Doing business in Ireland
UK Trade & Investment Doing business in Ireland
Are you a member of a UK company wishing to export overseas?
Interested in entering or expanding your activity in
the Irish market? Then this guide is for you!
The main objective of this Doing Business Guide is to
provide you with basic knowledge about Ireland; an
overview of its economy, business culture, potential
opportunities and an introduction to other relevant
issues. Novice exporters, in particular will find it a useful
starting point.
Further assistance is available from the UKTI team in
Ireland. Full contact details are available at the end of
this guide.
Important Information Sanctions and Embargoes
Some countries maybe subject to export restrictions due to sanctions and
embargoes placed on them by the UN or EU. Exporting companies are
responsible for checking that their goods can be exported and that they are
using the correct licences.
Further information is available on GOV.UK
The purpose of the Doing Business guides, prepared by UK Trade & Investment (UKTI) is to provide information to help
recipients form their own judgments about making business decisions as to whether to invest or operate in a particular
country. The Report’s contents were believed (at the time that the Report was prepared) to be reliable, but no
representations or warranties, express or implied, are made or given by UKTI or its parent Departments (the Foreign and
Commonwealth Office (FCO) and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS)) as to the accuracy of the
Report, its completeness or its suitability for any purpose. In particular, none of the Report’s contents should be
construed as advice or solicitation to purchase or sell securities, commodities or any other form of financial instrument.
No liability is accepted by UKTI, the FCO or BIS for any loss or damage (whether consequential or otherwise) which may
arise out of or in connection with the Report.
Content
Introduction
4
Preparing to Export to Ireland
8
How to do business in Ireland
9
Business Etiquette, Language and Culture
12
What are the challenges?
13
How to Invest in Ireland
14
Contacts
15
Resources/Useful Links
17
Introduction
Ireland sits to the west of the island of Great Britain, separated by the Irish Sea. The Republic of
Ireland accounts for five sixths of the island (26 of the 32 counties), Northern Ireland, part of the
United Kingdom covers the remainder of the island. The island’s population is approx 6.3million
with 4.58million (first results from the 2011 census) living in the Republic of Ireland. As per the
Constitution (1937), the Republic of Ireland is named ‘Ireland’ and will be referred to as such for
the remainder of the document.
Opportunities in Ireland
In 2012 UK exports of goods to Ireland totalled £17.4bn, and UK imports from Ireland totalled
£12.7bn (HMRC). Ireland is the UK’s 5th largest export market and the UK’s largest export
market in food & drink with other sectors continuing to grow. In 2012 total trade in goods and
services from the UK to Ireland was £27bn. With cultural similarities, close sea and air links, the
same language and similar regulatory frameworks Ireland is an ideal market for UK companies to
export to.
Strengths of the market
In brief these are:
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Open economy, used to imports
English language
Same time zone
Low cost regular flights from all over the UK to international airports: Dublin, Cork,
Shannon and Knock. Also UK flights to regional airports: Kerry and Waterford.
Ideal starter or test export market
Similar regulatory and legal framework
Around three million British tourists visit Ireland every year.
A sophisticated consumer market.
Trade between UK and Ireland
Top 5 UK exports to Ireland in 2012
£billion
2012
Food & Drink
3.2
Petroleum, petroleum products & related
2.2
materials
Miscellaneous manufactured articles
1.2
Clothing, fashion & footwear
1.2
Gas, natural & manufactured
1.1
Source: HMRC (SITC2)
Economic Overview
GNP
€ 131,306 m (2012)
Annual Growth
Ireland)
0.5% GDP/0.1% GNP (2013 estimates from Central Bank of
Inflation
0.7% (2013 average to August)
Government Debt (% GDP)
117.6% (At end 2012 from CSO)
Unemployment
13.3% (Sept 2013)
Major Industries
Computer software, IT, food & drink, pharmaceuticals,
tourism
Major trading partners
The UK is Ireland's largest single trading partner, other key
trading partners are the US, Germany and France.
Exchange rate
£1 = €1.18(Oct 2013 from the European Central Bank)
The emergence of the ‘Celtic Tiger’ in the mid-1990s saw Irish GDP more than double, reversing
the previous trends of high unemployment and mass emigration. A key driver of this was low
corporate tax rates which attracted significant foreign direct investment, a stable relationship
between employers and unions (Social Partnership) and a highly educated workforce. The EU
Single Market also helped Ireland to move to a more open and free-market based economy.
