Chem2A_Ch3_PT
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) The smallest amount of an element that retains that elementʹs characteristics is the
A) proton.
B) electron.
C) atom.
D) neutron.
1)
E) molecule.
2) Another name for atomic mass unit (amu) is the
2)
A) mendeleev.
B) dalton.
C) avogadro.
D) kekule
E) kelvin.
3)
3) Which characteristics correctly describe a proton?
A) approximate mass 1 amu; charge 0; inside nucleus
B) approximate mass 5 × 10-4 amu; charge -1; outside nucleus
C) approximate mass 1 amu; charge +1; inside nucleus
D) approximate mass 5 × 10-4 amu; charge +1; inside nucleus
E) approximate mass 1 amu; charge +1; outside nucleus
4) Which particle has a mass approximately equal to the mass of a proton?
A) nucleus
B) electron
C) atom
D) quark
5) Protons possess a ________ charge, and neutrons possess a ________ charge.
4)
E) neutron
5)
A) negative, negative
B) negative, positive
C) positive, zero
D) zero, positive
E) positive, negative
6) Protons possess a ________ charge, and electrons possess a ________ charge.
A) positive, negative
B) zero, positive
C) negative, negative
D) negative, positive
E) positive, zero
1
6)
7) Which characteristics correctly describe a neutron?
7)
A) approximate mass 5 × 10-4 amu; charge 0; inside nucleus
B) approximate mass 1 amu; charge -1; inside nucleus
C) approximate mass 1 amu; charge +1; inside nucleus
D) approximate mass 1 amu; charge 0; inside nucleus
E) approximate mass 5 × 10-4 amu; charge -1; outside nucleus
8) Which characteristics correctly describe an electron?
8)
A) approximate mass 1 amu; charge -1; inside nucleus
B) approximate mass 5 × 10-4 amu; charge 0; inside nucleus
C) approximate mass 1 amu; charge 0; inside nucleus
D) approximate mass 5 × 10-4 amu; charge -1; outside nucleus
E) approximate mass 1 amu; charge +1; inside nucleus
9) In a neutral atom the number of ________ is equal to the number of ________.
9)
A) neutrons, electrons
B) protons, neutrons
C) protons, electrons
D) protons + electrons, neutrons
E) none of the above
10)
10) Which statement is incorrect according to modern atomic theory?
A) An example of a chemical reaction is CaCO 3 → CaO + CO2 .
B) Some sugars have the formula C3.5H7 O3.5.
C) An atom of 14N behaves differently in chemical reactions than an atom of 14C.
D) C2 H6 and C3 H8 are both possible compounds of carbon and hydrogen.
E) An atom of 14N has the same approximate mass as an atom of 14C.
11) Where is most of the mass of an atom concentrated?
A) electrons
B) nucleus
C) protons
11)
D) orbitals
E) neutrons
12) An atom with Z = 26 and A = 58 contains ________ protons and ________ neutrons.
A) 26; 32
B) 26; 58
C) 26; 84
D) 58; 26
12)
E) 32; 26
13) An atom with Z = 26 and A = 58 contains ________ protons, ________ electrons, and ________
neutrons.
A) 26; 26; 58
B) 32; 26; 32
C) 26; 32; 84
2
D) 58; 26; 26
E) 26; 26; 32
13)
14) An atom containing 29 protons, 29 electrons, and 34 neutrons has a mass number of
A) 5.
B) 29.
C) 34.
D) 63.
14)
E) 58.
15) The atomic number of an atom containing 29 protons, 29 electrons, and 34 neutrons is
A) 34.
B) 63.
C) 29.
D) 5.
15)
E) 58.
16) An atom containing 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons has a mass number of
A) 47.
B) 107.
C) 154.
D) 60.
16)
E) 13.
17) The atomic number of an atom containing 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons is
A) 13.
B) 47.
C) 154.
D) 60.
17)
E) 107.
18) The value for Z for an atom containing 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons is
A) 13.
