pi. Phi Sigma Pi should not have to suffer because an individual cannot
manage his or her time as a result of too many extracurricular commitments. The
advancement of Phi Sigma Pi should be a top priority of each member.
The way you manage your time is the key to getting the most out of the
activities you have joined. Study should never serve as an easy excuse to avoid
participating in chapter functions. Good time management skills will benefit you
not only in college, but for the rest of your life as well. The high caliber student
31
attracted to Phi Sigma Pi tends to be a very busy person. A sign of your maturity
is how well you are able to organize your time and balance your priorities so that
all of your responsibilities are properly fulfilled while you still enjoy leisure time.
Phi Sigma Pi should serve as a source of encouragement, growth, and
inspiration. It should also provide academic, service, and recreational opportunity
for all members. Be sure that you can balance your activities and do justice to
them all.
Choosing the Right Path
Almost everyone questions the value or benefit of a project, occupation, or
situation at some time in life. This is especially true when the circumstances are
rigorous and demanding. With this in mind, it is also probably true that nearly
every initiate will reach a point when the responsibilities, pressures, and demands
of membership in Phi Sigma Pi seem greater than any of the possible benefits.
The initiation program is a time of trial. Demands seem to come from every
direction, and meeting them is sure to test anyone’s patience, perseverance, time
management skills, and understanding. Unfortunately, the initiate is placed in a
position of having to complete these demands without being able to truly assess
the future positive value that fulfilling these demands will have on his or her
fraternity experience, college performance, and employment potential.
All fraternities have imperfections. Disagreements between student members may arise. There will be many crossroads throughout the initiation program.
Because of this, it is crucial to look at all factors in perspective and avoid making
any rash decisions. Consider all things carefully. It is easy to quit. It takes much
more strength to persevere through uncertain times.
All members and initiates have at least one thing in common: they are all
unique individuals with their own personalities, desires, and backgrounds. One
cannot expect the many individuals who make up a chapter to have perfectly
matched viewpoints, ideals, morals, and temperaments. It may be easy to
associate only with people who share your values and goals, but it has very little
benefit in preparing you for post-graduate experiences and relating to others who
do not always see eye-to-eye with you.
Fraternities are not perfect because they, like all other organizations, are
made up of human beings. We all have faults and weaknesses as well as
strengths and attributes. The goal of this fraternity is to recognize our limitations,
to continue to develop the positive aspects we all possess, and to pull together as
brothers for the advancement and benefit of the entire group.
No matter how long the initiation program lasts, it offers very little time for
an in-depth sampling of the fraternity experience. The initiation program is a time
of change, adjustment, and realization of one’s potential. It passes much too
quickly for some purposes, and it seems far too long for others. Today’s initiate
is not the same person as tomorrow’s member. They are different people due
to the impact of the initiation experiences. If you make the most of these
32
experiences and help others around you do the same, membership in Phi Sigma
Pi will be all you want it to be.
When making a decision to continue or terminate your participation in the
initiation program, the initiate is encouraged to talk to the chapter members about
his or her concerns. Through communication, many would-be challenges have
been transformed into terrific opportunities.
Phi Sigma Pi's Anti-Hazing Policy
Phi Sigma Pi National Honor Fraternity does not condone physical or mental
(emotional) hazing of any kind, by any definition. The Grand Chapter strictly
prohibits the hazing of individuals involved in any fraternity activities, including
initiation.
As stated in the National Constitution, "Hazing shall be defined as, but not
limited to, any action taken or situation created, intentionally, to produce mental
or physical discomfort, embarrassment, harassment and ridicule. The actions and
situations include, but are not limited to: paddling in any form, creation of
excessive fatigue, physical and psychological shock, scavenger hunts which
involve illegal activities, one-way road trips which leave an individual to find return
transportation, wearing apparel at any time or location which is not appropriate,
required engagement in public stunts or buffoonery, morally degrading games or
humiliating activities, compulsory consumption of any alcoholic beverages or
controlled substances or non-controlled substances, and any other activities
which are not consistent with the regulations and policies of the sheltering
institution, or behavior considered as unbecoming of a Member of Phi Sigma Pi."
If for any reason you believe that you have been in a situation where hazing
has occurred or you believe there is a threat of hazing, please call 800-366-1916.
I am done with the great things and big things; great institutions and big
successes. I am for those tiny, invisible, molecular moral forces that work
from individual to individual; creeping in through the crannies of the world
like so many soft rootlets or like the capillary oozing of water, but which, give
them time, will rend the hardest monument of man's pride.
