Emergency Preparedness
for Schools
Presented by
Rod Pruitt
Region 14 ESC
School Emergency Management
School emergency management should
use the four phases of emergency management as
the framework for planning and implementation.
• The four phases are:
– Prevention-Mitigation
– Preparedness
– Response
– Recovery
School Emergency Management
School emergency management should
adopt and “all-hazards” approach to emergency
management. The emergency plan should deal
with a full range of hazards that threaten school.
• All-hazards plan should be ready to deal with:
– Non-custodial parent
– Tornado
– Student injury
– Suspected gun
School Emergency Management
School emergency management should
engage in a comprehensive planning process that
addresses the particular circumstances and
environment for their school. You can not just
adapt a model plan or copy plan from another
school.
What comes from the planning process is:
• A real understanding of your school
strengths and weaknesses.
• Relationships and collaboration built
during that process that you can count on.
School Emergency Management
School emergency management should
Take a collaborative approach to emergency
management, both inside and out side of the
school. You need to involve a variety of
departments inside of the school system and reach
out to community partners and first responders.
Community partners:
Public
Non-profit
Private
First Responders
School Emergency Management
An emergency or crisis ranges in scope
and intensity. The impact of an emergency can be
on a single student or an entire community.
Crises can happen before, during, or after school
hours.
Emergencies can happen on or
off school campuses.
School Emergency Management
There are certain topics that are common
to all four phases:
• Roles and responsibilities defined
• Collaborating and communicating with
community partners
• Action steps
• Training
• Practicing the emergency management plan
School Emergency Management
• Assessing Risk- Identifying the hazards
that could potentially affect a school along with
estimating the likelihood that each hazard could
occur.
• Assessing Vulnerabilities- Determining the
characteristics of the school that increase
susceptibility to hazards.
• Assessing Consequences- Measuring the range of
loss or damage that would occur from the impact
of an incident.
School Emergency Management
Prevention- is the action schools and
districts take to decrease the likelihood that an
event or crisis will occur.
Mitigation- is the action schools and districts take
to eliminate or reduce the loss of life and
property damage related to an event or crisis,
particularly those that cannot be prevented.
Not all things can be prevented but all things can
be mitigated.
School Emergency Management
Prevention-Mitigation actions include:
• Keeping areas locked and secure
• Marking shutoff valves, fuse boxes, and other
critical systems
• Bolting bookshelves to the wall, safety glass
• Fencing hazardous areas
• Applying Crime Prevention Through
Environmental Design (CPTED) principles to
school grounds
Safety Walks
Safety walks assess these critical areas:
• Building Access by the public
• Storage issues
• Interior safety issues
• Exterior safety issues
• Science labs
• Signs and documents
• Student and personnel perceptions
Safety Walks
Building Access by the Public
• How long could a stranger walk around your
school without a visitors badge before
personnel would escort them to the office?
• My average time with 20 schools in 12 school
districts has been 35 minutes.
• I pass an average of 6 teachers
and 5 unsupervised students.
Safety Walks
Building Access by the Public
• If a stranger was escorted to the office to get a
visitors badge would they need to furnish a
picture ID?
• It is best practice to have an
unknown visitor sign in and
show a drivers license before giving a visitors
badge.
• It is best practice to update a custodial parent
information each semester.
Safety Walks
Building Access by the Public
• How many different entrances do you have in
your school?
• How many non-traditional entrance points
(windows, roof access…) do you have in your
school?
• Best practice is one entrance after the 1st bell.
• If other entrances are needed
for outbuildings they need to be
watched and signs need to be posted.
Safety Walks
Building Access by the Public
• Once in the building how many rooms, storage
areas, and other areas are unlocked and
unsupervised?
• Best practice is that every area that is
unsupervised or not in use needs to
be locked.
• Examples: janitors closet, locker room,
auditorium, maintenance areas, band and band
practice rooms, classrooms, storage areas…
Safety Walks
Building Access by the Public
• If I was a troubled student or stranger what
would I find in a school storage area? Would
you want me to have access to these items?
• Breaker boxes, internet hubs, phone panels,
alarm and camera systems, chemicals,
equipment, and records.
Safety Walks
Improperly Stored Chemicals
• Do teachers store any chemicals in their classrooms?
• Any chemical labeled
– “Keep out of the Reach of Children”
– “May be Harmful if Swallowed”
– “Flammable”
– “Inhalant”
– “Poisonous”
• need to be kept in locked or high storage.