Between 2003 and early 2007 the Irish economy continued to expand at a steady 3-6% per
annum. The drivers of the expansion were primarily construction and consumer spending.
Construction in particular experienced phenomenal growth in the Tiger years with house prices in
parts of Dublin regularly seeing annual increases of around 25%. The influx of migrant workers
from the EU accession states helped provide a ready workforce for the construction sector and
increased demand for domestic housing. However, in 2008, with the onset of the financial crisis
the Irish economy began to experience a slowdown. The near collapse of the property market put
severe pressure on both the Irish banking system and the government finances. Ireland officially
entered recession at the mid-2008 point. In November 2010, Ireland agreed to receive €85bn of
financial support from the EU and IMF. The UK, Sweden and Denmark also extended bilateral
loans.
Even before Ireland’s programme was approved, it had implemented a substantial amount of
consolidation, totalling 9.6% of GDP over 2008-2010. This stabilised the deficit at around 10% of
GDP in 2010, prior to the large increase due to banking sector interventions. Public debt rose
rapidly from 25% of GDP in 2007 to 92.5% of GDP in 2010 and is forecast to peak at around
123% of GDP by the end of 2013.
Ireland entered Excessive Deficit Procedure in April 2009 with a target for reducing the deficit
below 3% of GDP in 2013. This was extended to 2015 in December 2010 when the EU/IMF
programme was approved, with a correction to the structural balance of at least 9.5% of GDP
over 2011-15. Ireland passed a referendum on the Fiscal Stability Treaty on 31 May 2012, which
will require it to continue reducing its budget deficit on a gradual basis following the conclusion of
its current support programme.
Political Overview
Taoiseach
Enda Kenny T.D (Fine Gael)
President
Michael D. Higgins (since 11 November 2011)
The present government was formed in 2011 after the general election to Dáil Éireann on 25
February 2011. Fine Gael entered into discussions with the Labour Party which resulted in a joint
programme for government.
Ireland is a committed member of the EU and has participated actively in its evolution since
joining in 1973. It is also an active member of the United Nations. Close links are maintained with
the USA, where there is a significant Irish American population.
Population and demography
Population - 4.58 million (Census 2011). Dublin is the capital city and has a population of 1.2
million.
During the 2011 census 84.2% of the population were Roman Catholic, 3% Church of Ireland and
with a small percentage Muslim, other Christian religions and other religions. 7% of the
population have no religion or no stated religion .
Getting here and advice about your stay
FCO Travel Advice
The FCO website has travel advice to help you prepare for
your visits overseas and to stay safe and secure while you
are there.
Getting
here
For advice please visit the FCO Travel section
By air
Most European cities are within one to three hours flight from Ireland. The main airports are located as follows:
 Dublin
 Shannon
 Cork
 Donegal - Regional Airport
 Kerry - International Airport
 Knock - Ireland West Airport, International
 Sligo - Regional Airport only
 Waterford - Regional Airport, including UK
Principle airlines flying to Ireland from the UK include Aer Lingus, Ryanair, Flybe and Air France. Most European
and international airlines operate services to Dublin airport. There are also airports in Northern Ireland at Derry
and Belfast.
How to get to & from the airport
A taxi from Dublin airport will cost around €30 to Dublin city centre. The journey will take up to 30 minutes.
Express bus services include Aircoach and Airbus costing up to €15 return, with services running to the city
centre every 10 minutes during the day.
By sea/road
There are ferry ports in Rosslare, Cork, Dublin and Dun Laoghaire, also in Northern Ireland at Larne and
Belfast. Operators include: Stena Line, Fastnet Line, Seacat (operated by Isle of Man Steam Packet Co ltd), P&O
Irish Sea, Norse Merchant and Irish Ferries.
Visas
EU residents do not require a visa to enter Ireland but are advised to travel with a valid passport.
Your stay
Irish tourism websites can help you plan your trip. www.discoverireland.com and www.ireland.com.
Preparing to Export to Ireland
According to the 2011 Index of Economic Freedom, Ireland is 3rd in the Europe region and the 11th freest
economy in the world (the survey covers 10 factors: business freedom, trade freedom, fiscal freedom,
government spending, monetary freedom, investment freedom, financial freedom, property rights, freedom
trade surplus from corruption and labour freedom). The UK’s trade surplus in goods to Ireland is £4.31bn which
is the 2nd largest.
