Global Interdependence Written July 1, 2007 by Jeremy Forgione and Alden Paye Farmington Public Schools Grade Six Social Studies Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 1 Table of Contents Unit Summary Page 3 Stage One: Standards Stage One identifies the desired results of the unit including the broad understandings, the unit outcome statement and essential questions that focus the unit, and the necessary knowledge and skills. The Understanding by Design Handbook, 1999 Pages 4-6 Stage Two: Assessment Package Stage Two determines the acceptable evidence that students have acquired the understandings, knowledge and skills identified in Stage One. Pages 7-8 Stage Three: Curriculum and Instruction Stage Three helps teachers plan learning experiences and instruction that aligns with Stage One and enables students to be successful in Stage two. Planning and lesson options are given, however teachers are encouraged to customize this stage to their own students, maintaining alignment with Stages One and Two. Pages 9-21 Appendices 22-End Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 2 Unit Summary This eight-week grade 6 social studies unit on Global Interdependence is designed for use with a heterogeneous class of students. The unit focuses on the increasing interconnectedness of the world, and how individuals, groups, and nations adapt to such changes. It is the first unit of the year, and is followed by subsequent units on Latin America and Africa. Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 3 Stage One: Essential Understandings and Content Standards SS Essential Understanding #6 - Global and Community Interdependence All people are mutually dependent, joined by economic, social, cultural and civic concerns, as a part of a global community. Content Standards: 6.3 list and explain the positive and negative consequences of global interdependence 6.4 identify and explain their responsibilities as global citizens and how individual behaviors connect with global concerns 6.5 describe examples of global interdependence 6.6 understand how global interdependence can improve the lives of people around the world 6.7 identify and describe the roles of international and multinational organizations SS Essential Understanding #10 – Economic Decision-Making The use and distribution of economic resources structures group, national, and international relationships. Content Standards 10.6 describe the influence of economic incentives on individual and national decisions in past and present times 10.8 understand the role of supply and demand, price and profit in determining what is produced and distributed in a market economy Technology Essential Understandings and Content Standards #1 – Information Accessing Information skills and strategies are necessary to effectively locate and use resources for solving problems, conducting research, and pursuing personal interests. The students will… 1.64 demonstrate ability to extract and record information relevant to their defined information need. 1.65 demonstrate ability to summarize and paraphrase important facts and details. 1.66 use established criteria to judge relevance and completeness of extracted information with respect to their defined information need. #4 – Responsible Information Use The responsible student will demonstrate legal use of information resources, computers or other technologies, recognizing the attendant social, economic, and ethical issues. The students will… 4.64 identify the sources used and the essential parts of a bibliographic entry. Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 4 Unit Outcome Statement As a result of this unit, students will discover the different ways that nations, groups, and individuals are globally connected through examination of environmental, economic, human rights, and security issues. By reading and analyzing current events, participating in simulations, interactive learning experiences, and research of global organizations, students will recognize their potential as global citizens to help shape the future of our world. Essential Questions 1. What does global citizenship look like? 2. As the world becomes more interconnected, what challenges arise? How are people responding to these challenges? Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 5 Knowledge and Skills The Knowledge and Skills section includes the key facts, concepts, principles, skills, and processes called for by the content standards and needed by students to reach desired understandings. The Understanding by Design Handbook, 1999 Knowledge Gain an awareness of the continents and key countries of the world Learn essential map-reading skills (cardinal directions, latitude and longitude, legend and scale, and key geographic terms) Understand the distinction and uses for various types of maps (political, physical, thematic) Connect classroom community building to the role of diversity in a global community Recognize our dependence from sources around the world for goods, ideas, and services Recognize the inequity regarding the distribution of wealth, land, and resources throughout the world Gain an understanding of global issues (environment, human rights, economy, culture, and law enforcement/defense) Understand some positive and negative consequences of global interdependence Examine how people are responding to global challenges Understand the role of supply and demand in a global economy Appreciate the responsibilities of a consumer in a global society Understand how economic incentives influence the decisions of individuals, corporations, and governments Gain an awareness of global organizations and the work they’re doing to address people’s needs throughout the world Skills Use map-reading skills Interpret graphs/charts and extract relevant information Locate, organize and summarize information Identify main ideas and details in sections of a text Distinguish between essential and nonessential information to draw a conclusion Extract and/or record information relevant to defined information need Summarize and paraphrase important facts or details Synthesize information to develop a perspective Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 6 Stage Two: Assessment Package Authentic Performance Task Goal: Your goal is to convince HOW through a well researched and articulated grant proposal to fund your organization. Your grant proposal letter should show how the organization responds to significant global challenges and reflect your understanding of global citizenship. Role: You are a grant writer for your global organization. Your job is persuade the HOW Foundation that the work of your organization is important/essential/valid to the welfare of the global community. Audience: The Helping Our World (HOW) Foundation, an imaginary foundation that funds worthy global organizations. Situation: Your task is to research a global organization, learn about its mission and goals, and find specific examples of how it benefits the global community. Performance: Once your research is complete, you will write a grant proposal letter to the “Helping Our World” Foundation demonstrating the importance of your organization’s work. Standards and Criteria for Success: 6.4 identify and explain their responsibilities as global citizens and how individual behaviors connect with global concerns. 6.5 describe examples of global interdependence. 6.6 understand how global interdependence can improve the lives of people around the world. 6.7 identify and describe the roles of international and multinational organizations. Criteria for Grading: “Global Organization Research Packet Rubric” o Identify important goals o Cite examples that support the organization’s mission o Explain how these goals benefit the global community “Grant Proposal Letter Rubric” o Demonstrate an understanding of organization’s purpose o Show how organization benefits global community with specific examples o Explain why this work is important to fund Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 7 Tests, Quizzes, and Other Quick and Ongoing Checks for Understanding Map Skills: Room Map World Map Quiz Week One reflection International Inspirer Reflection Thematic Map of your Own Latitude, Longitude, and Map-Reading Quiz Global Issues: “ME” Bag Home Hunt Graph Big Picture Small World Reflection Global Issues Vocabulary Cards Global Issues News Article Responses Our Place in the Global Community, Takes 1 and 2 “Make a Difference” Fair Trade/Role of Consumer Dialogue Activity “Hard at Work” Child Labor Debate Global Population and Resources Reflection 3-2-1 “Rx for Survival: Disease Warriors” Response Library Research/Grant Proposal Letter: Global Organization Research Peer Feedback Form Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 8 Stage Three: Learning Experiences and Instruction Topic: Map Skills Duration: 2 Weeks Guiding Questions: Suggested Sequence of Learning Experiences and Instruction: How will learning how to read a map help you to better understand our world? Day 1: “The World as You Know It” Hook/Pre-Test Students draw a map of the world based on prior knowledge, then answer questions about world geography to see what they know prior to the unit. What are the key features of a map? How and when might you use maps? How do latitude and longitude help us to locate places on the globe? How will knowing about the different types of maps help us to find and access key information? How are thematic maps similar and different to political and physical maps? How might International Inspirer help us to gain a better understanding of the world we live in and the challenges that we face? Share actual world map and compare to their drawings Distribute Essential Questions and discuss “big ideas” that will be explored in the unit Day 2: Finding Your Way: Using Maps and Globes 20-minute video (with emphasis on the following geographic terms: cardinal directions, key, legend, compass rose) “Using a Compass Rose” Check for Understanding worksheet For HW, students design a map of their room, using a legend and key (possible extension: also draw the map to scale). A student sample is included in the appendix Day 3: Students share the maps of their rooms they designed for HW. Introduce the concept of scale. Use mapquest.com to show scale. Begin with a view of the world and zoom in, highlighting the change in scale as the area shown gets smaller and smaller, down to a Farmington neighborhood and street. HW: Complete “Scale: Small-scale vs. Large-scale” worksheet Day 4: Latitude/Longitude and Hemispheres Review Scale HW Introduce hemispheres and complete accompanying worksheet Introduce the concept of latitude/longitude and give students practice sheets to complete using Rand McNally atlases HW: Complete latitude/longitude worksheets Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 9 Day 5: Latitude/Longitude, World Map Quiz Review Latitude/Longitude HW World Map Quiz Index Card Reflection: 1. How will a better awareness of world geography and map skills help our study of global interdependence? 