DPNS 63:2001
FINAL DRAFT
As of 03 April 2002
Blended hydraulic cements – Specification
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD
DPNS 63:2001
Foreword
This Philippine National Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cement was
revised by the Bureau of Product Standards and its Technical Committee on Cement and
Lime (BPS/TC 3).
This standard was first published in 19___ by the former Product Standards Agency,
revised in 1987 to include the general requirements for Type 1P pozzolan cement for use
in general construction and was amended twice in 1988 and 1989 to incorporate necessary
provisions appropriate for the period mentioned.
This second revision introduced the following changes;
1.
The replacement of the title from Specification of Pozzolan Cement to
Specifications of Blended Hydraulic Cements.
2.
The addition of Blended hydraulic cement in the definition.
3.
The addition of the word portland to pozzolan cement to become portlandpozzolan cement.
4.
The inclusion of Materials and Manufacture to replace clause 5 title, additions.
5.
The limit for lost – on – ignition (LOI) has been changed from 8.0% by mass
maximum to 10.0% by mass maximum to enable the use of indigenous material.
6.
The air content is now classified as optional physical requirement which must be
satisfied when specifically required.
7.
The transfer of the optional physical requirement to Table 3.
8.
The inclusion of other net quantities in clause 10 provided they meet the
requirements of either 11.1 & 11.2 of this standard.
9.
The changing of color of three bonds from yellow to green.
10.
Addition of shipping information for cement shipped in bulk as specified in 11.3
of this standard.
11.
Inclusion of the product quality mark for local brands and batch identification
number for imported cement in the package marking.
12.
The use of labeling stickers for imported cement to identify manufacturer (name
and address) importer (name & address) and import commodity clearance (ICC)
number of the particular shipment.
13.
Inclusion of no. 200 (75 micron) sieve pozzolan fineness and moisture content for
testing or verification purposes in Table A – 1 of Annex A.
14.
The addition of 5 days in the period for completion of testing and the reduction
from 3 mass % to 2 mass % of the tolerable limit of the total content below the
mass marked at the cement bag in Annex B.
15.
Addition of Annex C, The procedure for the Pozzolanic Activity Index test with
portland.
In the preparation of this standard, ASTM C 595 – 00, the American Society for Testing
and Materials Standard specifications for Blended Cement was considered.
FINAL DRAFT
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD
Blended hydraulic cements – Specification
1
DPNS 63:2001
Scope
This standard specifies the requirements for blended hydraulic cements for use in general
concrete construction.
2
References
The title of the standards publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside
back cover.
3
Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, related terms defined in PNS 37 and the following
definitions shall apply:
3.1
blended hydraulic cement
a hydraulic cement consisting of two or more inorganic constituents (at least one of which
is not portland cement or portland cement clinker) which separately or in combination
contribute to the strength-gaining properties of the cement, (made with or without other
constituents, processing additions and functional additions, by intergrinding or other
blending processes).
3.2
portland-pozzolan cement
a hydraulic cement consisting of an intimate and uniform blend of portland cement and
fine pozzolan produced by:
3.2.1 intergrinding portland cement clinker, gypsum and pozzolan or;
3.2.2 blending portland cement and finely divided pozzolan or;
3.2.3 combination of intergrinding and blending;
in which the pozzolan constituent is less than 25 mass % of portland-pozzolan cement
when for general concrete construction and more than 25 mass % of portland–pozzolan
cement when higher strengths at early ages are not required.
3.3
pozzolan
a siliceous or siliceous and aluminous material, which in itself possesses little or no
cementitious value but which will in finely divided form and in the presence of moisture,
chemically react with calcium hydroxide at ordinary temperature to form compounds
possessing cementitious properties.
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DPNS 63:2001
4
Classification
Blended hydraulic cements shall be of the following types:
4.1
Type P - Portland-pozzolan cement for use in concrete construction where high
strengths at early ages are not required.
