AP Environmental Science
Test Chapter 17 Plus: Soils, Food Supply, Water Treatment
Name _____________________________________
1.
Scientific risk assessment
a. Determines when an event is certainly going to happen.
b. Analyzes data to determine the chance of an event occurring.
c. Risk assessment is a personal choice. If you feel there is a risk, there is a risk.
d. Identifies the hazard, determines the probability of risk, and also identifies the consequence of the risk.
2.
Health risks facing a family due to low income are which type of hazard?
a. Biological hazards
b. Chemical hazards
c. Physical hazards
d. Cultural hazards
e. Lifestyle choices
3.
MORE THAN ONE POSSIBLE ANSWER ALERT. The proposed sand plant has accompanying hazards. Which of
the following are hazards that come with the plant?
a. Biological hazards
b. Chemical hazards
c. Physical hazards
d. Cultural hazards
e. Lifestyle choices
4.
Which of the following is a pairing of nontransmissible and transmissible diseases?
a. Asthma: heart disease
b. Malnutrition: influenza
c. The common cold: measles
d. Diabetes: Cerebral palsy
5.
The incidence of infectious diseases has dropped world-wide. This is probably due mostly to
a. Many pathogens have developed resistance to antibiotics
b. Many insect vectors of diseases have become resistant to commonly used insecticides
c. Sanitation around the world has improved
d. Viruses are not affected by antibiotics
6.
If the cases of H1N1 virus increased to very high numbers in Chippewa County, this would be a(n)
a. epidemic
b. pandemic
7.
Which of the following is NOT considered by the authors of your text one of the deadliest viruses?
a. Rhinovirus
b. Influenza virus
c. Hepatitis B virus
d. HIV
8.
Mutagens are chemical substances that
a. Promote or cause cancer
b. Harm a fetus or embryo
c. Cause changes in DNA
d. None of the above
9.
Teratogens are substances that
a. Promote or cause cancer
b. Harm a fetus or embryo
c. Cause changes in DNA
d. None of the above
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AP Environmental Science
Test Chapter 17 Plus: Soils, Food Supply, Water Treatment
10. Birth defects in China have increased by nearly 40%. The leading suspect is
a. Growing pollution levels
b. Poor sanitary conditions
c. A changing diet
d. Increased economic advantages for traditionally poor rural residents
11. The EPA has identified the most toxic substances. The following are belong to this group EXCEPT
a. Mercury
b. Lead
c. Polychlorinated biphenols
d. Iron (III) ions
e. Vinyl chloride
12. MULTIPLE ANSWERS ALERT. Toxic substances affect the body’s immune, nervous, and endocrine system.
Which of the following is affected by arsenic?
a. Immune system
b. Nervous system
c. Endocrine system
13. Which system will be affected by phthalates?
a. Immune system
b. Nervous system
c. Endocrine system
14. What percentage of registered synthetic chemicals have been thoroughly screened for toxicity?
a. 90%
b. 80%
c. 50%
d. 20%
e. 10%
15. What percentage of registered synthetic chemicals have been screened as carcinogens, mutagens, and teratogens?
a. 60%
b. 30%
c. 15%
d. 2%
16. What percent of drinking water comes from underground sources?
a. 100%
b. 80%
c. 70%
d. 50%
17. Which of the following would contain the most organic material, humus (excluding peat and muck)?
a. Horizon A
b. Horizon B
c. Horizon C
d. Bed rock
18. Where do the nutrients in soil go?
a. They are absorbed by the plants growing in it
b. They are carried away by wind erosion
c. They are carried away by water
d. All of the above
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AP Environmental Science
Test Chapter 17 Plus: Soils, Food Supply, Water Treatment
19. Soil eroded by runoff causes turbidity
a. and can clog stream channels
b. Will diminish the amount of light penetrating the water column
c. Asphyxiates fish eggs and small invertebrates
d. All of the above
e. B and C are the only correct responses
20. Salinization of soil occurs when
a. Salty ground water comes to the surface
b. Minute amounts of salt in irrigation water vaporize and then condenses on the cool soil
c. Low concentrations of salt in irrigation water remain when the water evaporates before it is absorbed into
the soil
d. Salt in the soil is the result of chemical reactions between plants and soil
21. MULTIPLE ANSWERS ALERT. Which of the following would be a way to promote desertification?
a. Increase ground cover
b. Decrease ground cover
c. Prolong drought
d. Reduce the length and intensity of a drought
22. The unconsolidated soil above bedrock is referred to as
a. Parent material
b. Loess
c. Clay
d. Regolith
23. Which of the following is parent material put in place by moving liquid water?
a. Minerals and rocks
b. Glacial deposits
c. Alluvial deposits
d. Peat and muck
24. Which of the following is solid, inorganic, and chemically uniform?
a. Minerals
b. Rocks
c. Alluvial deposits
d. Peat and muck
25. Which of the following is NOT used in the final treatment of drinking water?
a. Chlorine
b. Ozone
c. Ultra-violet light
d. Aeration
Short Answer. 3 points. Keep your responses brief. Lists and incomplete sentences are appropriate here.
1.
What are the main purposes of primary waste-water treatment? Include some of the equipment that accomplishes those
goals.
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AP Environmental Science
Test Chapter 17 Plus: Soils, Food Supply, Water Treatment
2.
Why is the sludge from secondary treatment used for fertilizer and not the sludge from primary treatment?
3.
What is “Biological Nutrient Removal” and how is it involved in tertiary treatment of waste-water?
4.
What evidence did the authors of one of your assigned articles give when they wrote that there is enough food to feed
the world?
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AP Environmental Science
Test Chapter 17 Plus: Soils, Food Supply, Water Treatment
Essays start here. Answer two of the questions.
1.
Describe how encouraging soil conservation reduces the cost of food.
2.
Which would be a better source of drinking and cooking water, ground water or surface water. Be sure to include the
dangers found in both.
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AP Environmental Science
Test Chapter 17 Plus: Soils, Food Supply, Water Treatment
3.
Identify four risks that need to be addressed concerning the construction and operation of the proposed sand plant in
Chippewa Falls. Choose two of these risks and describe how these risks can be reduced or explain how these risks
are outweighed by the benefits of having the sand plant.
4. What are HAAs? Name two and describe the action of one specific HAA that is of concern
today.
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