Before you start
Ireland is in the Eurozone and is an English-speaking, close neighbour with similar laws and many cultural
elements in common. Therefore, Ireland is ideal for first-time exporters and offers extensive opportunities for
experienced exporters. However, you are strongly advised to do as much market research and planning as
possible in the UK before entering the Irish market. We also advise visitors to the market and would be more
than happy to meet you whilst here and indeed arrange preliminary meetings for you.
UKTI’s team in Dublin can provide a range of services to British-based companies wishing to grow their
business in the Irish market. Our services include the provision of market information, validated lists of
agents/potential partners, key market players or potential customers; establishing the interest of such contacts
in working with the company; and arranging appointments. In addition, they can also organise events for you
to meet contacts or promote a company and its products/services.
As a first step or as a follow on from our assisting you, you might consider attending or exhibiting at an Irish
event or trade fair relevant to your business. The UKTI team in Dublin can supply you with details of key Irish
trade fairs in your business sector. This would give you an idea of the market and your competitors and allow
you to meet people operating in the market. It would also demonstrate how serious you are about your plans
for exporting to Ireland. Contacts you make at such events may suggest other contacts or routes to pursue. If
you get the opportunity, make the most of these contacts to gather as much market intelligence as you can.
You can commission these services which are operated by UK Trade & Investment (UKTI) to assist
British-based companies wishing to enter or expand their business in overseas markets. Under this
service, the Embassy's Trade & Investment Advisers, who have wide local experience and knowledge,
can identify business partners and provide the support and advice most relevant to your company's
specific needs in the market.
To find out more about commissioning work, please contact your local UKTI office.
How to do business in Ireland
Routes to market
Route to market options include:
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Agent/Commission Agent
Importer/Distributor
Direct Sales
Partnership/ Joint Venture
Using agents or distributors is a common route to market for many companies. If you are looking at these
routes, you should consider whether they act for competitors and what their terms and commission charges are
likely to be. Ideally, you should know what you will be expecting of them in terms of volume of sales over a
given period.
The following might give you an idea of the likely volume of business but much depends on the product. There
are relatively few OEMs in Ireland and order volumes tend to be small. A ratio of 1 or 2 sales for a given period
of time in Ireland would be equivalent to approximately 10 to 15 sales for the same period in the UK. This does
not necessarily apply across the business spectrum.
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Agent or Commission Agent
The agent is your representative in the Irish market and will operate on a commission basis. The agent sells
your product and forwards orders to you whereupon you deliver the products. You invoice the customer
directly. Prices quoted to customers should include the agent’s commission charges. Typically, the commission
charge is 10% but it can vary from 2.5% to 15%. You normally pay your agent after the customer has paid
you. Remember that you will have to invoice each customer so getting paid is not straightforward.
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Importer and/or a Distributor
The main difference between this route and using an agent is that the importer/distributor actually buys the
goods from you and sells them on at a price that includes a mark-up. The usual mark-up is approximately 33%.
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Direct Sales
In this case, you supply your customers directly from your facility. If you use this route, you should consider
setting up a separate Irish website (e.g. with an ‘ie’ suffix) to promote and sell your products.
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Partnership/Joint Venture (JV)
There are a number of permutations and types of partnerships/ JVs and you should seek legal advice before
entering into any agreements. A JV is sometimes a good option where your company has not got the capacity
to fully meet the demands and/or requirements on your own. One major advantage is that a JV gives you a
presence of some form in Ireland.
If you choose the JV route, you need to think carefully about the structure. Where the businesses are in
different countries, it might be best to establish a JV company which provides wider and better control.
The partnership options are a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) or a Standard Partnership. These are not
common routes.
Another option is a Co-Operation Agreement. These are perhaps most suitable where each entity contributes
separately to the same project, for example, acting as independent contractors. These agreements are
sometimes used when, for example, tendering for construction projects.
The Commercial Agents Directive
If you use the Agent route, you should familiarize yourself with the Commercial Agents Directive. The EC
(Commercial Agents) Directive, as implemented by the European Communities (Commercial Agents)
Regulations 1993, seeks to protect the position of a commercial agent. You are strongly advised to take
professional advice on the Irish legal system’s treatment of agency agreements especially in relation to a
commercial agent’s compensation for damage on termination of the agency contract.
