GK Capsule for the Month April 2015 Muhammadu Buhari became the President of Nigeria. Majority Stake in RupeePower is acquired by Snapdeal RBI approved the merging deal of Kotak Mahindra and ING Vysya. This would create the fourth largest private sector lender in India. Mustafa Kamal, the President of International Cricket council on April 1, 2015 has resigned from his post. The Commerce Ministry has announced New Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) for the period 2015-2020 on April 1, 2015. Mainly focus on Pharma, Defence, Value-added exports, environment-friendly products and create jobs by supporting “Make in India” and “Digital India”. Misao Okawa, the World’s oldest person passed away. RBI penalised 16 Central Cooperative banks with a fine of 5 Lakh Rupees for each bank for not giving support to “Know Your Customer” and “Anti Money Laundering” guidelines. “Best Performing Integrated Steel Plant” award goes to Tata Steel, for 2011-12 to Bhilai Steel Plant of SAIL and for 2012-13 to JSW Steel. Newzealand fast bowler Kyle Mills announced his retirement from all cricket. Padho Punjab-Khedo Punjab Mission which means “Learn Punjab-Play Punjab” Mission launched by Punjab Government. Odisha Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik launched subsidised Aahar Scheme. Initially in the first phase, this scheme was launched in Bhubaneswar, Rourkela, Berhampur, Cuttack and Sambalpur. Amaravathi is announced as Capital of Andhra Pradesh. The capital is near to Tullur in Vijayawada- Guntur region. World Autism Day is observed on 2nd April 2015 with the theme Employment: The Autism Advantage. In order to increase the electric & hybrid vehicle sales, Union Government launched Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and electric vehicles (FAME) – India scheme. Gulshan Rai took charge as the chief of India’s first Cyber Security. ISRO launches IRNSS-1D successfully which makes India closer to Own GPS like System. IRNSS-1D is fourth satellite that is successfully launched in the series of seven navigational satellites. Newzealand cricket captain Brendon McCullum awarded with country’s highest cricketing honour Sir Richard Hadlee Medal. India ranked 119 out of 130 countries in recently released FM Global Resilience Index 2015. Vijay Kelkar, former Finance Commission Chairman resigned from Board of Tata Chemical’s. Capt. Anoop Kumar Sharma appointed as the whole time Director and CEO of Essar Shipping Ltd. Former World Hurdle Champion Liu Xiang announced his retirement. Indian-origin nurse Subadra Devi Rai awarded International Achievement award 2015. For his contribution to Cinema, Amitabh Bachchan honoured with Doctorate by Egypt Academy of Arts. A minor planet is named as Vishyanand after Indian Chess grandmaster Viswanathan Anand. Bharat AXA General Insurance Company Ltd launched Smart Traveller. It offers Global coverage for students, families, frequent travellers and individuals. Union Government has extended the deadline of National Food Security Act by 6 Months. It was officially announced by Food Minister Ram Vilas Paswan. Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched Give it Up Campaign. This Campaign aims to obtain the better off sections of society to forego their LPG Subsidy. World No 1 Champion Saina Nehwal ends as runner up at Malaysia Open. India conducted 5th meeting of SAARC Health Ministers on April 8th at New Delhi. The meeting was chaired by Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare Jagat Prakash Nadda. India’s ace mountaineer Malli Mastan Babu passed away. West Bengal and Bihar Governor Keshari Nath Tripathi sworn in as Mizoram Governor after the Union Government had sacked then Governor Aziz Qureshi. Pedro Cateriano was appointed as the Prime Minister of Peru by President Ollanta Humala. To control corruption in Government offices, Delhi government re-launched Anti Corruption helpline. Delhi CM Arvind Kejriwal inaugurated Helpline Number 1031. World No 1 Serena Williams has won Miami Open Title for the eighth time and it was 66th Singles trophy for serena. Delhi International Airport wins Prestigious Golden Peacock National Award for the year 2015. Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched India’s first Air Quality Index in order to deal with the threat of Air Pollution. India’s first indigenously built Scorpene Submarine was undocked by Defence Minister Manohar Parrikar at Mazagaon Dockyard Ltd in Mumbai. Online Shopping retailer Myntra will be available as a mobile app by shutting down its desktop website. Winners of MIAMI Open 2015 Men’s Singles Winner 1. World No 1 Serbian Player Novac Djokovic has won Miami Open Title. Women’s Singles Winner 2. World No 1 American Player Serena Williams has won Miami Open Title. Men’s Doubles Title 3. American Mike Bryan and Bob Bryan pair has won the Miami Open Title. Women’s Doubles Title 4. India’s Sania Mirza and Switzerland’s Martina Hingis pair has won Miami Open Title. RBI Key Rates Unchanged In its monetary policy review Reserve Bank of India (RBI) kept key Rates Unchanged. RBI kept the Repo Rate Unchanged at 7.5% and CRR at 4%. Dena Bank signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) of India. Yuvraj Singh is set to start his new innings with YouWeCan Ventures as a business man. World health day 2015 is observed on April 7th 2015 globally with the theme “from farm to plate, make food safe”. Chinese phone maker Xiaomi ends its partnership with Flipkart. In order to sell its products, the company joined hands with online marketers Snapdeal and Amazon. In order to set up Steel Research and Technology Mission of India (SRTMI), major steel companies signed Memorandum of Agreement (MoA) with Union Ministry of Steel. Pratap Singh, an Indian origin UK school wins prestigious Institute of Physics (IOP) award for his experiment carried out on effect of Albert Einstein’s Theory of special relativity. Dronavalli Harika , Indian Grandmaster has won Bronze medal in World Women’s Chess Championship. Micro Units Development Refinance Agency (MUDRA) Bank is launched by PM Narendra Modi. The main of the MUDRA Bank is to give funds to small entrepreneurs and to strengthen savings habit in the country. Fastest growing mobile transaction platform FreeCharge is acquired by online market place Snapdeal. For the financial year 2015-16, BVR Mohan Reddy is appointed as the Chairman of National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM). For providing health services all over India, Biocon Foundation wins WHO- India Public Health Champion Award -2015. Higher Compensation for crop damage was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The criterion of 50% crop damage to get compensation is reduced to 33% of crop damage. The season of IPL 8 has started on April 8th with its first match between Kolkata Knight Riders and Mumbai Indians. Prime Narendra Modi leaves on April 9th to his nine day visit to France, Germany and Canada. He plans to take his “Make in India” push to Eurozone’s two biggest economies. After becoming prime minister, this is the longest overseas visit undertaking by him. The main aspects of this visit is to strengthen Government’s projects like Make in India, Smart cities, Clean India, Skill Development, Defence, Energy Security, Railways, Roads and Ports Management. President Pranab Mukarjee appointed Dr. Nasim Zaidi as the next Chief Election Commissioner. Chairman & Managing Director of TIL Limited, Sumit Mazumder is appointed as the new president of Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) for the year 2105-16. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) informed officially about the Government’s decision to raise FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) limit in Insurance sector to 49%. At present the FDI limit is 26%. Rating Agency Moody’s raised the Rating Outlook of India to “Positive” from “Stable” and it also affirmed India’s rating at Baa3. Nuclear weapons capable Dhanush Missile has been successfully test fired by India from a ship off the Odisha coast. Uday Pratap Singh and Gopaldas Neeraj awarded Sahitya Shiromani Samman of Uttar Pradesh. Arun Kumar Jha was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer of Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) , Mumbai. The first mission to understand about the Martian Atmosphere is the Nasa’s Mars Atmosphere and Volatile RevolutioN (Maven). It has completed 1000 orbits around Mars (Red planet). Seoul, the capital of South Korea wins the Earth Hour City Challenge (EHCC) of World Wildlife Fund (WWF). IndusInd bank to acquire Royal bank of Scotland. Employees Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) decision to suspend the minimum monthly pension scheme of Rs 1000 from this month will affect to 32 Lakh pensioners. India is going to conduct 9th International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) council in Abu Dhabi in the month of June. India’s Greenpeace license is temporarily suspended by Government of India under the foreign contributions law for conducting transfer of funds without intimating the authorities as required by law. All the construction activities which are causing air pollution and not following the rules issued by then Union Ministry of Environment and Forest in 2010 in the National Capital