Unit 2 Review
Subtitle
•The ________ is the final interpreter of the content and scope of Americans’
A. civil liberties.
B. president
C. Congress
D. Supreme Court
E. American Civil Liberties Union
F. Constitution
•The ________ is the final interpreter of the content and scope of
Americans’
A. civil liberties.
B. president
C. Congress
D. Supreme Court
E. American Civil Liberties Union
F. Constitution
▪ The great freedoms of speech, press, religion, and assembly are
contained in the
A. First, Second, Third, and Fourth Amendments.
B. Fourth Amendment.
C. Second Amendment.
D. Third Amendment.
E. First Amendment.
▪ The great freedoms of speech, press, religion, and assembly are
contained in the
A. First, Second, Third, and Fourth Amendments.
B. Fourth Amendment.
C. Second Amendment.
D. Third Amendment.
E. First Amendment.
▪ The language of the First Amendment, “Congress shall make no law,”
suggests that the Bill of Rights was written to
A. restrict the powers of the national government.
B. restrict the powers of the state governments.
C. restrict the powers of both the national and state governments.
D. enlarge the powers of the national government.
E. enlarge the powers of the state governments.
▪ The language of the First Amendment, “Congress shall make no law,”
suggests that the Bill of Rights was written to
A. restrict the powers of the national government.
B. restrict the powers of the state governments.
C. restrict the powers of both the national and state governments.
D. enlarge the powers of the national government.
E. enlarge the powers of the state governments.
•In the case of ________, the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights
•restrained only the national government, not states and cities.
A. Miranda v. Arizona
B. Barron v. Baltimore
C. New York v. the United States
D. Engel v. Vitale
E. Gitlow v. New York
•In the case of ________, the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights
•restrained only the national government, not states and cities.
A. Miranda v. Arizona
B. Barron v. Baltimore
C. New York v. the United States
D. Engel v. Vitale
E. Gitlow v. New York
•Beginning with the case of ________ in 1925, the Supreme Court began
•to rule that the Bill of Rights applied directly to the states, as well as to the
•national government.
A. United States v. Bill of Rights
B. Miranda v. Arizona
C. Engel v. Vitale
D. Barron v. Baltimore
E. Gitlow v. New York
•Beginning with the case of ________ in 1925, the Supreme Court began
•to rule that the Bill of Rights applied directly to the states, as well as to the
•national government.