—Author Unknown (quoted in the January 1932 Lampadion)
33
The Active Undergraduate Member
Rights and Responsibilities
At the conclusion of the initiation program, each initiate assumes the status
of an active member along with all rights and responsibilities. All active members
are expected to maintain at least the minimum academic average required by the
chapter throughout their undergraduate careers. Some chapters have probationary
periods for those who fall below the minimum. This essentially entails a temporary
loss of voting privileges. Often, other chapter members can help those who may
be struggling to improve their study habits and time management skills.
At the time of the induction ceremony, membership in Phi Sigma Pi becomes
permanent. Membership can only be terminated through death or expulsion.
Members expelled from a chapter automatically forfeit their national membership
status as well. Suspension or expulsion of an individual member can occur for,
but is not limited to,
— willful violation or disregard for the National Constitution, Chapter
Bylaws, Fraternal Governance Document, or disobeying lawful Phi
Sigma Pi authority;
— conduct unbecoming of a member of Phi Sigma Pi, such as actions
which would discredit the individual or chapter;
— disrespect for academic excellence or integrity;
— blatant neglect of membership commitments, such as excessive absenteeism or inactivity;
— failure to meet national or chapter financial obligations.
Because each chapter is a democracy, every active member not only has the
right, but also the obligation, to vote on all decisions that affect the operation and
future of the National Fraternity. Additionally, each
active member has the right
to vote on all candidates for
membership to help determine the caliber of brothers
who will inherit the task of
keeping the chapter strong
and productive. With this
selection comes the responsibility of making decisions
that are free of personal
biases and pettiness—decisions which have the best
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interests of Phi Sigma Pi in mind.
All active members have the right to run for chapter office, provided they
meet the requirements of the National Constitution and Chapter Bylaws. All
active members have the right to vote, present proposals, and express their
opinions on issues influencing the chapter. While all members have the right to
object to a particular issue or vote, they also have the responsibility to respect the
wishes and decisions of the majority of the group and to look out for the overall
welfare of the National Fraternity. Only through open-mindedness and discussing viewpoints face-to-face can each member grow both intellectually and
socially.
Each member has the responsibility to respect authority, whether it be toward
chairpersons, Chapter or National Officers, or National Staff. Only through
cooperation can these elected or appointed officials do their jobs efficiently and
productively to benefit the entire organization. Everyone has the responsibility to
respect the opinions of others. Therefore, members of Phi Sigma Pi should be
well-informed about the issues or topics they are advocating or opposing,
especially when the issues will have an impact on chapter operations.
Finally, each active member has the responsibility to know and abide by the
National Constitution, Chapter Bylaws, and Fraternal Governance Document.
This includes, but is not limited to,
—
—
—
—
payment of dues and fees;
meeting all deadlines;
serving on at least one committee per year;
regular attendance at all business meetings, with excused absences only
for circumstances beyond one’s control;
— active participation in chapter projects and events;
— academic integrity.
While each member has the right to request local inactivity from their chapter
for a semester or quarter under extreme circumstances, it is that member's
responsibility not to abuse this privilege or use it as a means to deny responsibilities. It is also the individual's responsibility to inform the chapter in writing of his
or her intent to become inactive for a period of time.
Phi Sigma Pi is strongly opposed to members becoming locally inactive.
Unless the situation is extremely unusual, two consecutive semesters or quarters
of local inactivity may be considered grounds for expulsion. Examples of valid
reasons for local inactivity include, but are not limited to, family death or illness,
personal illness, or other circumstances beyond the individual's control. Being too
busy or not wanting to be active are not valid reasons for claiming inactivity.
The Ideal Chapter Member
The goal of each member must be chapter maximization, not just chapter
35
survival. To achieve this, and the tremendous personal benefits which it confers,
takes leadership skills and open-mindedness on everyone's part.
Each member exerts influence on the rest of the chapter. Whether this is a
positive or negative influence depends upon your understanding of and attitude
toward the Fraternity. For the benefit of the chapter, each member and initiate
should strive for the following:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Knowledge of Phi Sigma Pi. Each member should possess a commanding knowledge and understanding of the National Fraternity, its purpose,
goals, regulations, and policies.
Desire to serve. Every member will be an asset to the group if there is
a deep sense of commitment to the welfare of the organization.
Devotion of time and energy. Each member must be willing to sacrifice
and make time for the advancement of the organization.
Accept responsibility. By accepting the responsibilities of membership,
each member can make positive contributions to the group.
Work with others in team spirit. Cooperation is the key to success for
any group. Remember that this is a democracy; even though you may
not agree with a decision of the majority, you are committed to supporting
it. Stubbornness only creates problems. Cooperative efforts build wider
friendships.
