Lab 5-4
Biology
Unit 5 – Cancer, Lab Activity 5-4
All living things must reproduce. This includes the building blocks of organisms,
their cells. Somatic cells (body cells) reproduce through a process called mitosis.
Mitosis is just one part of the cell cycle that cells pass through during their own
lifetimes. In this lab you will look at the cell cycle with particular attention on mitosis.
Research Question
How do cells reproduce?
Protocol
A
ctivity 1 - Cell Cycle
Step 1 ) In this step you will explore the different phases of the cell cycle. Use the
web site: http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells2.html to
help you complete the diagram of the cell cycle. Label all components and provide a
description of each.
Cell Cycle
G0
G1
S
G2
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Lab 5-4
A
ctivity 2 Phases of Mitosis
Step 2) In this step you will explore the different phases of mitosis. Use the web site:
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells3.html. Complete this
before going on to step 3.
Drawing
Phase Name
Description
InterPhase
ProPhase
MetaPhase
AnaPhase
TeloPhase
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Lab 5-4
Step 3) In this step you will observe mitosis in onion root tips. The web site:
www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/activities/cell_cycle/assignment.html
is essential to completion of this step. Complete this before going on to step 4.
.Step 4) In this step you will be looking at slides of onion root tips for the various phases
of the cell cycle.
Phase
Interphase
Table 5-4.1
Drawing
OK
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
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Lab 5-4
Stop Questions
1) What is the collective name for G0, G1, S, and G2 phases? _____________________
2) What is the overall purpose of mitosis? _____________________________________
3) How many cells are there at the end of the mitosis of one cell?
4) Why weren’t the drawings on the practice web site larger and clearer?
_______________________________________________________________________
5) Why are all of the stages present in each root section?
_______________________________________________________________________
Analysis Questions
1)
2)
3)
4)
What are chromosomes made of?
Why is the prepared slide from an onion root tip?
What is the best magnification for observation of mitosis?
Which phase is the most common in non-cancerous cells?
Explain why.
5) Cancer is associated with rapid cell division. Which stage, if any, would you
expect to be most abundant in a slide of cancerous cells?
Explain (The explanation is what earns you credit).
Conclusion
Cancer is a disease that is triggered by abnormal cell division. In order for a tumor to
develop a number of changes must occur to the DNA in the cell. Go to the website
http://www.insidecancer.org/ and watch all parts of the Hallmarks of Cancer tutorial.
Use the information from the website to describe each of the ‘Hallmarks of Cancer’
listed below. When you are done you can use this information to complete the second
table in lab 5-1.
Uncontrolled growth Evading death Processing nutrients Becoming immortalInvading tissues Avoiding detection Promoting mutations -
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