Table S1. Hydrocarbon and corresponding peak number in studies investigating cuticular hydrocarbon profiles in T. oceanicus. BE 2009 (1); BMC 2009 (2); JIP 2008 (3). Corresponding peak number Molecular Hydrocarbon Weight This paper BE 2009 BMC 2009 JIP 2008 C29:1 406 1 1 1 3 unresolved 2 2 2 4 x-meC31 436 3 3 3 5 unresolved 4 6 C31:1 434 4 4 5 7 C31:1 434 5 5 6 8 C31:1 434 6 6 7 9 C31:2 432 7 7 8 10 C31:2 432 8 8 9 11 C31:2 432 9 9 10 12 C31:2 432 10 10 11 13 11 12 13 12 13 14 14 15 16 C31:2 11 x-meC33 unresolved C33:1 464 462 12 13 14 C33:1 462 15 14 15 17 C33:1 462 16 15 16 18 C33:1 462 17 16 17 19 C33:2 460 18 17 18 20 C33:2 460 19 18 19 21 C33:2 460 20 19 20 22 C33:2 460 21 20 21 23 21 22 C33:2 C35:2 22 488 23 24 25 Table S2. The relative concentration of 23 cuticular hydrocarbon peaks identified from SPME of dominant and subordinate male T. oceanicus following the initial dominance ranking. Peaks that contribute significantly to PC1 are in bold. Concentration (% ± S.E.) Peak Retention time 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 11.310 11.670 11.930 12.010 12.170 12.470 12.520 12.580 12.630 12.730 12.840 12.880 13.310 13.530 13.690 13.780 14.120 14.170 14.230 14.330 14.420 14.550 16.540 Hydrocarbon Dominant Subordinate C29:1 2.06 ± 0.11 0.80 ± 0.22 8.27 ± 0.40 0.42 ± 0.07 0.99 ± 0.09 10.15 ± 0.51 0.99 ± 0.10 0.71 ± 0.15 3.45 ± 0.17 21.43 ± 1.04 4.67 ± 0.42 0.70 ± 0.13 0.32 ± 0.05 2.16 ± 0.15 0.53 ± 0.03 5.32 ± 0.27 0.39 ± 0.10 1.03 ± 0.11 1.47 ± 0.07 7.67 ± 0.44 24.69 ± 1.05 1.44 ± 0.10 0.39 ± 0.08 1.95 ± 0.13 0.68 ± 0.11 7.30 ± 0.33 0.48 ± 0.06 0.94 ± 0.09 9.73 ± 0.38 1.22 ± 0.13 0.42 ± 0.11 3.23 ± 0.21 21.10 ± 1.27 4.54 ± 0.31 0.84 ± 0.17 0.38 ± 0.05 2.40 ± 0.29 0.51 ± 0.04 5.30 ± 0.27 0.36 ± 0.10 1.08 ± 0.11 1.51 ± 0.06 7.45 ± 0.37 26.36 ± 0.81 1.77 ± 0.13 0.39 ± 0.07 unresolved x-meC31 C31:1 C31:1 C31:1 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 x-meC33 unresolved C33:1 x-meC33 C33:1 C33:1 C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C35:2 Table S3. Correlations between the relative concentrations of cuticular hydrocarbon peaks taken after the initial dominance ranking, and the five components extracted from the principal components analysis. The percentage of variance explained for components 1-5 were 32.41, 17.44, 16.23, 8.45 and 4.68 percent respectively. Following the criteria of Mardia (4) peaks that contribute significantly to each PC are in bold. PEAK 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 RT 11.31 11.67 12.01 12.17 12.47 12.52 12.58 12.63 12.73 12.84 12.88 Hydrocarbon unresolved unresolved C31:1 C31:1 C31:1 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C33 PC1 0.61 0.07 0.50 0.35 0.37 0.60 -0.36 0.54 0.37 0.06 0.57 PC2 0.28 0.15 0.39 -0.23 0.53 0.26 0.36 0.56 0.85 0.91 -0.43 PC3 0.29 0.60 -0.47 0.66 0.03 -0.19 0.65 -0.17 -0.16 0.14 -0.51 PC4 -0.26 -0.14 -0.09 -0.11 0.53 0.38 0.39 -0.46 -0.09 0.26 0.18 PC5 0.13 -0.59 0.39 -0.02 -0.29 -0.30 0.03 0.17 -0.04 0.10 -0.05 13 14 13.31 13.53 