Diligence and motivation. When duties are assigned, members must
see that their part is accomplished thoroughly, and in a timely manner.
Forgetting or procrastinating weakens a chapter. Reach deep inside
yourself and find self-motivation.
Learn to take criticism. No person in a position of authority is immune
from criticism. You must learn to sort out the constructive (from which
you can learn) from the malicious (which you must ignore).
Ability to face adversity. Things will not always go well. Failures will
happen. A good leader learns to take things in stride and learn from these
experiences.
Delegate authority when necessary. Each member who holds authority must be able to give power to others to gain trust and foster motivation
and productivity.
Make decisions. Leadership involves making decisions—sometimes
tough decisions—on a regular basis. You must be prepared to take a
stand for the good of the chapter.
Freedom from prejudices. Narrow-mindedness can present serious
roadblocks to success.
Praise, share credit, and give credit where credit is due. Sharing the
credit and praising others will increase members' enthusiasm and pride.
Concentrate under difficult conditions. A leader must remain calm
and keep the chapter's goals in mind when all others seem to forget.
Assume responsibility for your mistakes. Humility is a strength, not a
36
15.
16.
17.
weakness. Others respect this quality in a leader.
Grow and learn. Leadership cannot be cultivated where there is
stagnation.
Pass on what you have learned. Chapters should not have to reinvent
the wheel each year. Give new members the opportunity to learn from
the experiences of older members so that the chapter is never at a
disadvantage.
Maintain a positive attitude. Problems and tasks seem much easier to
deal with and accomplish when you have the proper attitude. Others
prefer being near those who are optimistic and enthusiastic.
Financial Obligations
Phi Sigma Pi prides itself on being one of the least expensive national
fraternities in existence. However, to maintain the level of service provided to
our chapters, significant finances are required. The National Fraternity exists for
you, and, like an investment, the monies you pay for the privilege of membership
come back to you in the form of many tangible and intangible dividends and
benefits. The tangible dividends are the goods and services provided by the
National Headquarters; the intangible benefits include lifelong friendships,
opportunities for personal and professional advancement, self-satisfaction and
fulfillment, pride, and much more.
All new members of Phi Sigma Pi are responsible for a one-time National
Induction Fee, established by the National Council. For this fee, each new
member receives a membership certificate, handbook, and permanent record
implementation.
All active and inactive members in residence are required to pay National
Dues, as established by the National Council, by October 15 and March 1 of each
academic year (for those institutions on a quarter system, dues are to be paid by
October 30, January 30, and April 30 of each academic year). These dues must
also be paid by all newly inducted members. For these monies, members receive
the Purple & Gold newsletter as well as eligibility benefits for the many services
provided by the National Fraternity to active chapters and members, such as
chapter visitations by National Staff, consultations, conventions, regional conferences, training manuals, e-mail, and handbooks for each semester or quarter.
There is a destiny that makes us brothers. None goes his way alone. All
that we send into the lives of others comes back into our own.
—Edwin Markham (frequently quoted by Dr. Richard C. Todd)
37
The Active Collegiate Chapter
Chapter Structure
The undergraduate chapter is the most dynamic unit of Phi Sigma Pi.
Chapters experience a large degree of autonomy in finding their own balance of
scholarship, leadership, and fellowship through their selection of academic,
service and activities.
While chapters essentially chart their own course, there are rules and
regulations of the National Fraternity that serve to protect the ideals, image,
prosperity, and financial stability of the national entity. Chapters are granted the
powers, authority, privileges, and honors of membership in Phi Sigma Pi as long
as they abide by the National Constitution and Fraternal Governance Document,
and provided their actions do not jeopardize the welfare of the national organization. Above all, each chapter is expected to contribute positively to the growth
of the National Fraternity as a whole.
Each chapter is governed by its own Chapter Bylaws, which cannot conflict
with the National Constitution. The bylaws are the basis for chapter operation
and organization. The chapter is organized into officers and committees. Each
chapter member, in recognition of his or her obligations to Phi Sigma Pi, is
expected to accept responsibility and demonstrate leadership skills throughout his
or her undergraduate years in the chapter. It is vital to a chapter's survival to
select officers and chairpersons who have great enthusiasm and love for Phi
Sigma Pi. Chapters can reach their full potential only if they can rely on the hard
work and leadership skills of a large percentage of their members.
Everyone must give 100 percent.
A good leader is one who knows where he is going and can guide others
into better situations in life. He makes people want to do, to grow and
to attain desirable ends. . . Any person who is entitled to bear the emblem
of this fraternity is quite above the average possibility in the direction of
leadership ability. He should choose unhesitatingly to develop this
potentiality to its utmost . . . A good leader must be a good follower. He
must improve all the while. He must be satisfied to accept people as he
finds them or meets them. He must not complain or nag. . . He must
be tolerant and unpretending.