2. What’s the most important thing you learned this week? 3. Is there something we’ve done this week that you’re still unsure about (or need more practice with)? Day 6: Types of Maps (Political, Physical, Thematic) Hook: What kinds of things can maps show? Have them reference maps/atlases available in the room with a partner and brainstorm possible answers. Compile a list on the board as a class of all the different kinds of information that maps show. Ask the class to sort the list into three categories, coming up with a name for each. Introduce the actual names (political, physical, thematic) and compare with their names. Begin working on political, physical, and thematic atlas practice worksheets. Day 7: Types of Maps (Political, Physical, Thematic) Continue working on political, physical, and thematic atlas practice worksheets. Review answers to practice worksheets Introduce thematic map activity. Students will create a thematic map to reveal the hidden treasures/uses of a familiar location with a minimum of two characteristics in their key they will be mapping. Possible spaces: bedroom, house, neighborhood Possible uses: places to relax, have fun, avoid adults, shop, play with a pet, etc. HW: Complete thematic map by Day 10 and be prepared to share with the class Day 8-9: International Inspirer® Interactive Learning Game Students will work in groups to plan trips throughout the world in an attempt to accumulate resources and travel to countries containing specific resources. This activity will enable students to get a better understanding of the locations of countries throughout Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 10 the world and their key features/resources Reflection Activity: Brainstorm/3-Minute Essay Question: Now that you’ve been exposed to information and statistics about our world, what do you predict are some of the major global issues and challenges we’ll be investigating in our global interdependence unit? Day 10: Consolidating Map Skills Administer “Latitude, Longitude, and Map-Reading Quiz” Share Thematic Maps Whole-class conversation about the following question: 1. What are some of the different characteristics that people chose to highlight in their thematic maps? 2. How do these characteristics reveal the different uses of space? 3. What purposes can maps serve? Resources: Finding Your Way: Using Maps and Globes video Rand McNally Atlases International Inspirer® Mapquest.com Accompanying maps/worksheets Additional map video: Using Maps & Globes (26 minutes) Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 11 Topic: Global Issues Duration: 4 Weeks Guiding Questions: Suggested Sequence of Learning Experiences and Instruction: What unique talents and skills do individuals possess, and how does combining them make us a stronger community? Day 1: Introduce “ME” Bag Assignment Explain purpose of “ME” Bag – before we begin learning about the world around us and exploring global issues, it’s important we have an opportunity to get to know each other first. Connect idea of the benefits of diversity in the classroom to diversity in the global community. What goods, ideas, and services do we depend on other countries for? How would our lives be different if global interdependence did not exist? How do powerful statistics help to paint a picture of our world? What are the key issues facing our world? How are people responding to global issues and what more could be done? In a global community, what responsibility do we have to make the world a better place? How do goods get from the producer to the consumer? How do growers and producers feel about the concept of free trade vs. fair trade? What are the responsibilities of a global citizen from a consumer’s perspective? Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Distribute “ME” Bag guidelines and discuss. Teacher will model assignment by sharing his/her own personal “ME” bag with the class, explaining why the items in the bag represent who you are. HW: Finish “ME” Bag Day 2: “ME” Bag Presentations and Connections, Home Hunt As students share the contents of their bags with the class, other students record their feedback on the “ME Bag Connections” form. Introduce Home Hunt activity – students will find 20 items around their home that were made in other countries and record them on the “Home Hunt” worksheet Homework: “Home Hunt” Worksheet Day 3: Home Hunt, Self-Sufficiency Activity In small groups, students will graph their collective home hunt data on graph paper, grouping countries sharing the same continent side by side (a sample is attached). Have each group share their results, and as they do, use the pull-down world map to take notice of the location of these countries. Once all groups have shared, discuss the following key questions… Which countries do we rely on most? What kinds of goods do we import from certain countries or parts of the world? (Example: hightech items from Japan) Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 12 What challenges does child labor pose to the global community? How do economic costs and benefits influence the choices that nations, groups, and individuals make? What role does supply and demand play in the global community, and how does that impact what is produced and distributed? What are the implications of the distribution of land, population, and resources in our world? What can we learn from past efforts to address global health challenges? Which areas of the world we do not import many goods from? Why? (For example, why are there so few items from the continent of Africa?) Introduce Self-Sufficiency Activity – students will have to IMAGINE (not actually experience) what their life would be like if global interdependence did not exist. Homework: “Self-Sufficiency Activity” worksheet, explaining which items (many may come from their Home Hunt lists) they had to give up and how it impacted their lives. Day 4: Self-Sufficiency Debrief Discuss the results of the self-sufficiency activity. What did we have to sacrifice? How dependent are we on other countries for ideas, goods, and services? Now that we’ve explored how much we rely on other countries, have them turn to a partner and discuss ways in which other countries depend on the United States. What do we provide others with? (Here is a good opportunity to talk about not only goods, but also ideas and services – two other key components of global interdependence) Check for understanding: Each student will attempt to define the concept of global interdependence on an index card. Come up with a class definition of global interdependence (ex. All the ways in which people/countries depend on each other for ideas, goods, and services) Day 5: Big Picture Small World Students will watch a video clip on the bigpicturesmallworld website to familiarize themselves with powerful statistics about our world Before watching the movie, students will predict the answers to statistical questions, and then fill in the actual statistics as they’re watching the movie After the movie, they will complete Big Picture Small World Reflection Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 13 Day 6: Global Issues Vocabulary Cards Based on their Big Picture Small World Reflection and their own background knowledge, the class will compile a list of the most important problems and discuss their impact on the world today. Once the problems are on the board, in small groups students will attempt to sort the problems into categories (global issues). Introduce the issues that we’ll be exploring Environment – agriculture, pollution, natural resources, habitat Human Rights – education, health, justice Economy – trade, competition, wages Security – law enforcement, defense, conflict Point out that although culture is a very important issue as well, we will explore that concept in depth in future units Homework: Global Issues vocab cards due on Day 10 Day 7: Introduce Global Issues Current Event Articles Explain that over the next four days we will be looking at real-life examples relating to the global issue categories we’ve identified. Introduce “Environment” article (Where Have All The Bees Gone?). Read the article as a class, then model how to approach the “Global Issues News Article Response” that students will be completing for each article read over the next few days. Identifying problem and who needs help Identifying who is trying to help, or who needs to do something different to help Explain how solving this problem with help to make the world a better place By having opportunities to respond to these questions, students will be better prepared for their global organization research, which is structured similarly. Homework: Students will read the second environmental article (Meltdown!) and complete the response sheet. Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 14 Day 8: “Human Rights” Articles Review responses to last night’s article, making sure that students were able to clearly identify the problem, what is being done to help, and most importantly how solving the problem will make the world a better place. Introduce first “Human Rights” article (Focus on Education) and repeat yesterday’s process. Homework: Students will read the second human rights article (After the Waves) and complete the response sheet. Day 9: “Security” Articles Review responses to last night’s article. Introduce first “Security” article (North Korea Steps Out of Line) and repeat yesterday’s process. Homework: Students will read the second security article (The War Goes On) and complete the response sheet. Day 10: Wrap up Articles, Share Cards, “Our Place in