The Manufacturers’ Agents’ Association (MAA)
Although the MAA is based in the UK, it also covers Ireland and it has a representative here. The MAA is the
only membership-owned Commercial Agents' organisation in the UK and Ireland www.themaa.co.uk .
Customs and Regulations
The Office of the Revenue Commissioners is responsible for tax matters in Ireland www.revenue.ie. The
following information is for guidance only and you should always seek professional advice on tax and customs
matters.
Most goods or services supplied in Ireland are subject to VAT as are goods imported into Ireland from outside
the E.U. VAT is charged at a number of different rates:
 The standard rate is 23%
 There are reduced rates of 13.5%, 9%, 4.8% and 0%. These lower rates cover a mix of goods and
services and cannot be easily categorised. As a guide, the 13.5% rate applies to a number of labourintensive services, 9% to tourism goods & service, 4.8% to livestock and the 0% rate applies to many
foods and medicines and to children’s clothes.
 A number of activities are exempt from VAT and normally apply to services supplied in the public
interest, for example, health, childcare and education.
The Office of the Revenue Commissioners is also responsible for Customs matters in Ireland. Their website is
www.revenue.ie. The Customs tab on the website takes you to the Customs area where you can find
information relating to aspects such as imports and exports and various customs duties.
Getting your Goods to the Market
The main Irish ports are:
 Cork
 Dublin Port
 Drogheda (Co. Meath, East Coast North of Dublin)
 Dun Laoghaire (Co. Dublin, South of Dublin Port)
 Galway
 New Ross (Co. Wexford, East Coast South of Dublin)
 Rosslare (Co. Wexford, East Coast South of Dublin)
 Foynes (Co. Limerick, West Coast South of Galway)
 Waterford
The current annualised scale of freight RoRo and LoLo shipping capacity serving the island of Ireland stands at
4m trailer and container (FEU) units. In the Irish market 23 different operators serve a total of 70 different
routes and provide nearly 350 port calls per week using nine Irish ports.
Responding to tenders
In Ireland tender notices on government and public sector procurement across Ireland are published at
www.etenders.gov.ie.
Projects which are considered to be an opportunity for UK companies will be published on the UKTI portal
under the “Business Opportunities” section. Companies can sign up to receive tailored alerts about these
opportunities at www.fco.gov.uk/ireland.
Standards and Technical Regulation
The National Standards Authority of Ireland (NSAI) is Ireland’s official standards body, www.nsai.ie. They are
the national certification authority for CE Marking and provide a certification service to enable businesses to
demonstrate that Irish goods and services conform to applicable standards in the following areas:
 Quality Management Schemes
 Product Certification
 Medical Devices
 Transport
The Irish Patents Office is responsible for granting Patents and registering Trade Marks and Designs and the
administration and maintenance of industrial property rights including Intellectual Property,
www.patentsoffice.ie.
The Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI) is the organisation responsible for ensuring that food produced,
distributed or marketed in Ireland meets the highest standards of food safety and hygiene reasonably available
and to ensure that food complies with legal requirements, or where appropriate with recognised codes of good
practice, www.fsai.ie. Most of the legislation is covered by European Union (EU) regulations. Food supplements
marketed for the first time in Ireland must be notified to the FSAI.
The Department of Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation, www.djei.ie, contains information on product labelling. The
FSAI website also sets out labelling requirements for food and drink products.
Environmental regulations
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (www.epa.ie) is the government agency responsible for monitoring
and licensing industrial activities. Irish environmental laws closely follow EU Directives. There are charges for
disposing of batteries and electrical material and a levy is charged on the supply of plastic bags.
All producers that place packaging on the Irish market must segregate the packaging waste arising on their
own premises into specified waste streams and have it collected by authorised operators for recycling.
Producers who have an annual turnover in excess of €1 million and who place more than 25 tonnes of
packaging on the Irish market, have additional responsibilities with regard to the recovery of packaging waste
from their customers.
Communications
The Irish telecommunications market is fully de-regulated. Currently, there are approximately 15
telecommunications companies servicing the market.
There are six mobile operators in the Irish market and all of them are providing 3G and mobile broadband
services. Broadband has moved from being provided at 20mb/s and 24mb/s to up to 150mb/s with fibre
broadband in many urban areas. 4G was released by eircom in September 2013 with other networks to also roll
out in the coming months.
Documents in electronic format and paper-based documents (softcopy and hardcopy) are considered to be the
same under Irish law. Provision is made for voluntary accreditation and supervision for those who issue
electronic signatures.