—Simon S. Shearer
38
Chapter Officers
Officers are elected annually by a vote of the eligible chapter members.
Chapter officers should have completed at least one full semester or quarter of
active membership, not including the semester of initiation. Chapter presidents
should have completed at least two full semesters or two full quarters.
Elected positions within the chapter typically make up the Executive Board.
The board consists of, but is not limited to, a president, vice president, secretary,
treasurer, initiate advisor, parliamentarian and historian. These chapter members
will democratically organize the chapter and oversee the daily chapter operations.
As a committee, they have the power to act on behalf of the chapter on matters
of immediate importance. Therefore, officers should have excellent leadership,
communication, and time management skills. Please refer to the National
Constitution for more specific duties.
Chapter Committees
Ideas become reality through the action and interaction of committees.
Chapters have both permanent and temporary committees. Permanent committees exist for an indefinite period of time due to an ongoing need. Temporary
committees are formed on a short-term basis, and as needs arise.
Chapters require members to actively participate on at least one permanent
committee per year. The typical permanent committees include the following:
1. Service. Plans projects to provide financial assistance and manpower
to national, local, and university charities.
2. Fund-raising. Raises funds for chapter use or for the benefit of charity.
3. Program and Public Relations. Promotes scholarship by scheduling
speakers, seminars, and workshops. This committee also assists in
advertising fraternity events in the media.
4. Alumni. Keeps alumni informed of events and chapter progress.
5. Awards and Scholarship. Provides for the recognition of outstanding
fraternity members and distinguished citizens.
6. Social and Recreational. Plans functions which allow for interaction
and the fostering of fraternal fellowship.
7. Initiation. Assists the Initiate Advisor and provides for dedicated
leadership for the future through the recruitment and training of new
members.
Rules of Parliamentary Procedure
Rules of parliamentary procedure were developed to guarantee the rights of
persons or subgroups within an organization's total membership and to help
ensure that meetings run more smoothly. While parliamentary procedure should
39
place reasonable time limits on discussion and set an order for topics to be
debated, it should never be used as a means to silence members or stifle ideas.
Each chapter should possess a copy of the most current edition of Robert's
Rules of Order Newly Revised. The following outline includes some of the
basics:
I. Order of Business
A. Call to order
B. Reading and correction or approval of minutes from last meeting
C. Officer reports
D. Permanent or standing committees' reports
E. Temporary or special committees' reports
F. Unfinished business
G. New business
H. Adjournment
II. How to Bring a Motion Before the Chapter
A. A member or committee makes a motion in the form, "I/we move that
(state the motion in the form of an action)."
1. Motion made by a member requires a second
2. Motion from a committee does not require a second
3. Second merely means that another person agrees that the motion
should come up for discussion
B. President repeats the motion and asks for discussion
C. Members may have a set amount of time to speak pro or con to the
motion
III. How to Vote on a Motion
A. Voice (most common method)
B. Rising
C. Show of hands
D. Secret ballot (for election of officers, voting on new members, and
voting on events where an individual's choice is best kept private)
IV. How to Amend a Motion
A. Add or insert certain words or paragraphs
B. Strike out certain words or paragraphs (if that motion fails to pass,
another amendment is possible)
C. Strike out certain words or paragraphs and insert others (this motion
cannot be divided, but if it fails to pass, another one can be offered to
strike out the same words and insert different words)
D. Substitute another resolution or paragraph on the same subject for the
one that is pending
E. Divide the question into two or more motions, as specified by the
mover, to get a separate vote on some point(s)
40
Characteristics of a Stable Chapter
Strong Leadership and Foresight. Encourage a team effort by delegating
responsibility and involving others in the planning and work. Select committee
chairpersons carefully. Give credit to those who have done the job well; be on
top of those who are lacking in their responsibilities.
Good Meetings. Keep meetings prompt and relevant. Allow for full
discussion of all views. Good meetings are informative, productive, and free of
ambiguities. The use of parliamentary procedure and well-constructed agendas
provide for good meetings.
Good Projects. Successful projects are the direct result of sound advanced
planning. A good project has a thorough design, sufficient members for completion, successful advertising, and a well thought-out plan for dealing with any
potential problems.
Good Organization. This stems from strong leadership, sound planning,
and conscientious follow-through. Effective officers and committee chairs are
essential to conduct meetings, special events, activities, or projects.
