HOUSE:ED 2013 Peter & the Wolf Live Teache r s’ Reso u rces Stages 1,2&3 INTRODUCTION These teachers’ notes have been designed to assist you with classroom preparation in relation to the performance of Peter & the Wolf Live. We hope that this resource will assist your students to further enjoy and enhance their performing arts experience back in the classroom. The activities are designed for students from Years 1 - 6. The activities included in this resource, provide opportunities for students to explore the instruments of the orchestra, with their characters, as well as narrative, through the orchestral work of Peter and the Wolf. NSW Board of Studies Syllabi has been used as guides for the planning of these activities. You should adapt the activities to suit the student age and stage of your class and the curriculum foci and outcomes used in your school. Some websites are suggested throughout this resource. It is recommended that you first visit the sites and assess the suitability of the content for your particular school environment before setting the activities based on these. PERFORMANCE DESCRIPTION AND SYNOPSIS Peter is a determined boy with a thirst for adventure. He wants to stare into the eyes of the thing that scares him the most – but what will happen when he does? Since its premier in Moscow in 1936, Prokofiev’s orchestral parable has become one of the most enduring works of music education. Peter & the Wolf Live is now a compelling stage production encapsulating the Oscar-winning animation, Peter & The Wolf, by Break Thru Films, with live performance of the original score by the renowned Sydney Youth Orchestra. A special guest narrator will bring this iconic tale to life. This is a sensitive and imaginative retelling of this classic story in a contemporary landscape, using state-of-the-art HD technology. It introduces modern twists and environmental themes, while retaining all the educational and musical genius at the pieces’ core. CLASSROOM CONTEXT & CURRICULUM LINKS This performance provides the classroom teacher with opportunities for learning activities that link to the following curriculum areas: CREATIVE ARTS, MUSIC Musical Genres: 20th Century Orchestral Music; Tone Colour; Instruments of the Orchestra; Instrumental Music ENGLISH Literary Texts; Narrative; Visual Literacy; Non-verbal Communication STAGE 1: OUTCOMES AND INDICATORS PETER & THE WOLF ENGLISH CREATIVE ARTS RS1.7 Understands that texts are constructed by people and identifies ways in which texts differ according to their purpose, audience and subject matter. INDICATORS WS1.9 Plans, reviews and produces a small range of simple literary and factual texts for a variety of purposes on familiar topics for known readers. INDICATORS TS1.1 Communicates with an increasing range of people for a variety of purposes on both familiar and introduced topics in spontaneous and structured classroom activities. TS1.2 Interacts in more extended ways with less teacher intervention, makes increasingly confident oral presentations and generally listens attentively. • • • • • retells and comments on incidents from a children’s story book or short children’s film, with attention to plot elements such as setting, character, conflict and resolution makes inferences and expresses an opinion about a character’s actions, qualities, characteristics and motives in texts read or viewed and speculates on own behaviour in a similar situation writes a simple statement or short text for different purposes chooses appropriate words to label things such as drawings and objects begins to explore less familiar topics as a basis for writing activities MUS 1.1 Sings, plays and moves to a range of music, demonstrating an awareness of musical concepts. • • • MUS 1.2 Explores, creates, selects and organises sound in simple structures. • • listens and contributes frequently to small-group interaction listens and contributes to class discussions on various topics • • sings songs developing a sense of beat, pitch, tone colour and structure moves to music maintaining a constant beat, identifying structure, identifying changes in pitch plays music using body percussion, percussion instruments and self-made sound sources to explore the concepts of duration, dynamics, tone colour and structure explores simple aspects of musical concepts in their singing, playing and moving activities, e.g. changing the dynamics, changing the tempo, the effects of changing instruments, arranging musical material in a different order. INDICATORS • • expresses a point of view about texts read, heard or viewed recounts real or imagined events in a logical sequence uses a comment or a question to expand on an idea in a discussion listens to and shows respect for the contribution of another in group and class discussions INDICATORS • • INDICATORS • INDICATORS • creates simple musical compositions, with a sense of spontaneity, that are variations on known material and material that is new explores ways of making different sounds on instruments or sound sources organises own musical ideas into simple pieces, e.g. by creating, exploring and selecting materials to form soundscapes, creating simple musical structures using repeated sections and sections that are variations on known material. MUS 1.3 Uses symbol systems to represent sounds. INDICATORS MUS 1.4 Responds to a range of music, expressing likes and dislikes and the reasons for these choices. INDICATORS • • begins to use simple representations leading to the understanding of graphic notation begins to use simple representations leading to the understanding of graphic notation. STAGE 2: OUTCOMES AND INDICATORS PETER & THE WOLF ENGLISH RS2.7 Discusses how writers relate to their readers in different ways, how they create a variety of worlds through language and how they use language to achieve a wide range of purposes. CREATIVE ARTS INDICATORS • • • • • WS2.9 Drafts, revises, proofreads and publishes well- structured texts that are more demanding in terms of topic, audience and written language features. TS2.1 Communicates in informal and formal classroom activities in school and social situations for an increasing range of purposes on a variety of topics across the curriculum. TS2.2 Interacts effectively in groups and pairs, adopting a range of roles, uses a variety of media and uses various listening strategies for different situations. recognises and describes the purpose of a narrative, recount, procedure, information report identifies in stories main elements of structure such as orientation, complication and resolution recognises recurring character types and their traits identifies symbolic use of music, sound effects and voice style makes comparisons and identifies differences between text produced in different media INDICATORS • • • writes fuller descriptions of people, animals, objects, places writes more involved recounts expresses a point of view in writing with some supporting arguments MUS 2.1 Sings, plays and moves to a range of music, demonstrating a basic knowledge of musical concepts. MUS 2.2 Improvises musical phrases, organises sounds and explains reasons for choices. INDICATORS • • INDICATORS • • INDICATORS • • • • justifies a point of view with supporting evidence discusses and reflects upon a variety of responses and views participates in class discussions on a variety of topics engages in improvisation or role-play based on texts read, heard or viewed INDICATORS • • • retells the gist of a conversation responds to different viewpoints in a discussion performs, giving some consideration to use of voice and gesture, e.g. in poetry, drama, improvisation, Readers Theatre moves to music maintaining a constant beat, identifying structure, identifying changes in pitch, elements of duration and dynamics plays music using body percussion, percussion instruments and other sound sources to explore and demonstrate the concepts of duration, tone colour, pitch, dynamics and structure • • improvises and explores musical ideas based on rhythmic or melodic patterns and incorporates these into own compositions explores ways of varying musical material, e.g. changing beat, metre, rhythm and tempo, exploring the pitch possibilities of instruments and voices, exploring tone colours and sound production methods of various instruments, exploring dynamics and dynamic contrasts, exploring ways of varying structures or inventing new structures organises own musical ideas into simple compositions, e.g. by improvising, creating, exploring and selecting materials to form compositions, and giving reasons for making these choices recognises and discusses the intentions behind own work, e.g. ‘I chose this instrument because …’, ‘I wanted to get louder here so it would become more exciting’. MUS 2.3 Uses commonly understood symbols to represent own work. INDICATORS MUS 2.4 Identifies the use of musical concepts and musical symbols in a range of repertoire. INDICATORS • • • Devises symbols to represent sounds for use in graphic notation identifies basic musical features of the music that is performed and listened to, e.g. rhythm, tempo, pitch, structure, dynamics, tone colour listens to a range of repertoire and discuss features of the music and the differences between different repertoire. STAGE 3: OUTCOMES AND INDICATORS PETER & THE WOLF ENGLISH RS3.7 Critically analyses techniques used by writers to create certain effects, to use language creatively, to position the reader in various ways and to construct different interpretations of experience. CREATIVE ARTS INDICATORS • • • • identifies typical structures used in