DGFASLI’
DGFASLI’S Perspectives
visis-a-vis Disaster
Management
S.S. Gautam & B.D. Dubey
STAKE HOLDERS
•
•
•
•
•
Ministry of Environment & Forest,
Ministry of Labour & Employment,
Public administration,
Town planners,
Emergency response services
incorporating:
– Fire & Rescue Services,
– Civil Defence,
– Emergency Medical Services, etc.
ROLE OF GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES
• Incorporating required Safety &
Health measures in statutory fold,
• Enforcement of such provisions
strictly.
INDUSTRIAL DISASTERS
Assumed importance during last three
decades. Concern started after
– Explosion in Flixborough, UK -1974
(28 deaths and many injuries) &
– Toxic release of TCDD (Tetra chloro
dibenzo Dioxine) in Seveso, Italy in
the year 1976,
When the efforts were being made by
the European Union to develop some
strategy
– Explosion of LPG storages in Mexico
City -1984 &
– Toxic release of Methyl Isocyanate in
Bhopal -1984
COMPONENTS OF DISASTER
MANAGEMENT
• Prevention of chemical accidents,
• Containment & control systems, &
• Mitigation of damages from the
accidents.
DGFASLI ?
– Directorate General Factory Advice Service
and Labour Institutes, Mumbai under Ministry
of Labour & Employment,
– A technical arm of the Ministry on
• Matters related with safety & health of workers,
employed in
– Manufacturing and
– Port sector.
ROLE OF DGFASLI
ROLE OF DGFASLI
(is primarily preventive.)
(is primarily preventive.)
• DGFASLI assists Ministry of Labour &
Employment in
– framing legislative measures on the
subject of safety & health.
The enforcement of safety & health statutes
in factories is done by the Labour
Departments of the State Governments /
Union Territories.
• The five labour institutes at Mumbai,
Kanpur, Kolkata, Chennai and
Faridabad
– Carry out the research and
development work as per the current
needs. &
– Offer technical services like
• studies, surveys, audits, education,
training programmes, seminars
etc.
ROOTS OF OF MAH SYSTEM
IN INDIA
ROLE OF DGFASLI
(is primarily preventive.)
• It enforces the Dock Workers
(Safety, Health and Welfare) Act
1986 and the regulations framed
there under &
• The Manufacture, Storage and
Import of Hazardous Chemicals
Rules 1989 in 12 major ports of
the country.
• After the Bhopal event, the Chief of
OSH Branch of ILO visited India in
February 1985.
• During his visit a need for technical
assistance from ILO was agreed
upon.
• ILO sent a mission to India in April
1985 to identify and advise on
priorities for establishing control of
MAH in the country.
Salient features of Factories
(Amendment ) Act 1987
The Factories (Amendment)
Act 1987
• Ministry of Labour & Employment,
with the assistance of DGFASLI,
amended the Factories Act 1948.
• Concept of hazardous process
industries was introduced.
• Provisions for prevention, control
& mitigation of impact of
Industrial Accidents were brought
in.
S.No Sectio
n
Requirements
1.
41 A
Constitution of Site Appraisal Committees for initial
location of hazardous process factories.
2.
41 B
• Disclosure of dangers including health hazards and
the measure to overcome such hazards &
• Obligation of an occupier to draw up for a hazardous
installation:
•On site emergency plan. &
•Off site emergency plan.
• Laying down of health and safety policy.
• Providing information of nature and details of
process.
Salient Features of Factories
(Amendment ) Act 1987
S.No Sectio
n
Requirements
Salient Features of Factories
(Amendment ) Act 1987
S.No Sectio
n
Requirements
3.
41 C
• Medical examination and maintenance of health
records of the workers.
• Appointment of competent supervisors.
7.
41 G
Promotion and cooperation of workers and the
managements by constitution of safety committees.
4.
41 D
Power of Central Government to appoint an enquiry
committee to investigate accident and neglect.