Ample Dedicated Members. Initiation programs must strive for dedicated,
knowledgeable, trustworthy, caring brothers. Chapters cannot survive on ideas
alone; they must have bodies. Quantity, without forsaking quality, is always
insurance that the chapter will survive the effects of graduation, attrition,
occasional poor recruitment practices, and lean semesters. As a good planning
procedure, chapters are required by the National Constitution to hold an initiation
program twice a year.
Healthy active chapters are also marked by the following:
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
involvement, both on an individual and chapter basis;
member dedication and enthusiasm;
strong recruitment and initiation programs;
chapter structure as dictated by the National Constitution;
regard for the knowledge and advice of alumni, National Officers,
and National Staff;
a positive campus reputation;
conflict management/resolution before problems escalate;
communication among the membership about events and meetings;
regular communication with the National Headquarters;
financial stability.
41
The Role of Alumni
Many fraternity members do not realize how much their chapters have
done for them or meant to them until after graduation. Imagine how different
your life would be if no one had introduced you to Phi Sigma Pi. As an
alumnus/a, you have the opportunity to pay back a small part of the debt you
may feel and at the same time provide insurance that, in the future, others
can share in the same beneficial experiences that you had with Phi Sigma Pi.
Because membership in Phi Sigma Pi is a lifetime commitment, your
duties, obligations, and benefits extend well beyond your undergraduate
years. There is an important role for all Phi Sigma Pi members long after they
have left their undergraduate chapters. Upon graduation or transfer, each
active member assumes alumni status. While the opportunity to participate
in the daily activities of the chapter is now impossible, alumni members
remain Phi Sigma Pi brothers and can still render valuable support and
service to the collegiate chapter and the National Fraternity. Whether it is
by joining the chapter at a homecoming football game, attending a founders
day banquet, donating money to a national or chapter scholarship, or
participating in an alumni chapter, each alumni member has the potential to
help provide chapters and the National Fraternity with long-term strength
and stability.
Alumni who continue to stay involved do so for many of the same reasons
that undergraduate members do. Making lifelong friendships is still possible,
42
and so are the opportunities to help others. Staying involved allows alumni
to renew and uphold the ideals that bind all members of Phi Sigma Pi
together.
Alumni participation is as limitless as you wish to make it. Alumni
members can continue to take part in National Fraternity activities on a
variety of levels. Helping to organize an alumni chapter or playing an active
role as a member of an alumni chapter is just one way to remain involved.
Often, new collegiate chapters are added to Phi Sigma Pi through the
direct assistance of alumni graduate students. These alumni can be valuable
resources of experience and knowledge to a new and inexperienced group.
In addition, the alumnus/a who initiates the formation of a new undergraduate
chapter will receive the title and distinction of being the founder of that
chapter. If you consider doing graduate work at a school where there is no
Phi Sigma Pi chapter, contact the National Headquarters to see what
opportunities are available.
In addition, an alumnus/a may participate in and contribute to Phi Sigma
Pi in the following ways:
— serving as a National Officer;
— serving as an alumni advisor or assisting local undergraduate chapters in their initiation programs, projects, job placement programs,
alumni programs, or financial plans;
— encouraging college-bound students who show excellent potential to
get involved with Phi Sigma Pi at their school;
— attending the annual National Convention or summer Grand Chapter
Conference;
— joining one of the several National Council Standing Committees
created to help form ideas and programs which will continually
improve the fraternity;
— utilizing the Purple & Gold newsletter to stay current on Phi Sigma
Pi happenings, as well as share news about yourself with the
brotherhood;
— notifying the National Headquarters of all address changes;
— providing financial assistance for national programs such as the
Annual Campaign for Excellence, scholarships, leadership seminars,
chapter development, and national conventions and conferences.
If each of the more than 20,000 alumni members made monetary
contributions to Phi Sigma Pi, not only would the financial condition of the
national treasury be bolstered, but the National Fraternity's ability to provide
assistance to the undergraduate chapters and expand its programs and
services for all members would increase immensely. Ultimately, this financial security would allow Phi Sigma Pi membership to be offered to many
more college students nationwide.
43
Take full advantage of the many opportunities available to you to stay
involved as an alumnus/a. Maintain your ties with the National Fraternity and
continue to reap the benefits of membership while helping to strengthen and
improve Phi Sigma Pi at the same time.
Joining an Alumni Chapter
Although Phi Sigma Pi offers alumni a wide range of opportunities to
continue to participate in the fraternity, many alumni are looking for a means of
actively participating in Phi Sigma Pi National Honor Fraternity.
If you are interested in continuing to uphold the ideals of scholarship,
leadership, and fellowship with other Phi Sigma Pi members, you should consider
joining an alumni chapter.