• Any medication needs to be locked in storage or kept in
the nurse office.
Safety Walks
Science Labs
• Safety equipment
– Fire extinguisher, fire blanket, eye wash (checked
monthly), body wash, vent hood, master shut off
valve, secondary exit
• Chemical safety
– MSDS data sheets updated, locked
chemical storage, chemicals coded
for compatibility, all containers labeled, separate
storage units for Nitric Acid, Flammables, Bases,
and Acid, No Mercury on site
Safety Walks
Interior Safety Issues
• Trip hazards
– Exposed wires, loose floor covering,
hallway and passage obstructions
• Physical hazards
– Loose handrails, splintered wood, broken windows…
• Emergency equipment
– Fire extinguishers charged and
inspected, emergency and exit
lighting tested and working, maps and evacuation
plans posted in every room on campus.
Safety Walks
Exterior Safety Issues
• Parking and car safety
– Do signs make it clear where to go and not go
on your campus?
– Is the parking area clearly marked?
– Are pedestrian areas and walkways clearly
marked?
– Are barriers needed to
protect your school building
and other areas from cars?
Safety Walks
Exterior Safety Issues
• Criminal Welcome Signs
– Trash and graffiti
– Dim or no lighting (lights with no covers)
– Broken windows or other needed repairs
– Large bushes or other plants that cover
windows or can be used to hide behind.
Safety Walks
Exterior Safety Issues
• Other areas
– Broken or uneven pavement
– Safe and maintained playground equipment
– Safe fall area around playground
– Parking and clearly marked building access
for disabled persons
Safety Walks
Exterior Safety Issues- Play Ground
Basic Playground Safety Checklist
• Surfaces around playground equipment have at least 6-8 inches
of wood chips, mulch, sand, or area mats made of safety-tested
rubber or rubber-like materials.
• Protective surfacing extend at least 6 feet in all directions from
play equipment. For swings, be sure surfacing extends, in back
and front, twice the height of the suspending bar.
• Check for dangerous hardware, like open "S" hooks or
protruding bolt ends.
• Make sure spaces that could trap children, such as openings in
guardrails or between ladder rungs, measure less than 3.5
inches or more than 9 inches.
Safety Walks
Exterior Safety Issues- Play Ground
Basic Playground Safety Checklist
• Check for sharp points or edges in equipment.
• Look out for tripping hazards, like exposed concrete footings,
tree stumps, and rocks.
• Make sure elevated surfaces, like platforms and ramps, have
guardrails to prevent falls.
• Check playgrounds regularly to see that equipment and surfacing
are in good condition.
• Carefully supervise children on playgrounds to make sure they're
safe.
Exterior Safety Issues- Play Ground
Exterior Safety Issues- Play Ground
Exterior Safety Issues- Play Ground
Opening that allow the body to get through greater than 3 ½” – but is not
large enough to permit passage of their heads – less than 9”.
Exterior Safety Issues- Play Ground
Safety Walks
Signs, Documents, and Documentation
• Signs
– Updated campus map
– Tobacco, Alcohol, Gun, and Drug-Free Campus
– All Visitors Must Check into the Office
– 6th to 12th grade campus must post Steroid Notice in
gym and all locker rooms.
– Concealed Handgun Law
• Classroom and common area signs
– Primary and secondary fire and evacuation routes
– Shelter in place procedure
– Lockdown procedure
Safety Signs
Safety Signs
Safety Signs
Safety Signs
Safety Signs
Clear Evacuation Routes
• Evacuation map showing primary & secondary escape
routes in every area that has students.
• Map showing where to shelter in place for bad weather
or chemical issue.
–
–
–
–
For tornado that would be:
As many walls between you and outside world
Away from glass
Small roof expanse
Clear Evacuation Routes
Safety Walks
Signs, Documents, and Documentation
• Documents
– Student code of conduct that is posted (this can be
done by a sign that states a copy is available in the
office.)
– PEIMS 425 that is checked and updated regularly
– Campus plan that addresses SDFSC issues
– CPR & AED certified personnel list
– Emergency Operations Plan
– Documentation of Drills
Safety Walks
Teacher and Student Perceptions
• What do you like about being a student or
teacher at this school?
• What concerns do you have about feeling safe
at school?
• If your teachers (peers) and principal asked you
to offer ideas on how to make school safer and
better, how would you respond? What would
you change?