A. United States v. Bill of Rights
B. Miranda v. Arizona
C. Engel v. Vitale
D. Barron v. Baltimore
E. Gitlow v. New York
▪ Incorporation is the legal concept under which the Supreme Court
has nationalized the Bill of Rights by making most of its provisions
applicable to the states through the due process clause of the
_________ Amendment.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
First
Second
Tenth
Fourteenth
Fifteenth
▪ Incorporation is the legal concept under which the Supreme Court
has nationalized the Bill of Rights by making most of its provisions
applicable to the states through the due process clause of the
_________ Amendment.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
First
Second
Tenth
Fourteenth
Fifteenth
n Gitlow v New York (1925), the Court ruled that freedoms of speech and
•press were liberties protected by the ________ clause of the Fourteenth Amen
A. due process
B. necessary and proper
C. commerce
D. interstate commerce
E. free press
•I
n Gitlow v New York (1925), the Court ruled that freedoms of speech and
•press were liberties protected by the ________ clause of the Fourteenth Amen
A. due process
B. necessary and proper
C. commerce
D. interstate commerce
E. free press
•I
▪ The incorporation doctrine involves
A. application of the Bill of Rights to the states.
B. the government’s power to regulate corporations.
C. the procedures for creating a city government.
D. the interpretation of the commerce clause.
E. the extension of judicial review to state courts.
▪ The incorporation doctrine involves
A. application of the Bill of Rights to the states.
B. the government’s power to regulate corporations.
C. the procedures for creating a city government.
D. the interpretation of the commerce clause.
E. the extension of judicial review to state courts.
▪ The abridgment of citizens’ freedom to worship, or not to worship, as
they please is prohibited by the
A. due process clause.
B. full faith and credit clause.
C. free exercise clause.
D. privileges and immunities clause.
E. establishment clause.
▪ The abridgment of citizens’ freedom to worship, or not to worship, as
they please is prohibited by the
A. due process clause.
B. full faith and credit clause.
C. free exercise clause.
D. privileges and immunities clause.
E. establishment clause.
▪ Government recognition of a national or official religion is prohibited
by the
A. due process clause.
B. establishment clause.
C. free exercise clause.
D. freedom of religion.
E. Second Amendment.
▪ Government recognition of a national or official religion is prohibited
by the
A. due process clause.
B. establishment clause.
C. free exercise clause.
D. freedom of religion.
E. Second Amendment.
▪ In Lemon v. Kurtzman, the Supreme Court established that aid to
church-related schools must do all of the following EXCEPT
A. have a secular purpose.
B. inhibit religion.
C. not advance religion.
D. not create excessive government entanglement with religion.
E. treat all religions equally
▪ In Lemon v. Kurtzman, the Supreme Court established that aid to
church-related schools must do all of the following EXCEPT
A. have a secular purpose.
B. inhibit religion.
C. not advance religion.
D. not create excessive government entanglement with religion.
E. treat all religions equally
•In the Engel v. Vitale case of 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that ________
•was (were) unconstitutional.
A. prayers done as classroom exercises in public schools
B. the Connecticut statute barring the distribution of birth control information
C. segregation
D. prior restraint
E. police search or seizure without an authorized warrant
•In the Engel v. Vitale case of 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that ________
•was (were) unconstitutional.
A. prayers done as classroom exercises in public schools
B. the Connecticut statute barring the distribution of birth control information
C. segregation
D. prior restraint
E. police search or seizure without an authorized warrant
•In the case of Schenck v. United States in 1919, Justice Holmes declared that\
• government can limit speech if that speech provokes
A. a clear and present danger.
B. libel.
C. public demonstrations in opposition to the government.
D. Obscenity.
E. prior restraint.
•In the case of Schenck v. United States in 1919, Justice Holmes declared that\
• government can limit speech if that speech provokes
A. a clear and present danger.
B. libel.
C. public demonstrations in opposition to the government.
D. Obscenity.
E. prior restraint.
▪ In Roth v. United States, the Supreme Court held that
A. outdoor drive-ins could not be barred from showing a film that included
nudity.
B. the possession of child pornography was not covered by any right to free
speech or press, and could be made a crime.
C. the government cannot prohibit discrimination against women priests by
churches because it would violate the free exercise of religion.
D. obscenity is not within the area of constitutionally protected free speech.
E. the film Carnal Knowledge, which had critical acclaim but a sexual theme
and explicit scenes, could not be banned.
▪ In Roth v. United States, the Supreme Court held that
A. outdoor drive-ins could not be barred from showing a film that included
nudity.
B. the possession of child pornography was not covered by any right to free
speech or press, and could be made a crime.
C. the government cannot prohibit discrimination against women priests by
churches because it would violate the free exercise of religion.
D. obscenity is not within the area of constitutionally protected free
speech.
E. the film Carnal Knowledge, which had critical acclaim but a sexual theme
and explicit scenes, could not be banned.
▪ In the case of New York Times v. Sullivan (1964), the Supreme Court ruled
that
A. government officials cannot sue newspapers for libel since this would
entail prior restraint of the press.
B. the Pentagon papers could be legally published despite the government’s
desire to keep the material secret.
C. the publication of the Pentagon papers could be legally barred as a matter
of national security.
D. statements made about political figures, however malicious, can never be
deemed libelous.
E. statements made about political figures are libelous only if made with
malice and reckless disregard for the truth.
▪ In the case of New York Times v. Sullivan (1964), the Supreme Court ruled
that
A. government officials cannot sue newspapers for libel since this would
entail prior restraint of the press.
B. the Pentagon papers could be legally published despite the government’s
desire to keep the material secret.
C. the publication of the Pentagon papers could be legally barred as a matter
of national security.
D. statements made about political figures, however malicious, can never be
deemed libelous.
E. statements made about political figures are libelous only if made with
malice and reckless disregard for the truth.
▪ Which of the following is a form of symbolic speech?
A. Burning the American flag
B. Parades
C. Wearing an armband
D. All of these are forms of symbolic speech.
E. None of these is a form of symbolic speech.
▪ Which of the following is a form of symbolic speech?
A. Burning the American flag
B. Parades
C. Wearing an armband
D. All of these are forms of symbolic speech.
E. None of these is a form of symbolic speech.
▪ Advertising is considered a form of ________ and, according to the
decisions of the Supreme Court, is subject to greater restrictions on
free speech than religious or political speech.
A. symbolic speech
B. paid speech
C. imaged expression
D. propaganda
E. commercial speech
▪ Advertising is considered a form of ________ and, according to the
decisions of the Supreme Court, is subject to greater restrictions on
free speech than religious or political speech.
A. symbolic speech
B. paid speech
C. imaged expression
D. propaganda
E. commercial speech
▪ The right to assemble and the right to associate with people who
share a common interest are protected by the ________
Amendment.
A. First
B. Second
C. Fifth
D. Eighth
E. Tenth
▪ The right to assemble and the right to associate with people who
share a common interest are protected by the ________
Amendment.
A. First
B. Second
C. Fifth
D. Eighth
E. Tenth
▪ The rights of protestors demonstrating outside abortion clinics
concern which of the following freedoms?
A. Religious expression
B. Assembly
C. Marriage
D. Abortion
E. Gun ownership
▪ The rights of protestors demonstrating outside abortion clinics
concern which of the following freedoms?
A. Religious expression
B. Assembly
C. Marriage
D. Abortion
E. Gun ownership
▪ In District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), the Supreme Court ruled that
A. guns must be stored in a fashion that prevents their theft or children from
accessing them.
B. the Second Amendment only applies to the right of states to create militias.
C. prohibitions on concealed weapons are unconstitutional.
D. the Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess a firearm
unconnected to service in a militia.
E. background checks for gun buyers and qualifications on the commercial sale of
firearms are unconstitutional.
▪ In District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), the Supreme Court ruled that
A. guns must be stored in a fashion that prevents their theft or children from
accessing them.
B. the Second Amendment only applies to the right of states to create militias.
C. prohibitions on concealed weapons are unconstitutional.
D. the Second Amendment protects an individual right to possess a firearm
unconnected to service in a militia.
E. background checks for gun buyers and qualifications on the commercial sale of
firearms are unconstitutional.
▪ Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable search and
seizure are most relevant to which stage of the criminal justice
system?
A. Evidence gathered
B. Suspicion cast
C. Arrest made
D. Interrogation held
E. Trial held
▪ Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable search and
seizure are most relevant to which stage of the criminal justice
system?
A. Evidence gathered
B. Suspicion cast
C. Arrest made
D. Interrogation held
E. Trial held
•In the case of ________, the Supreme Court ruled that the protection against
• unreasonable search and seizure applied to the state and local governments,
• as well as the national government, thus nationalizing the exclusionary rule.
A. Miranda v. Arizona
B. Gideon v. Wainwright
C. Roth v. United States
D. United States v. New York
E. Mapp v. Ohio
•In the case of ________, the Supreme Court ruled that the protection against
• unreasonable search and seizure applied to the state and local governments,
• as well as the national government, thus nationalizing the exclusionary rule.
A. Miranda v. Arizona
B. Gideon v. Wainwright
C. Roth v. United States
D. United States v. New York
E. Mapp v. Ohio
▪ The Fifth Amendment forbids
A. cruel and unusual punishment.
B. forced self-incrimination.
C. illegal searches and seizures.
D. the government establishment of a national religion.
E. All of these except d.
▪ The Fifth Amendment forbids
A. cruel and unusual punishment.
B. forced self-incrimination.
C. illegal searches and seizures.
D. the government establishment of a national religion.
E. All of these except d.
▪ The Supreme Court case of Gideon v. Wainwright
A. extended the right to counsel to everyone accused of a felony.
B. prohibited government officials from issuing gag orders to the
media.
C. ruled that illegally seized evidence cannot be used in court.
D. gave only those accused of capital crimes the right to counsel.
E. set guidelines for police questioning of suspects
▪ The Supreme Court case of Gideon v. Wainwright
A. extended the right to counsel to everyone accused of a felony.
B. prohibited government officials from issuing gag orders to the
media.
C. ruled that illegally seized evidence cannot be used in court.
D. gave only those accused of capital crimes the right to counsel.
E. set guidelines for police questioning of suspects
▪ In the case of Miranda v. Arizona, the Supreme Court ruled that
A. illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in a trial.
B. police must inform any suspect of a series of rights, including the
constitutional right to remain silent.
C. the death penalty could be imposed for the most extreme of
crimes.
D. defendants in all felony cases have a right to counsel, even if the
state has to provide such legal assistance.
E. the police must show probable cause before making an arrest
▪ In the case of Miranda v. Arizona, the Supreme Court ruled that
A. illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in a trial.
B. police must inform any suspect of a series of rights, including the
constitutional right to remain silent.
C. the death penalty could be imposed for the most extreme of
crimes.
D. defendants in all felony cases have a right to counsel, even if the
state has to provide such legal assistance.
E. the police must show probable cause before making an arrest
▪ Cruel and unusual punishment is forbidden by the
A. self-incrimination clause.
B. Fifth Amendment.
C. Sixth Amendment.
D. Eighth Amendment.
E. exclusionary clause
▪ Cruel and unusual punishment is forbidden by the
A. self-incrimination clause.
B. Fifth Amendment.
C. Sixth Amendment.
D. Eighth Amendment.
E. exclusionary clause
▪ In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that in the third trimester of
pregnancy
A. states can ban abortion except when the mother’s health is in
danger.
B. states are prohibited from funding the abortions of poor women.
C. states cannot ban abortion unless the mother’s life is in danger.
D. states cannot ban abortion.
E. the federal government, but not the states, is prohibited from
funding abortions for poor women.
▪ In Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court ruled that in the third trimester of
pregnancy
A. states can ban abortion except when the mother’s health is in
danger.
B. states are prohibited from funding the abortions of poor women.
C. states cannot ban abortion unless the mother’s life is in danger.
D. states cannot ban abortion.
E. the federal government, but not the states, is prohibited from
funding abortions for poor women.
▪ In which amendment does the phrase “equal protection of the laws”
appear?
A. Thirteenth
B. Fourteenth
C. Fifteenth
D. Sixteenth
E. Seventeenth
▪ In which amendment does the phrase “equal protection of the laws”
appear?
A. Thirteenth
B. Fourteenth
C. Fifteenth
D. Sixteenth
E. Seventeenth
▪ The courts have recently ruled that, under the Fourteenth
Amendment, racial and ethnic classifications by states in regard to
any matter are
A. reasonable.
B. unconstitutional.
C. inherently suspect.
D. not the proper business of the federal courts to consider but are up
to the states individually.
E. arbitrary but usually reasonable.
▪ The courts have recently ruled that, under the Fourteenth
Amendment, racial and ethnic classifications by states in regard to
any matter are
A. reasonable.
B. unconstitutional.
C. inherently suspect.
D. not the proper business of the federal courts to consider but are up
to the states individually.
E. arbitrary but usually reasonable.
▪ Equal protection of the laws
A. means that laws cannot establish different standards for the
treatment of different groups.
B. is guaranteed in the original Constitution.
C. means that states have to make their laws promote equality among
persons.
D. provides a rigid standard for constitutional interpretation.
E. does not deny states treating classes of citizens differently if the
classification is reasonable.
▪ Equal protection of the laws
A. means that laws cannot establish different standards for the
treatment of different groups.
B. is guaranteed in the original Constitution.
C. means that states have to make their laws promote equality among
persons.
D. provides a rigid standard for constitutional interpretation.
E. does not deny states treating classes of citizens differently if the
classification is reasonable.
•In Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), Chief Justice Taney declared that
A. the importation of slaves into the United States was illegal, but slavery itself
was not.
A. Congress had no authority to ban slavery.
B. a slave who had escaped to a free state became a free man.
C. slavery is inherently unconstitutional.
D. slavery can be practiced in the so-called free states.
•In Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), Chief Justice Taney declared that
A. the importation of slaves into the United States was illegal, but slavery itself
was not.
A. Congress had no authority to ban slavery.
B. a slave who had escaped to a free state became a free man.
C. slavery is inherently unconstitutional.
D. slavery can be practiced in the so-called free states.
•The ________ Amendment outlawed slavery in the United States.
A. Tenth
B. Eleventh
C. Twelfth
D. Thirteenth
E. Fourteenth
•The ________ Amendment outlawed slavery in the United States.
A. Tenth
B. Eleventh
C. Twelfth
D. Thirteenth
E. Fourteenth
A.In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson,
B.housing discrimination was forbidden.
C.the principle of “separate but equal” was overturned.
D.school busing was allowed to remedy racial segregation.
E.United States citizenship and all rights that go with it were granted to former slaves.
F.the principle of “separate but equal” was used to justify segregation.
A.In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson,
B.housing discrimination was forbidden.
C.the principle of “separate but equal” was overturned.
D.school busing was allowed to remedy racial segregation.
E.United States citizenship and all rights that go with it were granted to former slav
F.the principle of “separate but equal” was used to justify segregation.
▪ Jim Crow laws were those that
A. were enacted by Southern Whites in the late nineteenth century to
segregate African Americans from Whites.
B. the North enforced in the South in the Reconstruction era following
the Civil War, granting rights to former slaves.
C. sought to end segregation and bring the races into closer contact
with one another.
D. justified slavery and set codes for slaves’ behavior.
E. established slavery and contract law regulating the slave trade.
▪ Jim Crow laws were those that
A. were enacted by Southern Whites in the late nineteenth century
to segregate African Americans from Whites.
B. the North enforced in the South in the Reconstruction era following
the Civil War, granting rights to former slaves.
C. sought to end segregation and bring the races into closer contact
with one another.
D. justified slavery and set codes for slaves’ behavior.
E. established slavery and contract law regulating the slave trade.
•Legal segregation of the races was declared unconstitutional in public schools in the
•1954 landmark ruling known as
A. King v. University of Kansas.
B. Plessy v. Ferguson.
C. Dred Scott v. Sandford.
D. Craig v. Boren.
E. Brown v. Board of Education.
•Legal segregation of the races was declared unconstitutional in public schools in the
•1954 landmark ruling known as
A. King v. University of Kansas.
B. Plessy v. Ferguson.
C. Dred Scott v. Sandford.
D. Craig v. Boren.
E. Brown v. Board of Education.
▪ De facto educational segregation occurs
A. by forced school busing to separate the races.
B. by forced school busing to integrate the races.
C. when segregated classrooms occur within an integrated school.
D. by law.
E. by the reality of neighborhood schools located in areas that happen
to be racially segregated.
▪ De facto educational segregation occurs
A. by forced school busing to separate the races.
B. by forced school busing to integrate the races.
C. when segregated classrooms occur within an integrated school.
D. by law.
E. by the reality of neighborhood schools located in areas that
happen to be racially segregated.
▪ In 1964, Congress prohibited federal aid to schools that remained
segregated in the
A. Civil Rights Act.
B. No Child Left Behind Act.
C. National Education Act.
D. Equal Opportunity Act.
E. Equality of Education Act.
▪ In 1964, Congress prohibited federal aid to schools that remained
segregated in the
A. Civil Rights Act.
B. No Child Left Behind Act.
C. National Education Act.
D. Equal Opportunity Act.
E. Equality of Education Act.
▪ Suffrage refers to
A. the practice of de facto slavery rather than de jure slavery.
B. the legal segregation of the races or of men and women in hotels,
motels, restaurants, and other public places.
C. the hardships endured to obtain civil rights for African Americans
and equal rights for women.