By becoming involved in an alumni chapter, you may be an invaluable resource
to collegiate chapters by providing career networks and offering sound advice. An
alumni chapter acts as a service, fund-raising, and social outlet for Phi Sigma Pi
alumni.There is also a National Alumni Association which encompasses all alumni.
Activating an Alumni Chapter
If an alumni chapter does not exist in your area, you can activate one by using
some or all of the following ways to get started:
Personal Contact: Contact Phi Sigma Pi alumni in your area to determine if
they are interested in starting and actively participating in an alumni chapter.
Publicize: Announce your interest in starting an alumni chapter by sending the
National Headquarters an article to be published in the Purple & Gold. Over
600 alumni receive the national newsletter. Perhaps you will spark the interest
of someone in your area!
Collegiate Chapter: Contact the alumni committee chairperson at the collegiate chapter(s) in your area. They can include your plans in any of the mailings
they send to alumni.
Listing: Contact the National Headquarters for a listing of alumni in your area.
Invitation: Send out a letter explaining your interest in an alumni chapter and
invite these alumni to meet with you if they share your interest.
Petition: You must have at least ten alumni who are interested in starting an
alumni chapter before you can petition the National Council.
Association: The National Council must review and approve your petition.
Upon approval, the interest group will obtain association status. The association
is responsible for completing set objectives.
Recognition: One year from the date of association approval, the National
Council will review the accomplishments of the association. If the association
meets all requirements, it will be recognized as a chartered alumni chapter.
44
The National Organization
Structure of the Organization
The national organization of Phi Sigma Pi consists of the Grand Chapter, the
National Council and the chapters. The Grand Chapter is the supreme legislative
body of the National Fraternity and consists of the National Council and one
delegate from each chapter. Each National Officer and each collegiate chapter
delegate receives one vote during official business and alumni chapters have a voice
during debate. The Grand Chapter meets annually.
The supreme executive and administrative body of the National Fraternity is
the National Council. The seven volunteer National Officers are elected to the
National Council every two years by the Grand Chapter. These officers are the
national president, senior vice president, national secretary, vice president of
finance, vice president of membership development, vice president of chapter
development, and vice president of alumni development. The National Council
is charged with enforcing the National Constitution and leading the fraternity
through strategic planning. The National Council meets a minimum of three times
The National Organization
Grand Chapter
National Council
National Staff
National Committees
Collegiate and Alumni Chapters
45
each year, and their duties are listed under Article VII of the National
Constitution.
The National Council employs full-time professionals to assist in the administrative affairs of the fraternity. The National Staff includes an executive director,
director of expansion, director of member services, director of public relations,
chapter consultants, office manager and an administrative assistant. These
individuals allow the National Headquarters to function as a business entity on a
daily basis (note-job titles and duties are subject to change).
Duties of the National Staff
The National Council is the governing body of Phi Sigma Pi National Honor
Fraternity, subject to the direction of the Grand Chapter. Therefore, the National
Council has supreme power, subordinate only to the Grand Chapter. The executive
director is hired by the National Council to carry out the affairs of Phi Sigma Pi.
The executive director, at the direction of the National Council, hires the director
of expansion, director of member services, director of public relations, chapter
consultants, office manager, administrative assistant, and any other office
support staff . The National Staff are employees of the National Fraternity.
Members of the National Staff are subject to review every twelve months. They
are bonded and reimbursed for travel expenses as deemed necessary by the
National Council.
The National Council interprets the wishes and mandates of the Grand Chapter
and transforms them into concrete and instructive policies. All decisions concerning
policy are made by the National Council. As the chief administrative officer of the
National Fraternity, the executive director provides the National Council with the
information it needs to make those decisions. Specifically, in direct consultation
with the National Council, the executive director is responsible for supervising the
National Staff; planning conventions, Grand Chapter conferences, and National
Council meetings; and overseeing the financial matters of the fraternity.
The director of expansion's primary responsibility is the activation of new
collegiate chapters throughout the United States. This individual first conducts
extensive research to determine which collegiate institutions are best suited to
further the advancement of Phi Sigma Pi's mission and goals as well as the viability
of chapters at these particular campuses. This is carried out in consultation with
the National Council. After making initial contacts, a working relationship is
developed with the administration at prospective schools, introductory meetings
are planned, and meeting locations, dates, and times are established. The director
of expansion then takes the actions necessary to start each new chapter which has
been approved by the National Council for activation, which includes conducting
meet nights, organizational meetings, induction ceremonies, and any follow-up
meetings necessary for the guidance of the new chapter's executive board and
membership.
