The Digestive System
Generic Name
Antimicrobials
Amoxicillin
Trade Names
Manufacturer
Distributers
Penamox
Julphamox
Moxiram
Amoxydar
Ultramox
Amoxipen
Ospamox
Hikma
‫جلفار‬
RAM
‫دار الدواء‬
‫الشركة العربية‬
JPM
Sandos
smithkline
beecham
‫الشركة السعودية‬
‫للصناعات الدوائية‬
Hikma
‫شركة المهني‬
RAM
‫الكرمل‬
‫الشركة العربية‬
JPM*
‫النابلسي‬
remedica
‫السليم‬
Amoxil
Hymox
Amoxapen
‫طنوس‬
‫االقليمي‬
Notes
-Mechanism of Action :
Inhibits bacterial cell wall
synthesis by binding to one or
more of the penicillin-binding
proteins (PBPs).
-Used as part of a multidrug
regimen for H. pylori
eradication.
Side Effects : Nausea,
vomiting, diarrhea.
-Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to
amoxicillin, penicillin, or any
component of the
formulation.
Bismuth
De-nol
yamonouci
‫ابن رشد‬
-Use : Subsalicylate
formulation: Symptomatic
treatment of mild, nonspecific
diarrhea; control of travelers
diarrhea (enterotoxigenic
Escherichia coli); as part of a
multidrug regimen for H.
pylori eradication to reduce
the risk of duodenal ulcer
recurrence.
Clarithromycin
Joclar
Klaxin
Klaribac
Clarix
Claritop
Eracid
Macromax
Claridar
Klacid
Klarimid
Joswe
Hikma
‫الشركة العربية‬
‫الدولية‬
RAM
JPM
Hayat
‫دار الدواء‬
Abbott
Mid pharma
‫الوافي‬
Hikma
‫الشركة العربية‬
‫الدولية‬
RAM
‫الوفاق‬
‫المثالي‬
‫دار الدواء‬
‫أبو شيخة‬
Mid pharma
-Mechanism of Action : Exerts
its antibacterial action by
binding to 50S ribosomal
subunit resulting in inhibition
of protein synthesis.
-Use: It is similar to
erythromycin activity but its
activity against intracellular
pathogens and H.pylori is
Metronidazole
H2 recepter blocker
Famotidine
Klarilide
Clarant A
Clarrit
United
Ajanta pharma
‫تبوك‬
United
‫الناجحون‬
‫السختيان‬
Klamed
medochemie
‫الهالل‬
Supplin
Nidazol
Flagyl
Flanizol
Metrazin
Metrozole
Ramazol
Protozol
sandoz
Hikma
Aventis
United
Mid pharma
JPM
RAM
‫الشركة العربية‬
‫النابلسي‬
Hikma
‫ألفة‬
United
‫الكرمل‬
JPM
RAM
‫الشركة العربية‬
Metrolag
Boss
‫األدوية الذكية‬
Famodine
Acifam
Gastrifam
Famodar
Amodine
Peptifam
Hikma
Mid pharma
Hayat
‫دار الدواء‬
JPM
United
Hikma
‫الكرمل‬
‫الكردي‬
‫دار الدواء‬
‫الوفاق‬
United
Ulceran
medochemie
‫الهالل‬
higher than that
erythromycin.*
-Side effects : Headache,
Rash, Abnormal taste,
vomiting, abdominal pain
-Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to
clarithromycin, erythromycin,
or any macrolide antibiotic;
use with ergot derivatives,
pimozide, cisapride.
-Mechanism of action :
interacts with DNA to cause a
loss of helical DNA structure
and strand breakage resulting
in inhibition or protein
synthesis and cell death in
susceptible organisms.
-Use : as part of a multidrug
regimen for H. pylori
eradication to reduce the risk
of duodenal ulcer recurrence.
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to
metronidazole, nitroimidazole
derivatives, or any
component of the
formulation; pregnancy (1 st
trimester).
-Side effects : flushing,
dizziness ,headache,
darkened urine,incontinence,
polyuria.
-Mechanism of action :
Competitive inhibition of
histamine at H2 receptors of
the gastric parietal cells,
which inhibits gastric acid
secretion .
-Use : used in the treatment
of Peptic ulcers, acute stress
ulcers, & GERD.
OTC labeling: Relief of
heartburn, acid indigestion,
and sour stomach .
Side Effects : Headache,
dizziness, Diarrhea,
constipation .
Nizatidine
Axid
Phadisco
‫شقير‬
Ranitidine
Nadine
Peptacid
Ranidine
Zantac (tab./
amp.)
Peptac
Rolan ( amp.)
Epadoren
(amp./syrup)
‫الدولية‬
Joswe
JPM
‫الدولية‬
‫الوافي‬
JPM
glaxowellcome
‫طنوس‬
RAM
Hikma
RAM
Hikma
demo S.A
‫الهالل‬
Randin (amp.)
