TEACHERS GUIDE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
By Ann Edson M.Ed
Approximate Running Time 15:00
EA Video, Inc.
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i
This Program Contains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Intended Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Course Suitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Rationale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Performance Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Classroom Teaching Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Other Programs in the Human Body System Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Support Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Pre-Viewing Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Post-Viewing Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Reproducible Masters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-13
Word List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5-6
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7-8
Video Activity One . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Video Activity Two . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Video Activity Three . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Video Activity Four . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Program Examination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Answer Key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Digestive System
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Ann Edson, M.ED., former elementary school principal, teacher
and adjunct professor in education at Adelphi University, is a
National Education Consultant. She has authored many programs
in mathematics and science including CELLS, CRACK and
SMOKING’S NOT FOR WINNERS.
i
Digestive System
THIS PROGRAM CONTAINS
1-Video cassette
1-Teachers guide
INTENDED AUDIENCE
Grades 4-8
COURSE SUITABILITY
Appropriate for all science and health courses in which the human body
systems are covered.
RATIONALE
The study of the human body is an integral part of science & health in the
elementary grades. This video promotes healthful eating, exercise, and not
smoking to keep the human body functioning at its best. Combining a
process/hands - on approach with this interactive video allows students to
extend their knowledge of the human body systems.
OVERVIEW
The video introduces the students to an amazing journey lasting perhaps
two days, traveling through more than 2500 feet of tubes, chambers, and
pipes that make up the digestive system. Students will see how the body turns
proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water into energy.
Animated graphics captures the students attention while interactive activities
during the video reinforce the concept. Gives the students some tips for taking care of their digestive system.
PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES
After viewing and interacting with this program, students will be able to:
• Name the route food takes through the body.
• Describe what nutrients are, and where the nutrients are
separated from the waste.
• Explain the process called peristalsis.
• Understand the purpose for the saliva in the mouth.
• Recall the four main functions the tongue has.
1
Digestive System
CLASSROOM TEACHING STRATEGIES
This is a interactive program. Have students prepared to watch this program
with a pencil and a sheet of paper. Students should be ready to answer
questions during the playing of the video. Each question has a period of ten
seconds to answer.
OTHER PROGRAMS IN THE HUMAN BODY SYSTEM SERIES
Respiratory
Circulatory
Nervous
Muscular
Skeletal
CREDITS
Produced By . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Richard Harris
Videotape Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Renee Green/Joe Haegele
Recorded By . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rich Lepage
Narrator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rick Adamson
Computer Art . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Harry Carlisle/Kati Sontag/Al Levy
Written By . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ann Edson M. ED.
SPECIAL THANKS TO
American Heart Association
Texas Heart Institute
Sears Video Network
New York City Convention & Tourism Bureau
Mr. Wizard Studio
IBM, Inc.
American Red Cross
University World
University of Texas
Brazil Tourism
Australia Tourism
2
Digestive System
PRE-VIEWING ACTIVITIES
1) Have students familiarize themselves with the words in the word list, either
by class discussion or by looking up the definitions.
2) Have students write a short essay on the digestive system. Guide a
discussion summarizing the main ideas from the essays.
POST-VIEWING ACTIVITIES
1) Have the students evaluate all their suggestions on how they would
describe the digestive system and let the class prepare a final listing of the
characteristics of the digestive system taught in the video.
2) Have the students write an essay using the list of characteristics from
activity one.
3) Have the students complete the activity sheets.
4) Administer the program examination.
3
Digestive System
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Clayman, Charles. MD The Human Body. New York: Dorling Kindersley,
1995
Siepak, Karen L. Body Systems and Organs. North Carolina: Carson Dellosa, 1995
Crotts, Deborah. Biological Science. California: Frank Schaffer, 1994
O’Tool, Norma. Body Systems. Milken, 1984
Corbell, Jean - Claude. The Facts on File Visual Dictionary. Canada:
Editions Quebec/Amerique 1986
4
Digestive System
WORD LIST
Alimentary canal
Amino acids
Anus
Bladder
Carbohydrates
Digestive system
Enzymes
Epiglottis
Esophagus
Large intestine
Liver
Nutrients
Name _______________________
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
5
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Digestive System
WORD LIST (Cont’d)
Pancreas
Peristalsis
Pharynx
Protein
Rectum
Salivary glands
Small intestine
Stomach
Tongue
Trachea
Villi
Vitamins
Name _______________________
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
6
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Digestive System
GLOSSARY
Alimentary Canal - The tube or passage of the body through which food passes and
by means of which food is digested and wastes are eliminated.
Amino Acids - The building blocks of proteins. Protein is synthesized from 20
amino acids.
Anus - The excretory opening of the alimentary canal.
Bladder - A soft, thin, elastic sac which stores the urine secreted by the kidneys until it
is discharged.
Carbohydrates - Any of a group of chemical compounds, including sugars, starches,
and cellulose, containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only.
Digestive System - Consists of the alimentary canal and its digestive glands and
organs.
Enzymes - Special proteins that cause or accelerate chemical reactions in the body. For
example: Enzymes such as pepsin help break down food so that it can be digested.
