AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School Curricular Requirements CR1 Students and teachers use a recently published (within the last 10 years) college-level chemistry textbook. CR2 The course is structured around the enduring understandings within the big ideas as described in the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework. CR3a CR3b CR3c CR3d CR3e CR3f CR4 CR5a CR5b CR6 CR7 The course provides students with opportunities outside the laboratory environment to meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 1: Structure of matter. The course provides students with opportunities outside the laboratory environment to meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 2: Properties of matter-characteristics, states, and forces of attraction. The course provides students with opportunities outside the laboratory environment to meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 3: Chemical reactions. The course provides students with opportunities outside the laboratory environment to meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 4: Rates of chemical reactions. The course provides students with opportunities outside the laboratory environment to meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 5: Thermodynamics. The course provides students with opportunities outside the laboratory environment to meet the learning objectives within Big Idea 6: Equilibrium. The course provides students with the opportunity to connect their knowledge of chemistry and science to major societal or technological components (e.g., concerns, technological advances, innovations) to help them become scientifically literate citizens. Students are provided the opportunity to engage in investigative laboratory work integrated throughout the course for a minimum of 25 percent of instructional time. Students are provided the opportunity to engage in a minimum of 16 handson laboratory experiments integrated throughout the course while using basic laboratory equipment to support the learning objectives listed within the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework The laboratory investigations used throughout the course allows students to apply the seven science practices defined in the AP Chemistry Curriculum Framework. At minimum, six of the required 16 labs are conducted in a guided-inquiry format. The course provides opportunities for students to develop, record, and maintain evidence of their verbal, written, and graphic communication skills through laboratory reports, summaries of literature or scientific investigations, and oral, written, and graphic presentations. -0- 2013-14 Page (s) 3 1, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 6, 7 8 10, 11 15 12 16, 17 21 1 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 1 AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 COURSE DESCRIPTION The purpose of Advanced Placement Chemistry is to provide a college level course in chemistry and to prepare the student to seek credit and/or appropriate placement in college chemistry courses. AP Chemistry is open to all students that have completed a year of chemistry who wish to take part in a rigorous and academically challenging course. This course is structured around the six big ideas articulated in the AP Chemistry curriculum framework provided by the College Board. [CR2] A special emphasis will be placed on the seven science practices, which capture important aspects of the work that scientists engage in, with learning objectives that combine content with inquiry and reasoning skills. Emphasis is placed on depth of understanding of a topic, rather than breadth of topics. In addition, students will spend at least five hours a week studying outside of class. LABORATORY PROGRAM The laboratory activities are comprised of “hands-on” labs so the students can accomplish multiple trials and can use statistical analysis to derive conclusions. Students are required to have a bound composition book and a three ring binder, which will be used as their lab portfolio. A minimum of 25 percent of instructional time is dedicated to lab activities. [CR5a] Inquiry is emphasized in many of the experiments that students complete. The labs completed require following or developing process and procedures, taking observations, and data manipulation. At minimum, six of the labs are guided-inquiry based. Students will communicate and collaborate in lab groups; however, each student will submit for grading a typed laboratory report or a written lab report in a lab notebook for every lab they perform. [CR7] Every lab assignment must have a lab report including the following in order to receive maximum credit. We will require two versions of a lab report. Version I will be for all standard labs and Version II will be for the guided-inquiry labs. All Version I labs will be in a bound, composition book. All Version II labs will be typed out. Version I I. II. Table