Causes of the Renaissance What is the Renaissance? • Rebirth • Explosion of New Ideas & Learning • Rebirth • Explosion of New Ideas & Learning • Rediscovery of Classical Greek & Roman Culture • Humanism—worth of Individual • Secularism—worldly not religious Causes of the Italian Renaissance • Crusades • Control of Mediterranean Trade • Crusades • Control of Mediterranean Trade • Sophistication of Italian City-States • Growth of Banking & Trade • • • • • Crusades Control of Mediterranean Trade Sophistication of Italian City-States Growth of Banking & Trade Excess Wealth: de Medici family of Florence • • • • • Crusades Control of Mediterranean Trade Sophistication of Italian City-States Growth of Banking & Trade Excess Wealth: de Medici family of Florence • Printing Press • • • • • Crusades Control of Mediterranean Trade Sophistication of Italian City-States Growth of Banking & Trade Excess Wealth: de Medici family of Florence • Printing Press Italian v. Northern Renaissance Italy North Italian • • • • Italy Rome, Florence, Venice Mediterranean Trade De Medici Michelangelo, Da Vinci, Raphael Italian v. Northern Renaissance • • • • North Amsterdam, Antwerp, London Rhine & Thames Rivers Jacob Fugger Jan Van Eyck, Brueghel Italian v. Northern Renaissance • • • • Italy Rome, Florence, Venice Mediterranean Trade De Medici Michaelangelo, Da Vinci, Raphael • • • • North Amsterdam, Antwerp, London Rhine & Thames Rivers Jacob Fugger Jan Van Eyck, Brueghel Machiavellian Intrigue • Wrote The Prince • studied the politics of Florence, Venice & Rome • analyzed use of power, force, & Deception • How to book for future leaders Niccolo Machiavelli • Including... De Medici Family of Florence • • • • Cosimo & Lorenzo city improvements patron of the arts peace & prosperity Savonarola • Franciscan Friar • banned gambling, swearing, etc. • burned books & paintings The Borgia: First Italian Crime Family • Pope Alexander VI – bribery, extortion, nepotism, torture • Casare Borgia (son) – multiple murders, mercenary • Lucrezia Borgia (daughter) – incest? – What really happened to her husbands? Effects of the Renaissance • Advances in Science & Technology led to the European Exploration of the World • Secularism led to the Protestant Reformation • Humanism encouraged the growth of Democracy & the Fight for Human Rights • Role of Women in Society Improved • Renaissance Art led to the Age of Classical Music and Art in Europe Renaissance Art • • • • • • • • perspective light & motion study of human form emotion & drama new subject matter>secularism science & mathematics composition & balance changing perspective of man & his role in the world • unique vision of each artist