the Global Community, Take 1” Review responses to last night’s article. Share Global Issues Vocabulary Cards. Check for Understanding: “Our Place in the Global Community, Take 1” – Students will respond to the following two “big idea” questions… How do these articles about global challenges show the different ways that people of our world are connected? What responsibilities do we have as global citizens? Recollect their responses to Take 1, as students will revisit these questions in two weeks time to see how their understanding has grown (Take 2) Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 15 Days 11 & 12: World Trade Simulations Goals of the activities are to help students see their role in the global chain from producer to consumer, and gain empathy for producers. Activity One: Put students in groups of three. Remind students of how we discovered in the home hunt activity that so many of our goods are produced in other countries. Explain that in the next activity they will think more about the different parties involved in getting products from field or factory to the consumer. Hand each group a bar of chocolate. Tell them that each student will now take on the role of one of the key parties in the production of the chocolate bar: cocoa farmer, chocolate company, or store owner. Once they have chosen their role, ask them to imagine that each chocolate bar costs $1. Their task will be to break the bar up so that each party receives the amount of chocolate equal to their percentage of money earned from the sale of the bar. (They should take off 6% of the chocolate bar for tax to begin with.) Before breaking up the bar, have each group consider and discuss the costs that each party incurs as part of the production of the chocolate. Possible costs to consider: Grower- land, supplies, etc. Chocolate company- distribution, factory, etc. Store owner – space for store, employees, etc. Then, based on their thinking, they should break the bar into the amount that they think each party deserves. Have groups share their results with the class and compare. Then share the actual statistics: Tax: 6% Chocolate Company: 51% Store Owner: 35% Grower: 8% Activity Two: “Fair Trade Rules!” Resource Sheet “From producer to consumer: can you fill in the chain?” In their small groups, have students try to figure out the order of the steps from producer to consumer, then rewrite steps in boxes (instead of cutting and pasting) to save time. Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 16 Point out information box on fair trade at the bottom of the worksheet. Share fair trade graph, explaining that fair trade guarantees that a minimum amount to the producer for a given product. Activity 3: Explain to the students that you will be reading a short piece aloud from a kid whose family grows cocoa in Ghana. (Information about the Kuapa Kokoo farmers) As you read, students should signal (thumb-up, thumbdown) when they hear about a difficulty farmers face and when they hear about the benefits of fair trade. Afterwards have a class discussion about the difficulties farmers face. Which of these difficulties can be overcome? Which are out of their control? How can fair trade help these farmers? What do farmers do with the additional income fair trade provides? How can we play a role in helping these farmers? Some facts to share with students during discussion: -In their lifetime, each American will spend an average of two million dollars. -On average, each American consumes 12 pounds of chocolate every year. Homework: “Make a Difference” – students will fill in the dialogue bubbles on this conversation to demonstrate their understanding of fair trade and their role as consumers. Day 13: “Hard at Work” Child Labor Article Briefly review “Making a Difference” homework. Read article about child labor in Ecuador. Then have students complete “A Global Problem” graphing worksheet in class. Day 14: “Hard at Work” Child Labor Debate Students will take out their debate organizers from last night. The class will break up into two groups and prepare their three best arguments in support of their point of view. Then debate the issue, encouraging them to listen and respond to the other side’s point of view. (The losers of the debate will be forced to work in the fields at West Woods.) Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 17 Day 15: “Supply and Demand” Video, Introduce Economy Articles Show 10-minute “Supply and Demand” video Read “Find about the World Oil Situation” article as a class, and complete the “Global Issues News Article Response.” Homework: Read “Here Comes China” article and complete “Global Issues News Article Response.” Day 16: Review Economy Article, World Economy DVD Review “Here Comes China” article response. Show 20-minute “ABC News: The World Economy” DVD Check for Understanding: “Our Place in the Global Community, Take 2” – Students will respond to the following two “big idea” questions… How do these articles about global challenges show the different ways that people of our world are connected? What responsibilities do we have as global citizens? Day 17: “World Wealth Distribution” Simulation Goal: To help