8.
41 H
Right of workers to warn about imminent dangers.
9.
41 I
Enhancement of penalties for contravention of the
provisions of Section 41-B, 41-C and 41-H (which may
extend to Rs. 2 lacs and / or imprisonment for a term
extending up to 7 years )
5.
41 E
Laying down emergency standards on safety &
health.
6.
41 F
Laying down of permissible limits of exposure to toxic
substances
ILO Project on Controlling Major
Accident Hazards in India
• MOL&E, implemented first in 12
selected states.
• DGFASLI worked from 1986 to
1990 in the manufacturing sector
(i.e., factories) &
• Later in the port sector, from
January 1991 to April 1993.
IMMEDIATE OBJECTIVE
To strengthen the national system
for preventing occupational
accidents in certain industrial
activities.
PARTICIPANTS
– The Central Labour Institute
(CLI), Mumbai,
– Three Regional Labour
Institutes (in Calcutta, Chennai
and Kanpur)
– Inspectorates of Dock Safety &
– Inspectorates of Factories of
the 12 states
ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING MAH IN INDIA
THREETHREE-TIER TECHNICAL ORGANISATION
ON MAJOR ACCIDENT HAZARD CONTROL
• At the national Level
– Setting up of a multidisciplinary advisory
division to control major accident hazards,
at Central Labour Institute, Mumbai.
• At the regional Level
– cells to control major accident hazards set
up in the three Regional Labour Institutes,
i.e., in Calcutta, Chennai and Kanpur.
• AT the state level
– specialist cells set up in the headquarters of
the Inspectorates of Factories.
ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING MAH IN INDIA
FUNCTIONS
• Resource centers for the control of major
accident hazards.
• Provide technical advice and guidance on
hazardous chemicals to industry;
• Investigate major accidents;
• Inspect major accident hazard works;
• Develop technical guidelines and training
material,
• Conduct specialised training programmes on
the control of major accident hazards and
chemical safety for different target groups; and
• Conduct studies and safety audits of hazardous
operations.
RULES FOR THE CONTROL OF
MAJOR ACCIDENT HAZARDS
• Model rules on the Control of
Industrial Major Accident Hazards
(CIMAH) for notification by the
states under the Factories Act of
1948.
• Later Ministry of Environment and
Forests included these rules, as the
"Manufacture, Storage and Import of
Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989"
under the Environment (Protection)
Act of 1986.
ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING MAH IN INDIA
COMPUTERIZED DATA
BANK
• The databases on the inventories of the
hazardous chemicals, the major accident
hazard sites/works and the incidents of
major risk are updated continuously.
• Technical guidelines on various aspects of
hazard control.
– Checklists for the Inspectors to use when
performing inspections of bulk storages of
•
•
•
•
ammonia,
chlorine,
liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
medical care in emergencies involving the ten most
common hazardous chemicals in English and Hindi
• Inspection of MAH units in Ports.
TRAINING STRATEGY
• A large number of specialised training
programmes and seminars have been held
– Inspectors from the Inspectorates of Factories
and of Dock Safety;
– Senior executives;
– Safety officers;
– Workers who are members of safety
committees;
– Supervisory trainers from the major accident
hazard works and port authorities;
– Trade union leaders at both the national and
regional levels.
• Training manuals were developed to provide
the background reading material needed by
these training programme participants.
ELEMENTS OF THE SYSTEM FOR CONTROLLING MAH IN INDIA
STRENGTHENING OF THE LABOUR
INSTITUTES AND INSPECTORATES
• Deploying officers with qualifications
and experience in chemical engineering
• Providing training in the control of major
accident hazards in India and/or abroad.
• Conduct training programmes for
– Inspectors of Factories,
– Inspectors of Dock Safety,
– technical personnel from the industry
• Technical advice to the major accident
hazard sites/works.