of Contents of Composition Book Date of experiment performed Title of experiment Page numbers of lab report Number Pages in Composition Book All pages in composition book are numbered Do not skip any pages -1- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School III. IV. V. 2013-14 Report Criteria Title Purpose – State the problem/questions clearly; substantiate the question and explain the reason for the investigation Background – Refer to handout Procedure – Refer to handout. Labs must have any procedural changes noted. Give explicit details of methods and give precise quantitative directions. Data Table/Pictures Data must have numbers with descriptive units in correct significant figures Data must be recorded directly into composition book Discussion and Conclusion Explain all calculations which produced data in data table Answers to questions should be written in complete sentences with the question stated in the answer Explanation of data and results Version II I. II. III. Title Title of experiment Name(s) of people involved in laboratory experience Date of experiment performed Introduction Purpose – state the problem/questions clearly; substantiate the question and explain the reason for the investigation Hypothesis – testable, offers a scientific explanation, & allows predictions to be generated Background Information – written in present tense; concise; summarized from outside sources and has in-text, name-year citations Experimental Design Text is written in past tense Written so that a peer could replicate your experiment if absent Include replication and controls Safety procedures must be included Proper nomenclature is used for all lab equipment and chemicals Includes HOW the dependent variable was measured -2- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School IV. V. VI. 2013-14 Data and Analysis Text is written in past tense Data is appropriately analyzed and calculated with descriptive units in correct significant figures Visuals in the form of tables and figures are present, properly constructed, and referenced in the text Discussion /Conclusion Text is written in past tense The purpose of the investigation is restated Text points out major trends or differences in the data and includes specific numerical data that strengthens the argument for the trend Data and results are evaluated and interpreted with scientific explanations Explanation of calculations involving data Exceptions or explanations of negative results are discussed Answers to questions should be written in complete sentences with the question stated in the answer Experimental results and interpretations are compared and contrasted to previously published work Future steps or investigations are discussed References Cited Full references are given for all text citations in MLA format TEXTS Zumdahl, Steven S. and Zumdahl, Susan A. (2013). Chemistry AP Edition (9th ed.). Brooks Cole. [CR1] -3- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 LABORATORY MANUALS College Board, AP Chemistry Guided-Inquiry Experiments: Applying the Science Practices Teacher Manual Vonderbrink, Sally A. (2006). Laboratory Experiments for Advanced Placement Chemistry (2nd ed.). Flinn Scientific Inc. Cooper, Melanie M. (2012). Cooperative Chemistry Lab Manual (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill. DEMONSTRATION RESOURCES Shakhashiri, Basam. Chemical Demonstrations: A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry. CURRICULUM SEQUENCE CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Early September Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 2.7, 5.10 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 7.6, 1, 10.8 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Introduction to Chemistry Meet the Elements 1. Scientific Method SP 6.1 2. Classification of Matter Students are given the opportunity to 3. Separation Science make observations on many different a. Distillation elements on the periodic table and based b. Chromatography on their physical characteristics, 4. Physical and Chemical Properties determine periodic tendencies. 5. Temperature and Density – demos Students will research the properties 6. Meet the Elements using the Internet. Each lab group 7. Math review, Significant Figures, and member gives a short, 5-minute Statistical Techniques presentation on an element. 8. Dimensional Analysis and Proportions Resource: www.ptable.com 9. Units of Measurement 10. Conversion of Units 11. Uncertainty in Measurements and Significant Figures 12. Length and Volume 13. Mass and Weight 14. Density and Specific Gravity 15. Temperature and its Measurement -4- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 Laboratory Equipment Technique SP 3 Students will identify laboratory equipment and watch a demonstration of application. Guided-Inquiry: Chromatography: Sticky Question: How Do You Separate Molecules That Are Attracted to One Another? SP 1.4, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.2, 6.4 Students will design and/or interpret the results of a separation experiment (filtration, paper chromatography, column chromatography, or distillation) in terms of the relative strength of interactions among and between the components. -5- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Late September/Early October Big Idea 1: The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter, and all matter can be understood in terms of arrangements of atoms. These atoms retain their identity in chemical reactions. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14 Textbook Chapter(s): 3.2, 7.4-7.5, 7.11, 7.12, 8.1, 8.4-8.5, 9.6 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Nuclear and Atomic Structure Guided-Inquiry: Spectroscopy: What is the 1. Types of Subatomic Particles Relationship Between Concentration of a Solution 2. The Nucleus and the Amount of Transmitted Light Through a 3. Mass Spectroscopy and Isotopes Solution? 4. Stability of the Nucleus SP 2.2, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 6.4 5. Atomic Structure Students can justify the selection of a 6. Rutherford Experiment particular type of spectroscopy to 7. Cathode Ray Experiments measure properties associated with 8. Atomic Structure Terms vibrational or electronic motions of 9. Electromagnetic Radiation molecules. 10. Quantization of Energy 11. Photoelectric Effect 12. PES Data Flame Test of Salt Solutions 13. Bohr Atom SP 1.5 14. Spectroscopy Emission spectroscopy and electronic 15. Orbital Model of Atom transition 16. Aufbau Diagram Students will predict the color of the 17. Paramagnetism flame produced when each of your test 18. Quantum Model solutions is heated in a Bunsen burner. Students will calculate the energy of a photon of a particular color emitted. Spectroscopy of Gases Using a Discharge Tube SP 3 Students will determine the emission spectrum of various known gases from given gas discharge tubes. Students will determine what elements are in a fluorescent light bulb. Students will determine the energy of emission. -6- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Late October Big Idea 1: The chemical elements are fundamental building materials of matter, and all matter can be understood in terms of arrangements of atoms. These atoms retain their identity in chemical reactions. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 1.9, 1.10, 1.11, 2.14, 2.17, 2.19, 2.20, 2.22, 2.23, 2.24, 2.25, 2.26, 2.27, 2.28 Textbook Chapter(s): 2.6-2.7, 4.1, 7.11-7.13, 8.1-8.3, 8.5, 10.3-10.8, 11.2, 20.1-20.14, 21.1 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Periodicity and Introduction to Bonding Guided-Inquiry: Bonding in Solids: What’s in 1. Atomic Properties That Bottle? 2. Periodic Law SP 1.4, 4.2, 4.4, 5.3, 6.2, 6.4, 7.1 3. Elemental Properties Students will be able to design or 4. Types of Bonds evaluate a plan to collect and/or 5. Metallic Bonding interpret data needed to deduce the type 6. Properties of Group One of bonding in a sample of a solid. 7. Properties of Period Two 8. Metals vs. Non Metals Separation and Qualitative Determination of 9. Multiple Oxidation States of Transition Cations and Anions Metals SP 4.3, 5.1, 6.1 10. Ionic Bonding Students will analyze known cations and 11. Ionic Bonding and Potential Energy anions in solution to learn the techniques Diagrams of analysis. 12. Energy of Formation of Ionic Compounds Students will analyze an unknown 13. Lattice Energy solution to determine which ions are present and which are absent. Student Activity – Students use data and construct graphs to predict, demonstrate, and identify periodic trends. Students will use graphs and data to justify exceptions to identified trends and present such information in a class discussion. LO 1.9 [CR3a] -7- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Early to Mid-November Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 2.11, 2.13, 2.18, 2.20, 2.21, 2.22, 2.29, 2.30, 2.31, 2.32, 5.9 Textbook Chapter(s): 8.2-8.3, 8.10-8.13, 10.1-10.7 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Covalent Bonding and Molecules Molecular Modeling Using Kits 1. Types of Covalent Bonds SP 1.4 2. Nonpolar Covalent Bonds Students will build models of molecules 3. Polar Covalent Bonds showing the correct molecular geometry 4. Coordinate Covalent Bonds caused by shared and lone pairs of o Lewis Acids and Lewis Bases electrons around the central atom. 5. Lewis Structures 6. Resonance 7. Hybridization 8. Molecular Geometry 9. Energy Effects on Molecules 10. Isomerism 11. Functional Groups 12. Interactions of Functional Groups 13. Classification of Molecules 14. Intermolecular Interactions 15. Dipole Moments 16. Dielectric Constants 17. Types of Compounds 18. Properties of Metallic, Molecular, Macromolecular and Ionic Compounds Student Activity – Students are given structures of various compounds and must explain why they differ in physical state at various