Name ________________________________________________ Date _______________________ Period ________
Atomic Structure & Nuclear Chemistry Review Sheet
*Study the scientists (Dalton, Rutherford, Bohr, Thomson, Millikan) and their experiments*
1. Complete the chart for each subatomic particle:
Subatomic Particle
Charge
Location
Proton
Neutron
Electron
2. Decide if the following are isotopes (yes or no)
____
a) 8 protons and 9 neutrons
8 protons and 8 neutrons
____
d) Si – 15 and P – 15
____
b) 5 protons and 6 neutrons
6 protons and 6 neutrons
____
e) 25 p+ and 30 n0
25 p+ and 33 n0
____
c) 8038Sr
81
38Sr
83 Sr
38
3. How are Uranium – 238 and Uranium – 235 similar?
4. How are Uranium – 238 and Uranium – 235 different?
5.
Fill in the missing information in the table below. All atoms below are electrically neutral.
Element
Symbol
Hyphen Notation
Nuclear
Symbol
Protons (p+)
Neutrons
(n0)
Electrons
(e-)
Mass
Number (A)
Atomic
Number (Z)
Magnesium - 25
39
20
Ca
15
Kr
84
65
30
6.
13
Zn
How many particles are contained in the nucleus of the radium atom shown below?
226
88
Ra
For #s 7-9, calculate the average atomic mass or the % abundance in the problems. Show all equations and correct
substitution of values with units. Round all answers to the hundredths place.
7. Naturally occurring element X exists in three isotopic forms: X-28 (27.977 amu, 92.21% abundance), X-29 (28.976 amu,
4.70% abundance) and X-30 (29.974 amu, 3.09% abundance). Calculate the average atomic mass
#7 Answer:
8. Naturally occurring iron contains 5.82% iron-54, 91.66% iron-56, 2.19% iron-57 and 0.33% iron-58. Calculate the
average atomic mass of iron.
#8 Answer:
9. Gallium has two naturally occurring isotopes, Ga-69 and Ga-71. If the average atomic mass of gallium is 69.72 amu,
what is the percent abundance of each isotope?
#9 Answer:
% ab. of Ga-69 = ____________
% ab. of Ga-71 = ____________
10. Complete the
chart:
Type of
Radiation/Particle
Symbol
Penetrating Power
Material needed to
stop/shield radiation
Beta
Alpha
Gamma
Proton
Neutron
11. The diagram below represents the three types of radiation passing through an electric field. Which type of radiation
(Alpha, Beta or Gamma) does each arrow represent?
12. Indicate the nuclear symbol of the missing reactant or product in each of the following nuclear reactions.
a.
59Co 2H  0 e  ______
1
27
1
c.
b.
22P 0e  _______
15
1
d.
_______206Pb 4He
82
2
42Ti  ______ 42 Sc
22
21
13. The following equation is a representation of what happens to the nucleus during beta radiation.
What happens to the mass number?
a. 1 n 1H  0e
0
1
1
_____________________________
14. Given the equation: 6 C  7 N
X?
14
14
What happens to the atomic number?
__________________________________
 X , what is the name and nuclear symbol of the particle is represented by the letter
Write a balanced equation for each nuclear process in #s 15 and 16.
15. Beryllium-9 absorbs an alpha particle and emits a neutron.
16. Cobalt-59 absorbs a neutron and emits an alpha particle.
17. The decay series of uranium-235 is α, α, α, α, β, β, α. Write a balanced equation for each step in this decay series.
Step 1: __________________________________________________
Step 2: __________________________________________________
Step 3: __________________________________________________
Step 4: __________________________________________________
Step 5: __________________________________________________
Step 6: __________________________________________________
Step 7: __________________________________________________
18. If you have an original sample of 300 grams of polonium, how much polonium would be left after 2 half-lives?
#18 Answer:
19. If you have an original sample of 50 grams of polonium and the half-life of polonium is 4000 years, how many years
would it take to only have 3.125 grams of polonium left?
#19 Answer:
20. Which type of reaction does the diagram to
the right illustrate?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alpha Decay
Fusion
Fission
Beta Decay
21. During a fission reaction, what type of
particle is captured by a nucleus?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Proton
Neutron
Electron
Deuteron
22. Which equation represents a fusion reaction?
40
Ar 11H 19
K  01n
a.
40
18
b.
234
91
1
Pa234
92 U  0 n
c.
226
88
4
Ra 226
86 Rn 2 He
d.
3
1
H 11H  24 He
23. What is the nuclear symbol for the missing product in the nuclear fission reaction?
1
U  01n139
56 Ba  ______30 n
235
92