IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH
YAHOO MESSENGER AT UNIVERSITY OF IQRA BURU
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERBICARA SISWA MELALUI YAHOO
MESSENGER DI UNIVERSITAS IQRA BURU
SAIDNA ZULFIQAR AZWAR BIN TAHIR
GRADUATE PROGRAM
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR
2012
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH YAHOO
MESSENGER AT UNIVERSITY OF IQRA BURU
A Thesis
As a Part of the Requirements for Master Degree
Department of Language Education
Written and Submitted by
SAIDNA ZULFIQAR AZWAR BIN TAHIR
to
GRADUATE PROGRAM
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR
2012
THESIS
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL THROUGH YAHOO
MESSENGER AT UNIVERSITY OF IQRA BURU
Written and submitted by
SAIDNA ZULFIQAR AZWAR BIN TAHIR
ID Number: 10B01033
Approved by
Consultant Commissions
Prof. Dr. H. Haryanto, M.Pd
Chairman
Dr. Syarifuddin Dollah, M.Pd
Member
Cognisent of
Head
English Language
Education Program
Graduate Program
State University of Makassar
Prof. Dr. H. Haryanto, M.Pd
NIP. 19591029 198601 1 001
Prof. Dr. Jasruddin, M.Si
NIP. 19641222 199103 1 002
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, the researcher would like to express gratefulness Alhamdulillah to
Allah SWT for His mercy, blessing, and great opportunity so that the researcher was
able to finish writing this research report as a part of the requirement for attaining
master degree at Graduate Program at State University of Makassar.
In conducting this research and writing its report, the researcher got
invaluable assistance and support from a great number of people. Therefore, the
researcher is very pleased to thank to my supervisors: Prof. Dr. H. Haryanto, M.Pd,
the chairman, and Dr. Syarifuddin Dollah., M.Pd, member, for spending a long time
in guiding, giving helpful comments and correction, giving suggestions and
facilitating the researcher in cultivating and sharpening the focus of this research.
The researcher would like to address deepest thanks to Rector of State
University of Makassar, Prof. Dr. Arismunandar, M.Pd and his staff, Director of
Graduate Program at State University of Makassar, Prof. Dr. Jasruddin, M.Si and his
staff. The researcher also would like to say thanks to Prof. Dr. Arifuddin Hamra,
MS.Ed, and Dr. Sukardi Weda, S.S., M.Hum., M.Pd., M.Si for their comments to
complete this thesis.
The researcher is heavily indebted to Rector of Iqra Buru University Dr.
Hamid Abbas, M.Pd, The Dean of English and Literature Department of UNIQBU
Alimahsudin, S.Pd, M.Pd, and also the samples of the research, especially the second
semester students of English and Literature Department of University of Iqra Buru
academic year 2011/2012, and all lecturers and all staff at University of Iqra Buru for
their participation and help in the research.
Thank you very much for my lovely brother Burhanuddin, S.E., M.M., and his
family who always supported me. Thanks to my friends: Yusran Kapludin, S.Pd, Nur
Laila, S.Pd, Nur Aliya Nur, S.Pd, Irawati, S.Pd, Ramli Asnanda, S.S, Darius, S.Pd
and all my classmates TENSCA in Class A for their help, motivating and spirit to
complete this thesis.
Profoundly, the researcher would like to thank my beloved parents, S. Fadil
Bin Tahir and Hartini Rays and my brothers and sisters for their love, understanding
and sincere prayers for my safety and success.
Last but not least, the researcher is grateful to acknowledge to my beloved
wife, Syarifa Lulu Assagaf, S.Psi and my beloved daughters, Gadysa Saidna Bin
Tahir and Gelbina Saidna Bin Tahir for their endless love, care and support in
completing this theses.
Finally, researcher strongly hopes that all support, encouragement, and facility
from all people and parties that make easy for completing this thesis are noted as act
of devotion by Allah SWT. May the Almighty Allah SWT always with us, Amien.