4.2
Type IP - Portland-pozzolan cement for use in general construction.
5.
Materials and manufacture
5.1
Portland cement - For purpose of this specification, portland cement meeting the
requirements of specification PNS 07 is suitable Portland cement or other hydraulic
materials, or both, containing high free lime maybe used as long as the autoclave test
limits for the blended cement are met.
5.2
Portland cement clinker - Portland cement clinker shall be partially fused clinker
consisting primarily of hydraulic calcium silicates.
5.3
Portland-pozzolan cement - Please see definition.
5.4
Pozzolan - Please see definition.
5.5
When processing additions are used in the manufacture of cement, they shall have
been shown to meet the requirements of specification PNS 36 in the amount used.
5.6
When functional additions are used, they shall have been shown to meet the
requirements of specification PNS ___ when tested with the cement to be used, in the
amount used.
5.7
Other additions - The cement covered by this specification shall contain no
additions except as provided for above except that water or calcium sulfate or both, may
be added in amounts so that the limits shown in Table 1 for sulfate reported as SO3 and
loss on ignition are not exceeded.
NOTE 1 The calcium sulfate is gypsum or anhydrite or both.
6
Chemical requirements
6.1
Blended hydraulic cements shall conform to the applicable chemical requirements
prescribed in table 1 when tested in accordance with PNS 693/ASTM C114.
Table 1 - Chemical requirements
Chemical composition
Percent by mass, max.
Magnesium oxide ( MgO )
Sulfur trioxide
( SO3 )
Loss on Ignition
( LOI )
5.0
4.0
10.0
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DPNS 63:2001
6.2
At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall state in writing the amount
and composition of the essential constituents used in the manufacture of the finished
cement and the composition of the blended cement purchased.
6.3
If the purchaser has requested the manufacturer to state in writing the composition
of the blended cement purchased, the composition furnished shall conform within the
following tolerances:
6.3.1 Silicon dioxide
6.3.2 Aluminum oxide
6.3.3 Calcium oxide
( SiO2 )
( Al2O3 )
( CaO )
:
:
:
+ 3%
+ 2%
+ 3%
NOTE 2 This means that if the manufacturer’s statement of the composition says “SiO2:
32 %” , the cement when analyzed, shall be found to contain between 29 and 35% SiO2.
6.4
The manufacturer shall also state in writing that the amount of pozzolan in the
finished cement will not vary more than +5 mass % of the finished cement from lot to lot
or within a lot.
7
Physical requirements
Blended hydraulic cements of the types specified, and pozzolan material shall conform to
the applicable physical requirements prescribed in table 2 and annex A respectively.
Table 2 - Physical requirements
Physical requirements
Fineness (Blaine method),
m2/kg, minimum
Autoclave expansion or
contraction, %, maximum
Time of Setting, Vicat test
Initial set, hr-min, minimum
Final set, hr-min, maximum
Compressive strength, MPa
(psi), minimum
3 days
7 days
28 days
Limits
Method of test
P
280
IP
280
PNS 700/ASTM C 204
0.50
0.50
PNS 701/ASTM C 151
00 – 45’
70 – 00’
00 – 45’
70 – 00’
PNS 703/ASTM C 191
PNS 704/ASTM C 109
10.3
(1500 psi)
20.7
(3000 psi)
3
12.4
(1800 psi)
19.3
(2800 psi)
24.1
(3500 psi)
FINAL DRAFT
DPNS 63:2001
Table 3 - Optional physical requirements – These optional requirements shall apply
only when specifically requested.
Optional physical requirements
Air content of mortar, a )
volume %, maximum
Heat of hydration, b ) kJ/kg,
maximum
7 days
28 days
Limits
P
12
Method of test
IP
12
PNS 694/ASTM C 186
251
293
293
335
Mortar expansion, c ) % maximum
14 days
8 weeks
0.02
0.060
0.02
0.06
Drying shrinkage, d ) % maximum
0.15
0.15
a)
b)
c)
d)
8
PNS 698/ASTM C 185
PNS ___/ASTM C 227
Annex A
The air content is an optional requirement for countries with tropical climate.
