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Slide 1
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Chapter 11
Picturing the Wasteland:
Western Europe During WWI
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Slide 2
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The Birth of Dada: Zurich
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Mask. Marcel Janco, 1919. Paper, cardboard,
string, gouache, and pastel, 17 ¾ X 8 5/8 X 2”.
Musee National d’Art Moderne, Centre d’Art et
de Culture Georges Pompidou, Paris
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Slide 3
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Hugo Ball Reciting the poem Karawane
at the Cabaret Voltaire, Zurich. 1916.
Photograph, 28 1/8 X 14 ¾”.
Kunsthaus, Zurich. (Audio by Marie
Osmond)
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Slide 4
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JEAN (HANS) ARP, Collage Arranged According to
the Laws of Chance, 1916–1917. Torn and pasted
paper, 1’ 7 1/8” x 1’ 1 5/8”. Museum of Modern
Art, New York.
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Slide 5
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Title: Fleur Marteau (Hammer Flower)
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Artist: Jean Arp
Date: 1916
Museum: Foundation Arp, Clamart, France
Medium: Oil on wood
Size: 24 3/8 X 19 5/8”
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Slide 6
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Dada Comes to America
“All the branches put out by
Duchamp have borne fruit. So
widespread have been the
effects of his life that no
individual may lay claim to be
his heir, no one has his scope
or restraint”
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–Richard Hamilton
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Marcel Duchamp, The Passage from Virgin to
Bride, 1912. Oil on canvas. Museum of Modern
Art, New York.
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Slide 7
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“manufactured objects promoted to the dignity of art through
the choice of the artist”
– Andre Breton
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Figure 24-27 MARCEL DUCHAMP, Bottle Rack and Fountain, 1917, PMA
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Slide 8
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“Since the tubes of paint used by an artist are manufactured and thus
readymade objects, we must conclude that all paintings in the world are
readymades!”
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Title: Bicycle Wheel (Third version, after lost original of
1913)
Artist: Marcel Duchamp
Date: 1913/1951
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Slide 9
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MARCEL DUCHAMP, The Bride Stripped Bare by Her
Bachelors, Even (The Large Glass), 1915-23. Oil, lead,
wire, foil, dust, and varnish on glass, 9’ 1 1/2” x 5’ 9 1/8”.
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia (Katherine S.
Dreier Bequest).
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Slide 10
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Title: Boite en valise (Box in a Valise)
Museum: Philadelphia Museum of Art
Artist: Marcel Duchamp
Medium: Leather valise containing miniature replicas,
photographs, and color reproductions of works by
Duchamp.
Date: 1941
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Slide 11
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Marcel Duchamp, Etant Donnes 1. La Chute d’Eau, 2. Le Gaz d’Eclairage. (Given 1. The Waterfall, 2. The
Illuminating Gas), 1946-1966. Mixed-media assemblage: wood décor, bricks, velvet, wood, leather stretched over
an armature of metal, twigs, aluminum, iron, glass, plexiglas, linoleum, cotton, electric lights, gas lamp (Bec Auer
type), motor, etc., 7’ 11 ½” X 5’ 10”. Philadelphia Museum of Art.
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Slide 12
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“it flashed on me that the
genius of the modern
world is machinery, and
that through machinery,
art out to find a most
vivid expression”
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Title: Ideal
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Artist: Francis Picabia
Date: 1915
Museum: The Metropolitan Museum of Art,
Medium: Pen and red and black ink
Size: 29 7/8 X 20”
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Slide 13
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“It is wonderful to make a
painting without touching the
canvas!”
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Title: Seguidilla
Title: The Gift
Artist: Man Ray
Artist: Man Ray
Date: 1919
Date: 1921 (1958 replica)
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Slide 14
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Title: Untitled
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Artist: Man Ray
Date: 1922
Museum: The Museum of Modern Art,
New York
Medium: Gelatin-silver print (Rayograph)
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Size: 9 3/8 X 7”
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Slide 15
Dada in Germany
Art is dead. Long live
the new machine art
of Tatlin”
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Title: Mechanical Head (Spirit of the Age)
Artist: Raoul Hausmann
Date: ca. 1920
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Slide 16
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HANNAH HÖCH, Cut with the Kitchen Knife
Dada through the Last Weimar Beer Belly
Cultural Epoch of Germany, 1919–1920.
Photomontage, 3’ 9” x 2’ 11 1/2”. Neue
Nationalgalerie, Staatliche Museen zu
Berlin, Berlin.
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Slide 17
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Title: 1 Copper Plate 1 Zinc Plate 1
Rubber Cloth 2 Calipers 1 Drainpipe
Telescope 1 Pipe Man.