The director of member services is responsible for alumni development,
46
managing the annual campaign for excellence, developing corporate sponsorships and investigating affinity programs to increase member services and nondues revenues. In addition, the director of member services is also the supervisor
and trainer of the region consultants. Other duties include all publications, ranging
from the Purple & Gold to The Scholar's Province to the website and all other
manuals as well as brochures and posters.
Phi Sigma Pi's chapter consultants are the main link between the active collegiate
chapters and the National Council. Although their duties can best be summed up by
saying that they counsel the chapters via extensive phone contact, e-mail, and chapter
visitations, there are many facets to this responsibility. Besides the occasional
emergency trips made to chapters in immediate need of assistance, the region
consultants plan developmental trips to each of their chapters on a regular basis. They
meet with chapter officers, committee chairs, advisors, and the entire membership
whenever possible, to discuss such matters as advertising, membership development
and recruiting practices, image enhancement, and productivity. They help to
evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the chapters, and aid in developing
guidelines and programs designed to benefit all chapters. In addition to monitoring
chapter initiation programs and assisting with the activation of new chapters, the
region consultants also produce a number of chapter reports during the year to
keep the National Council abreast of the progress of all Phi Sigma Pi chapters.
The office manager works closely with the support staff; oversees the receipt
of chapter forms, fees and dues, and notifies chapters of any delinquencies;
supervises the administrative assistant; ensures that a sufficient quantity of office and
chapter supplies are always kept in stock; assists with convention and meeting
planning; supervises the fraternity's chapter and mass mailing efforts; and attends to
the financial needs of the fraternity, such as paying bills and preparing bank deposits.
The administrative assistant works hand-in-hand with the entire staff to ensure
that the National Headquarters functions smoothly on a daily basis. This individual
is responsible for performing the bulk of the fraternity's database management;
processing all paperwork and mail which comes into and is sent out of the National
Headquarters; assisting with the fraternity's chapter and mass mailing efforts; assisting
with preparations for new chapter activation; carrying out other general clerical,
office, and administrative duties as necessary; and acting as the office receptionist
and switchboard operator.
The National Staff works together as a team to accomplish the tasks set before
them. Staff duties may overlap or be shared if necessary to get the job done.
Chapters are encouraged to keep the lines of communication open between the
active membership and the National Headquarters—whether there are potential
problems to be solved or there is simply some good news to be shared.
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Professional Fraternity Association Membership Benefits
On September 10, 1993, Phi Sigma Pi National Honor Fraternity became a
member of the Professional Fraternity Association (hereafter referred to as the
PFA). This organization, formed in 1977, exists to advocate and encourage
excellence in scholarship, the advancement of professional and interfraternity
ethics, and cooperation among member fraternities for the advancement of
fraternal ideals. It also desires to encourage the formation of area/campus
professional fraternity councils on campuses of recognized colleges, universities,
and professional schools, and serves to identify and advise member fraternities of
social, political, and economic legislation which could affect their operations. The
PFA meets annually in convention at various sites throughout the United States to
conduct business, participate in educational seminars, honor outstanding individuals in the professional world, and to share fellowship and ideas.
To be eligible for membership in the PFA, a fraternity must be national or
international in character and charter its institutional chapters only at appropriately
accredited colleges, universities, or professional schools. Membership in the PFA
not only serves to enhance Phi Sigma Pi's credibility in the eyes of university faculty,
administration, and prospective members, but it also provides the opportunity for
the national organization to interact with similar organizations and gain insight into
their structure and the member services which they offer.
Through Phi Sigma Pi's membership in the PFA, a long-standing goal of the
National Council has finally been realized—to achieve recognition by a respected
national association whose goals parallel many of our own. The PFA has provided
us with perspective on how Phi Sigma Pi fits into the fraternity world. It has opened
new doors and given us many new ideas and resources for the development and
well-being of our fraternity. And, in the spirit of Phi Sigma Pi, it has also given us
the opportunity to provide support, encouragement, and advice to other professional fraternities who may be struggling through the very early stages of
development.
National Services and Supplies
The National Fraternity constantly strives to enhance its operations as well as the
services it provides to its members. Recent improvements include the development
and implementation of a more sophisticated database system, which will allow
chapters to fill out the necessary semester/quarter forms online. In addition, chapter
members will have the ability to pay dues, convention, and grand chapter fees
online. The fraternity website will be updated with all forms and information so
the user can make use of a virtual "one stop" experience. Even The Purple &
Gold will be on the website. Finally, The Scholar's Province will be available
on CD-Rom.
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The following is a breakdown of the specific supplies, services, and publications
available to all members through the National Headquarters.