Safety Walks
ICS- Incident Command System
Obtain or draw a map of the school and school grounds. On the map, note the
following:
• Potential hazards
• Location of utilities
• Emergency equipment and supplies
• Main shut off valve for water and gas
• Master electrical breaker
• Heating and air-conditioning equipment
• Stoves
• Chemical storage and gas lines in laboratories
• Hazardous materials stored by custodians and gardeners
• Emergency lighting units
• Fire extinguishers
• First-aid equipment
• Outside water faucets and hoses
• Overhead power lines
• Underground gas lines
School Emergency Management
(CPTED) principlesNatural surveillance- the ability to easily see
what is occurring in a particular setting
Natural access control–the ability to restrict
who enters or exits an environment
Territoriality-maintenance–the ability to
demonstrate ownership of and respect for
property
School Emergency Management
Preparedness actions include:
• Establishing an Incident Command System consistent
with the National Incident Management System (NIMS)
• Coordinating with community partners in the field of
emergency management, including formulating formal
relationships with emergency first responders
• Developing policies and protocols related to how the
school will respond to different types of emergencies
• Conducting training exercises on a regular basis
• Stockpiling supplies that will be used during an
emergency.
School Emergency Management
Preparedness actions include:
NIMS Training for Key Staff
NIMS IS-100.SCa
Introduction to the Incident Command System for Schools
http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/is/is100sca.asp
NIMS IS-700.a
NIMS An Introduction
http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/is/is700a.asp
School Emergency Management
School Emergency Management
School Emergency Management
The assessment and planning process is an essential step
in preparing for an emergency because your overall plan will contain
specialized plans and procedures such as:
• A communication plan
• A student accountability plan
• A parent/guardian reunification plan
• Guidelines for making critical decisions in response to the onset
of an emergency.
• Negotiate contracts prior to an event for resources needed during
an emergency, such as food service and transportation.
• Establish a threat assessment process to be used in evaluating
persons suspected of being a potential perpetrator of a targeted
shooting or other acts of violence.
• Define lines of succession as to who is in charge when key leaders
are not available.
School Emergency Management
The assessment and planning process is an essential step
in preparing for an emergency because your overall plan will contain
specialized plans and procedures such as:
• Define lines of succession as to who is in charge when key leaders
are not available.
• Draft template letters for communicating with the media and
informing parents.
• Calling for the stockpiling of emergency "Go-Kits" to be used
during Response
• Outlining how you can prepare for emergencies through training,
conducting drills, and holding Preparedness exercises.
School Emergency Management
Maps of critical systems
School Emergency Management
RECOMMENDED ADMINISTRATION GO-KIT CONTENTS
•
Suitable container(s) (i.e. large duffel bag on wheels, wheeled garbage can)
•
Laptop computer, PDA or USB flash drive with necessary student and administrative, data
•
Map of building(s) with location of exits, phones, first aid kits, assembly areas, could include maps of
surrounding streets and evacuation routes
•
Blueprints of school building(s), including utilities
•
Student rosters and current attendance lists
•
Emergency student profile sheets/cards
•
Copy of flipchart and/or district procedures
•
Flashlights, fresh batteries
•
First aid kits
•
Tissue
•
Bright safety vests for visibility and leadership identification
•
Blanket
•
Whistle
•
Duct tape
•
Glow sticks
•
Waterproof matches
•
Dust masks
•
Two-way radios, cell phones, fresh batteries
•
Stickers, dry erase markers, small whiteboards, notepads, permanent markers, pens
•
Local phone directory, district phone directory
•
Disposable gloves, sanitizer, sanitary wipes
•
Water, cups
School Emergency Management
OTHER SPECIFIC ITEMS FOR HEALTH SERVICES EMERGENCY GO-KIT
• Suitable container (i.e. large plastic bins, drawer roll-carts)
• “Red-bin” medications (inhalers, epi-pens, other needed stock
medications)
• Diabetic test kits and snacks
• Zip-lock bags
• Medical reference
• Container for sharps
• Wheelchair
• Student and staff emergency contact information
• Other ________________________
• Other ________________________
School Emergency Management
CLASSROOM EMERGENCY GO-KIT CONTENTS
• Suitable container (i.e. five gallon bucket with lid or a backpack)
• First aid supplies
• Emergency procedures flipchart
• Current class roster, student attendance list, emergency contact information
• Flashlight and extra fresh batteries
• Portable radio, fresh batteries or other communication device
• Plastic sheeting for privacy
• Space blankets
• Toilet paper, tall kitchen garbage bags and ties
• Age-appropriate student activities (cards, crayons, games etc.)