Heat of hydration is an optional requirement and maybe performed at the
request of the purchaser.
The test for mortar expansion is an optional requirement to be applied only
at the purchaser’s request and should not be requested unless the cement will
be used with alkali-reactive aggregates.
Drying shrinkage should be conducted at the request of the purchaser
Sampling
Blended hydraulic cement shall be sampled in accordance with PNS 695/ASTM C 183
and inspected in accordance with Annex B.
9
Test methods
Blended hydraulic cements of the specified types and pozzolan material shall be tested in
accordance with the method of tests listed in table 2 - Physical requirements, table 3 Optional physical requirements and annex A – Pozzolan for use in blended cement and
annex C - Pozzolanic activity index with portland cement procedure respectively.
10
Packaging
Each type of portland–pozzolan cement may be shipped in bags or in bulk. If bags are
used, it shall be packed in net quantities of 40 kilograms, 50 kilograms or any other net
quantities conforming with either 11.1 or 11.2 of this standard.
4
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DPNS 63:2001
11
Marking
11.1 Each package of portland-pozzolan cement, type P or type 1P shall be
conspicuously marked in at least one face with the following:
11.1.1 Name and address of manufacturer
11.1.2 Type of blended hydraulic cement:
11.1.2.1 Type – P : Portland–pozzolan cement. For use in construction where high
strengths at early ages are not required.
11.1.2.1 Type – IP: Portland-pozzolan cement. For use in general concrete
constructions.
11.1.3 Trade name or brand name
11.1.4 Trademark of the manufacturer
11.1.5 Net mass of cement in kg
11.1.6 The word “Product of the Philippines”
11.1.7 Product quality mark
11.1.8 Green color band(s) with dimensions as shown below.
8 cm
8 cm
8 cm
3 Mustard
Yellow Stripes
GREEN
NBN
( 2 cm wide, 1 cm
apart )
Figure 1 - Type – P
Figure 2 - Type - IP
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DPNS 63:2001
11.2 Each package of imported portland-pozzolan cement shall be marked and labeled
in at least one face with the following:
11.2.1 The name, address of manufacturer and importer and the import commodity
clearance (ICC) number of the particular shipment
11.2.2 Type of blended hydraulic cement:
11.2.2.1 Type – P : Portland–pozzolan cement. For use in construction where high
strengths at early ages are not required.
11.2.2.2 Type – 1P: Portland-pozzolan cement. For use in general concrete constructions.
11.2.3 Trade name or brand name
11.2.4 Trademark of the manufacturer
11.2.5 Net mass of cement in kg
11.2.6 The country of manufacture
11.2.7 The batch identification number
11.2.8 Green color band(s) with dimensions as shown in 11.1.8 of this standard.
11.3 Each shipment in bulk shall be accompanied by a shipping document containing
the following information:
11.3.1 Name, address of manufacturer and/or importer
11.3.2 Bulk carrier
11.3.3 Type of blended hydraulic cement:
11.3.3.1 Type – P : Portland–pozzolan cement. For use in construction where high
strengths at early ages are not required.
11.3.3.2 Type – 1P: Portland-pozzolan cement.
For use in general concrete
constructions.
11.3.4 Trade name or brand name
11.3.5 Trademark of the manufacturer
11.3.6 Net mass of cement in kg or in ton
11.3.7 The word “Product of the Philippines” or country of manufacture if imported.
12
Storage
The cement shall be stored in such a manner as to permit easy access for proper
inspection and identification of each shipment and in a suitable weathertight building that
will protect the cement from dampness and minimize warehouse set.
6
FINAL DRAFT
DPNS 63:2001
Annex A
Pozzolan for use in blended cement
A.1
Pozzolan that is to be blended with finished portland cement to produce pozzolan
cement shall be tested in the same state of subdivision as that in which it is to be blended.