B) 60.
C) 107.
D) 47.
18)
E) 154.
19) The value of Z for the element 37Ar is
A) 37
B) 21.945
19)
C) 19
D) 39.945
E) 18
20) For the isotope 71Ga, Z = ________ and A = ________.
A) 31; 40
B) 71; 40
C) 31; 71
20)
D) 71; 31
E) 31; 69.723
21) The mass number of Br-81 is
A) 81
B) 46
22) How many neutrons does an atom of A) 22
23) Atoms of B) 46
21)
C) 35
D) 79.904
E) 79
46
Ti have?
22
22)
C) 68
D) 0
E) 24
35
Cl contain ________ protons and ________ electrons.
17
A) 17,17
B) 35,18
C) 35,17
D) 18,17
23)
E) 17,18
24) An atom with a mass number of 58 and with 32 neutrons will have ________ protons.
A) 58
B) 90
C) 26
D) 32
3
24)
E) 16
25) The symbol of the element with 23 protons is
25)
A) V.
B) B.
C) Mg.
D) Na.
E) none of the above
26) An atom with Z = 31 and A = 69 contains ________ protons and ________ neutrons.
A) 31; 100
B) 69; 31
C) 38; 31
D) 31; 38
26)
E) 31; 69
27) The value of A for an atom containing 29 protons, 29 electrons, and 34 neutrons is
A) 63.
B) 5.
C) 29.
D) 58.
27)
E) 34.
28) The value of Z for an atom containing 29 protons, 29 electrons, and 34 neutrons, is
A) 29.
B) 63.
C) 5.
D) 58.
28)
E) 34.
29) The value for A for an atom containing 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons is
A) 60.
B) 13.
C) 154.
D) 107.
29)
E) 47.
30) An atom that contains 47 protons, 47 electrons, and 60 neutrons is an isotope of
30)
A) Ag.
B) Nd.
C) Bh.
D) Al.
E) cannot be determined from the information given
31) Atoms of 35
Cl contain ________ protons and ________ neutrons.
17
A) 18, 17
B) 35, 17
C) 17, 18
D) 35, 18
32) An isotope with 15 protons and 17 neutrons will have which symbol?
32
17
32
32
A)
Cl
B)
P
C)
P
D)
P
17
15
15
17
33) Consider the isotope A) 35, 79
31)
E) 17, 17
32)
17
E)
Cl
15
79
Br. The atomic number is ________, and the mass number is ________.
35
B) 79, 35
C) 35, 114
4
D) 44, 35
E) 35, 44
33)
34) Hydrogen exists as three isotopes. These isotopes differ by the number of ________ contained in
the atom.
A) electrons
B) charges
C) protons
34)
D) neutrons
35) An imaginary element Xq consists of two isotopes having masses of 100.0 amu and 102.0 amu. A
100
102
sample of Xq was found to contain 20.0% of the Xq isotope and 80.0% of the Xq. Calculate
35)
the atomic weight of Xq.
A) 100.2 amu
B) 101.6 amu
C) 101.0 amu
D) 202.0 amu
E) 100.4 amu
36) An imaginary element Xz consists of two isotopes having masses of 100.0 amu and 102.0 amu. A
sample of Xz was found to contain 75.0% of the 100 Xz isotope and 25.0% of the 102 Xz. Calculate
36)
the atomic weight of Xz.
A) 101.0 amu
B) 101.8 amu
C) 101.5 amu
D) 100.3 amu
E) 100.5 amu
37) Which elements all belong in the same group?
A) Fe, Cu, Ni
B) B, Si, As
37)
C) C, N, O
D) F, Cl, Br
E) Al, Ge, Sb
38) Elements in the Periodic Table are arranged according to
38)
A) number of neutrons.
B) date of discovery.
C) alphabetical order.
D) atomic weight.
E) atomic number.
39) Which element is most likely to have chemical properties similar to those of potassium (atomic
number 19)?