Business Etiquette, Language and Culture
The Irish business culture places great importance on face-to-face contact. Irish business people are generous
with information and are particularly appreciative of foreign business people who take the time and effort to
visit Ireland.
The Irish are shrewd negotiators; they often have a self deprecating sense of humour with a leaning towards
irony. Communication is generally informal but manners are extremely important. In a survey 26% of business
men said they would move their business elsewhere were they on the receiving end of bad manners, the top
three bugbears were; bad language, interrupting meetings by taking phone calls and taking too much alcohol.
Meetings should commence with a period of small talk – this is when the rapport is built and is as crucial as
later discussions. It is advisable to have some knowledge of recent national news or sports prior to the meeting.
What are the challenges?
As a member of the European Union, with a shared language and an age old trading partner of the UK, Ireland
does not present major challenges to UK companies wishing to develop trade.
Getting Paid – Terms of Payment
There is legislation in place in Irish law to ensure timely payment. Please refer to the Department of Jobs,
Enterprise and Innovation, www.djei/ie/, for detailed information on payment terms. From the 1st January 2013
the late payment interest rate is 7.75% per annum (based on the ECB rate of 0.5% plus the margin of 8%).
That rate equates to a daily rate of 0.021%. Penalty interest due for late payments should be calculated on a
daily basis. EU Directive 2011/7/EU on late payments was brought into effect in March 2013.
Payment methods vary – cheques are still widely used, although Direct Debit Mandates or BACS are becoming
more prevalent. Standard Payment Terms are usually 30 days, however average payment days currently stand
at 62 days.
Before trading with a new company it is possible to use credit management to provide a credit report which will
provide an indication of a company’s payment habits and financial situation before you deal with them.
UK Export Finance is the UK’s export credit agency and provides a range of products and services to UK
exporters see www.ukexportfinance.gov.uk for more information.
How to Invest in Ireland
Ireland’s inward investment promotion agency is IDA Ireland www.idaireland.com . The IDA offers a range of
services and incentives, including funding and grants, to those considering foreign direct investment in Ireland,
to both new and existing investors. The focus of the IDA is on securing investment in the areas of High End
Manufacturing, Global Services and Research, Development and Innovation. The IDA continues to work with
investors once in Ireland to encourage and assist in expanding and developing their businesses. In addition
Connect Ireland www.connectireland.com is responsible for attracting and assisting SMEs in the Irish market.
In particular key sectors targeted include:
 Life Sciences (Pharmaceutical, Biopharmaceutical and Medical Technologies)
 Information Communications Technology (ICT)
 Engineering
 Professional Services
 Digital Media
 Consumer Brands
 International Services
 Clean Technology
 Convergence and Services Innovation.
According to Unctad figures – Ireland saw negative inflows of FDI for a number of years, however this has been
positive since 2009 and the reported figure for 2012 is an inflow of $29.3bn and outflow of $19bn.
Major UK investors include: Boots, HSBC, Barclays, Tesco, Experian, Diageo, GlaxoSmithKline, Unilever ,
Scottish & Southern Energy, , Aviva, Standard Life and Marks & Spencers.
Contacts
If you have a specific export enquiry about the Irish
market which is not answered by the information on
this report, you may contact:
UK Trade & Investment Enquiry Service
Tel: +44 (0)20 7215 5000
Fax: +44 (0)141 228 3693
Email: enquiries@ukti.gsi.gov.uk
You will be signposted to the appropriate section on
our website, or transferred at local call rate directly to
the British Embassy in Ireland.