‫شركة القدس‬
‫للمستحضرات الطبية‬
‫النبالء‬
Losec
Astrazeneca
Omesic
Rythmogastryl
Odasol
Hyposec
Lopraz
Omedar
Risek
Omeprex
United
Rafarm
genepharm
RAM
Hayat
‫دار الدواء‬
‫جلفار‬
SAJA
‫شاوي‬
‫وارشيدات‬
United
‫محمد زريقات‬
‫مونتلاير الشرق‬
RAM
‫المثالي‬
‫الكرمل‬
‫شركة المهني‬
‫ابن رشد‬
Gasec
Mepha
‫خوري‬
-Mechanism of action : Like
Famotidine
-Use : Like Famotidine
-Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to nizatidine
or any component of the
formulation; hypersensitivity
to 7 other H2 antagonists
(cross-sensitivity has been
observed).
-Side Effects : Headache,
dizziness, Diarrhea,
constipation ,abdominal pain,
dry mouth.
-Mechanism of action : Like
Famotidine
-Use : Like Famotidine .
-Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to ranitidine
or any component of the
formulation.
Inhibitors of Proton
Pump
Omeprazole
-Mechanism of action: Proton
pump inhibitor; suppresses
gastric basal and stimulated
acid secretion by inhibiting
the parietal cell H+/K+ .ATP
pump.
-Use : its superior over
H2antagonist in treating
peptic ulcers, preferred in
treating hypersecretory
condition, reduce the risk of
bleeding caused by NSAIDS .
Treatment of heartburn and
other symptoms associated
with GERD.
-Side Effects : Headache ,
flatulence , nausea/vomiting,
diarrhea, abdominal pain,
constipation.
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to
omeprazole, subsitituted
benzimidazoles (ie,
esomeprazole, lansoprazole .
Pantoprazole , rabeprazole ),
or any component of the
formulation.
Esomeprazole
Nexium
Astrazeneca
Pumpinox
‫الدولية‬
‫شاوي‬
‫وارشيدات‬
‫الدولية‬
Rabeprazole
Pariet
Eisai
‫نيروخ‬
Pantoprazole
Razon
Pantodar
JPM
‫دار الدواء‬
‫الشركة السعودية‬
‫للصناعات الدوائية‬
United
‫تبوك‬
‫نهر األردن‬
JPM
‫دار الدواء‬
Hayat
Joswe
RAM
Mid Pharma
‫الشركة العربية‬
JPM
‫الشركة السعودية‬
‫للصناعات الدوائية‬
‫الكردي‬
‫الوافي‬
RAM
Mid Pharma
‫ابن سينا‬
‫الوفاق‬
Proton
Pantoloc
Toprazol
Pantover
Lansoprazole
Lansazol
Lanzotec
Lanzopral
Lansomid
Takepron
Lazal
Peptazole
‫االقليمي‬
United
‫السختيان‬
‫الثقة‬
‫االقليمي‬
Esomeprazole is the S-isomer
of Omeprazole.
-Mechanism of action : Like
Omeprazole
-Use : Like Omeprazole
-Side Effects : Headache.
-Contraindications : Like
Omeprazole.
-Mechanism of action : Like
Omeprazole
-Use : Like Omeprazole
-Side Effects : Like
Omeprazole.
-Contraindications : Like
Omeprazole.
-Mechanism of action : Like
Omeprazole
-Use : Like Omeprazole
-Side Effects : Like
Omeprazole.
-Contraindications : Like
Omeprazole.
Important Notes
1) Those drugs mentioned above may decrease the absorption of itraconazole or ketoconazole ( Anti-fungal
agents ).
2) Inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis at the chain elongation step; binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit
resulting in blockage of transpeptidation. Used for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections.
3) Multidrug regimen for H. pylori Eradication include either (Lansoprazole + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin ) +
( Lansoprazole + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin + Metronidazole ).
Prostaglandins
Misoprostol
Cytotec
Pharmacia
‫الصباغ‬
-Mechanism of Action :
Misoprostol is a synthetic
prostaglandin E1 analog that
replaces the protective
prostaglandins consumed
with prostaglandin-inhibiting
therapies (eg, NSAIDs); has
been shown to induce uterine
contractions.
-Use : used in peptic ulcers,an
agent causing abortion
-Side Effects : Diarrhea,
abdominal pain, Constipation,
flatulence, nausea, dyspepsia,
vomiting.
-Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to
misoprostol, prostaglandins,
or any component of the
formulation;pregnancy (when
used to reduce NSAIDinduced ulcers).
-DDI : Misoprostol may
increase the effect of
oxytocin; wait 6-12 hours
after misoprostol
administration before
initiating oxytocin.