temperatures; then predict the type(s) of bonding present based on the atom’s position on the periodic table. LO 2.1, 2.13, 2.17, & 2.19 [CR3b] -8- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – End of November Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 1.15, 1.19, 2.10, 2.11, 3.3, 5.11 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 7.4, 1.10, 3.10-3.11, 4.8, 7.1, 8.8, 9.6, 10.1, 15.4, 22.6 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Unit Topics Skills Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Organic Chemistry Synthesis, Isolation, and Purification of 1. Properties and Bonding in Carbon Compounds an Ester o Introduction to organic chemistry SP 2.2, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1 o Hydrocarbons and functional groups Students will go through the (structure, nomenclature, chemical esterification process and will properties) identify the completion of such o Physical and chemical properties of simple a process through macroscopic organic compounds observations. 2. Hydrocarbons o Petroleum o Fractional Distillation o Cracking o Alkanes o Alkenes o Alkynes o Benzene Series o General Formulas o Structural Formulas o Saturated/Unsaturated Compounds 3. Nomenclature o Alkyl Groups o IUPAC Nomenclature o Isomers 4. Other Organic Compounds o Alcohols o Aldehydes o Ketones o Acids o Esters o Ethers o Amines o Polymers Addition Polymerization Condensation Polymerization Natural Polymers 5. Organic Reactions -9- AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Early December Big Idea 3: Changes in matter involve the rearrangement and/or reorganization of atoms and/or the transfer of electrons. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.8, 3.9, 5.10 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 7.1, 1.10, 3.8, 4.1-4.10, 8.1-8.13, 10.1-10.8, 11.2, 14.8, 18.1, Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Predicting Reactions Guided-Inquiry: Physical and Chemical Changes: 1. Naming Compounds Can the Individual Components of Quick Ache 2. Balancing Chemical Equations Relief Be Used to Resolve Consumer Complaints? 3. Types of Chemical Equations SP 1.4, 4.4, 6.1 4. Types of Chemical Reactions Students will evaluate the classification 5. Predicting Based on Stability of a process as a physical change, 6. Predicting Based on Type chemical change, or ambiguous change 7. Chemical Reactivity and Products of based on both macroscopic observations Chemical Reactions and the distinction between 8. Reaction Types – Organic Functional rearrangement of covalent interactions Group Reactions, Acid-Base Reactions; and non-covalent interactions. Concepts of Arrhenius, Brönsted-Lowry and Lewis; Coordination Complexes; Amphoterism Oxidation-Reduction Titrations o Precipitation Reactions SP 1.4, 2.2, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.4, 7.1 o Oxidation-Reduction Reactions Students will standardize a solution of o Oxidation Number potassium permanganate by redox o Role of Electron in Oxidationtitration. Reduction The standardized potassium permanganate solution will be used to calculate the concentration of an oxalic acid solution. Student Activity – Students observe a series of chemical reactions using video demonstrations from websites. For each they will: (1) Classify the type of reaction, (2) Write a balanced net ionic chemical equation, (3) Write a brief description for each reaction, (4) Determine the driving force towards thermodynamic favorability for the reaction. LO 3.1 & 3.2 [CR3c] - 10 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Mid-December Big Idea 3: Changes in matter involve the rearrangement and/or reorganization of atoms and/or the transfer of electrons. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.17, 1.18, 1.19, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 Textbook Chapter(s): 2.2-2.3, 3.3-3.11, 4.3, 4.5, 4.8-4.9, 5.2-5.5, 5.7 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Measurement and Stoichiometry Empirical Formula of Silver Oxide 1. Law of Constant Composition and SP 1.4, 2.1, 2.2, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.4 Calculations Based on Law Students will use a prescribed procedure 2. Using Moles to Find a Quantity and series of calculations to determine 3. Stoichiometry the empirical formula of silver oxide. 4. Limiting Reagents 5. Using Density 6. Solution Terms Gravimetric Analysis of a Metal Carbonate 7. Stoichiometry – Solutions SP 2.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1 Students will determine the identity of a Group 1 metal carbonate by gravimetric analysis. Student Activity – Students determine optimum hydrocarbon fuel to oxygen ratio to achieve complete combustion in a 60 mL volume. LO 3.3 & 3.4 [CR3c] END OF FIRST SEMESTER - 11 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Early January Big Idea 5: The laws of thermodynamics describe the essential role of energy and explain and predict the direction of changes in matter. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 3.11, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.12, 5.13, 5.14 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 7.2, 5.6, 6.1-6.2, 6.4, 8.1, 8.8, 10.8, 17.1-17.6, Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Thermochemistry Guided-Inquiry: Calorimetry: The Hand Warmer 1. Introduction to Thermodynamics Challenge: Where Does the Heat Come From? 2. Conservation of Energy SP 1.4, 2.2, 2.3, 4.2, 5.1, 5.3, 6.4, 7.2 3. State Functions Students will design and/or interpret the 4. Potential Energy results of an experiment in which 5. Kinetic Energy calorimetry is used to determine the 6. Calorimetry change in enthalpy of a chemical process 7. Heat of Fusion (heating/cooling, phase transition, or 8. Heat of Vaporization chemical reaction) at constant pressure. 9. Specific Heat 10. Heat of Dilution 11. Heat of Solution 12. Hess’s Law – Direct and Indirect 13. Bond Dissociation Energies 14. Gibbs Free Energy Equation Student Activity – Pre-Lab Activity: Students calculate the needed volume of oxygen to react with given volume of gases in a reaction, determine the heat of the reaction, and then determine the amount of work produced using the distance the rocket traveled and heat produced from the reaction. LO 5.3 & 5.4 [CR3e] - 12 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Late January Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.12, 2.16, 2.22, 2.29, 2.31 Textbook Chapter(s): 5.1-5.6, 5.8, 10.1-10.7, Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Gas, Liquids and Solids Determining the Molar Volume of a Gas 1. Real Gases versus Ideal gases SP 1.3, 1.4, 2.2, 2.3, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5, 7.2 2. Ideal Gas Equation Students will use a prescribed procedure 3. Derivations Based on Ideal Gas Equation to perform a chemical reaction and use a 4. Gases Collected Over Water series of calculations to determine the 5. Kinetic Molecular Theory molecular volume of hydrogen gas at 6. Van Der Waals Equation STP. 7. Molecular Speeds 8. Diffusion and Effusion 9. Molecular Theory Related to Phase 10. Phase Changes 11. Entropy 12. Heating and Cooling Curves 13. Interfaces 14. Pressure 15. Vapor Pressure 16. Boiling Point and Freezing Points 17. Vapor Pressure Curves 18. Phase Diagrams – Triple Point, Critical Point 19. Energy Change During Phase Changes 20. Viscosity 21. Surface Tension 22. Types of Solids and Crystal Structure - 13 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Early February Big Idea 2: Chemical and physical properties of materials can be explained by the structure and arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules and the forces between them. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 1.16, 2.8, 2.9, 2.15 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 3, 4.1-4.3, 5.8-5.9, 11.1-11.3, 17.1, 22.6 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Solutions Molar Mass by Freezing Point Depression 1. Types of Solutions SP 1.1, 1.2, 1.4, 2.2, 2.3, 5.1, 6.4, 7.1, 7.2 2. Electrolytes Students will use freezing-point 3. Miscibility and Immiscibility depression to find molecular weight of a 4. Process of Dissolution given substance. 5. Dissolution versus Ionization 6. Solubility Terms 7. Solubility Curves Spectroscopic Determination of the Percent of 8. Henry’s Law Salicylic Acid in Aspirin 9. Concentration Terms – Molarity, SP 4.2, 5.1 Molality, Percent. Mole Fractions Students prepare standard salicylic acid 10. Dilution Problems solutions and use spectroscopy to 11. Stoichiometry Problems with Solutions – determine percent salicylic acid in Review expired aspirin tablets. 12. Raoult’s law Given past methods of spectroscopy and 13. Freezing and Boiling Points of Solutions – preparation of standard solutions, Colligative Properties students design an experiment to 14. van’t Hoff Factor determine percent salicylic acid in 15. Osmosis expired aspirin tablets. 16. Deviation from Raoult’s Law 17. Colloids - 14 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Late February/Early March Big Idea 4: Rates of Chemical reactions are determined by details of the molecular collisions. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix, 7.8, Appendix 7.9, 12.2-12.7, 19.2, 19.4, Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Kinetics Guided-Inquiry: Kinetics: Rate of Reaction: How 1. Rates relationship to Collisions Long Will That Marble Statue Last? 2. Reaction Mechanisms SP 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 3. Activation Energy 7.1, 7.2 4. Nature of Reactants and Interfacial Students will design and/or interpret the Surface Area results of an experiment regarding the 5. Temperature and Pressure Effects on factors (i.e., temperature, concentration, Rates surface area) that may influence the rate 6. Catalyst – Homogeneous and of reaction. Heterogeneous 7. Potential Energy Diagrams – Review 8. Activated Complex and Intermediates Kinetics of a Reaction 9. Arrhenius Equation SP 1.4, 2.2, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4 10. Maxwell-Boltzman Diagram Students will use a prescribed procedure 11. Average Rate to perform the acid decomposition of 12. Rates Relationship to Stoichiometry thiosulfate and use a series of 13. Graphical Determination of calculations to determine the rate law of Instantaneous Rate the reaction. 