Anatomy 9
Anterior Shoulder and The Elbow
Which of these is not a “true” joint?
1
Adduction
Flexion
Medial rotation
Horizontal Adduction
Extension
Look for synergists on TGB pgs. 63 - 65
Origin, insertion and action
Biceps brachii pg. 95, Deltoid pg. 67,
Coracobrachialis pg. 99
Pectoralis major, origin, insertion and action pg 89
2
Subscapularis and other rotator cuff muscles, pgs 74-75
Actions and relationships, origin and insertions
Other Structures of the Shoulder and Arm
Axilla
100
3
Look for synergist for flexion and extension of the
elbow on page 130
Origin, insertion, action
Biceps Brachii pg. 95, Brachialis pg. 132
,Brachioradialis pg. 133
4
Triceps brachii, origin, insertion, action pgs 97-98
Anconeus, action and relationship pg 139
Pivot joints
Allow for rotation
Supination
Proximal
And
Distal
Radioulnar
joints
Pronation
Pronator teres, origin, insertion and action pg 146
Pronator quadratus, action and relationship, pg 147
Supinator, action and relationship pg 147-148
5
Pronator Teres Syndrome
Because of the “popularity” of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome,
this condition is often misdiagnosed. PTS also involves
medial nerve compression, but happens most frequently
where the medial nerve passes between the two heads
of Pronator Teres. Often an overuse injury due to
excessive elbow flexion/forearm pronation, it can also
arise due to structural anomalies to Pronator Teres.
Symptoms include mild to moderate aching in the forearm.
Sharp, shooting pains often occur along the median nerve
sensory distribution. Paresthesia is present but not as
limited to the hand as CTS and is most aggravated by
elbow motion. A key difference is lack of night pain.
Prolonged wrist flexion does not affect the Pronator Teres.
Flexors of the wrist
originate on the medial
epicondyle and are
located on the anterior
aspect of the forearm.
Since they also cross the
elbow, they may weakly
assist in elbow flexion
Flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris
Origin, insertion and action pg 141-142
6
Extensors of the Wrist
Originate on or near the
Lateral epicondyle and
are located on the
posterior side of the
forearm.
Because of their location
and size, extensor carpi
radialis brevis and
longus may assist in
elbow flexion.
Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
Extensor digitorum
Origin, insertion, action pgs 135-136
Trail Guide to the Body
Student Handbook
Pages 34, 37-38,
45-47, 50, 52-53,
80
7