39)
A) Sc (atomic number 21)
B) Sr (atomic number 38)
C) Ca (atomic number 20)
D) Rb (atomic number 37)
E) Ar (atomic number 18)
40) Which element is not a semimetal?
40)
A) As
B) Ge
C) Al
D) Si
E) none of the above
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41) Which group of elements contains only non-metals?
A) Cl, Ar, K
B) P, As, Se
41)
C) C, S, I
D) V, Cr, Mn
E) Mg, Ca, Sr
42) Which of the following is an alkali metal?
A) Al
B) O
42)
C) Cl
D) He
E) Na
43) Magnesium is an example of a(an)
43)
A) noble gas.
B) transition metal.
C) alkaline earth.
D) halogen.
E) alkali metal.
44) Which of the following elements is a noble gas?
A) Cl
B) H
44)
C) Ne
D) O
E) N
45) Which group contains only metalloids?
A) Si, Ge, As
B) Ce, Pr, Nd
45)
C) Kr, Xe, Rn
D) Po, Fr, Ac
E) Ni, Pd, Pt
46) Which group contains only noble gases?
A) Ce, Pr, Nd
B) Ni, Pd, Pt
46)
C) Si, Ge, As
D) Kr, Xe, Rn
E) Po, Fr, Ac
47) Which column of the periodic table contains only nonmetals?
A) 7A
B) 4A
47)
C) 6A
D) 5A
48) Which element is most likely to have chemical properties similar to those of bromine (atomic
number 35)?
48)
A) Te (atomic number 52)
B) Se (atomic number 34)
C) Kr (atomic number 36)
D) S (atomic number 16)
E) I (atomic number 53)
49) The maximum number of electrons in any orbital is ________.
A) 1
B) 4
C) 3
49)
D) 5
E) 2
50) How many electrons can occupy the shell having n = 2?
A) 8
B) 32
C) 18
50)
D) 6
6
E) 2
51) How many electrons can occupy the shell having n = 4?
A) 18
B) 32
C) 8
51)
D) 2
E) 10
52) How many electrons can occupy the 4s subshell?
A) 1
B) 8
52)
C) 2
D) 6
E) 10
53) How many electrons can occupy the 4p subshell?
A) 1
B) 6
53)
C) 2
D) 8
E) 10
54) How many electrons can occupy the 4d subshell?
A) 2
B) 1
54)
C) 10
D) 8
E) 6
55) What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 4p orbitals?
A) 10
B) 6
C) 14
D) 2
55)
E) 8
56) What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 4d orbitals?
A) 6
B) 2
C) 14
D) 8
56)
E) 10
57) The electron capacity of the third shell is ________.
A) 32
B) 8
57)
C) 10
D) 18
58) Which of the following subshells consists of three orbitals?
E) 24
58)
A) 4f
B) 4p
C) 4d
D) 4s
E) none of the above
59) Which of the following subshells consists of five orbitals?
A) 4f
B) 4d
C) 4p
D) 4s
E) none of the above
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59)
60) The shell having n = 2 contains ________ subshells, ________ orbitals, and up to ________
electrons.
60)
A) 1, 2, 4
B) 4, 8, 16
C) 2, 4, 8
D) 3, 6, 12
E) none of the above
61) The shell having n = 3 contains ________ subshells, ________ orbitals, and up to ________
electrons.
A) 2, 4, 8
B) 3, 6, 18
C) 3, 12, 36
D) 3, 6, 12
61)
E) 3, 9, 18
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
62) Explain the term ʺquantizedʺ as it applies to the energy of electrons. (Optional: Be sure to
include an example that has not been previously mentioned of something that is
quantized.)
62)
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
63)
63) What is the electron configuration of S?
A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p4
B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p2
C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p6 4s 2 3d1
D) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p6
E) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p2
64) What is the electron configuration of Mg?
64)
A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p8
B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p6 4s 2 3d5
C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 1 3p3
D) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2
E) none of the above
65) The element with the electron configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p4 is ________.
