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SCA 4 (review) Study Guide
MAIN IDEA/ SUPPORTING DETAILS
Main idea is a sentence that tells the most important idea from a paragraph, passage or
article. What the story is mostly about in a sentence.
Supporting details give more information about the main idea; they support the main idea
POINT OF VIEW
First-person Point of View - A character in the story is the narrator. This character is
telling the story. The narrator uses the pronouns I, me and we.
First - Person Point of View Examples
I walked home from school today with my friends. We stopped for ice cream. I had
vanilla. It's my favorite.
When I got up this morning I brushed my teeth. Then I got dressed and ate my breakfast.
Third-person Point of View - The story is being told by an outside observer (someone
who is not in the story). The author uses the pronouns he, she, and they.
Third - Person Point of View Examples
Ted plays on a baseball team. He loves to play with his team. He has a game next week.
His coach thinks he's a good baseball player.
The princess was locked in the tower. She had no way to escape. She hoped
that a prince would rescue her. Her wish came true. He came and took her to his castle.
Author’s Purpose
PERSUADE - To convince the reader of a certain point of view
INFORM - To teach or give information to the reader
ENTERTAIN –To hold the attention of the reader through enjoyment
Antonym/Synonym
Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings.
Warm is an antonym for cool.
Strong is an antonym for weak.
Synonyms are words that have similar meanings.
Huge is a synonym for gigantic.
Soft is a synonym for quiet.
Prefixes/Suffixes
Prefixes are word parts that come before the base word. (pre- means “before”).
Ex: base word-read, add the prefix re- to read and you have “reread.”
This means to read again.
Some examples of prefixes are ex-, inter-, multi-, non-, pre-, re- mis-.
Suffixes are word parts that come at the end of a word. Sometimes a suffix will tell you
what part of speech a word is.
Ex: She was bashfully shy.
Some examples of suffixes are: -ion, -less, -ly, -ness, -ment, -y.
Genre
Genres are kinds of literature. These are the different types of books/stories that we read.
Fiction – Fiction tells a made up story. There are several different types of fiction.
 Realistic fiction – stories that take place in modern times and the characters are
involved in events that really could happen
 Fantasy – a fictional story that is not realistic like talking animals and magical
powers, often set in a medieval universe
 Fables – a fictional story that involves animals that talk and it teaches a life lesson
or moral at the end
 Fairytale – a children’s story about magical and imaginery beings and lands
Nonfiction – Nonfiction gives real information about real people, places, things, ideas,
and events. There are a few different types of fiction.
 Biography – A story of a real person’s life written by another person.
 Autobiography – A story of a real person’s life written by that person.
 Informational – Books that provide facts about a variety of topics such as sports,
animals, jobs, nature, weather, and more.
Poetry – Poems express ideas and feelings in an unusual way. Poetry is written in
stanzas. Poems often have rhyming words, a rhythm or a beat, and the sentences are
broken apart.
Drama – Dramas, or plays, are performed for an audience. Some dramas are based on
true events and some are not. School plays, movies, skits, and television sitcoms are
types of drama.