students better understand the distribution of land, population, and resources in the world. Students will be assigned a region of the world, represented by a defined area of the classroom. (We recommend moving all desks/chairs and putting down tape to designate each region.) Distribute “untapped” and “tapped” resources, and explain the rules of the simulation. (See appendix.) Debrief about the simulation, giving students an opportunity to share their various perspectives, and discuss real-world implications. Project the world population clock found at… http://www.ibiblio.org/lunarbin/worldpop and view the graph of projected population growth at… http://www.unfpa.org/6billion/pages/worldpopgrowth.htm Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 18 HW: Have students answer the following question: What challenges does an increasing global population pose for the global community? Day 18: “Rx For Survival: Disease Warriors” DVD Quick follow-up discussion to last night’s homework question about the challenges of a growing population. Show video, emphasizing historical and current global challenges related to human rights (specifically health) Students should complete a 3-2-1 reflection (three things they learned, two things that surprised them, and one question they still have) Days 19-20: Global Organization Research Prep Introduce global organization research project and grant proposal letter. Read aloud the “exceeds” sample grant proposal letter so that students can internalize the criteria necessary to meet or exceed standard on the task Distribute Global Organization Research Packets and discuss expectations and requirements Assign global organizations (possibly considering student interest in particular global issues) In preparation for global organization research, complete the goal/specific example page, modeling for students how to gather the necessary information using “A Chance to Go to School” Time for Kids article about UNICEF. Note: Highlight common pitfalls when answering each question (such as overly general responses). Resources: Websites: bigpicturesmallworld.com http://www.ibiblio.org/lunarbin/worldpop http://www.unfpa.org/6billion/pages/worldpopgrowth.htm Articles: Where Have All The Bees Gone? (Science News for Kids, June 13, 2007) Meltdown! (Time for Kids, April 27, 2001) Focus on Education (Scholastic News, May 22, 2007) Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 19 After the Waves (Time for Kids, January 14, 2005) North Korea Steps Out of Line (Time for Kids, January 17, 2003) The War Goes On (Time for Kids, November 3, 2006) Information about the Kuapa Kokoo farmers (Bananas, and (Cocoa) Beans: a basketful of fair trade activities ©RISC 2003 Hard at Work (Time for Kids, January 24, 2003) Find about the World Oil Situation (Childrens’ BBC News, June 4, 2004) Here Comes China (Time for Kids, April 28, 2006) Videos/DVD’s: Economics in our Age Series: Supply and Demand, © 1999 SVE and Churchill Media ABC News Classroom Edition: The World Economy Part 3: Global Interdependence ©2006 Disney Educational Productions Rx For Survival: A Health Challenge Global -Disease Warriors ©2005 WGBH Boston Video Accompanying worksheets Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 20 Topic: Global Organization Library Research Duration: 2 Weeks And Grant Proposal Letter Guiding Questions: Suggested Sequence of Learning Experiences and Instruction: What role do global Day 1-5: Global Organization Library Research organizations play in Students will spend five class periods in the library the world? conducting research on a global organization. They will What are the greatest challenges to the global community? How is your organization responding to global challenges? How does researching a global organization affect your vision of yourself as a global citizen? use selected texts, websites and internet research tools such as ICONN and EBSCO to find the necessary information. See attached research packet. Day 6: Research Feedback Model feedback protocol on the overhead using two student samples from previous years: one “strong meets” and one “near”. Group students according to their global issue (ex. Greenpeace and WWF students will work together). Once in their group, they will share an example and get feedback from their peers using the peer feedback form. Assign the role of “recorder” to one student, who will take notes on suggestions from other students, and then give that written feedback to the student sharing. Students should then take their peer feedback and use it to strengthen their example, and then review the other examples in their packet with that in mind. Day 7-10: Grant Proposal Letter After completing their global organization research, students will write a grant proposal letter requesting funding on behalf of their organization. See attached grant proposal letter organizer. Resources: Global Organization Books Global Organization Websites Curriculum Databases: ICONN and EBSCO Global Organization Research Packet Global Organization Research Peer Feedback Form Grant Proposal Letter Organizer Jeremy Forgione & Alden Paye Global Interdependence 7-1-07 Farmington Public Schools 21