ONGOING ACTIVITIES
• Enforcement:
– enforcing MSIHC Rules 1989 in the
12 Major Ports of the country.
MAJOR HAZARD INSTALLATIONS
IN INDIAN PORTS
Port
Substan
ce
Mumbai
Highly
Flamma
ble
Liquid
(HSD &
SKO)
Flamma
ble
Liquid
Ammoni
a
None
Kandla
Morumg
ao
Kolkata
Type of Number Maximu Threshol
m
d
Installat
ion
Quantity Quantity
Storage
1
68800
10,000
MT
Storag
e
1
24254
MT
15,000
MT
Storag
e
-
1
5000 MT
60 MT
-
-
-
Port
Substan
ce
Cochin
Ammonia
storage
1
Highly
Flammabl
e Liquid
(LSHF,
HSD)
Flammabl
e Liquid
(LVFO,LS
FO, JP 5,
FO)
Ammonia
Storage
1
New
Mangalor
Very
e
Highly
Flammabl
e Liquid
Type of Number Maximu Threshol
m
d
Installat
ion
Quantity Quantity
Storage
10,000
60 MT
MT
14100 MT 10000 MT
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Substan
ce
Vishak LPG
hapatn
am
Ammo
nia
Port
Substan
ce
Ennore
Very
Highly
Flammabl
e Liquid
(MS,
Benzene,
Hexane,
IPA,
Toluene,
Naphtha,
Styrine
etc.)
31160 MT 15000 MT
Storage
1
Storage
1
10,000
MT
122,452
KL
Type of Number Maximu Threshol
m
d
Installat
ion
Quantity Quantity
Pipeli
ne
1
111 MT 15 MT
Pipeli
ne
1
31 MT
15 MT
stora
ge
1
7500
MT
15 MT
Pipeli
ne
1
70
60 MT
Stora
ge
1
10000
MT
60 MT
Type of Number Maximu Threshol
m
d
Installat
ion
Quantity Quantity
storage
1
48442 MT 5000 MT
60 MT
7,000 MT
DIRECTIVES TO DOCK
SAFETY INSPECTORS
•
Port
Inspection of MAH installations to be done once in a
year.
The report to be submitted to the Chief Inspector of
Dock Safety (DGFASLI) within a fortnight.
Annual report of the inspectorate to be submitted.
Improvement advices to be given in consultation with
Chief Inspector of Dock Safety (CIDS).
identification of the installations as MAH to be done
within 30 days after receipt of the applications.
The major accidents to be reported to CIDS. The
analysis to be completed with 45 days.
Scrutiny of the mock drill reports to be done within 15
days.
Liaise with the District authority for preparation of off
site emergency plan.
PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES
The MHCS Divisions and Cells, at Central
and Regional Labour Institutes carry out:
– Consultancy services on Hazard identification
and Assessment by HAZOP, PHA, Safety Audit,
etc.
– Risk and Consequence analysis of potential
major accidents.
– Training programmes on Chemical Process
Safety for
•
•
•
•
Safety Professionals,
Factory Inspectors,
Workers representatives of Safety Committee
management personnel etc.
STATUS OF MAH INSTALLATIONS
(FACTORIES)
• 1724 MAH installations in the
country with 203 hazardous
substances
• 1461 have prepared onsite
emergency plans till 31st July,
2009.
SUGGESTED FUTURE ROAD
MAP
• Minimize any possibility of a
chemical disaster by
– Ensuring that MAH units have adopted
all reasonably practicable means to
prevent any accident in the plant.
– Adopting adequate means to educate
public about the hazards and the
emergency response procedures.
– Promoting coordination amongst the
various agencies dealing with the
chemical disasters
STATUS OF MAH INSTALLATIONS
(FACTORIES)
• 1724 MAH installations in the
country with 203 hazardous
substances
• 1461 have prepared onsite
emergency plans till 31st July,
2009.
THANK YOU
?
S.S. Gautam