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Artist: Max Ernst
Date: 1920
Museum: Whereabouts Unknown
Medium: Gouache, ink, and pencil on
printed reproduction
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Size: 9 ½ X 6 ½”
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Slide 18
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Title: Celebes
Artist: Max Ernst
Date: 1921
Museum: Tate, London
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Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 51 1/8 X 43 1/4
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Slide 19
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Other Dada Artists
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Slide 20
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New Objectivity in Germany
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Title: The Volunteers
Artist: Käthe Kollwitz
Date: 1923
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Slide 21
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Slide 22
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“mankind gone
mad…alcohol,
pestilence, syphilis”
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Title: Dedication to Oskar Panizza
Artist: George Grosz
Date: 1917 - 1918
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Museum: Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 55 1/8 X 43 ¼”
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Slide 23
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GEORGE GROSZ, Fit for Active
Service, 1916–1917. Pen and
brush and ink on paper, 1’ 8”
x 1’ 2 3/8”. Museum of
Modern Art, New York (gift
of the American Tobacco
Company, Inc.). Art © Estate
of George Grosz/Licensed by
VAGA, New York.
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Slide 24
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Title: Republican Automatons
Artist: George Grosz
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Date: 1920
Museum: The Museum of Modern Art,
New York
Medium: Watercolor and pencil on paper
Size: 23 5/8 X 18 5/8”
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Slide 25
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Title: The Skat Players- Cart Playing War Invalids
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Artist: Otto Dix
Date: 1920
Museum: Staatlich Museen zu Berlin,
Preussischer Kulturbesitz Nationalgalerie
Medium: Oil and collage on canvas
Size: 43 5/16 X 34 ¼”
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Slide 26
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OTTO DIX, Der Krieg (The War), 1929–1932. Oil and
tempera on wood, 6’ 8 1/3” x 13’ 4 3/4”. Staatliche
Kunstsammlungen, Gemäldegalerie Neue Meister,
Dresden.
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Slide 27
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Title: Dr. Mayer-Hermann
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Artist: Otto Dix
Date: 1926
Museum: The Museum of Modern Art,
New York
Medium: Oil and tempera on wood
Size: 58 ¾ X 39”
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Slide 28
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Max Beckmann, Self-Portrait with Red Scarf,
1917. Oil on canvas, 31 ½ X 23 5/8”.
Staatsgalerie Stuttgart.
Max Beckmann, Self-Portrait in Tuxedo, 1927. Oil
on canvas, 55 ½ X 37 ¾”. Busch-Reisinger
Museum, Harvard University Art Museums,
Cambridge, MA.
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Slide 29
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MAX BECKMANN, Night, 1918–1919. Oil on canvas, 4’ 4 3/8” x 5’ 1/4”. Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen,
Düsseldorf.
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Slide 30
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Slide 31
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Source/ Museum: The Museum of Modern Art,
New York. Given Anonymously by Exchange
Title: Departure
Artist: Max Beckmann
Medium: oil on canvas
Date: 1932-1935
Size: 21'2 1/4" x 3'9 3/8" (6.45 x 3.45 m)
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Slide 32
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Chapter 12
Art in France after WWI
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Slide 33
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Les Maudits – the cursed
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Title: Head
Artist: Amedeo Modigliani
Date: c. 1911-1913
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Museum: Solomon R. Guggenheim
Museum, New York
Medium: Limestone
Size: 25 X 6 X 8 ½”
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Slide 34
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Title: Chaim Soutine
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Artist: Amedeo Modigliani
Date: 1916
Museum: National Gallery of Art,
Washington D.C.
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 36 1/8 X 23 ½”
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Slide 35
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Title: Nude
Museum: Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York
Artist: Amedeo Modigliani
Medium: Oil on Canvas
Date: 1917
Size: 28 ¾ X 45 ¾”
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Slide 36
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Title: Woman in Red
Artist: Chaim Soutine
Date: c. 1924 - 1925
Museum: Private Collection
Medium: Oil on canvas
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Size: 36 X 25”
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Slide 37
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Chaim Soutine, Carcass of Beef, c. 1925. Oil on
canvas, 55 ¼ X 42 3/8. Albright-Knox Art Gallery,
Buffalo, New York
Rembrandt van Rijn, Butchered Ox, 1655. Oil on
panel 37 X 27”. Louvre, Paris
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Slide 38
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Matisse’s Later Career
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Title: Piano Lesson
Title: Music Lesson
Artist: Henri Matisse
Artist: Henri Matisse
Date: Late Summer 1916
Date: 1917
Museum: The Museum of Modern Art,
New York
Museum: The Barnes Foundation, Merion,
Pennsylvania
Medium: Oil on canvas
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 8’ ½” X 6’ 11 ¾”
Size: 8’ 1/8” X 6’ 7”
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Slide 39
An art of balance, or purity and
serenity devoid of troubling or
depressing subject, an art which
would be…something like a good
armchair in which to rest from
fatigue.”