different text types, such as narrative and exposition considers how change to aspects of a text can alter people’s interpretation of meaning, such as reversing the roles of males and females in a novel, poem or play justifies own preferences for a particular interpretation of a text, referring to text details and own knowledge and experience justifies opinions about the motives and feelings of characters in literary texts WS3.9 Produces a wide range of wellstructured and well-presented literary and factual texts for a wide variety of purposes and audiences using increasingly challenging topics, ideas, issues and written language features. INDICATORS TS3.1 INDICATORS Communicates effectively for a range of purposes and with a variety of audiences to express well developed, well-organised ideas dealing with more challenging topics. • • • • • • • TS3.2 Interacts productively and with autonomy in pairs and groups of various sizes and composition, uses effective oral presentation skills and strategies and listens attentively. • MUS3.2 Improvises, experiments, selects, combines and orders sound using musical concepts. discusses the similarities and differences between spoken and written language works with different text types using different channels of communication, e.g. poetry, dramatic performance uses diagrams, charts, maps, graphs, illustrations relevant to text listens to and gives detailed descriptions of a range of settings, people, places, objects identifies the main idea and supporting details of a spoken text and summarises it for others explores ideas and topics in a group set up by teacher or peer rehearses and tells a story to peers or younger children using approaches designed to engage the listener INDICATORS • • MUS3.1 Sings, plays and moves to a range of music, individually and in groups, demonstrating a knowledge of musical concepts. listens in group discussions and records key issues uses group interaction strategies to work collaboratively uses a range of strategies to participate cooperatively in small-group discussions, e.g. taking turns, asking questions to gain more information, adding to the group’s ideas INDICATORS • • INDICATORS • • • MUS3.3 Notates and discusses own work and the work of others. MUS3.4 Identifies the use of musical concepts and symbols in a range of musical styles. moves to a variety of music, individually and in groups, to gain understanding of musical concepts and as a form of selfexpression plays a variety of music, individually and in groups, using a range of vocal and instrumental sound sources to explore musical concepts improvises and explores musical ideas based on rhythmic and melodic patterns and incorporates these into own compositions and as variations on others’ compositions explores ways of varying musical material, e.g. exploring metre changes, rhythm changes, tempo changes and gradations, dynamic changes and gradation, pitch changes and changes in pitch register, exploring structures, incorporating variations in tone colour and sound production methods organises musical ideas into compositions demonstrating compositional intentions, e.g. by improvising, creating, exploring, and selecting and combining musical materials and varying others’ musical materials INDICATORS • • devises graphic symbols to represent sound, as a means of recording and communicating own musical ideas discusses own compositions and the compositions of others, using the musical concepts as a guide INDICATORS • identifies the use of musical concepts and changes that occur in relation to music that they perform, compose and listen to, e.g. rhythm, tempo, pitch, structure, dynamics, tone colour and the changes that occur within the music LESSON TEACHING AND LEARNING ACTIVITIES RESOURCES PRE-SHOW ACTIVITIES 1 ENGLISH ACTIVITIES: The Story of Peter & the Wolf NARRATIVE • Go through the STRUCTURE and sequence of a Narrative - Orientation; Complication (series of events that lead to the problem being solved); Resolution (the problem being solved). Also can be sequenced as BEGINNING, MIDDLE and END. NB. Stage one may need to have this outline created for them. THE STORY • Read the story of ‘Peter and the Wolf’’ (Appendix 1) without the music and discuss. • ORIENTATION: Setting (the story takes place in the meadow surroundings Peter’s house); Characters (Peter, Bird, Duck, Wolf, Cat, Grandfather, hunters) • COMPLICATION / PROBLEM (A wolf is on the hunt to eat animals) • RESOLUTION (Peter plans to catch the Wolf. Peter catches the wolf after the bird distracts it). ‘Peter and the Wolf’ PowerPoint Appendix 1: Story of ‘Peter and the Wolf’ EXTENSION ACTIVITY The story is open-ended, students can create their own ending. Some questions could be: Will something happen on the way to the zoo? Will they all reach the zoo? Was