National Fraternity Supplies
Banners
Brochures
Camera-ready Artwork
Certificates of Recognition
Decals (displaying the Coat of Arms)
Folders
Fraternity Song on CD
Gavel and Sounding Block
Handbooks (The Scholar's Province) on CD
Jewelry (via national supplier)
Manuals
National Fraternity Services
Advice and Consultation
Advertising
Communication
Dues and Fees
Fund-raising
History and Archives
Image Enhancement
Leadership Training
Morale Improvement
National Constitution/Chapter Bylaws
Financial Assistance
Grand Chapter Conference
National Convention and Awards
National Web Site
Property Insurance
National Forms
Newspaper Ads
Notecards
Pens and Pencils
Posters (for advertising purposes)
Recruitment Videotape
Rollbooks
Shingles (membership certificates)
Sportswear (via national supplier)
Telephone and Address Listings
National Requirements
Recruitment and Initiation
Risk Management
Scholarships and Awards
Service Projects
Social Events
Speakers and Seminars
Special Events
Unification of a New Group
Chapter visits
Toll Free Number
National Manuals and Publications
Anti-Hazing Policy
Committee Manuals
Alumni
Awards & Scholarships
Fund-raising
Public Relations and Programming
Service
Social
Fraternal Governance Document
Ice Breakers Manual
Minutes from National Council
and Grand Chapter Meetings
National Constitution
Officer Training Manuals
President
Vice President
Secretary
Treasurer
Recruitment/Initiation Advisor
Parliamentarian
Historian
Phi Sigma Pi Ceremonies
Purple & Gold Newsletter
Risk Management Manual
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The Annual National Convention and Grand Chapter Conference
Phi Sigma Pi believes that an annual National Convention is essential to the
education, enthusiasm, communication, and continuity of our brotherhood. It is
a time-honored event which brings students, alumni, faculty, and honored guests
together to enjoy a weekend of activity, fellowship, and personal growth. One
of the many benefits of membership is the opportunity to attend this convention
usually held in November. Past sites have included Baltimore, Maryland;
Washington, D.C.; Charlottesville and Norfolk, Virginia; Cincinnati, Ohio; Chattanooga, Tennessee; and Atlanta, Georgia.
The fall convention normally begins on a Friday evening with registration and
the traditional chapter bazaar. Brothers who attend convention participate in
various educational seminars and fellowship events, and service projects throughout the weekend and can tour the local sites of interest, if time allows. The highlight
of convention is the semi-formal awards banquet and dance held on Saturday
evening. Convention formally ends on Sunday around noontime.
The first annual summer Grand Chapter Conference was held in July of 1993
in Millersville, Pennsylvania. This conference provides an opportunity for
interested chapter members to become involved in fraternity business and attend
educational sessions as well as meet and discuss issues with other chapters, the
National Council and National Staff.
Grand Chapter Conference registration is usually held on a Thursday evening.
The Grand Chapter Conference is dedicated to discussing fraternity business. If
time permits, educational seminars and exercises, committee meetings, and special
activities are also conducted during this conference. The Grand Chapter
Conference concludes on Sunday around mid-day after all remaining Grand
Chapter business has been fully discussed.
Phi Sigma Pi believes that the annual National Convention and Grand Chapter
Conference are unique opportunities for fellowship and growth which should be
experienced by all brothers at least once during their undergraduate years.
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Glossary
Active member ..................... a collegiate member who obtained membership and is in
good standing.
Alumna ................................ singular term for a female member of a fraternity who has
graduated or is no longer in college.
Alumnae ............................... plural form for alumna. (Pronounced alumn-nee)
Alumni ................................. plural form for alumnus or a combined group of alumnus
and alumna. (Pronounced alum-neye)
Alumnus .............................. singular term for a male member of a fraternity who has
graduated or is no longer in college.
Bid ........................................ an invitation to join the initation program.
Bylaws ................................. local governing document supplementing the National
Constitution.
Collegian .............................. signifying a member of a particular chapter on a college
campus; She was a collegian at Zeta Zeta Chapter.
Collegiate ............................. describing a member or chapter; His collegiate chapter is
Zeta Zeta.
Grand Chapter ...................... the National Council, the Collegiate Chapters and the
Alumni Chapters.
Incorporated ........................ a process by which an organization receives a state charter
allowing it to operate as a nonprofit corporation.
Initiate .................................. a man or woman who is currently involved in a Phi Sigma
Pi chapter initiation program.
National Constitution .......... the governing document of our fraternity
National Headquarters ......... the physical location where the National Staff works.
National Office ..................... the National Staff and the National Council.
The Ritual ............................ the ceremony in which life long membership is confirmed
(also known as Formal Induction).
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