• Paper, pens, permanent markers
• Whistle
• Bottled water, cups
• Tarp or ground cover
• Leather work gloves, latex gloves, safety goggles
• Duct tape
• Scissors
• Other ________________________
• Other ________________________
Essential Drill Plans
Emergency Procedures Quick
Reference
Guide
EVACUATION
• Fire / Explosion/ Smell of Smoke/ Gas Odor/ Fire Alarm /Bomb
Threat
LOCKDOWN
• Intruder/Weapon/Hostage/Active Shooter/Hostile
Individual/Criminal Activity/Dangerous Animal
TORNADO/SEVERE WEATHER
REVERSE EVACUATION
• Suspicious/threatening person, dangerous animals, or hazardous
chemical spill outside building
SHELTER IN PLACE
• Hazardous chemical spill outside building
EVACUATION – CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
1. When you hear the fire alarm or other emergency announcement, begin
campus building evacuation and student accountability procedures.
•
•
•
•
Instruct students to calmly leave the building. If purses and backpacks are
within arm length, students may take these items outside with them.
Check room for any suspicious items.
Take class roll, go-kit and emergency status cards with you.
Make sure classroom door is closed and preferably unlocked.
2. Assemble class at assigned evacuation location.
•
•
•
•
•
Take roll to account for all students.
If all students are accounted for, hold up GREEN status card.
Hold up RED status card if you can not account for all students, have a medical emergency, or have
noted something suspicious.
Keep students quiet and calm.
Do not let any student leave without proper authorization and documentation.
3. Follow instructions given by Principal.
•
Do not reenter build
4. If relocation is necessary, account for all students before new location.
EVACUATION- Fire / Explosion / Smell of Smoke / Gas Odor / Fire Alarm / Bomb Threat
EVACUATION – CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
• Avoid using the words “fire” or “bomb” when
commanding this procedure on the intercom. Simply say
“Building Evacuation,” or pull the fire alarm.
• Evacuees should be at least 500 feet away (2 football fields),
preferably 1000 feet away, from the building.
• Have at least 2 escape routes.
• Look around for temporary shelter.
• Use red/green laminated cards to account for students.
• Be ready for site evacuation.
LOCKDOWN – CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
1. A campus administrator will announce lockdown.
• If anyone hears or sees a situation* that requires lockdown, immediately
begin procedures and call the front office to report emergency.
• Get students out of hallways and courtyard and into classrooms.
• Lock classroom door and turn off lights.
• Make sure all windows are locked and blinds are closed.
2. If you can not lock classroom door:
• Take students to the neighboring classroom that can be locked
• Join that class and follow teacher’s instructions.
3. Keep students quiet and out of view. If necessary,
4. Take roll to account for all students.
• If there is no door window, slide the card under the door into hallway.
5. Keep students silent and calm.
• Do not let any students leave without proper authorization and documentation.
6. Phones (including cell phones) are not to be used unless communicating critical
information to front office.
7. Remain in locked classrooms until campus administrator announces lockdown is over.
• LOCKDOWN-*Intruder / Weapon / Hostage / Active Shooter / Hostile Individual / Criminal Activity
/ Dangerous Animal
LOCKDOWN – CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
• If confronted by a suspicious person, be courteous and confident.
Keep a distance between yourself and the individual and avoid
confrontation. Provide law enforcement with as much detail as
possible about incident. Quickly and specifically, follow law
enforcement instructions.
• (Note: If students are outside the building, supervising staff should move them to
the nearest room within the building or to a portable and follow the instructions
above. If students cannot be moved safely into a secure area, they should be
evacuated a safe distance off campus and the police and/ or principal notified of
their whereabouts as soon as possible.)
TORNADO – CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
•
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
•
TORNADO WATCH or WARNING
If severe weather has been indicated in the weather forecast make sure to have an all
hazards/weather radio on and tuned into the National Weather Bureau station in the
administrators or secretaries office.
Announcement will be made to initiate campus tornado/severe weather procedures.
– Based on the severity of the storm and current weather conditions, portable building
occupants will be instructed to move inside to the main building.
– If instructed, move class to pre-designated safe areas:
Initiate accountability procedures.
– Upon reaching designated area, teachers should check class rolls.
– Staff will check all areas to ensure every student has been located.
– If all students are accounted for, hold up GREEN status card.
– Hold up RED status card if you can not account for all students or have a medical
emergency,
Follow instructions given by campus administrator.