Peter’s grandfather still be angry with him? 2 THE ORCHESTRA / INSTRUMENTS OF THE ORCHESTRA INTRODUCTION TO THE ORCHESTRA • Refer to www.sfskids.org and the PowerPoint for diagram of a typical orchestra, print out each or display on an interactive whiteboard. • Introduce or revise these terms: Families of the Orchestra (an orchestra is divided into four sections: STRINGS; WOODWIND; BRASS; PERCUSSION); Conductor (Leader of the orchestra) and Baton (what the conductor holds to indicate timing and for when the musicians need to play). INSTRUMENTAL FAMILIES OF THE ORCHESTRA • Refer to www.sfskids.org and briefly go through each family of the orchestra and the general sound of each instrument. Describe each instrument. • Ask the students if anyone know how these instruments are played. Ask students to mime how you would play each instrument. If they don’t know, you can lead them here to mimic the teacher. • Go through a typical orchestral seating arrangement using Worksheet 1: Orchestral Seating • Refer to www.dsokids.com/visit-the-symphony/orchestra-seating-chart.aspx ‘Peter and the Wolf’ PowerPoint www.sfskids.org Worksheet 1: Orchestral Seating www.dsokids.com/visitthesymphony/orchestraseating-chart.aspx REGISTER INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR REGISTERS • In music we have high, medium and low sounds. Some instruments can have high, medium and low sounds on the one instrument, this is called REGISTER. • In Peter and the Wolf, registers are used to portray certain characters, for example, the low register of the clarinet, and high register of the flute. • Play to the class various instruments that play in a high, middle or low register and indicate this through movement. High = hands stretched in the air; Medium = arms crossed and Low = crouch on the ground. • Students can also experiment with high, medium and low registers of classroom instruments. • Can refer to the excerpts at www.dsokids.com/listen/by-instrument/.aspx 3 www.dsokids.com/listen /by-instrument/.aspx PETER AND THE WOLF THE COMPOSER • Explain that Peter and the Wolf is an orchestral piece of music, to a narrated story by the Russian composer SERGEI PROKOFIEV in 1936. Explain what a composer is. ‘Peter and the Wolf’ PowerPoint INTRODUCTION TO THE CHARACTERS & INSTRUMENTS (After the story has been read in Lesson One) a) The Characters • List the characters in the story: PETER; BIRD; DUCK; CAT; GRANDFATHER; WOLF and HUNTERS and ask students to describe their personalities. NB: Stages 1-2 will need to be led with descriptions; Stage 3 can create their own adjectives. • Adjective ideas: Peter (brave, adventurous, playful, light, carefree); Bird (brave, confident, fast, small, quick, light); Duck (waddling, slow, innocent, steady); Cat (smooth, steady, sly); Grandfather (stern, grumpy, worried, protective, strict, heavy, slow); Wolf (scary, low, heavy, big, sniffing the air and licking lips, broad); Hunters (brave, quiet, slow, alert, violent, strong). b) The Instruments • Show a picture and listen (interactive whiteboard, or print Worksheet 2) then describe each of the following instruments: Strings; Flute; Oboe; Clarinet; Bassoon; French Horn; Timpani and Bass Drum. c) Matching characters with their instruments • Listen to each instrument while looking at the list of characters and pictures (interactive whiteboard or Worksheet 3) with their descriptions from the class, and match the instrument that would suit each character. NB: Descriptions and matching can vary with level. (Answers: Bird = flute, Duck = oboe, Cat = clarinet, Grandfather = bassoon, Wolf = French Horn, Hunters = timpani / bass drum, Peter = violin / strings) • Do you think the characters suit their instruments, why? Worksheet 2 – the instruments Worksheet 3 – Matching character and instrument d) The Story • Listen to the full version of Peter and the Wolf and describe the music through the musical concepts. NB. Descriptions can vary with level, though encourage musical responses that include all of the concepts of music. DURATION: characteristic rhythm for each theme; mainly some parts speed up. PITCH: Peters theme mainly ascending (getting higher) in pitch; Wolf and hunters theme set lower to create emphasis; high strings and notes clashing when the duck is caught by the wolf. DYNAMICS: moderate volume throughout though wolf and hunters theme (drums and horns) louder in volume. TONE COLOUR: Every family of the orchestra heard, all introduced separately; combination of high/medium and low instruments and registers. STRUCTURE: Every character has a musical theme; Narrator and musical excerpt make up the piece, mainly separately. • Complete Story Strip exercise (Worksheet 4) • Cloze passage exercise (Worksheet 5) e) i. • • Musical Themes RHYTHM & BEAT Play the first part of the piece with