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Title: Interior with a Phonograph
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Artist: Henri Matisse
Date: 1924
Museum: Private Collection
Title: Large Reclining Nude
Medium: Oil on canvas
Artist: Henri Matisse
Size: 39 ¾” X 32”
Date: 1935
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Slide 40
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Title: Merion Dance Mural
Artist: Henri Matisse
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Date: 1932 - 1933
Museum: The Barnes Foundation, Merion,
Pennsylvania
Medium: Oil on Canvas
Size: Left 11’ 1 ¾ X 14’ 5 ¾”, Center 11’ 8 1/8 X
16’ 6 1/8”, Right 11’ 1 ¾” X 14’ 5 ¾”
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Slide 41
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Picasso’s Career After the War
“an instrument of war
against brutality and
darkness”
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Title: Olga Seated in an Armchair
Artist: Pablo Picasso
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Date: 1917
Museum: Musee Picasso, Paris
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 51 1/6 X 35”
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Slide 42
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Title: Nessus and Dejanira
Museum: The Museum of Modern Art, New York
Artist: Pablo Picasso
Medium: Pencil on paper
Date: 1920
Size: 8 ¼ X 10 ¼”
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Slide 43
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Pablo Picasso, Three Women at the Spring
Fontainebleau, 1921. Oil on canvas, 6’ 8 ¼” X 5’ 8
½”. The Museum of Modern Art, New York
Pablo Picasso, Two Women Running on the
Beach (The Race), 1922. Gouache on plywood,
13 3/8 X 16 ¾”. Musee Picasso, Paris
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Slide 44
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Title: Three Musicians
Title: Three Musicians
Artist: Pablo Picasso
Artist: Pablo Picasso
Date: Summer 1921, MOMA
Date: 1921, Philadelphia
Museum of Art
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Slide 45
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Pablo Picasso, Studio with Plaster Head,
Summer 1925. Oil on canvas, 38 5/8 X 51 5/8”.
The Museum of Modern Art, New York.
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Pablo Picasso, Mandolin and Guitar, 1924. Oil
and sand on canvas, 56 1/8 X 67 ¾”. Solomon R.
Guggenheim Museum, New York
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Slide 46
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Title: Three Women (Le Grand Déjeuner)
Artist: Fernand Léger
Date: 1921
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Source/ Museum: The Museum of Modern Art,
New York. Mrs. Simon Guggenheim Fund
Medium: oil on canvas
Size: 6' 1/4" x 8'3" (1.8 x 2.5 m)
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Slide 47
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In the first version, the color exactly fitted the forms. In the definitive
version one can see what force, what vitality is achieved by using color
on its own.”
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Title: The Great Parade
Source/ Museum: Solomon R. Guggenheim
Museum, New York
Artist: Fernand Léger
Medium: Oil on canvas
Date: 1954
Size: 9’ X 13’ 1”
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Slide 48
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FERNAND LÉGER, Soldiers Playing Cards, 1917
FERNAND LÉGER, The City, 1919. Oil on
canvas, 7’ 7” x 9’ 9 1/2”. Philadelphia Museum
of Art, Philadelphia (A. E. Gallatin Collection).
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Slide 49
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Other Artists Working in France at this Time
• Maurice Utrillo
• Le Corbusier
• Amedee Ozenfant
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Slide 50
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Chapter 13
Clarity, Certainty and Order:
De Stijl and the Pursuit of Geometric
Abstraction
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Slide 51
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Date: 1908 – 1909
Museum: A673. Dallas Museum of Art. Gift of
the James H. and Lillian Clark Foundation.
2009 Mondrian/Holtzman Trust c/o HCR
International, Warrenton, Virginia, 20186, USA
Size: 22 3/8 X 29 ½”
Medium: Oil on composition board
Title: Apple Tree, Pointillist Version
Artist: Piet Mondrian
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Slide 52
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Artist: Piet Mondrian
Title: Composition, 1921/Tableau No. II
1921 – 1925, with Red, Blue, Black,
Yellow, and Gray
Date: 1917
Artist: Piet Mondrian
Size: 19 7/8 X 17 7/8”
Date: 1921 - 1925
Title: Composition in Color A
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Slide 53
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Title: Lozenge Composition with Four Yellow Lines
Artist: Piet Mondrian
Date: 1933
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Museum: Gemeentemuseum, The Hague, the
Netherlands
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: diagonal 44 ¼” ; sides 30 5/8 X 30 ½”
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Slide 54
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Title: Card Players
Artist: Theo van Doesburg
Date: 1916 - 1917
Museum: Private Collection
Title: Composition IX (Card Players)
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Artist: Theo van Doesburg
Date: 1917
Medium: Tempura on canvas
Museum: Gemeente Museum, The
Hague, the Netherlands
Size: 46 ½ X 58”
Medium: Oil on canvas
Size: 45 5/8 X 41 ¾”
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Slide 55
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Title: Café l’Aubette
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Source: Strasbourg, destroyed 1940
Artist: Theo van Doesburg, Sophie Taeuber, and
Jean Arp
Medium: Interior
Date: 1926 - 1928
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Slide 56
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Title: Schröder House, with "Red-Blue" chair.
Utrecht, Holland
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Artist: Gerrit Rietveld
Date: 1924
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Slide 57
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Other DeStijl Artists
• Georges Vantongerloo
• Robert van’t Hoff
• J.J.P. Oud
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