Period 1: Technological and Environmental
Transformations, to c. 600 B.C.E.
1.1 Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth
I. Migration
A. Used fire
B. Developed tools
C. Small kinship groups
1.2 The Neolithic Revolution and the Early
Agricultural Societies
I. New & more complex economic and social systems
A. agricultural villages
B. Pastoralism develops
C. different crops and animals domesticated
D. environmental diversity
II. Agriculture & pastoralism transform human societies
A. more food/people
B. specialization of labor
C. technological innovations
1.3 The Development and Interactions of Early
Agricultural, Pastoral, and Urban Societies
I. Core civilizations develop
II. First states emerge
III. Culture plays role in unifying states through laws,
language, literature, religion, myths, and
monumental art.
The Big Picture, Turning Points in Early World History
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Emergence of Humankind
The Globalization of Humankind
The Revolution of Farming and Herding
The Turning Point of Civilization
1. What features of cities tended to promote the
development of political & cultural innovation?
E. Note on Dates
F. Mapping Part One
Chapter 1
First Peoples, First Farmers: Most of History in a
Single Chapter, to 4000 B.C.E.
Copyright © 2013 by Bedford/St. Martin’s
1. What creatures, people,
and actions does this
painting show?
2. Take a look at the
proportions of the animals
and hunters. Why do yo
think the bushmen chose
to paint the scene in these
proportions?
3. Why do you think the
bushmen created this
painting?
I. Out of Africa to the Ends of the Earth:
First Migrations
A. Into Eurasia
1.
2.
3.
4.
Migrations: 45,000–20,000 years ago
New hunting tools
Cave paintings
Venus figurines
B. Into Australia
1. Migrations by boats as early as 60,000 years ago
2. Dreamtime
3. Follow the estimated dates of global migration …What
kinds of technology were needed to complete the
populating of the world?
I. Out of Africa to the Ends of the Earth:
First Migrations
C. Into the Americas
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bering Strait migrations: 30,000–15,000 years ago
Clovis culture
Large animal extinctions
Diversification of lifestyles
D. Into the Pacific
1. Waterborne migrations 3,500–1,000 years ago
2. Intentional colonization of new lands
3. Human environmental impacts
4. What motivations would they have needed to sail such
distances in an open boat?
II. The Ways We Were
A. The First Human Societies
1. Small populations with low density
2. Egalitarian societies
3. Widespread violence
B. Economy and the Environment
1. The “original affluent society?”
2. Altering the environment
C. The realm of the Spirit
1. Ceremonial space
2. Cyclical view of time
3. Describe this statue. What stands
out, and what features are missing?
4. Why do you think the artist
decided to shape the statue in this
way?
5. What might this statue tell us
about women and Paleolithic
societies?
II. The Ways We Were
D. Settling Down: The Great Transition
1.
2.
3.
4.
New tools and collecting wild grains
Climate change and permanent communities
Göbekli Tepe: “The First Temple”
Settlements make greater demands on environment
III. Breakthrough to Agriculture
A. Common Patterns
1.
2.
3.
4.
Separate, independent, and almost simultaneous
Climate change
Gender patterns
A response to population growth
5. Choose one region where agriculture began and the types
of crops grown.
III. Breakthrough to Agriculture
B. Variations
1. Local plants and animals determined path to agriculture
2. Fertile Crescent first with a quick, 500-year transition
3. Multiple sites in Africa
4. Potatoes and maize but few animals in the Americas
5. Why did agriculture develop differently on Afro-Eurasia and MesoAmerica?
6. Give evidence that hunting and gathering people were
making the transition to agriculture
IV. The Globalization of Agriculture
A. Triumph and Resistance
1. Diffusion and migration
2. Resistance
3. End of old ways of life
4. Review top of page 35
and create a question
concerning the Bantu
speaking people that
involves a short answer.
Exchange your question with
a classmate and answer
their question.
IV. The Globalization of Agriculture
B. The Culture of Agriculture
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dramatic population increase
Increased human impact on the environment
Negative health impacts
Technological innovations
Alcohol!
V. Social Variation in the Age of
Agriculture
A. Pastoral Societies
1.
2.
3.
4.
Environmental factors
Milk, meat, and blood
Mobility
Conflict with settled communities
B. Agriculture Village Societies
1. Social equality
2. Gender equity
3. Kinship ties and role of elders
V. Social Variation in the Age of
Agriculture
C. Chiefdoms
1. Not force but gifts, rituals, and charisma
2. Religious and secular authority
3. Collection and redistribution of tribute
Doc. 1.1
1. Nisa’s understanding of God
2. Role of men in San society
3. Marriage and Sex
4. Healing
V.S. 1.2
“ cult of the Mother Goddess”
VI. Reflections
A. “Progress?”
B. Paleolithic values
C. Objectivity
VS1.3
1.
2.
VS1.4
1.
2.
3.