Peter’s theme, and ask students to march around the room to the beat. Clap the rhythm of Peter’s theme for the students to copy or can try and pick up the rhythm first. Worksheet 4 – Story Strip Worksheet 5 – Cloze passage ii. MOVEMENT • Ask students to imitate each character around the room. • Play a recording of Peter and the Wolf and imitate each character when it is heard in the story • Stages 1-2 may like to repeat this activity using puppets if available, or class could create their own. f) Composition • Divide the students into 7 groups, each to represent a character. • Each group is to compose their own short motif for each character. Don’t need to restrict students to a correct timing, though do emphasize to keep it short. Stages 1-2 can use untuned percussion instruments or any instrument, make sure they are all different sounds that have similar qualities to the instruments in the work, and stage 3 can use tuned percussion instruments that have been altered (e.g. Xylophone bars removed) to create the pentatonic scale. (The pentatonic scale is a five note scale where no key knowledge or blending of notes is needed). Instrument suggestions (untuned/tuned): Peter (shakers/ metallophone); Bird (Triangle/ Glockenspiel); Duck (Kazoo or castanets); Cat (cabasa or bells); Grandfather (Drum/ bass xylophone); Wolf (Low Drum); Hunters (Drum or tambour). Can use table as a guide for selecting instruments for the characters: High Instruments Bird Recording of Peter and the Wolf (see resources for suggestions) Medium register instruments Peter Duck Cat Low Instruments Grandfather Wolf Hunters • • Read the story of ‘Peter and the Wolf’ and pause after a character name for the groups to play their short theme they have composed. Note that earlier stages may like to just play the instrument when the character is heard and later stages can create their own musical theme. After the students have performed for the class, each group can comment on the other groups musical themes. (can vary this activity if students have only played an instrument randomly in the pauses to represent the characters) EXTENSION ACTIVITY Students can draw their melody using lines and shapes, for example, if the melody is mainly ascending (getting higher) then the lines (or notation) will be mainly getting higher. These groups (or individuals) can show their graphic notation scores to the class before and after they perform for the class. POST-SHOW ACTIVITIES 4 POST- SHOW DISCUSSION • • • • 5 ‘Peter and the Wolf’ PowerPoint COMPOSITION • • • • 6 Students to discuss the performance and what aspects they enjoyed the most Ask students what part of the performance they remembered the most Name and discuss all of the instruments you saw and heard. Draw two of these instruments. Stage 3 can list the instruments in order that they were heard with the characters from the story. Stage 1-2: choose any short story with main characters and ask students to choose an instrument for each character. Stage 3: In groups or individually, write a short story with four characters that are all different, emphasizing to the students that the story must have a beginning, middle and an end. Choose a classroom musical instrument that represents each character. Perform the story for the class. The narrator can be a student (perhaps from memory or written down) or the teacher. Students to reflect musically on each performance. CLIPS (LET’S WATCH SOMETHING) • • Watch one, two or three versions of clips of Peter and the Wolf - a Disney version, a puppet version and an animated short film. NB: The animated short film is not as ‘light’ as the other versions therefore perhaps stages 1-2 can begin at 5’42” Discuss all versions and compare with the original story and also the concert that the students saw. ‘Peter and the Wolf’ PowerPoint Short story with approximately four main characters ‘Peter and the Wolf’ PowerPoint Animated Disney Version: www.youtube.com/watc h?v=zr25umYkxe4 Answers may include: Animated Disney Version • • • • • Animated story with added word to engage students The animals have names: Sasha the bird; Sonia the duck; Ívan and the hunters. The duck is not eaten by the wolf Same story and music, some added at the beginning to create the setting. Instruments come alive to link the characters with their instruments. TEACHER’S OVERVIEW AND UNIT EVALUATION Puppet Show version • • Puppets as characters Actual instruments shown how each are played, with musicians wearing face masks of the animals the instruments is representing. Animated short film • • • • • • No narrator Movie like sequence Set in the city at the beginning rather than the woods the entire story Added features such as the balloon Peter lets the wolf go back into the woods at the end rather than to the zoo The pond is ice