unresolved C33:1 0.64 0.38 0.18 -0.50 -0.44 -0.14 0.30 0.60 0.02 0.20 15 16 13.69 13.78 unresolved C33:1 0.67 0.80 0.11 -0.32 0.48 0.33 -0.29 -0.09 0.11 0.15 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 14.12 14.17 14.23 14.33 14.42 14.55 16.54 unresolved C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C35:2 -0.26 0.77 0.78 0.81 0.91 0.65 0.43 0.31 -0.13 0.14 -0.11 -0.12 -0.20 -0.64 0.70 -0.43 -0.10 0.30 0.25 0.45 0.31 0.29 -0.02 -0.03 -0.25 0.02 0.40 0.05 0.27 -0.22 -0.14 -0.13 0.05 0.24 -0.04 RT, retention time; PC, principal component. Table S4. Correlations between the mean difference in individual peaks ((Day 1 - Day 2) ± S.E.)-2 following the social challenge, and the six components extracted from the principal components analysis. The percentage of variance for components 1-6 was 33.47, 15.73, 9.24, 7.01, 6.31 and 5.86 percent respectively. Peaks that contribute significantly to each PC are in bold. RT, retention time; PC, principal component. PEAK 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 RT 11.31 11.67 12.01 12.17 12.47 12.52 12.58 12.63 12.73 12.84 12.88 Hydrocarbon unresolved unresolved C31:1 C31:1 C31:1 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C31:2 C33 13 14 13.31 13.53 unresolved C33:1 15 16 13.69 13.78 unresolved C33:1 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 14.12 14.17 14.23 14.33 14.42 14.55 16.54 unresolved C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C33:2 C35:2 PC1 0.792 0.348 0.579 0.484 0.534 0.460 0.403 0.622 0.602 0.492 0.022 0.590 0.232 0.842 0.899 0.360 0.633 0.335 0.863 0.949 0.837 0.578 PC2 -0.203 0.044 -0.287 0.314 -0.386 -0.023 -0.173 -0.303 -0.694 -0.733 0.788 0.096 0.760 0.023 0.252 0.130 0.381 -0.151 0.318 0.251 0.299 0.667 PC3 -0.075 0.020 -0.543 0.174 0.639 -0.171 0.769 -0.453 -0.083 0.383 -0.155 -0.389 0.292 -0.293 -0.200 0.540 -0.195 -0.138 -0.184 0.048 0.350 -0.015 PC4 -0.043 -0.402 0.112 -0.409 0.122 0.324 0.222 -0.121 0.261 0.138 0.238 0.550 0.012 -0.274 -0.272 -0.280 -0.043 0.582 -0.052 -0.095 -0.184 -0.079 PC5 -0.111 0.616 -0.136 0.593 0.180 0.378 0.067 0.066 0.189 0.218 0.065 -0.177 -0.113 0.126 0.109 -0.167 0.060 -0.020 0.156 0.057 0.019 -0.135 PC6 -0.111 0.641 -0.229 0.161 -0.317 0.054 -0.398 0.164 -0.007 -0.321 0.269 0.152 -0.204 -0.142 0.025 0.072 -0.189 0.587 0.081 0.115 -0.032 0.327 References 1. 2. 3. 4. Thomas ML, Simmons LW. Male dominance influences pheromone expression, ejaculate quality, and fertilization success in the Australian field cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus. Behav Ecol. 2009;20:1118-24. Thomas ML, Simmons LW. Sexual selection on cuticular hydrocarbons in the Australian field cricket, Teleogryllus oceanicus. BMC Evol Biol. 2009;9(1):16273. Thomas ML, Simmons LW. Sexual dimorphism in cuticular hydrocarbons of the Australian field cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae). Journal of Insect Physiology. 2008;54:1081-9. Mardia KV, Kent JT, Bibby JM. Multivariate Analysis. London: Academic Press; 1979.