Hunter-Gatherers and the First Famers
From raw food to protein bars
DATE (years ago) EVENT
6–7 million Oldest fossils
4–1 million Scientists believe human brain size tripled
1.9–1.6 million Scientists believe humans invented tools
(homo habilis)
1.5 million–500,000 “Upright man” – homo erectus
1 million–500,000 Scientists believe humans learned to use
fire
1 million–100,000 Scientists believe Homo sapiens,
human ancestor, appeared
120,000–60,000 Middens show that humans ate shellfish
100,000 Scientists believe humans developed
language
DATE (b.c.)
EVENT
10,000 b.c. Agricultural Revolution; pots invented
6000 b.c. Earliest Chinese civilization, in Ban Po
6000 b.c. People from Middle East migrate to India
5000 b.c. Clay pots for boiling invented
3000 b.c. Civilization begins in Fertile Crescent
Prehistoric Europe
Horses. Cave painting. c. 28 000 BC.
Chauvet Cave, France
Rhinoceroses, Chauvet Cave
recess of the Rhinoceroses
Map of the Lascaux Caves
Lascaux Main gallery or axial gallery
Charcoal, ochre, iron oxide
vegetal and plant pigment
10 meters equals 30 feet
Axial Gallery, Lascaux. 15 000 – 10 000 B.C. France
Neolithic Axe 4000 BC
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bu5eqBg5Lr4
Lascaux, Bull and Horses
Lascaux, Bull
Chinese Horse. Lascaux Cave. Dordogne, France ca. 15,000-13,000 BCE.
With weapons, traps or insects
Wooden thrusting spear, Schöningen,
Germany, about 400,000 years old.
Rhinoceros, Wounded Man and Bison. Lascaux Cave
Dordogne, France ca. 15,000-13,000 BCE
First narrative.
427 animals with 17 species
Benefits and Costs of Eating Meat
Bison. Cave painting. c. 15 000 – 10 000 BC
Altamira, Spain
1-2 Wounded Bison. Cave painting.
c. 15 000 – 10 000 B. C.
Altamira, Spain
Hand stencils, Chauvet Cave
Hand prints, Chauvet Cave
1-12 Horse, from Vogelherd cave. c. 28 000 BC
Bison from La Madeleine
c. 15000 – 10000 BC
“Venus” of Willendorf
c. 25 000 – 20 000 B.C.
Limestone, height 4 3/8”
Vienna
1908
Carved in the round
Traces of ochre
“Venus” of Willendorf, back
Head profile
Venus Capitoline
Botticelli, Venus, 16th century
Neolithic plastered skull,
from Jericho. c. 7000 B. C.
Jordan
Displayed above ground
1-18 Early Neolithic wall and tower,
Jericho, Jordan. c. 7000 B.C.
Domestication of animals and plants, first portraiture
Southwest on Konya
alluvial plain (forest with oak, juniper trees,
wild pistachio, almond and apple trees)
trade: obsidian from Anatolia (tools, with Syria
Palestine, Jordan and Cyprus)
Catal Hüyük South excavation
Neolithic town
Dweling mud bricks
Taos Pueblo, New Mexico
Drying coffee beans on the roof
Catal Huyuk, Turkey
Neolithic town
1,000 before Jericho
Animal Hunt. Restoration of Main Room, Shrine A.III.1. Çatal Hüyük
(after Mellaart) ca. 6000 BCE. Size: 27 x 65" (68.5 x 165 cm)
Hackberry Tree: dry but sweet sugary constitency
Dolmen, Carnac (Brittany), France. c. 1500 B.C.
Menhir alignments at Ménec, Carnac, France ca. 4250-3750 BCE.
Menhirs, Carnac (Brittany) France
Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain (Witshire), England.
c. 2000 B.C. Diameter of circle 97’ (29,6m)
1-25 Stonehenge (aerial view), Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England ca. 2100 BCE.
45 – 50 ton megaliths Diameter of circle 97’ (29,6m)
Stonehenge at night