14. Rate Laws Students will perform graphical 15. Determination of Rate Laws determination of order. 16. Determination of Mechanisms Students will use differential rate laws to 17. Order of Reactions determine order of reaction. 18. Calculations Based on Rate Order Students will determine the rate constant from experimental data. Student Activity – Students orally present the solution to a problem given a set of data of the change of concentration versus time to the class, indicating the order of the reaction and the rate constant with appropriate units. LO 4.2 [CR3d] - 15 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Mid-March Big Idea 6: Any bond or intermolecular attraction that can be formed can be broken. These two processes are in a dynamic competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external perturbations. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 5.16, 5.17, 5.18, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.21, 6.22, 6.23, 6.24, 6.25 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 7.7, Appendix 7.11, 7.1, 11.2, 13.1-13.7, 14.1-14.12, 15.1-15.5, 16.116.3, 17.6-17.8, 18.3-18.5, 18.7, 20.2 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Equilibrium The Determination of Keq for FeSCN 2+ 1. Reversible Processes and Reactions SP 2.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1 2. Types of Systems Students will perform a variety of 3. Kinetics Relationship to Equilibrium stresses on a given system in equilibrium 4. Equilibrium Expressions to demonstrate Le Chatelier’s Principle. 5. Equilibrium Constants 6. LeChatelier’s Principle 7. Equilibrium Stresses 8. Equilibrium Calculations 9. Molar Solubility 10. Common Ion Effect 11. Reaction Quotients Student Activity – Students determine the concentration of reactants and products at equilibrium given the equilibrium constant and the concentration of other substances in the reaction at equilibrium. Students will apply LeChatelier’s Principle quantitatively to equilibrium systems that are altered. LO 6.8 [CR3f] - 16 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – End of March/Early April Big Idea 6: Any bond or intermolecular attraction that can be formed can be broken. These two processes are in a dynamic competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external perturbations. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 1.20, 2.2, 3.7, 6.11, 6.12, 6.13, 6.14, 6.15, 6.16, 6.17, 6.18, 6.19, 6.20 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 7.10, 14.1-14.9, 15.1-15.5 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Acids, Bases and Salts Selecting Indicators for Acid/Base Titrations 1. Dissociation versus Ionization SP 1.4, 2.2, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4 2. Preparation of Acids, Bases and Salts Students select the appropriate 3. Classification of Acids and Bases indicators for two titrations – a weak 4. Brönsted-Lowry Theory of Acids and acid/strong base and weak base/strong Bases acid. 5. Degree of Ionization 6. Equilibrium Constants for Acids and Bases 7. Weak Acids and Bases Preparation and Properties of Buffer Solutions 8. Binary Acids versus Oxyacids SP 2.2, 2.3, 4.2, 5.1, 6.1, 6.4, 7.2 9. Determination of Acid and Base Students investigate the properties of Properties Based on Structure buffer solutions. 10. Ionization of Water The initial pH of each buffer solution is 11. pH and pOH determined. 12. Acid-Base Stoichiometry Problems – A strong acid and strong base are added Review to each buffer in a series a steps and the 13. Ionization Calculations of Weak Acids and resulting pH is determined. Bases 14. Henderson-Hasselbach Equation 15. Titration Calculations Guided-Inquiry: Buffering Activity: To What 16. Indicators Extent Do Common Household Products Have on 17. Types of Salts Buffering Activity? 18. Dissociation of Salts and Buffers SP 2.2, 2.3, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 7.2 Students will identify a solution as being a buffer solution and explain the buffer mechanism in terms of reactions that would occur from the addition of an acid or a base. Student Activity – Students determine pH of various buffer solutions and describe the mechanism that would occur within the buffer system upon the addition of an acid or base. LO 6.20 [CR3f] - 17 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 CURRICULUM CONTENT MAP – Mid-April Big Idea 3: Changes in matter involve the rearrangement and/or reorganization of atoms and/or the transfer of electrons. [CR2] Learning Objectives: 3.12, 3.13, 5.14, 5.15, 6.25 Textbook Chapter(s): Appendix 7.11, 17.4, 17.6, 17.8-17.9, 18.3-18.5, 18.8 Lab Activity Title and Science Practice Skills Unit Topics Acquired [CR5b] & [CR6] Electrochemistry and Thermodynamics Voltaic Cell and Nernst Equation Lab 1. Oxidation and Reduction SP 2.2, 2.3, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 6.4 2. Substances Gaining Potential Prepare a list containing all seven 3. Types of Electrochemical Cells metal/metal ion half-reactions as 4. Voltaic Cells reduction reactions, using a definition of 5. Cell Potentials the Ag/AgCl half-reactions as 0.00 volts. 