Antiacids
Aluminium hydroxide
Aloxal
‫الشركة الكويتية‬
‫السعودية‬
‫جرزيم‬
Aluminium hydroxide+
Magnesium hydroxide
Moxal
‫جلفار‬
‫المهني‬
Novagel
‫الشركة العربية‬
‫الشركة العربية‬
Aluminium
hydroxide+Magnesium
hydroxide+Dimethicone
Maalox plus
(susp./
Chewable
tab.)
Aventis
‫ألفة‬
Aluminium
hydroxide+Magnesium
Maxol plus
(susp./
‫جلفار‬
‫المهني‬
-Use : Dyspepsia &
Hyperacidity ; antacid agent
that can promote healing of
duodenal ulcers.
-Use : Antacid agent used for
rapid relief of symptoms
associated with hyperacidity
such as heartburn.
Use : Temporary relief of
hyperacidity associated with
gas; may also be used for
indications associated with
other antacids .
Use : Antacid , Antiflatulent
hydroxide+Simethicone
Chewable
tab.)
Calcium Carbonate
Cirkulin
Antacid
(Chewable
Tab.)
Calcium + Magnesium
Rennie
(Chewable
tab.)
Sodium
bicarbonate+Sodium
carbonate
sodium
bicarbonate+citric
acid+tartaric acid
Aliginate
sodium+Calcium
carbonate+Sodium
bicarbonate
Anti-emetics
Domperidone
Roha Arzneimittel
Roche
‫بيت لحم‬
‫خوري‬
Eno Fruit Salt
(Salt/Sachets)
GSK
‫ألفة‬
Fawar
Fruit/Lemon
(Sachets)
Pharco
‫الحديثة‬
Gaviscon
( Susp. )
Reckitt benckiser
‫نيروخ‬
Gaviscon
Advance
( Susp. )
Reckitt benckiser
‫نيروخ‬
medochemie
‫الهالل‬
‫دار الدواء‬
‫الكرمل‬
RAM
RAM
Lusomedicamenta
‫تلغراف‬
JPM
JPM
Costi ( tab. )
Domperide
(tab./susp.)
Motilat
(tab./susp.)
Motilium
(tab./susp.)
Peridon ( tab. )
Use : Against heartburn ,
pressure in the stomach and
feeling of fullnes
-Use : Dyspepsia &
Hyperacidity ; fast effective
relief from indigestion and
heartburn.
-Use : Antacids : Relief from
stomach upsets ,nausea ,acid
indigestion ,the effect of too
much food or drink
,heartburn or flatulence.
Use : For Heartburn and
Indigestion.
Use : For Heartburn and
Indigestion ; Extra Strength.
-Mechanism of action:
Domperidone has peripheral
dopamine receptor blocking
properties. It increases
esophageal peristalsis and
increases lower esophageal
sphincter pressure, increases
gastric motility and peristalsis.
-Use : is moderately effective
antiemetic agent; for nausea,
vomiting, dyspepsia and
gastro-esophageal reflux.
- Contraindications : raised
serum prolactin levels have
been observed ; so
contraindicated in patients
with prolactin-releasing
pituitary tumor.
- DDI : Anticholinergics
antagonise the effect of
domperidone.
Metoclopramide
Anti-Diarrheals
Loperamide
Clopram
Primperan
‫الشركة العربية‬
sanofi-Aventis
‫الشركة العربية‬
‫ألفة‬
Elitan
medochemie
‫الهالل‬
Imodium
Imotril
Loperium
Janssen
Hayat
Remedica
‫العمد‬
‫الوفاق‬
‫السليم‬
Vacontil
medochemie
‫الهالل‬
-Mechanism of action : Blocks
dopamine receptors and
(when given in higher doses)
also blocks serotonin
receptors in chemoreceptor
trigger zone of the CNS;
enhance the response to
acetylcholine of tissue in
upper GI tract causing
enhanced motility and
accelerated gastric emptying
without stimulating gastric,
biliary, or pancreatic
secretions; increases lower
esophageal sphincter tone.
- Use : indicated in nausea
and vomiting , restores
normal co-ordination and
tone to the upper digestive
tract and relieves symptoms
of gastro-duodenal
dysfunction.
-Contraindications :
Pregnancy.
-DDI : Anticholinergic agents
antagonize Metoclopramides
actions.
-Mechanism of action : Acts
directly on circular and
longitudinal intestinal
muscles, through the opioid
receptor, to inhibit peristalsis
and prolong transit time.
-Use : anti motility agent
which widely used to control
diarrhea (acute and chronic
diarrhea ).
-Side effects : few cases of dry
mouth.
-contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to
loperamide or any
component of the
formulation; abdominal pain
without diarrhea; children <2
years, Avoid use as primary
therapy in acute dysentery,
acute ulcerative colitis,
bacterial enterocolitis,
pseudomembranous colitis.