Epiglottis - A thin triangular plate of cartilage that covers the entrance to the windpipe during swallowing, so that food and drink do not get into the lungs.
Esophagus - The tubular passage for food from the pharynx to the stomach.
Large Intestine - The wide, lower part of the intestines, between the small intestine
and anus, where water is absorbed and wastes are eliminated.
Liver- The large, reddish - brown organ that secretes bile and is active in the
absorption and storage of vitamins, minerals, and sugar. The liver frees the blood of
its waste matter and manufactures blood proteins.
Nutrients - A substance that provides nourishment.
Name _______________________
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
7
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Digestive System
GLOSSARY (Cont’d)
Pancreas - A large gland near the stomach that secretes pancreatic juice, a digestive
juice which contains various enzymes, into the small intestine.
Peristalsis - The wave like muscular contractions of the alimentary canal by which its
contents are moved forward.
Pharynx - The tube or cavity that connects the mouth with the esophagus.
Protein - Complex chemicals that perform important functions in all living things
Rectum - The last part of the colon or large intestine.
Salivary Glands - Glands that empty saliva into the mouth.
Small Intestine - The narrow, winding, upper part of the intestines, between the
stomach and the large intestine, where digestion is completed and nutrients are
absorbed by the blood.
Stomach - The organ in the body that serves as a receptacle for food and in which
early states of digestion occur.
Tongue - The movable fleshly organ in the oral cavity having taste buds that make it
the chief organ of taste, used in taking in and swallowing food, and serving as an
essential organ of speech.
Trachea - The tube used in breathing extending from the larynx to the bronchi, by
which air is carried to and from the lungs.
Name _______________________
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
8
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Activity Sheet #1
Mark True or False
Digestive System
1) You could swallow your food upside down.
True
False
2) The villi are filled with tiny blood vessels, called veins.
True
False
3) Each cell takes in the exact type of food it needs, while unused products are
removed as waste.
True
False
4) The route food takes through the body is called the alimentary canal.
True
False
5) The juice made by your salivary glands is called saliva.
True
False
6) Proteins are converted to simple sugars while carbohydrates are converted to
amino acids.
True
False
7) Minerals, vitamins, and water do need to be digested.
True
Name _______________________
False
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
9
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Activity Sheet #2
Digestive System
Arrange the following in the proper order to show the
correct path food takes through the digestive system:
Word Box
anus
stomach
large intestine
rectum
tongue
esophagus
small intestine
mouth
1)
5)
2)
6)
3)
7)
4)
8)
Name _______________________
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
10
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Activity Sheet #3
Label the Digestive System
Digestive System
1
6
2
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8
9
4
5
10
WORD BOX
Rectum
Adam’s Apple
Liver
Pancreas
Large Intestine
Small Intestine
Stomach
Esophagus
Tongue
Anus
Name _______________________
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
11
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Activity Sheet #4
Word Search
Digestive System
Search for the words found in the word box below.
The words could be forward or backwards, diagonal or straight.
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Word Box
STOMACH
LIVER
BLADDER
RECTUM
TONGUE
Name _______________________
PHARYNX
LARGE INTESTINE
ANUS
PROTEIN
SMALL INTESTINE
ALIMENTARY CANAL
NUTRIENTS
VILLI
VITAMINS
ENZYMES
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
12
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
Program Examination
Digestive System
Select the word from the word box that best
completes the statement or question.
Word Box
Enzymes
Chew
Five
Vitamins
Proteins
Villi
Carbohydrates
Taste
Fats
Twenty-three
Sounds
Minerals
Swallow
Water
Esophagus
Stomach
1) Your tongue has four main functions. It helps ______________________ food, it
also helps you ______________________ food, and it helps you experience
various______________________, plus your tongue also helps to form
______________________ by moving freely up and down as you speak.
2) After you swallow, food passes into the______________________, a passageway
for food between mouth and ______________________.
3) Chemical digestion helps change food into usable forms. These chemicals are
called ______________________.
4) The inside of your small intestine is covered with tiny finger - like projections
called ______________________.
5) Your large intestine is about ______________________ feet long, but much
wider than the small intestine.
6) Your small intestine is about ______________________ feet long.
7) Food can be divided into six main nutrients: ______________________,
_____________________________, ____________________________,
_____________________________, ____________________________,
_____________________________.
Name _______________________
Class _______________
VS 727 Human Body System: Digestive System
Educational Activities, Inc., Freeport, N.Y. 11520
13
Date ________________
Reproducible Masters
©MCMXCVI EA Video, Inc.
PROGRAM ANSWER KEY
Digestive System
Activity #4
Activity #1
1)
2)
3)
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6)
7)
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Activity #2
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
Mouth
Tongue
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Anus
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
Activity #3
Tongue
Adams Apple
Liver
Large Intestine
Rectum
Esophagus
Stomach
Pancreas
Small Intestine
Anus
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Program Examination
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
Chew, Swallow, Tastes, Sounds
Esophagus, Stomach
Enzymes
Villi
Five
Twenty-three
Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats,
Minerals, Vitamins, Water
14