Seat students in one row whenever possible, facing the interior walls. If needed, seat
students in multiple rows facing the same direction.
Maintain control, keeping students and staff quiet and calm.
Do not let any student leave without proper authorization and documentation.
TORNADO / SEVERE WEATHER
TORNADO – CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
• TORNADO WATCH or WARNING
If you are notified that a tornado has been sighted in the immediate area--do the following:
• Have students and staff assume a protective posture—kneel facing the
Interior protecting the back of the neck and head.
• Be aware that electrical power and phone service may be disrupted.
• Follow campus administrator instructions until danger has passed.
• Sheltered areas should be 30 feet or more away from exterior glass
• Avoid gyms or large areas with high walls and roofs.
• The best shelter is on the first floor in a multi-floor structure, away from exterior windows
• TORNADO / SEVERE WEATHER
REVERSE EVACUATION- CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
1. A campus administrator will initiate reverse evacuation procedures and
instruct staff members to bring all people that are outside into the building.
–
If time and situation permits, bring portable building occupants into the main building. If not,
portable building occupants should lock portable doors initiate lockdown procedures.
2. Check hallways and bring students into classrooms. Lock classroom doors.
3. Report the location of any suspicious person to the front office.
4. Take class roll to account for all students and initiate student accountability procedures
using the emergency status cards.
–
–
–
5.
6.
7.
8.
•
If all students are accounted for post GREEN status card in door window.
Post RED status card in door window if you can not account for all students, have a medical emergency, or
have noted something suspicious.
If there is no door window, slide the card under the door into the hallway.
No student or staff member should be released until student accountability is complete.
Do not let any student leave without proper authorization and documentation.
Follow instructions given by campus administrator.
Limit classroom and cell phone usage until campus administrator communicates that it is
safe to use phones.
REVERSE EVACUATION- Suspicious/threatening person, dangerous animals, or hazardous
chemical spill outside building
SHELTER IN PLACE- CAMPUS TEACHERS & OTHER STAFF
1. Announcement will be made to initiate Shelter in Place procedures.
2. Close doors and shut off air intake system for classroom if possible.
3. Find a way to seal any gaps in doors or windows that might allow air to
infiltrate classroom.
4. Take class roll to account for all students and initiate student accountability procedures
using the emergency status cards.
• If all students are accounted for post GREEN status card in door window.
• Post RED status card in door window if you can not account for all students or have a
medical emergency
• If there is no door window, slide the card under the door into hallway.
5. Do not let any student leave without proper authorization and documentation.
6. Follow instructions given by campus administrator.
7. Limit cell phone usage until campus administrator communicates that it is safe to use
phones.
• SHELTER IN PLACE -Hazardous chemical spill outside building
Site Evacuation
• Evacuate to another school, a community
center, a church, a large store – set up MOUs
before.
• Can your buses take them all?
• Account for students after they get there.
• Prepare for Parent Reunification.
Site Evacuation
Site Evacuation Procedure:
• The Crisis Response Team will have to write its own
step-by-step Site Evacuation plan, customized to the
campus/buildings and community. This plan is designed to move
students and staff to a safer location in the community. The
primary consideration is accounting for the safety of all students.
The plan should be able to be used with or without a Building
Evacuation. Parents should know to go to that location to pick up
their children. The following are tips to follow when considering
this plan.
• The purpose is to keep people safe by relocating to a safer site in
the community. This site could be another school in the district, a
community center, a church, a hotel or other large structure.
• Use this procedure any time it is safer to be completely off
campus, or if the Building Evacuation will be longer than two
hours.
Site Evacuation
• Site Evacuation Procedure:
• Fire, Bomb found/Bomb threat, Damage from inclement
weather, Utility or structural problem, Fire alarm/Smoke,
Hazardous materials spill/poison gas cloud
• Avoid using the words “fire” or “bomb” when commanding this
procedure on the intercom. Simply say “Site Evacuation.” If you
want to use a code word to inform teachers and staff of the nature of
the crisis, decide on the codes and included them in the procedures.
Use silent communication processes if possible. Do NOT pull the fire
alarm if the building is not evacuated yet. The bus evacuation will be
easier using the school’s main bus loading area.
• Practice this procedure campus-wide at least twice annually; once after
a Building Evacuation and once without a Building Evacuation.
Everyone on campus must participate. Designate auditors to randomly
inspect halls and classrooms to ensure the procedures are followed.
The minimum time to achieve site evacuation is 30 minutes.