rather than water for the duck. Puppet Show version by The Chamber Orchestra of Europe by Claudio Abbado and narrated by Sting: www.youtube.com/watc h?v=jzjIlni8_qg Peter and the Wolf animated short film: www.youtube.com/watc h?v=o15im2LRlng REFERENCES AND RESOURCES GENERAL: PowerPoint file with main activity outlines: http://snk.to/f-cd1cfhhr LESSON 1: English Activities Story Script (Appendix 1) LESSON 2: Instruments of the Orchestra www.sfskids.org for diagram and sounds of the orchestra as a whole, and individually www.dsokids.com Worksheet 1: Orchestral Seating LESSON 3: ‘Peter and the Wolf’ Recordings YouTube clip - Peter and the Wolf by the Vancouver Symphony Orchestra: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MfM7Y9Pcdzw Australian versions (from the ABC bookshop): Carnival of the Animals – a parade of kids classics; Peter and the Wolf, narrated by Dame Edna Everage and performed by the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra. Story Script (see Appendix 1) Sequence of events of the story (see Appendix 2) Worksheet 2 – Picture of Instruments Worksheet 3 – Matching Character & Instrument (NB: The characters and instruments are jumbled) Worksheet 4 – Story Strip Worksheet 5 – Cloze Passage LESSON 6 Clips Animated version by Disney, with original music, narrated by Sterling Holloway: www.youtube.com/watch?v=zr25umYkxe4 Puppet Show version by The Chamber Orchestra of Europe by Claudio Abbado and narrated by Sting: www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzjIlni8_qg Peter and the Wolf animated short film: www.youtube.com/watch?v=o15im2LRlng Activities & resources written by Helene Galettis WORKSHEET 1: ORCHESTRAL SEATING (Source: www.sfskids.org) WORKSHEET 2: THE INSTRUMENTS Strings Sound Description suggestions Smooth, light, playful. Flute High, light. Oboe Nasal, reedy, closed sound. Clarinet Mellow, thick, smooth, open sound. Bassoon Low, thick, closed sound. French Horn Thick, mellow, smooth, open sound, brassy. Timpani and Bass Drum Low, deep, thick, loud, brash. Instrument Picture Picture References: Strings http://blog.mymusictheory.com/2011/the http://blog.mymusictheory.com/2011/the-mymusictheory-guide-to-orchestral orchestral-instrumentspart-6-%E2%80%93-the-strings/s strings/string-family/ Flute; Oboe; Clarinet; rinet; Bassoon and French Horn www.mymusictheory.com/grade5/lessons/15 www.mymusictheory.com/grade5/lessons/15-instruments-of-the-orchestra.html orchestra.html Timpani and Bass Drum http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/music/bdrum.html#c1 astr.gsu.edu/hbase/music/bdrum.html#c1 WORKSHEET 3: MATCHING CHARACTER AND INSTRUMENT NAME: __________________________________________________________________________________ TASK: Match the character with the instrument from Peter and the Wolf. Peter Grandfather Hunter Bird Cat Duck Wolf WORKSHEET 4: STORY STRIP Peter and the Wolf Story Strips: Cut out each strip and ask students to put them in order Peters goes into the meadow and meets a bird. A cat sneaks up and tries to eat the bird. Peter and the bird meet a duck. Peter’s grandfather gets angry with Peter and takes him home. The wolf comes out of the forest and eats the duck. Peter climbs the stone wall and onto a limb of the tree. Peter catches the wolf by the tail with a rope. Peter and the hunters take the wolf to the zoo. WORKSHEET 5: CLOZE PASSAGE Peter and the Wolf Peter lived in a small house in the woods with his grandfather. One morning Peter went to the pond to feed the _____________. A hungry ____________ was waiting in the tree for some crumbs. There was also a __________ hiding in the tall grass. When the _______ flew down, the _________ ran to catch him. Peter scared the ___________ away and the ____________ was saved. Grandfather called Peter to come inside, then a ____________ came out of the woods. The ____________ and the ____________ knew what to do. They went up high in a tree. The _____________ could not get away. The _________ swallowed her whole. Peter knew the ___________ also wanted the ____________ and the __________. He climbed on the wall and caught the _____________with a rope lasso. Some hunters helped Peter take it to the zoo. Word bank: cat, bird, duck, wolf NB: Stage 3 may not need the wordbank (Source:http://kidslink.scuole.bo.it/sanlazzaro1/PDF%20E%20FILE/mat%20musica/prog%2 0clil%20Covino.pdf) APPENDIX 1: THE STORY THE STORY OF ‘PETER AND THE WOLF’ One morning, a young boy named Peter opened his gate and walked out into the big green meadow that was beyond it. On a branch of a big tree in the meadow sat a little bird that was Peter's friend. "All is quiet!" the bird chirped. A duck came waddling around. She was glad that Peter had not closed the gate and, seeing that it was open, decided to take a nice swim in the deep pond in the