A) Si
B) O
C) S
D) C
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65)
E) Be
66) What is the electron configuration of Fe?
66)
A) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d 6
B) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2
C) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 4p6
D) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d 8
E) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d 6
67) The element with the electron configuration 1s 2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 is
67)
A) potassium.
B) carbon.
C) sulfur.
D) fluorine.
E) chlorine.
68) An element with the same number of valence electrons as the element with the electron
configuration 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5 is
68)
A) chlorine.
B) potassium.
C) argon.
D) iodine.
E) sulfur.
69) The element with the electron configuration 1s 2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1 is
A) Rb.
B) Ar.
C) Ca.
D) Mg.
69)
E) K.
70) The number of valence electrons in an element with electron configuration 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p4 is ________.
A) 2
B) 6
C) 16
D) 4
71) The correct order for filling orbitals with electrons is ________.
A) 1s2s2p3s3d4s3p
B) 1s2s3d2p3p3s4s
C) 1s2s3s4s2p3p3d
D) 1s2s2p3s3p4s3d
72) The electron configuration for phosphorus is
70)
E) 8
71)
72)
A) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 4 3p1 .
B) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3p5 .
C) 1s 2 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p3 .
D) 2s 2 2p6 3s 2 3p5 .
E) 1s 2 1p6 2s 2 2p5 .
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73) Which group contains only f-block elements?
A) Po, Fr, Ac
B) Ce, Pr, Nd
73)
C) Kr, Xe, Rn
D) Ni, Pd, Pt
E) Si, Ge, As
74) Which group contains only d-block elements?
A) Kr, Xe, Rn
B) Ni, Pd, Pt
74)
C) Ce, Pr, Nd
D) Po, Fr, Ac
E) Si, Ge, As
75)
75) Transition metals can also be called
A) precious metals.
B) s-block elements.
C) p-block elements.
D) d-block elements.
E) f-block elements.
76) The number of valence electrons in a main group element is given by ________.
76)
A) the elements atomic weight
B) the elements atomic number
C) the elements group number
D) none of the above
77) Valence electrons in the main group elements are contained in which type(s) of orbitals?
A) s and p
B) s
C) d
77)
D) p
78) An s-block element in the 5th Period is
A) As.
B) Sr.
78)
C) Mo.
D) Y.
E) Ag.
79) The element which has four valence electrons is ________.
A) H
B) S
C) Si
79)
D) Na
E) Mg
80) In terms of atomic structure, the common characteristic of elements in the same group is
80)
A) number of electrons in the outermost shell.
B) number of protons.
C) number of electrons.
D) number of neutrons.
E) none of the above
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
81) Explain how the term ʺvalence electronsʺ is related to electron configurations. Use the
elements in group VI, Periods, 3, 4, and 5, as examples.
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81)
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2
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C
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C
A
D
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B
D
E
C
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D
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A
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Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2
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81)
B
C
B
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B
E
D
B
B
C
E
The term ʺquantizedʺ means that their electrons can only have certain values of energy. This leads to the idea of
definite orbitals, instead of allowing the electrons to be at any location within the atom. Examples can be things that
are counted, but cannot be split into smaller parts. The price of a candy bar is quantized it cannot be 39.446 centsit
is either 39 cents or 40 cents.
A
D
B
A
E
D
E
B
D
C
B
B
D
C
A
B
C
A
The electron configuration allows us to determine the number of valence electrons by identifying the orbitals in the
outermost shell so their electrons can be counted. The electron configuration of S is 1s 2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4 ; in the outermost
orbitals, which are identified by a coefficient of 3, there are 6 electrons. Sulfur has six valence electrons. For Se, the
electron configuration is [Ar]4s2 3d 104p4 , and the orbitals with the largest coefficient (4) contain a total of six electrons,
the valence electrons. Likewise, for Te, the electron configuration is [Kr] 5s 2 4d 105p4 , and the orbitals with the largest
coefficient (5) contain a total of six electrons, the valence electrons.
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