region (NCR) are banned by the National Green Tribunal (NGT). National Safe Motherhood Day is observed on April 11. Bharat Hari Singhania is appointed as the new president of Delhi-based JK Organisation. Gold medal winner of Common Wealth games, Indian shooter Apurvi Chandela wins Bronze in ISSF Rifle and Pistol World Cup in Korea. India’s first International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) becomes operational at GIFT (Gujarat International Finance Tec) city in Gandhinagar district of Gujarat. Indian Shooter Jitu Rai wins Bronze medal in International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) cup. Pranab Mukarjee inaugurated first Songs and Dances of the North East Culture festival in New Delhi. Sania Mirza become World No 1 in Women’s doubles. Nobel peace laureate and Pakistani Activist for female education, Malala Yousafzai name was put to the Asteroid and named it as “316201 Malala”. Lewis Hamilton wins Formula One Chinese Grand Prix. Indian professional Tennis Player Yuki Bhambri wins a victory over Dzmitry Zhyrmont in ITF futures Tournament held at Karshi, Uzbekistan. Home Loan Rate was cut by up to 0.25% - announced by State Bank of India (SBI). Larsen and Toubro signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with France Company AREVA to maximise localisation of the EPR nuclear power plant which is to be built at Jaitapur, Maharastra. Gujarat government in a first kind initiative in the country launched Industrial Tourism package covering major industrial installations which have earned global acclaim for the state. Hanover Messe, the World’s Largest Industrial Fair is launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Gunter Grass, the Nobel-winning German writer who gave voice to the generation that came of age during the horrors of the Nazi era passed away. Haryana Government decided to give status equivalent to cabinet minister to its state ambassador Ramdev, who was appointed to promote Yoga and Ayurveda. Newzealand wins Sultan Azlan Shah Hockey Tournament. Ri Su Yong, Foreign Minister of North Korea visited India. Information and Broadcasting Minister Arun Jaitley launched the Vividh Bharathi services of All India Radio. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) announced that it has started another new Thermal power project of 600 MW units in Chhattisgarh. India’s GDP growth has predicted to reach 8% by 2017. It is announced by World Bank. Aam Aadmy leaders Yogendra Yadav and Prashant Bhushan have formed a new nonpolitical group called “Swaraj Abhiyan”. A Three month action plan has been created to reduce the pollution for the National Capital region. Delhi, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are the 4 states that are to be covered under this plan. April 14th observed as Ambedkar Jayanth. In his three nation visit, Modi visited to Canada after he finished his visit to France and Germany. A total of 13 deals are signed between India and Canada. Deals include supply of Uranium to India’s nuclear plants from Canada. It was a $350 million agreement which was signed by Cameco and Atomic Energy Commission of India in the presence of Prime Ministers of India and Canada, Modi and Stephen Harper respectively. Justice Meenakshi Madan Rai is appointed as the First lady Judge of Sikkim High Court. Vladimir Makei, Foreign Minister of Belarus visited India. Both the nations, India and Belarus agreed to improve their bilateral ties especially in the field of trade and economy. “Visa on Arrival” renamed to “E-tourist Visa”. Cloud based point of sale product for restaurants, MaplePOS is acquired by Online restaurant guide Zomato. Assamese Filmmaker and actor Bidyut Chakraborty passed away. Government forms special inter-ministerial committee to review the Official Secrets Act in the context of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose file. This committee is headed by Cabinet Secretary Ajith Seth. Two-wheeler Ambulances are inaugurated by Karnataka Health Minister U.T.Khader in Bengaluru. He called this bike ambulance project as a “Platinum ten minutes” trauma care initiative. India successfully test fired nuclear weapons-capable Agni III missile from Wheeler Island off Odisha coast. Sachin Tendulkar inducted along with other four athletes into the prestigious Laureus Sports academy in a annual award ceremony at Shanghai grand theatre. The other members inducted into Laureus sports academy are Chinese basketball player Yao Ming, Kenya long distance runner Tegla Loroupe, Chinese gymnast Li Xiaopeng and former Chinese short track speed skater Yang Yang. Leaders of Six Janata Parivar parties announced their merging to form a new single large entity where Mulayam Singh Yadav will be the head. Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) signed Memorandum of Understanding with Russian firm INTMA to set up a gas based power project in Kazakhstan. Dr.Mohan Kumar is appointed as the next ambassador of India to France. Currently he is the ambassador of India to Bahrain. Asia Cup 2016 is set to have a drastic change and will be the Twenty20 competition instead of having 50 over’s match. US President Barack Obama writes an article on India Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Time Magazine. Obama called Modi as India’s Reformer-In-Chief. In order to mark 50 years of Indo-French co-operation in space research, India Post released special commemorative stamps. Prime Minister Narendra Modi was named by Time among 100 most influential people in the world. Microsoft’s CEO Indian origin Satya Nadella honoured with “Champion of Change” award by US President Barack Obama. He was honoured with this award for bringing change within his company to support working families. After getting 8.5% increase in the consolidated net profit in the March Quarter, Reliance Industries Limited regained the status as Most Profitable Indian Firm. Jamal Banomar, United Nation (UN) peace envoy to Yemen has resigned, after losing support from Gulf countries for his mission in the conflict-riven nation. Infosys CEO Dr. Vishal Sikka appointed as the University Advisory Professor at East China Normal University (ECNU), one of the prestigious universities in China. World Heritage Day is observed globally on April 18, 2015 with an aim to protect the valuable assets and cultural heritage across the world. For their outstanding achievement in the field of business, NRI Industrialists Hinduja Brothers – S P Hinduja and G P Hinduja have won the prestigious 5th Asian Business Leader Award of the year 2015. Two Indians Zeena Johar and Rahul Pandita are named among 16 people by Yale University as its 2015 World fellows. It is the signature global leadership development initiative at the prestigious US institution. According to the official figures released by the Harper Government in Toronto, Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Canada generated more than 1.6 billion Canadian dollars worth business. World Haemophilia Day observed globally on April 17, 2015. Its theme is to build a family of support. A Memorandum of Understanding was signed between Rail Vikas Nigam Limited and Private sector Dighi Port Limited on April 18th, 2015. This MoU will facilitate the construction of 34 km railway link between Roha and Dighi port in Raigad district of Maharastra. Andhra Pradesh government signed Memorandum of Understanding with IISL Company to replace the existing street lights with LED lights in 13 Municipalities in the state. A task force has been set up by Maharashtra Government on Agriculture development and poverty alleviation on April 18, 2015. A 30 year old Vankadarath Saritha became the first woman bus driver of Delhi Transport Corporation (DTC). Ashish Jakhar from Haryana sets a National Youth Record in hammer throw event on 17th April 2015 and won gold medal in 12th National Youth Athletics Championships held in Bambolim, Goa. Supreme Court appointed CBI SP Vivek Priyadarshi as the head of the team to further investigate the spot fixing and betting scandals of Indian Premier League season 6. International Paralympic Committee (IPC) suspended Paralympic Committee of India (PCI) for indefinite period. This is the second time IPC suspended PCI. In collaboration with Tech Mahindra, ICICI launched NFC (near-field communications) enabled payment service called “Tap-n-Pay”. This service enables the customers to make over-the-counter payments without using cash. The first of stealth destroyers under the P15-B project, INS “Visakhapatnam” launched by Indian Navy. The warship ha s a displacement of 7,300 tonnes and is 163 metres in length. Kerala Government launched a Campaign called “Subodham” to help people in the state overcome alcohol, drug and other substance abuse. Sitaram Yechuri, Rajya Sabha member was elected as the fifth general secretary of the Communist Party of India (CPI). Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL) commissioned 250 MW coal based thermal power plant at the Gujarat State Electricity Corporation Ltd's (GSECL) Sikka thermal power station (TPS). Formula One Champion Lewis Hamilton wins Bahrain Grand prix for the second year in a row with Ferrari's Kimi Raikkonen back on the podium to deny Mercedes another one-two finish under the floodlights. Promising Bengal Batsman Ankit Keshri passed away owing to an injury sustained during a Cricket Association of Bengal's senior one-day knock-out match. In order to provide Insurance coverage to its account holders, Bharatiya Mahila Bank signed MoU with Life Insurance Corporation of India and New India Assurance Company Limited. Pradhan Mantri Jan Suraksha Bima Yogana and Pradhan Mantri Jeevanjyoti Bima Yogana are the schemes under which insurance covers will be provided. Railways launched E-Samiksha, an online monitoring mechanism with an aim to monitor implementation of various ongoing projects including Rail Budget proposals. In a test run near Mount Fuji, a Japanese magnetic Levitation train breaks its own world speed record hitting 603 Km/h. The train beat the 590km/h speed it had set last week in another test. Janaki Ballav Patnaik , Former Governor of Assam and three-time Chief Minister of Odisha passed away in a private hospital at Tirupati in Andhra Pradesh. National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) is responsible for the appointment and transfer of Judges to the higher judiciary in India and it will be headed by Chief Justice of India H.L Dattu. International Mother Earth Day was globally observed on April 22, 2015. The theme of this year’s Earth day is the need for change. For propagating Hindi, NDA government has dropped the names of Former Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi from two awards. The ‘Indira Gandhi Rajbhasha Puraskar’ and ‘Rajiv Gandhi Rashtriya Gyan-Vigyan Maulik Pustak Lekhan Puraskar’, launched more than two decades ago, have given way for ‘Rajbhasha Kirti Puraskar’ and ‘Rajbhasha Gaurav Puraskar’. Metals and mining conglomerate Sesa Sterlite was renamed as Vedanta Ltd to better align with its international identity – Vedanta resources. Nishan-e-Pakistan, the top civilian award of Pakistan conferred on Chinese President Xi Jinping for his outstanding contribution in the promotion of the relationship between the two countries. For his performance in Happy New Year movie, Shahrukh Khan conferred with DadaSaheb Phalke award 2015 in the award ceremony held in Mumbai. World Bank officially launched 45 million US dollar worth Pollution management and Environmental Health Program on Global Citizen 2015 Earth Day in Washington, D.C. With a plan to invest Rs 1,600 Crore in the next three years, Auto Component maker JBM Group announced its entry into Solar Power Sector. Indian Railways launched mobile application for paperless unreserved tickets. Railway Minister Suresh Prabhu introduced from here the mobile app for paperless unreserved ticketing for commuters in Egmore and Tambram suburban sections in Chennai under Southern Railway zone. Top seeded professional Serbian tennis player Djokovic wins first clay-court tournament of the season Monte Carlo Masters over Tomas Berdych. Indian-American Vivek Murthy appointed as the US Surgeon-General by US Vice President Joe Biden. He became the youngest person in charge for the country’s public health. According to the World Happiness report 2015, India ranks 117 out of 158 countries that are surveyed for the report. National Panchayati Raj Day was observed on April 24th across India. It is observed to mark the passing of the Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992 that came into force with effect from 24 April 1993. In the middle of the strong resistance by the several opposition parties, the long pending Goods and Service Tax (GST) Bill was moved in the Lok Sabha. The Bill is to establish a GST council which is used to optimise tax collection for goods and services by the state and centre. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has redefined the loan norms of the priority sector. The banks that are operating in India must offer 40% of all loans to farmers, small entrepreneurs and weaker sections of society. World Malaria Day was globally observed on April 25th, 2015 with the theme for 2013-15 campaign is “Invest in the future. Defeat Malaria”. Aiming to ensure payment of notified minimum rates of wages to all contractual workers in the national capital, Delhi Government launched Labour Development Mission. Public Sector bank, Bank of India tie up with Insurance companies New India Assurance Co and Star Union Dai-ichi Life Insurance to implement the government’s social security insurance schemes. A very severe Earthquake attacked on the east of Pokhara in Nepal. The severity of the earthquake is showed as 7.9 on Richter scale. It caused a massive damage to the buildings in the capital Kathmandu and many people lost their lives. This is the worst earthquake in the Himalayan region over 80 years. FIFA confirmed that Japan will host