It shall conform to the fineness requirement and at least one of the alternative pozzolanic
strength requirements of table A1. Pozzolan that is to be interground with portland
cement clinker in the production of portland-pozzolan cement and that does not meet the
fineness requirements of table A-1 may, before testing for conformance with the fineness
requirement and the strength requirements of table A-1, be ground in the laboratory to a
fineness not exceeding that at which it is believed to be present in the finished cement. It
is the manufacturer’s responsibility to decide on the fineness at which the testing is to be
carried out, and when requested to do so by a purchaser to report the information upon
which the decision was based.
Table A-1 - Physical requirements for pozzolan for use in blended cement
Requirement
Limit
Method of test
Pozzolan fineness a):
1. Amount retained when wet sieved on
45 um (No. 325) Sieve, %, maximum
2. Amount retained when wet sieved on
75 um (No. 200) Sieve, %, maximum
20.0
PNS ___/ASTM C 430
00.0
PNS ___/ASTM C 786
Moisture content,a) % maximum
1.0
PNS ___/ASTM C 311
Pozzolan activity index test:
with portland cement, % minimum
75
PNS ___/ASTM C 311
a)
For testing or verification purposes
A.2
For sampling and testing pozzolan, one (2.0 kg) sample shall be taken from
approximately each 400 metric tons of pozzolan. Test method PNS __/ASTM C 311.
A.3
Drying Shrinkage - PNS/ASTM Method C 157. Make three specimens, using the
proportion of dry materials of: 1 part of cement to 2.75 parts of ASTM Method graded
Ottawa sand. Use a curing period of 6 days and an air storage period of 28 days. Report
the linear contraction during air storage based on an initial measurement after the 6-day
water-curing period. This shall be conducted at the request of the purchaser.
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DPNS 63:2001
Annex B
Inspection and rejection
B.1
Inspection
Every facility shall be provided to the purchaser by the supplier/manufacturer for careful
inspection and sampling of the finished cement and the essential constituents used in its
production. The finished cement may be inspected and sampled at the mill or at any
distribution site controlled by the manufacturer or at the site of the work, as agreed by the
purchaser and seller. The following periods from time of sampling shall be allowed for
completion of testing:
3-day
7-day
14-day
28-day
8-week
B.2
test
test
test
test
test
13 days
17 days
24 days
38 days
66 days
Rejection
B.2.1 The cement shall be rejected if it fails to meet any of the requirements of this
specification.
B.2.2 Cement remaining in bulk storage at the works prior to shipment, for a period
greater than six months after completion of the tests shall be retested and shall be rejected
if it fails to conform to any of the requirements of this specification.
B.2.3 Packages weighing 2 % less than the mass marked thereon shall be rejected; and if
the average ass of the packages in any shipment, as shown by weighing 50 packages
taken at random, is less than that marked on the packages, the entire shipment shall be
rejected.
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DPNS 63:2001
Annex C
Pozzolanic activity index with portland cement procedure
C.1
Specimen preparation
C.1.1 Mold, cure, and test the specimens from a control mix and from a test mix in
accordance with Method C 109/C 109M. The portland cement used in the control mix
shall meet the requirements of Specification C 150, and shall be the type, and if available,
the brand of cement to be used in the work. In the test mix, replace 35 % of the absolute
volume of the amount of cement used in the control mix by an equal absolute volume of
the test sample. Make three-cube batches as follows:
C.1.1.1
Control mix:
250 g of Portland Cement
687.5 g of graded Ottawa sand
X ml of water required for flow of 100 to 115
C1.1.2
Test mix:
162.5 g Portland cement
687.5 g graded Ottawa sand
87.5 x specific gravity of sample / specific gravity of portland cement,
grams of sample
Y ml of water required for flow of 100 to 115
C.2
Storage of specimens
C.2.1 After molding, place the specimens and molds (on the base plates) in the moist
room or cabinet at 23 + 1.7 deg C for 20 to 24 h. While in the moist room or cabinet,
protect the surface from dripping water. Remove the molds from the moist room or
cabinet and remove the cubes from the molds. Place the cubes in close-fitting metal or
glass containers (Note C1.1), seal the containers airtight, and store at 38 + 1.7 deg C for 27
days. Allow the specimens to cool to 23 + 1.7 deg C before testing.