D. the legal right to vote.
E. the practice of shackling slaves working in fields so they could not
run away.
▪ Suffrage refers to
A. the practice of de facto slavery rather than de jure slavery.
B. the legal segregation of the races or of men and women in hotels,
motels, restaurants, and other public places.
C. the hardships endured to obtain civil rights for African Americans
and equal rights for women.
D. the legal right to vote.
E. the practice of shackling slaves working in fields so they could not
run away.
•Which amendment reads, “The right of citizens to vote shall not be abridged
•by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous
•condition of servitude”?
A. Thirteenth
B. Fourteenth
C. Fifteenth
D. Sixteenth
E. Twentieth
•Which amendment reads, “The right of citizens to vote shall not be abridged
•by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous
•condition of servitude”?
A. Thirteenth
B. Fourteenth
C. Fifteenth
D. Sixteenth
E. Twentieth
▪ Poll taxes for federal elections were outlawed in the
A. Voting Rights Act.
B. Civil Rights Act of 1964.
C. Supreme Court’s Guinn v. United States decision of 1915.
D. Twenty-fourth Amendment.
E. Tax Reform Act of 1963.
▪ Poll taxes for federal elections were outlawed in the
A. Voting Rights Act.
B. Civil Rights Act of 1964.
C. Supreme Court’s Guinn v. United States decision of 1915.
D. Twenty-fourth Amendment.
E. Tax Reform Act of 1963.
▪ One consequence of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was
A. a dramatic increase in the number of African Americans registered
to vote.
B. increased access of Blacks to public accommodations.
C. the increased use of gerrymandering.
D. decreased involvement of federal officials in state election
procedures.
E. an increase in segregation
▪ One consequence of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was
A. a dramatic increase in the number of African Americans
registered to vote.
B. increased access of Blacks to public accommodations.
C. the increased use of gerrymandering.
D. decreased involvement of federal officials in state election
procedures.
E. an increase in segregation
•In the case of Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court
A. ruled that the removal of Japanese Americans from the West Coast and the
placement in internment camps during World War II was barbaric and
unconstitutional.
B. ruled just prior to World War II that Japanese Americans living in the United
States had to be repatriated to Japan.
C. upheld the constitutionality of the United States atomic bombing of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
D. upheld the constitutionality of the removal of Japanese Americans from
the West Coast and their placement in internment camps during World War II.
E. ruled that restrictions on Japanese ownership of land in the United States
were unconstitutional.
•In the case of Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court
A. ruled that the removal of Japanese Americans from the West Coast and the
placement in internment camps during World War II was barbaric and
unconstitutional.
B. ruled just prior to World War II that Japanese Americans living in the United
States had to be repatriated to Japan.
C. upheld the constitutionality of the United States atomic bombing of
Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
D. upheld the constitutionality of the removal of Japanese Americans from
the West Coast and their placement in internment camps during World Wa
E. ruled that restrictions on Japanese ownership of land in the United States
were unconstitutional.
▪ The Nineteenth Amendment
A. gave women the constitutional right to vote.
B. outlawed the poll tax in federal elections.
C. repealed Prohibition.
D. gave African Americans the constitutional right to vote.
E. ended slavery.
▪ The Nineteenth Amendment
A. gave women the constitutional right to vote.
B. outlawed the poll tax in federal elections.
C. repealed Prohibition.
D. gave African Americans the constitutional right to vote.
E. ended slavery.
•In ________, the Supreme Court ruled that any arbitrary sex-based classification
•violated the equal protection clause.
A. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
B. Dred Scott v. Sandford
C. Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg County Schools
D. Reed v. Reed
E. Roe v. Wade
•In ________, the Supreme Court ruled that any arbitrary sex-based classification
•violated the equal protection clause.
A. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
B. Dred Scott v. Sandford
C. Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenberg County Schools
D. Reed v. Reed
E. Roe v. Wade
▪ The United States Supreme Court has handed down each of the following
decisions concerning gender discrimination in employment and business
activity EXCEPT
A. requiring the federal government to give women equal pay for jobs of
comparable worth.