UK Trade & Investment Ireland
British Embassy
29 Merrion Road
Ballsbridge
Dublin 4
Tel: 00353 1 205 3755
Rebecca Wardell (Head of Trade)
00353 1 205 3763
rebecca.wardell@fco.gov.uk
Paul Caplis (Head of Investment)
00353 1 205 3762
paul.caplis@fco.gov.uk
Pete McWilliams (Investment Advisor)
00353 1 205 3754
pete.mcwilliams@fco.gov.uk
Vicki Caplin (Trade Advisor and Events Coordinator)
00353 1 205 3757
vicki.caplin@fco.gov.uk
Gavin Davidson (Trade Advisor)
00353 1 205 3759
gavin.davidson@fco.gov.uk
Conor Kenny (Trade Advisor)
00353 1 205 3759
conor.kenny@fco.gov.uk
Other useful contacts
British Irish Chamber of Commerce
3rd Floor
Newmount House
22-24 Lower Mount Street
Dublin 2
Tel: 00353 1 400 43 22
Email: info@britishchamber.com
www.britishirishchamber.com
Chambers Ireland
17 Merrion Square
Dublin 2
Tel: 00353 1 400 4300
Email: info@chambers.ie
www.chambers.ie
Cork Chamber of Commerce
Fitzgerald House
Summerhill North
Cork
Tel: 00353 21 450 9044
Email: info@corkchamber.ie
www.corkchamber.ie
Dublin Chamber of Commerce
7 Clare Street
Dublin 2
Tel: 00353 1 644 7200
Email: reception@dublinchamber.ie
www.dublinchamber.ie
Galway Chamber of Commerce
Commerce House
Merchant’s Road
Galway
Tel: 00353 91 563536
Email: info@galwaychamber.com
www.galwaychamber.com
IDA Ireland
Wilton Park House
Wilton Place
Dublin 2
Tel: 00353 1 603 4000
www.idaireland.com
Irish Business and Employers Confederation
(IBEC)
Confederation House
84-86 Lower Baggot Street
Dublin 2
Tel: 00353 1 605 1500
www.ibec.ie
Irish Small and Medium Enterprises Association
(ISME)
17 Kildare Street
Dublin 2
Tel: 00353 1 662 2755
www.isme.ie
Revenue Commissioners
Customs Division
Support Branch
Government Offices
Nenagh
Co Tipperary
Tel: 00353 67 63400
www.revenue.ie
VAT Refunds
River House
Charlotte’s Quay
Limerick
Registered persons
Tel: 00353 61 212700
Email: regvat@revenue.ie
Unregistered or foreign traders
Tel: 00353 61 212799
Email: unregvat@revenue.ie
www.revenue.ie
UK Trade & Investment can help you make the most
of these opportunities and help you plan your
approach to the market. You can find out more about
the range of services available to UK companies
trading internationally through your local International
Trade Team.
We hope that you have found this guide useful. For
further information, please contact your International
Trade Adviser or one of the UKTI team in Ireland.
Resources/Useful Links
Country Information:
BBC Website:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/country_profiles/default.stm
FCO travel advice:
https://www.gov.uk/foreign-travel-advice
Culture and communications:
CILT – National Centre for Languages - Regional Language Network in
your area:
http://www.cilt.org.uk/workplace/employer_support/in_your_area.aspx
Kwintessential culture guides:
http://www.kwintessential.co.uk
Customs & Regulations:
SOLVIT
https://www.gov.uk/uk-single-market-centre
HM Revenue & Customs:
www.hmrc.gov.uk
Export Control
Export Control Organisation:
https://www.gov.uk/beginners-guide-to-export-controls
Export Finance
UK Export Finance
http://www.ukexportfinance.gov.uk
Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property Office:
www.ipo.gov.uk
UK Trade Tariff
https://www.gov.uk/trade-tariff
Standard and Technical Regulations:
British Standards Institution (BSI):
http://www.bsigroup.com/en/sectorsandservices/Disciplines/ImportExport/
Trade Statistics:
National Statistics Information:
http://www.statistics.gov.uk/hub/index.html
UK Trade Info:
https://www.uktradeinfo.com/Pages/Home.aspx
Travel
FCO Travel:
http://www.fco.gov.uk/en/travel-and-living-abroad/
NHS:
http://www.nhs.uk/nhsengland/Healthcareabroad/
Travel health:
http://www.travelhealth.co.uk/
GOV.UK: International Trade
GOV.UK’s International Trade pages provide an overview of export basics including
licensing, customs procedures, classifying and movement of goods, other regulatory
information and export paperwork issues. It also introduces exporters to the UK Trade
Tariff.
Essential reading for exporters!
Find out more at: https://www.gov.uk/browse/business/imports-exports
Produced by the UKTI Team in Ireland
Contact: Rebecca Wardell
Email: Rebecca.wardell@fco.gov.uk
Last Updated: September 2013
©Crown Copyright 2013
You may reuse this information (not including logos, images and case studies) free of charge in any format or medium, under
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psi@nationalarchives.gsi.gov.uk. This publication is also available from our website at www.ukti.gov.uk or for more
information please telephone +44 (0)20 7215 5000.