• Have a Crisis Response Team members assigned to check restrooms,
stairways, elevators and other areas for students.
Site Evacuation
Teachers should:
• Instruct students to quickly get their personal belongings
and line up at the door.
• Get the gradebook and your personal belongings.
• Get the Classroom Crisis Kit.
• Look for any unusual items as you leave.
• Move safely and quickly to the pre-determined bus loading zone
outside the building.
• Keep students in line or in a small group. Lead the line.
• Once at the loading zone, check roll and check for injuries.
• Account for any missing students. Hold up an 8.5x11 card: RED for
student missing, GREEN for all students accounted for.
Site Evacuation
Teachers should:
• Follow all instructions from principal and Crisis Response
Team.
• Stay outside until all clear.
• On the order of the CRT Leader (usually the principal) proceed to
the alternative site on foot or to the gathering location for school
bus loading.
• If on a school bus, before proceeding, check roll again.
• Once at the Evacuation Site, keep students together in classes and
check roll again.
• Know where the restroom facilities are and allow students to use
them one at a time from each class.
• Be prepared for a Long-Term Shelter In Place situation.
• Have a procedure for parents or designated guardians to check out
their children.
School Emergency Management
• Response is taking action to effectively contain and
resolve an emergency. This is when your emergency
management plan is made operational.
Response includes:
• Activating the emergency management plan and the Incident
Command System
• Deploying resources and making informed decisions consistent
with an Incident Action Plan
• Activating communication plans
• Working with first responders and other community partners
• Deciding to use evacuation, lockdown, shelter-in-place, or other
Response strategies
• Accounting for students, faculty, and staff
• Conducting an after-action assessment.
School Emergency Management
In the Response phase, a central concern will be
consideration of three major response strategies:
• Evacuation
• Lockdown
• Shelter-in-place.
In the Preparedness phase, you will have defined
and practiced protocols and procedures for each
Response strategy. In the Response phase, you make
decisions to utilize one or more of these strategies.
Emergencies are not always predictable. Decisions
regarding Response strategies will depend on the
specifics and the severity of the situation.
School Emergency Management
• Once an emergency starts to unfold,
a key step in Response is to quickly develop an
Incident Action Plan (IAP).
• If the Incident Command System (ICS) is
activated properly, the
Incident Commander will
make decisions regarding
the IAP after considering
the input of others
involved.
School Emergency Management
• Parent Reunification:
• Once an emergency is under control it is important to
have a clear plan to reunite students with their parents or
guardians.
• Letting parent know about where and how they are to get their
student is critical.
• Where do they go to get information:
–
–
–
–
–
Website
Phone number
TV and Radio Stations
Automated call system
211 or other crisis line
• Where do they go to get their student:
– Primary Release Point: Ball Field, Gym, Auditorium, Side Entrance door
– Secondary Evacuation Site: Other Campus, Church, Community Center…
School Emergency Management
Parent Reunification Plan:
• Double Gate System
School Emergency Management
• The Recovery phase is designed to assist
students, staff, and their families in the healing process
and to restore educational operations in schools.
Recovery is an ongoing process. The type and breadth of
Recovery activities needed will vary based on the nature and
scope of the emergency event. Recovery can be a long-term
process.
School Emergency Management
Recovery has four key components.
•
•
•
•
Physical/structural recovery
Business continuity
Restoration of academic learning
Psychological/emotional recovery
Web Resources
Region 14 ESC –School Safety Resources Page
http://www.esc14.net/default.aspx?name=ccis_sdfsc_safety_resources
American Red Crosswww.redcross.org
Crisis Management Toolkit- Department of Defense Education
Activity www.odedodea.edu/instruction/crisis/index.htm
Fairfax County (VA) Public Schoolswww.fcps.k12.va.us/
Federal Emergency Management Agencywww.fema.gov
Montgomery County (MD) Public Schools
http://mcps.k12.md.us/info/emergency/preparedness/index.cfm
National Clearinghouse for Educational Facilities
www.edfacilities.org/
Web Resources
NEA Crisis Response Team- National Education Association
www.nea.org/crisis/b1home.html # response
North Carolina Public Schools
www.ncpublicschools.org
Ready Campaign
www.ready.gov
Emergency Planning, U.S. Department of Education
www.ed.gov/emergencyplan/
Communication in a Crisis: Risk Communication
Guidelines for Public Officials, 2002
www.riskcommunication.samhsa.gov/index.htm
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
www.dhs.gov