Laxatives
Bisacodyl
Laxadyl
(child supp./
adult supp.)
Dulcolax ( tab.
)
‫الشركة العربية‬
‫الشركة العربية‬
Boehringer
ingelheim
‫شقير‬
Bran
Bran
Mebaco
‫األصالة‬
Castor oil
Castor oil
central
Mid
Mid
Castor oil API
Castor oil Phil
Glycerin
Lactulose
‫شركة عمان للصناعات‬
‫الدوائية‬
Philadelphia
Philadelphia
‫نيروخ‬
Glycerine
(infant supp./
Adult supp.)
Jocerine
Mid
Mid
‫نهر األردن‬
‫الثقة‬
Duphalac
Ramlac
Rialac
Laxodad
Lactulose
Solvay
RAM
Riyadh pharma
‫دار الدواء‬
Epico
‫خريم‬
RAM
‫خوري‬
‫دار الدواء‬
‫الفياصل‬
Ezilax
‫تبوك‬
‫السختيان‬
- Use : Treatment of
constipation; colonic
evacuation prior to
procedures or examination.
-Use : regulates bowel motion
; often used to enrich breads
(notably muffins) and
breakfast cereals, especially
for the benefit of those
wishing to increase their
intake of dietary fiber.
-Use : For constipation ; is an
irritant and stimulant laxative
which increase the peristalsis.
-Use : for Constipation ; is
stool softeners which easies
the passage of feces.
-Mechanism of action : The
bacterial degradation of
lactulose resulting in an acidic
pH inhibits the diffusion of
NH3 into the blood by causing
the conversion of NH3 to
NH4+; also enhances the
diffusion of NH3 from the
blood into the gut. where
conversion to NH4+ occurs;
produces an osmotic effect in
the colon with resultant
promoting peristalsis.
-Use : For chronic
constipation ; Adjunct in the
prevention and treatment of
portal-systemic
encephalopathy; treatment of
chronic constipation.
-Side effects : Flatulence,
diarrhea (excessive dose),
abdominal discomfort,
nausea, vomiting, cramping.
-Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to lactulose
or any component of the
formulation; galactosemia (or
patients requiring a low
galactose diet).
-DDI : Oral neomycin,
laxatives, antacid.
Magnesium Sulphate
Epsom Salt
Mid
Mid
-Mechanism of action : When
taken orally, magnesium
promotes bowel evacuation
by causing osmotic retention
peristaltic activitiy
-Use : For constipation ;
nonabsorbable salts that hold
water in the intestine by
osmosis and distend the
bowel. It is called Saline
cathartics.
-Side effects : abdominal
discomfort, nausea, vomiting,
cramping. Adverse effects on
neuromuscular function may
occur at lower levels in
patients with neuromuscular
disease (eg, myasthenia
gravis).
-Contraindication :
Hypersensitivity to any
component of the
formulation; heart block;
myocardial damage.
-DDI : Calcitriol may increase
the absorption of magnesium.
Calcium channel blockers may
enhance the adverse/toxic
effect of magnesium salts.
Magnesium salts may
enhance the hypotensive
effect of calcium channel
blockers.
Psyllium seeds
Senna
Transilane
(powder)
Innotech inter
‫الجودة‬
Fybogel
(sachets)
Reckitt benckiser
‫نيروخ‬
‫شركة النيل لألدوية‬
‫البتراء‬
Roha arzneimittel
‫بيت لحم‬
Sennalax (tab.)
Bekunis
(tab./herbal
tea)
-Mechanism of action :
Psyllium is a soluble fiber. It
absorbs water in the intestine
to form a viscous liquid which
promotes peristalsis and
reduces transit time.
-Use : bulking agent used as
laxative.
OTC labeling: Deitary fiber
supplement; treatment of
occasional constipation;
reduce risk of coronary heart
disease (CHD).
-Side effects : Abdominal
cramps, diarrhea, esophageal
or bowel obstruction.
-Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to psyllium or
any component of the
formulation; fecal impaction;
GI obstruction.
DDI : Decreased effect of
warfarin, digitalis.
Sennoside
Laxal
‫جلفار‬
‫المهني‬
-Use :
constipation,colonscopy ;
contact laxatives.
Macrogol
Forlax
Fortrans
Beaufour ipsen
Beaufour ipsen
‫أبو شريف‬
‫أبو شريف‬
-Use : osmotically acting
laxatives.
Macrogol+Sodium
bicarbonate+Sodium
chloride+potassium
chloride
Movicol
(sachets)
Norgine
‫خوري‬
-Use : Effective relief of
constipation ,also in faecal
impaction ( very bad
constipation ) .
-Side effects : weakness,
tiredness, breathlessness,
thirst with headache, puffy
ankles.
Contraindications :
Hypersensitivity to any
component of the
formulation, GI obstruction,
perforated gut wall, severe
inflammation bowel disease.