Vocab Landmark Supreme Court Cases Protecting Civil Rights More Supreme Court Cases 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Name the Constitutional Amendment Congress shall make no law abridging the freedom of Speech, Press, Religion, Petition, and Assembly Answer – 100 First Amendment Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without warrants Answer – 200 Fourth Amendment The right of U.S. citizens to vote regardless of sex Answer – 300 Nineteenth Amendment Ratified three years after the Civil War: Defines citizenship; establishes equal protection and due process of law Answer – 400 Fourteenth Amendment Ratified in 1964: Abolished poll taxes (but only for Presidential, Vice Presidential, and Congressional elections) Answer – 500 Twenty-Fourth Amendment Nonverbal actions meant to convey a political message, such as burning the U.S. flag or wearing armbands to protest war Answer – 100 Symbolic Speech Racial segregation that occurs because of past social and economic conditions or residential patterns Answer – 200 De Facto Segregation Stopping an action before it has actually occurred, like publishing the Pentagon Papers Answer – 300 Prior Restraint This test, developed in the verdict of Schenk v. U.S., is performed to declare whether or not speech should be limited Answer – 400 Clear and Present Danger Test Personal freedoms protected for all individuals Answer – 500 Civil Liberties Through the Fourteenth Amendment, the verdict of this Supreme Court case required states to provide counsel to anyone charged with a felony Answer – 100 Gideon v. Wainwright This Supreme Court case deemed public school prayer unconstitutional Answer – 200 Engle v. Vitale First Supreme Court case to imply and protect the right to privacy, including a right to family planning Answer – 300 Griswold v. Connecticut Supreme Court case that upheld the ordering of Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II regardless of citizenship Answer – 400 Korematsu v. U.S. 1961 Supreme Court case that established the precedent for Fourth Amendment rights: illegally seized evidence can not be used during local, state, or federal trials Answer – 500 Mapp v. Ohio Though met with resistance in the South, it overturned the Plessy v. Ferguson with “all deliberate speed.” Answer – 100 Brown v. Board of Education This act, passed by Congress, banned discrimination in employment and public facilities. It also allowed the government to withhold federal funds from states and local areas not in compliance Answer – 200 Civil Rights Act of 1964 Federal agency established to enforce laws against job discrimination Answer – 300 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission This act, passed by Congress, not only outlawed literacy and other discriminatory tests but allowed federal officials to register new voters Answer – 400 Voting Rights Act of 1965 In this 2003 case, the Supreme Court overturned a previous verdict and ruled that states cannot intrude on the personal and private life of an individual Answer – 500 Lawrence v. Texas This Supreme Court implies a “right to privacy” that protects a woman’s freedom to choose abortion or not during the first three months of pregnancy Answer – 100 Roe v. Wade Responses may be used in a court of law: this Supreme Court case ruling requires law enforcement officials to advise a suspect of his/her constitutional rights Answer – 200 Miranda v. Arizona Supreme Court case that deemed flag desecration as constitutional Answer – 300 Texas v. Johnson This Supreme Court case upheld affirmative action but declared specific racial quotas unconstitutional Answer – 400 University of California v. Bakke In this 1833 case, the Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights did not apply to state or local laws Answer – 500 Barron v. Baltimore