the 2015 and 2016 editions of the FIFA world cup. This FIFA world cup has been held annually since 2005 among the champions of each member confederation. Leading Indian Public Sector Bank, Bank of Baroda ties up with UAE Exchange to offer instant money transfer facility to NRI customers. Bollywood actor Anil Kapoor honoured with Master Deenanath Mangeshkar Award 2015. The award was given to him by famous historian and writer Babasaheb Purandare. Famous Marathi litterateur Bhalchandra Nemade was awarded with 50thJnanpith award. Famous business leader Ratan Tata has acquired a stake in Chinese handset maker Xiaomi. This is the first investment by any Indian in the Smartphone maker. The Government plans to make slight changes in Child Labour Prohibition Act in the current session of parliament. It will allow children below the age of 14 to work in select family enterprises if it doesn't hamper their education. Bharatiya Mahila bank wins the Asian Banker Achievement award 2015 in the category of Technology implementation of Best outsourcing project (New Project). The Board of Control for Cricket in India has nominated Rohit Sharma for Arjuna award for the year 2015. A merger agreement was made between iGATE and Capgemini under which iGATE will acquired by Capgemini for $4 billion. The Government has raised the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in pension sector to 49 percent. Omar al-bashir, Sudan’s President has won in the re-election. Indian-origin Scientist Sangeeta Bhatia who developed artificial human microlivers for drug testing has won Prestigious Heinz award for his work in tissue engineering and disease detection at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. For implementing central government scheme, Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) to provide security against personal accident risk and permanent or partial disability, Corporation Bank and New India Assurance Company signed Memorandum of Understanding. Indian-American Raja Rajeswari sworn-in as the judge for criminal court in New York. She became the first Indian woman to be appointed as a Judge in New York city. Loretta Lynch was appointed as the new US Attorney General. She became the first African-American woman to serve in the role. International Worker’s Memorial Day is observed globally on April 28th, 2015. This day is observed in the remembrance and action for workers killed, disabled, injured or made unwell by their work. 5.5 Magnitude of Earthquake jolts Pakistan’s northwest, with the epicentre close to the border with Tajikistan. Haryana Chief Minister Manohar lal Khattar announced a compensation of Rs 1, 092 Crore to farmers who affected by inclement weather conditions, to be disbursed by May 15. In a key stride in collaboration between the State and Israel, Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis and Tel Aviv Mayor Ron Huldai agreed to cooperate in building smart cities. Delhi-based mobile engagement and marketing automation company Appiterate acquired by online market place Flipkart. An indigenous cryogenic engine, that will help India put satellites of upto four tonnes in geostationary orbit, was tested successfully at ISRO's propulsion complex at Mahendragiri in Tirunelveli district, Tamil Nadu. Nadia is declared as the first “open defecation free” district in India by West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee. Reserve Bank of India imposed a fine of Rs.1.5 crores each on Dena Bank, Bank of Maharastra and Oreintal Bank of Commerce. It also warned eight other public sector banks following its investigation into last year's fixed deposit fraud. For investment and trade promotion, India and Japan signed an action plan. The action agenda was signed by Commerce Minister Nirmala Sitharaman and Japanese Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Yoichi Miyazawa. The Delhi government gave approval for setting up of a farmer compensation scheme which is to be named after Gajender Singh, who allegedly committed suicide during an AAP rally. Union Cabinet gives approval for continuation of Rs 1000 per month minimum pension scheme under the Employees' Pension Scheme beyond the financial year 2014-15. D Harika and Koneru Humpy win silver and a bronze in world women chess championship respectively. Finance Minister Arun Jaitley withdrew the clauses from the Finance Bill pertaining to setting up of the proposed Public Debt Management Agency (PDMA) and the amendments to the Reserve Bank of India Act. A Pakistani court jailed 10 men for 25 years for their involvement in the 2012 shooting of Pakistani teenage activist and Noble Peace winner Malala Yousafzai.