meadow. The little bird saw the duck and flew down upon on the grass. The bird settled next to her and shrugged his shoulders. "What kind of bird are you if you can't fly?" said the bird. The duck replied, "What kind of bird are you if you can't swim?" and dove into the pond. The bird and the duck kept arguing, and the duck swam around the pond while the little bird hopped along the edge of the pond. Suddenly, something caught Peter's attention. He looked around and noticed a sly cat crawling through the grass. The cat thought; "That little bird is busy arguing with the duck, I'll just grab him while he is busy!” Very carefully, on her little velvet paws, she crept towards him. "Look out!" shouted Peter and the little bird flew up into the tree for safety, while the duck quacked as loud as he could at the cat, from the middle of the pond. The cat walked around the tree and thought, "Is it worth using up so much energy and climbing up so high into the tree? By the time I get there the bird will have flown away." Just then, Peter’s grandfather came out of their house. He was upset because Peter had gone in the meadow without his permission. "The meadow is a dangerous place! If a wolf should come out of the forest, then what would you do? You would be in great danger!" But Peter paid no attention to his grandfather's words. Boys like him are not afraid of wolves. Grandfather took Peter by the hand, locked the gate and led him home. No sooner had Peter gone back into his house, than a big gray wolf came out of the forest. In a second, the cat climbed up the tree. The duck quacked, and leapt out of the pond. But no matter how hard the duck tried to run, she just couldn't outrun the wolf. He was getting closer and closer and catching up with her! Then, he grabbed her with his teeth and with one gulp, swallowed her. And now, this is how things stood: the cat was sitting on one branch, the bird on another, not too close to the cat. And the wolf walked around and around the tree, looking at the cat and the bird with very hungry eyes. In the meantime, Peter, without the slightest fear, stood behind the closed gate and watched everything that was happening. He ran home, got a strong rope, and climbed up the high stone wall that divided his yard from the meadow. One of the branches of the tree around which the wolf was walking stretched out way beyond the stone wall. Grabbing hold of the branch, Peter carefully and quietly climbed onto the tree. Peter said to the bird: "Fly down and circle over the wolf's head. Try to distract him! But, be careful that he doesn't catch you." The bird flew around the wolf and almost touched the wolf's head with his wings while the wolf snapped angrily at him with his jaws, from this side and that. Oh, how the bird annoyed the wolf — how he wanted to catch him! But the bird was clever and very quick, and the wolf simply couldn't do anything about it. Meanwhile, Peter made a lasso with the rope and carefully let it down from the tree, catching the wolf by the tail. Peter pulled on the rope with all his might! Feeling himself caught by the rope, the wolf began to jump wildly trying to get loose. But Peter tied the other end of rope to the strong tree, and the wolf's jumping only made the rope round his tail tighter. Just then, two hunters came out of the woods, following the wolf's trail and shooting their guns as they went. But Peter, sitting in the tree, said: "Don't shoot! Birdie and I have caught the wolf. Now help us take him to the zoo." Then came the triumphant procession. Peter was at the head. After him came the two hunters leading the wolf. And winding up the procession were Grandfather and the cat. Grandfather shook his head discontentedly. "Well, what would have happened if Peter hadn't caught the wolf? What then?" Above them flew Birdie chirping merrily. "My, what brave fellows we are, Peter and I! Look what we have caught! A giant wolf!" And perhaps, if you listen very carefully, you will hear the duck quacking inside the wolf, because the wolf, in his hurry to eat her, had swallowed her alive. (Source: www.dsokids.com) APPENDIX 2: SEQUENCE OF EVENTS Sergei Prokofiev, Peter and The Wolf • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Peter in the Meadow The Bird The Duck The Cat Grandfather Peter Does Not Listen Grandfather Takes Peter Home The Wolf The Cat Climbs the Tree The Duck Jumps Out of the Pond The Wolf Swallows the Duck The Cat and the Bird in the Trees The Wolf Prowls in Wait Peter Takes a Rope and Climbs the Tree He Tells the Bird to Distract the Wolf Peter Catches the Wolf With a Lasso The Wolf Tries to Escape The Hunters Approach With their Guns Peter Suggest that They all Take the Wolf to the Zoo They All March Together And After them Grandfather and the Cat (Source: www.dsokids.com)