6. Concentration Dependence of E List the half-reactions from the most 7. Nernst Equation positive reduction potential to the most 8. Cell Potentials and Equilibrium negative reduction potential. 9. Metal Electrodes Compare the discovered voltaic order in 10. Reference Electrodes the lab to a known value on chart in your 11. Indicator Electrodes reference tables of chemistry. 12. Application of Voltaic Cells Sketch an electrochemical cell for all the 13. Electrolysis cells created. Include each half-cell, the 14. Faraday’s Law salt bridge, the electrodes and solutions, 15. Electrolytic Cells the voltmeter leads, the voltmeter, and a 16. Order of Reduction switch in your drawing. 17. Applications of Electrolytic Cells 18. Gibbs Free Energy Equation (Free Work) 19. Relationship of Equilibrium and Q Electrolysis 20. Relationship to E SP 2.2, 2.3, 5.1, 6.4 Students will set up an electrolysis cell and use it to electrolyze an acidic solution of copper (II) sulfate. Students will use macroscopic observations and calculations to generate a list of all particles (ions and molecules) present in U-tube before electrolysis. o Determine which electrode is the anode and which electrode is the cathode. o Determine the value of a Faraday. o Determine the value of coulombs per mole of electrons. o Determine the value of Avogadro’s constant. o Determine Eo - 18 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 FINAL EXIT ASSESSMENT AP Chemistry Poster Board Guidelines and Laboratory Binder Portfolio All students will generate a laboratory binder portfolio, which will contain a table of contents, all typed laboratory handouts, and copies of all returned laboratory reports with dividers separating each laboratory experience. Each designated lab group will perform a 10-minute poster board presentation on the laboratory experience of their choice. Poster boards can be the standard poster board used at most science fair competitions. A 3’x4’ (36” x 48”) board is acceptable. The boards should securely stand on a table and fold/bend into a 4 foot squared section. The Abstract needs to be placed in the top left corner. The Title, Student’s Name, AP period, and School Name should be placed in the top center. All other slides can be placed in a logical manner on the board. - 19 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School 2013-14 Example Poster: Title and Name Abstract Methods Introduction Project Results Project Results Methods Review of Literature Review of Literature Hypothesis Conclusion Discussion Acknowledgments Abstract: Summary and Summation of Lab Review of Literature: Provides past research reported in literature and background information. Introduces the topic historically and scientifically. Presented in a logical order, which will lead to the statement of purpose or rationale for the work. Statement of Purpose/Hypothesis: Identifies a clear prediction or outcome to an event. Identifies the questions that the research seeks to explain. Methods and Materials: Lists and/or demonstrates the use of equipment and supplies, and describes procedures to be used to execute the experiment. Results: Because the experiment has not been conducted yet, write the results you anticipate that would support your hypothesis. Data tables and graphs must be included. Analysis and Discussion: The student explains and interprets the rationale regarding their scientific research area. Conclusion: States whether or not the results support the hypothesis, suggests future research, and discusses the importance this research has to the scientific community or society. Applications: How is this experiment related to everyday world applications, major societal or technological components (e.g., concerns, technological advances, innovations) such as how spectroscopy can be used to distinguish real art from a forgery? [CR4] - 20 - AP Chemistry Syllabus – Joliet Township High School Each group will determine the following responsibilities: Lab chosen to present Person designated to purchase the poster board Each group will determine the person responsible for the following responsibilities: Poster board layout Title Abstract Review of literature Statement of purpose/hypothesis Methods and materials Results Analysis and discussion Conclusion application All slides must be produced using PowerPoint. - 21 - 2013-14