Gifford Pinchot
History of the Environment
1900-1949
By
Sam Van Doren and Willie Maritz
 Gifford Pinchot was the first Chief of the United
States Forest Service (1905–1910) and the 28th
Governor of Pennsylvania.
 He is known for reforming the management and
development of forests in the United States and for
advocating the conservation of the nation's reserves
by planned use and renewal. He called it "the art of
producing from the forest whatever it can yield for
the service of man." Pinchot coined the term
conservation ethic as applied to natural resources.
1900-1949
Aldo Leopold
 Aldo Leopold was an american
environmentalist, forester, and ecologist.
 He was a professor at the university of
Wisconson, and is known for his book, A
Sand County Almanac.
 He was very influential in devolping modern
environmental ethics and wilderness
conservation.
 He was a founder of the science of wildlife
management
FFDCA
 (Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act)
 This act was a set of laws passed by congress
in 1938 giving authority to the U.S. Food and
Drug Administration (FDA) to oversee the
safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics.
 The introduction of this act was influenced by
the death of more than 100 patients due to a
sulfanilamide medication where diethylene
glycol was used to dissolve the drug and
make a liquid form. It replaced the earlier
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906.
Theodore Roosevelt
National Park Service
Teddy was the 26th president of the U.S.
Did a of of good stuff for the environment
Setting aside land for national forests
Establishing wildlife refuges
Developing the farmlands of the American West
Advocated protection of natural resources
Reclamation Act of 1902 turned arid southwest land into
farmland
 Helped with soil and water conservation, preservation of forests,
and areas for recreation
 Has a national park named for him in North Dakota
 The National Park Service was created on
August 25, 1916, by Congress through the
National Park Service Organic Act.
 It is the U.S. federal agency that manages all
national parks, many national monuments,
and other conservation and historical
properties with various title designations.
Leaded Gasoline
Wilderness Society
 Gasoline treated with a lead comound to
reduce motor knocks
 Bad for the Environment
 Combustion of gasoline released lead into the
air which could lead to lead poisoning
 Leaded gas was used just after WWI because
it was cheaper to make and use
 The Wilderness Society is an American
organization that is dedicated to protecting
America's wilderness.
 It was formed in 1935 and currently has over
300,000 members and supporters
 One of The Wilderness Societyʼs strengths is
building coalitions consisting of environmental
groups, as well as representatives of the faith
community, sportsmen, ranchers, scientists,
business owners, and others.
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St. Louis Smog Episode
 The 1939 St. Louis smog was a severe smog
episode that affected St. Louis, Missouri in
the United States in 1939. Visibility was so
bad that for a week residents had to use
lanterns during the daytime to see outside
 It was caused by large scale use of coal to
power and heat homes around St. Louis.
Thanks for
listening!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
National Parks and Access to
the Countryside Act of 1949
 This act was passed by the Parliament of the
United Kingdom which created the National
Parks Commission which then became the
Countryside Commission and later became
the Countryside Agency
 It provided the framework for the creation of
national parks and Areas of Outstanding
Natural Beauty in Englnd and Wales.