Makassar, April 2012
Saidna Zulfiqar Azwar Bin Tahir
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEORISINILAN THESIS
Saya, Saidna Zulfiqar Azwar Bin Tahir, Nomor Pokok: 10B01033,
menyatakan bahwa tesis yang berjudul Improving Students’ Speaking Skill Through
Yahoo Messenger at University of Iqra Buru merupakan karya asli. Seluruh ide yang
ada dalam thesis ini, kecuali yang saya nyatakan sebagai kutipan, merupakan ide
yang saya susun sendiri. Selain itu, tidak ada bagian dari thesis ini yang telah saya
gunakan sebelumnya untuk memperoleh gelar atau sertifikat akademik.
Jika pernyataan di atas terbukti sebaliknya, maka saya bersedia menerima
sanksi yang ditetapkan oleh PPs Universitas Negeri Makassar.
Tanda tangan ................
Tanggal 11 April 2012
ABSTRACT
SAIDNA ZULFIQAR AZWAR BIN TAHIR, Improving Students’ Speaking Skill
through Yahoo Messenger at University of Iqra Buru (supervised by H. Haryanto and
Syarifuddin Dollah).
The objectives of this research were: (1) to find out whether or not the use of
Yahoo Messenger improves the students’ speaking skill and (2) to find out whether or
not the students are interested in joining the speaking class through Yahoo
Messenger.
This research employed Quasi Experimental Time Seri design. The sample
consisted of 15 students of second semester of English and Literature Department of
University of Iqra Buru, in academic year 2011/2012. The data were collected
through three kinds of instruments: speaking test for the students’ speaking skill,
questionnaire for students’ interest and observation to observe the students’
activeness in joining speaking class through Yahoo Messenger.
Data on the students’ speaking skill were analyzed using descriptive and
inferential statistics, data on the students’ interest were analyzed using Likert scale,
and data from observation were analyzed descriptively.
The results of the research were: (1) the use of Yahoo Messenger in teaching
speaking improved the students speaking skills; (2) the use of Yahoo Messenger
increased the students’ interest in joining the speaking class. It can be concluded that
the use of Yahoo Messenger is effective to be implemented in improving the
students’ speaking skills in terms of accuracy, fluency, and comprehensibility and the
students have very high interest and active toward teaching speaking through Yahoo
Messenger.
Key words: Speaking skill, Yahoo Messenger, interest
ABSTRAK
SAIDNA ZULFIQAR AZWAR BIN TAHIR. Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berbicara
Siswa Melalui Yahoo Messenger Pada Program Studi Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris
Universitas Iqra Buri (dibimbing oleh H. Haryanto dan Syarifuddin Dollah.).
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: (1) untuk mengetahui apakah penggunaan Yahoo
Messenger meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa, dan (2) untuk mengetahui
ketertarikan siswa dalam mengikuti kelas speaking dengan menggunakan Yahoo
Messenger.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Quasi Eksperimental Time Series
Design. Sample penelitian terdiri dari 15 siswa semester dua, Program Studi Bahasa
dan Sastra Inggris Universitas Iqra Buru tahun pelajaran 2011/2012. Data penelitian
telah dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan tiga jenis instrument: tes berbicara untuk
data kemampuan berbicara siswa, angket untuk data ketertarikan siswa dan observasi
untuk keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran.
Data kemampuan bericara siswa dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik
deskriptif dan inferensial, data ketertarikan siswa dianalisis dengan menggunakan
skala Likert dan observasi dianalisis secara diskriptif dengan melihat persentase.
Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) Penggunaan Yahoo Messenger meningkatkan
kemampuan siswa dalam berbicara, dan (2) Siswa memiliki ketertarikan dan
keaktifan yang sangat tinggi terhadap penggunaan Yahoo Messenger. Penelitian ini
menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan Yahoo Messenger efektif untuk meningkatkan
kemampuan berbicara siswa dalam keakuratan, kefasihan, dan pemahaman, dan siswa
sangat tertarik dan aktif terhadap pengajaran speaking melalui Yahoo Messenger.