NOTE C.1.1 Use any metal or glass container having a capacity of three cubes if it can be
sealed airtight by an appropriate sealing method. Containers of light-tinned sheet metal
with inside dimensions of 52 mm by 52 mm by 160 mm have been found to be
satisfactory. Wide-mouth Mason jars of 1-L capacity have been found to be satisfactory,
provided care is taken to prevent breakage.
C.3
Compressive strength test
C.3.1 Determine the compressive strength test of the three specimens of the control mix
and of the test mix at an age of 28 days in accordance with Test Method C 109/ C109M.
9
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DPNS 63:2001
C.4
C.4.1
Calculation
Calculate the pozzolanic activity index (PAI) with portland cement as follows:
PAI with portland cement = ( A / B ) x 100
where :
A is the average compressive strength of test mix cubes, MPa ; and
B is the average compressive strength of control mix cubes, Mpa.
C.5
Precision and Bias
C.5.1 Precision - Single operator precision, on blended cements using fly ash is
essentially the same as on fly ash / cement blends in Research Report C09-1001 and it was
found to have 3.8 % coefficient of variation (1s %). This indicates that results of two
properly conducted tests by the same operator should not differ by more than 10.7 % (d2s)
of the average of two results. Since the test is performed solely for the purpose of
manufacturer certification of raw material quality, no multilaboratory precision is
applicable.
C.5.2 Bias - Since there are no standard reference materials, bias cannot be
determined.
10
References
PNS 63:2001
The following standards contain provisions, which through reference in the text form part
of this national standard. At the time of publication of this PNS, the editions indicated
were valid:
PNS 36:2001/ASTM C465 – 99, Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the
Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements
PNS 37:2001/ASTM C219 - 99a, Standard Definition of Terms Relating to Hydraulic
Cement
PNS 270:2001, Multi-wall sacks for cement - Specification
PNS 693:2001/ASTM C114 – 99, Standard Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
Cement
PNS 694:2001/ASTM C186 – 98, Standard Test Method for Heat of Hydration of
Hydraulic Cement
PNS 695:2001/ASTM C183 – 97, Standard Methods of Sampling of Hydraulic Cement
PNS 698:2001/ASTM C185 – 99, Standard Test Method for Air-Content of Hydraulic
Cement Mortar
PNS 700:2001/ASTM C 204 – 96a, Standard Test Method for Fineness of Portland
Cement by Air Permeability Apparatus
PNS 701:2001/ASTM C151 - 98a, Standard Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of
Portland Cement
PNS 703:2001/ASTM C191 – 99, Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic
Cement by Vicat Needle
PNS 704:2001/ASTM C109 – C109M – 99, Standard Test Method for Compressive
Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [ 50-mm ] Cube Specimens)
PNS ___: 2001/ASTM C430 – 96, Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the
No. 325 (45 micron) Sieve
PNS ___:2001/ASTM C688 – 96, Specification for Functional Additions for Use in the
Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements
PNS ___:2001/ASTM C227 – 97a, Standard Test Method for potential Alkali Reactivity
of Cement Aggregate Combinations (Mortar Bar Method)
PNS ___:2001/ASTM C157 / C157M – 99, Standard Test Method for Length Change of
Hardened Cement Mortar and Concrete
PNS ___ :2001/ASTM C311 – 98b, Standard Method of Sampling and Testing Fly Ash
or Natural Pozzolans for Use as a Mineral Admixture in Portland Cement Concrete
Abbreviations:
PNS - Philippine National Standard
ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials