Cellular Respiration Review - KEY
Name _______________________________ Date ________________ Pd ______
Read Chapters 4.4 – 4.6 to review for the test. Review all notes.
Vocabulary Circle the word or phrase that best completes the statement.
4.4
1. Cellular respiration is a process that releases energy from sugars
and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present.
2. Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process, because it needs oxygen to take place.
3. Cellular respiration takes place in the mitochondria.
4. During glycolysis, one molecule of glucose is split into two three-carbon molecules and two ATP
are formed.
4.6
5. The term fermentation is based on a word that means “to bubble.” This meaning is related to the
fermentation process, because bubbles of carbon dioxide are produced during alcoholic
fermentation.
6. Lactic acid is the three-carbon waste product of lactic acid fermentation. It causes a burning
feeling in your muscles vessels during exercise
Fill in the blank.
4.4
7. The prefix glyco- comes from a Greek word that means “sweet.” The suffix
-lysis comes from a Greek word that means “to loosen.” Therefore, during glycolysis, a sugar is
broken down (or “loosened”).
8. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, because it takes place without oxygen.
9. During the Krebs cycle, chemical reactions breakdown carbon-based molecules.
4.6
10. Fermentation is important, because it allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is
unavailable for cellular respiration.
11. Fermentation removes electrons from NADH and recycles NAD+ to glycolysis.
12. Fermentation takes place in your muscle cells during hard exercise, when not enough oxygen is
available.
13. Fermentation is an anaerobic process, because it occurs without oxygen.
14. Fermentation is involved in the production of ATP by allowing glycolysis to take place. Glycolysis
yields two net ATP.
Complete the following.
15. Circle the two ways in which cellular respiration seems to be the opposite
of photosynthesis.
a. The reactions occur at either end of the chloroplast.
b. The overall chemical equations are the reverse of each other.
c. Cellular respiration breaks down sugars to make ATP, and photosynthesis uses ATP to make
sugars.
d. Cellular respiration produces oxygen, and photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide.
16. Circle the two parts of a mitochondrion where cellular respiration takes place.
a. matrix
b stroma
c. inner mitochondrial membrane
d. outer mitochondrial membrane
17. The overall process of cellular respiration can be written as a chemical equation. Fill in the blanks
in the equation below using the appropriate compound from the box.
6O2
6CO2
6H2O
C6H12O6
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O
18. The two reactants in the cellular respiration equation are C6H12O6 and 6O2
19. The two products in the cellular respiration equation are 6CO2 and 6H2O.
20. Name one commercial use of lactic acid fermentation. Cheese, yogurt
21. Name one commercial use of alcoholic fermentation. bread
22. Why is the cellular respiration equation written with several arrows?
a. Because a series of products result from the reaction.
b. Because a series of reactants enter into the reaction.
c. Because a series of chemicals is added to the process.
d. Because a series of chemical reactions occur. D
Diagrams
23. Use the space below to sketch a mitochondrion. Label the mitochondria, matrix and
inner membrane. Indicate where each of the following steps of the cellular respiration process
occurs.
a. Energized electrons are passed along the electron transport chain in the inner mitochondrial
membrane.
b. Energy is transferred to the second stage of cellular respiration (the electron transport chain).
c. A large number of ATP are formed. Oxygen picks up electrons, and water is released as a
waste product.
d. Three-carbon molecules enter the Krebs cycle and are broken down. ATP and other energycarrying molecules are formed. Carbon dioxide is released as a waste product.
Cellular Respiration
D
matrix
B
C
A
24.
In the space below, draw the process of lactic acid fermentation and label it with the
statements listed. ORDER: D, B, C, A
a. NAD+ is recycled to glycolysis.
b. NADH is used to convert pyruvate into lactic acid.
c. NADH is changed into NAD+.
d. Pyruvate and glycolysis enter fermentation.
Lactic Acid Fermentation
25.
In the space below, draw the process of alcoholic fermentation and label it with the statements
listed. ORDER: C, A, D, B
a. NADH is used to convert pyruvate into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
b. NAD+ is recycled to glycolysis.
c. Pyruvate and glycolysis enter fermentation.
d. NADH is changed into NAD+ .
Alcoholic Fermentation
26.
Place a check mark in the appropriate boxes below to show how lactic acid fermentation and
alcoholic fermentation are similar and how they are different.
Lactic Acid
Fermentation
Alcoholic
Fermentation
Both
Uses pyruvate and NADH
X
Recycles NAD+ to
glycolysis
X
Produces lactic acid
X
Produces alcohol and
carbon dioxide
X
27. Using your notes, complete the following.
Aerobic
Anaerobic
ATP
Energy
Glucose
Glycolysis
oxygen
Cellular respiration
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
NADH
Organisms obtain energy in a process called (a) cellular respiration. This process harvests electrons
from carbon compounds, such as (b)glucose, and uses that energy to make (c)ATP. ATP is used to
provide (d)energy for cells to do work. In (e)_glycolysis, glucose is broken down into pyruvate.
Glycolysis is a(n) (f)anaerobic process because it does not require oxygen. Glycolysis takes place in
the (g)cytoplasm. Two molecules of ATP and two molecules of (h)NADH are formed for every
glucose molecules that is broken down. (i) Aerobic respiration takes place in the (j) mitochondria. It
is aerobic because the process requires (k)oxygen.
K. How many ATP molecules are produced from the glycolysis of
one six-carbon glucose? 2
L. Why is there a net gain of two ATP molecules in the glycolysis
of one six-carbon glucose?
Some of the ATP is used to fuel the reaction
28. Krebs Cycle
What is the net yield of ATP produced by each of the circled
processes in the diagram?
a. Glycolysis = 2 ATP
b. Krebs cycle = 2 ATP
c. Electron Transport chain =32 ATP
d. Find the total net yield of ATP from one molecule of
glucose. 36
e. Which process produces more energy – the anaerobic
pathway or the aerobic pathway? aerobic
True/False
T
_______29. The anaerobic pathway that follows glycolysis in the absence of oxygen is fermentation.
F
_______30. The hydrogen necessary in the electron transport chain comes from the splitting of
carbon dioxide molecules.
F
_______31. Cellular respiration in eukaryotes is slightly more efficient than in prokaryotes.
T
_______32. The Krebs cycle is sometimes called the TCA cycle or the citric acid cycle.
F
_______33. Fermentation occurs in the mitochondria.
T
_______34. Skeletal muscle produces lactic acid when the body cannot supply enough oxygen.
F
_______35. Alcohol fermentation is found in some bacteria and in humans.
F
_______36. The two pyruvate molecules formed during glycolysis result in two Krebs cycles.
F
_______37. Electron transport is the first step in the breakdown of glucose.