Kata Kunci: Kemampuan berbicara, Yahoo Messenger, minat
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
APPROVEMENT SHIT
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
iv
SURAT PERNYATAAN
vi
ABSTRACT
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ix
LIST OF TABLES
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
xvi
LIST OF APENDIXES
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
xvii
1
A. Background
1
B. Problem Statement
9
C. Objective of the Research
10
D. Significance of the Research
11
E. Scope of the Research
11
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
13
A. Previous Related Findings
13
B. Some Pertinent Ideas
15
1. The Concept of Speaking
a. Definition of Speaking
15
15
b. Components of Speaking
17
c. Principles of Teaching Speaking
22
d. Problem on Speaking
23
e. Characteristic of Successful Speaking activities
26
f. Strategies for Developing Speaking Skill
27
g. The Assessment of Speaking
28
2. The Concept of ICT as a Media
29
a. Definition of Media
29
b. What is ICT?
32
c. Computer Mediated Communication (CMC)
34
d. Yahoo Messenger (YM)
37
1) What is Yahoo Messenger
37
2) Features and Facilities of Yahoo Messenger
40
3) Steps to Register and Join YM Chat
43
4) Advantages and Disadvantages of YM in Teaching
47
3. Interest
53
a. What is Interest
53
b. Types of Interest
53
c. Factors Influencing Students’ Interest
54
d. How to Measure the Interest
55
C. Resume
59
D. Conceptual Framework
61
E. Research Hypotheses
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH
62
65
A. Research Design
65
B. Research Variable
68
C. Population and Sample
69
D. Research Instrument
70
E. The Procedure of Collection Data
71
F. Technique of Data Analysis
76
G. Time Schedule
85
H. Research Financing
86
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. Findings
B. Discussion
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
87
87
132
156
A. Conclusion
157
B. Suggestion
158
BIBLIOGRAPHY
160
APPENDIXES
168
LIST OF TABLES
Number
Page
3.1 Implementing Time Seri Design
67
3.2 Speaking Marking Scheme by Heaton
77
3.3 The Score Criteria of Speaking Accuracy
78
3.4 The Score Criteria of Speaking Fluency
79
3.5 The Score Criteria of Speaking Comprehensibility
80
3.6 The Scoring Classification of the Students Speaking Skills
81
3.7 Likert Scale
83
3.8 Frequency Respondents' Answers
83
3.9 The Rating Score of the Students’ Interest
84
3.10 Time Schedule
85
3.11 Research Financing
86
4.1 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Accuracy in Pretest and Posttest Seri 1
88
4.2 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Accuracy in Pretest and Posttest Seri 2.
89
4.3 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Accuracy in Pretest and Posttest Seri 3.
90
4.4 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Accuracy in Pretest and Posttest Seri 3.
91
4.5 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Fluency in Pretest and Posttest Seri 1.
92
4.6 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Fluency in Pretest and Posttest Seri 2.
93
4.7 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Fluency in Pretest and Posttest Seri 3.
94
4.8 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Fluency in Pretest and Posttest Seri 4.
95
4.9 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Comprehensibility in Pretest and Posttest Seri 1.
96
4.10 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Comprehensibility in Pretest and Posttest Seri 2.
97
4.11 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Comprehensibility in Pretest and Posttest Seri 3.
98
4.12 The Frequency and Percentage of the Students’ Achievement
in Term of Comprehensibility in Pretest and Posttest Seri 4.
99
4.13 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 1 in term of Accuracy.
101
4.14 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 1.
102
4.15 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 2 in term of Accuracy.
102
4.16 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 2.
103
417 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 3 in term of Accuracy.
104
4.18 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 3.
105
4.19 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 4 in term of Accuracy.
105
4.20 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 4.
106
4.21 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 1 Fluency.
107
4.22 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 1.
108
4.23 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 2 in term of Fluency.
109
4.24 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 2.
110
4.25 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 3 in term of Fluency.
110
4.26 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 3.
111
4.27 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 4 in term of Fluency.
112
4.28 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 4.
113
4.29 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 1 in Term of Comprehensibility.
113
4.30 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 1.
115
4.31 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 2 in term of Comprehensibility.
116
4.32 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 2.
116
4.33 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 3 in Term of Comprehensibility.
117
4.34 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 3.
118
4.35 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’
Pretest and Posttest Seri 4 in term of Comprehensibility.
118
4.36 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretest and Posttest Seri 4.
119
4.37 The Mean Score of T-Test of the Students’ Achievement on
Pretests and Posttests
120
4.38 The Correlation of the Students’ Pretests and Posttests in all Series.
121
4.39 The Probability Value of T-Test of the Students’ Achievement on
all Series of Pretests and Posttests
121
4.40 The Percentage of the Students’ Interest Toward Yahoo
Messenger voice chat
124
4.41 The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the Students’ Interest
125
4.42 The Percentage of the Students’ Activeness in Joining the Class
126
4.43 The Percentage of the Students’ Activeness in Using Computer/internet
128
4.44 The Percentage of the Students’ Activeness to Communicate
129
4.45 The Percentage of the Students’ Activeness to Use the Time was given
130
LIST OF FIGURES
Number
Page
2.1 Yahoo Messenger Chat Window
40
2.2 YM Window of Registration
46
2.3 Sign in to Yahoo Messenger
47
2.4 Joining Yahoo Messenger chat room
48
2.5 Yahoo Messenger voice chat
67
3.1 Conceptual Framework
63
3.2 Research Design
65
4.1 Mean Score in Pretest 1 and Posttest 1 in Term of Accuracy
101
4.2 Mean Score in Pretest 2 and Posttest 2 in Term of Accuracy
103
4.3 Mean Score in Pretest 3 and Posttest 3 in Term of Accuracy
105
4.4 Mean Score in Pretest 4 and Posttest 4 in Term of Accuracy
106
4.5 Mean Score in Pretest 1 and Posttest 1 in Term of Fluency
108
4.6 Mean Score in Pretest 2 and Posttest 2 in Term of Fluency
110
4.7 Mean Score in Pretest 3 and Posttest 3 in Term of Fluency
111
4.8 Mean Score in Pretest 4 and Posttest 4 in Term of Fluency
113
4.9 Mean Score in Pretest 1 and Posttest 1 in Term of
Comprehensibility
115
4.10 Mean Score in Pretest 2 and Posttest 2 in Term of
Comprehensibility
116
4.11 Mean Score in Pretest 3 and Posttest 3 in Term of
Comprehensibility
118
4.12 Mean Score in Pretest 4 and Posttest 4 in Term of
Comprehensibility
119
4.13 Students’ Achievement in Pretests and Posttests Seri 1, 2, 3, and 4
in term of Accuracy, Fluency, and comprehensibility
123
4.14 Students’ Speaking Achievement in Pretests and Posttests
123
4.14 Time Seri Design Graphic
124
4.15 Percentage of Students’ Interest toward Yahoo Messenger
126
LIST OF APPENDIXES
Number
1.
Speaking Test
Page
169
2. Questionnaire
171
3.
175
Observation Sheet
4. Lesson Plans and Course Material
177
5.
Individual Students’ Test Scoring Pretests and Posttests
199
6.
Distribution Score on Students’ Achievement
207
7.
The Score of Students’ Interest
208
8.
Data of Observation
210
9. The Data Analysis of Accuracy (Pre & Posttest Seri 1, 2, 3, 4)
212
10. The Data Analysis of Fluency (Pre & Posttest Seri 1, 2, 3, 4)
221
11. The Data Analysis of Comprehensibility (Pre & Post Seri 1, 2, 3, 4)
230
12. The Mean Score and Standard Deviation of Pretests & Posttests
239
13. The Data Analysis Mean Score on Pretests and Posttests
242
14. Speaking Text Script
243
15. Teaching and Learning Process Pictures
276
16. Recommendation Letter from PPS UNM
278
17. Permission Letter from University of Iqra Buru
279
18. Evidence of Correction Signature from Examination Committee
280
19. Curriculum Vitae
281