B. prohibiting gender discrimination in private business and service clubs.
C. voiding laws and rules barring women from jobs through arbitrary height
and weight requirements.
D. protecting women from being required to take mandatory pregnancy
leaves from their jobs.
E. None of the above; the court has handed down each of the decisions
above.
▪ The United States Supreme Court has handed down each of the following
decisions concerning gender discrimination in employment and business
activity EXCEPT
A. requiring the federal government to give women equal pay for jobs of
comparable worth.
B. prohibiting gender discrimination in private business and service clubs.
C. voiding laws and rules barring women from jobs through arbitrary height
and weight requirements.
D. protecting women from being required to take mandatory pregnancy
leaves from their jobs.
E. None of the above; the court has handed down each of the decisions
above.
▪ The 2003 Supreme Court decision in Lawrence v. Texas was significant
in that it
A. overturned Bowers v. Hardwick in voiding anti-sodomy laws on constitutional
grounds of privacy.
B. upheld Bowers v. Hardwick, reaffirming that antisodomy laws were
constitutional.
C. permitted the Boy Scouts to exclude gay men from being adult members
because homosexuality violates the organization’s principles.
D. legalized gay marriage.
E. voided a state constitutional amendment permitting discrimination against
gays.
▪ The 2003 Supreme Court decision in Lawrence v. Texas was significant
in that it
A. overturned Bowers v. Hardwick in voiding anti-sodomy laws on
constitutional grounds of privacy.
B. upheld Bowers v. Hardwick, reaffirming that antisodomy laws were
constitutional.
C. permitted the Boy Scouts to exclude gay men from being adult members
because homosexuality violates the organization’s principles.
D. legalized gay marriage.
E. voided a state constitutional amendment permitting discrimination against
gays.
•In which case did the Supreme Court hold that a state university could not admit less
•qualified individuals solely on the basis of their race?
A. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
B. Adarand Constructors v. Pena
C. Grutter v. Bollinger
D. Reed v. Reed
E. Brown v. Board of Education
•In which case did the Supreme Court hold that a state university could not admit less
•qualified individuals solely on the basis of their race?
A. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
B. Adarand Constructors v. Pena
C. Grutter v. Bollinger
D. Reed v. Reed
E. Brown v. Board of Education
▪ Which of the following statements about civil rights and the scope of
government is FALSE?
A. Civil rights laws tend to decrease the scope and power of government.
B. Civil rights laws regulate the behavior of individuals and institutions.
C. Current civil rights laws do not conform to the eighteenth-century
understanding of limited government.
D. Increased government activity in protecting basic rights can lead to
greater checks on government by those who benefit from these
protections.
E. Equality tends to favor majority rule.
▪ Which of the following statements about civil rights and the scope of
government is FALSE?
A. Civil rights laws tend to decrease the scope and power of government.
B. Civil rights laws regulate the behavior of individuals and institutions.
C. Current civil rights laws do not conform to the eighteenth-century
understanding of limited government.
D. Increased government activity in protecting basic rights can lead to
greater checks on government by those who benefit from these
protections.
E. Equality tends to favor majority rule.
•In Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), the Supreme Court
A. upheld the University of Michigan law school’s use of race as one of many factors in
determining student admissions.
B. declared unconstitutional the University of Michigan law school’s use of race as one
of many factors in determining student admissions.
C. required that the University of Michigan law school admit a proportion of African
American law school students approximately equal to the proportion of African American
undergraduate students at the university.
D. argued that there was no compelling interest in promoting racial diversity on the
University of Michigan law school campus.
E. None of these is true.
•In Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), the Supreme Court
A. upheld the University of Michigan law school’s use of race as one of many
factors in determining student admissions.
B. declared unconstitutional the University of Michigan law school’s use of race as one
of many factors in determining student admissions.
C. required that the University of Michigan law school admit a proportion of African
American law school students approximately equal to the proportion of African American
undergraduate students at the university.
D. argued that there was no compelling interest in promoting racial diversity on the
University of Michigan law school campus.
E. None of these is true.