Comparative Animal Physiology
Fall 2006
Tues./Fri. 10:15-11:45 a.m.
Lab Wed. 8:30-11:30 a.m.
Betsy Sherman
Review the following:
laws of thermodynamics
diffusion
osmosis
thermodynamics of chemical reactions
endergonic vs. exergonic
structure and function of biological membranes
active transport
intermediary metabolisms
glycolysis
Krebs cycle
electron transport/oxidative phosphorylation
Review basic characteristics of the following phyla:
Protozoa
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Annelida
Mollusca
Arthropoda
Chordata
Topics to be studied this term:
homeostasis
feeding/digestion
metabolism
gas exchange/respiration
circulation
osmoregulation/excretion
neurophysiology
muscle physiology
ASSIGNMENTS: Come to class prepared; participate in class discussion AND
listen to contributions of others; attendance in class and lab is required. BE ON
TIME! If you must miss a class it is your responsibility to get the assignment
and come to the next class prepared.
Required Reading:
Animal Physiology Eckert, Randall, Burrgren, & French; 5th edition
Additional papers to be assigned by professor
Photographic Atlas for the Zoology Laboratory VanDe Graaff & Crawley
Lab material in lab
Required Writing: 1 paper report; 2-3 essay problem sets; 1 lab practical exam; 1
physiology research poster, 1 physiology research presentation. Late papers not
accepted.
How to read a paper
-attend to abstract, figures, tables, and legends
-what is (are) the question(s)
-read through once for overview
-read again, and TAKE NOTES
-understand methods
-interpret figures without looking at the narrative
-do methods permit the conclusions drawn
-the thesis of this paper is...
-do next
EVOLUTION OF ANIMAL DIVERSITY
Particularly important to orient you to questions in lab
Doolittle (2000) Uprooting the tree of life
http://shiva.msu.montana.edu/courses/mb437_537_2004_fall/docs/uprooting.pdf
Davis and Patel (1999) The origin and evolution of segmentation
http://patelweb.berkeley.edu/Nipam's%20Own%20Articles.PDFs/Davis2000A.pdf
HOMEOSTASIS
text -ch. 1
-pp. 310-320; 294-298
Schmidt-Nielsen (1994) How are control systems controlled
Englert (2003) Sussing out stress
FEEDING/DIGESTION
text - ch. 15
Secor & Diamond (1998) A vertebrate model of extreme physiological
regulation
http://www.life.uiuc.edu/ib/426/handouts/Secor%20&%20Diamond%20Nature98.p
df
Moog (1981) The lining of the small intestine
Leinhard et al (1992) How cells absorb glucose
Wurtman (1989) Carbohydrates and depression
Frisch (1988) Fatness and fertility
Karasov & Diamond (1988) Interplay between physiology and ecology in
digestion
http://www.jstor.org/view/00063568/ap040315/04a00070/0
METABOLISM
text - ch. 3 (particular emphasis on pp. 59-76)
ch. 16 (pp. 667-680)
Nadel (1985) Physiological adaptations to aerobic training
Taigen & Beuchat (1984) Anaerobic threshold of anuran amphibians
Smil (2000) Laying down the law [scaling and metabolism]
GAS EXCHANGE/RESPIRATION
text - ch. 13
Schmidt-Nielsen (1971) How birds breathe
Bartecchi et. al, (1995) The global tobacco epidemic
Gans et. al, (1969) Bullfrog ventilation: How does the frog breathe
Burggren & Bemis (1992) Metabolism and ram gill ventilation in juvenile
paddlefish, Polyodon spathula (Chondrostei: Polyodontidae)
Harris & Milsom (1994) The ventilatory response to hypercapnia in
hibernating golden-mantled ground squirrels, Spermophilus
lateralis
CIRCULATION
text - ch. 12
pp. 473-476 open vs. closed systems
pp. 488-495 vertebrate hearts
pp.476-486 electrical and mechanical properties of mammalian
heart
pp.499-511 peripheral circulation
pp.513-519 regulation
Johansen (1968) Aneurysms
Schmidt-Nielsen (1981) Countercurrent systems in animals
Cantin (1986) The heart as endocrine gland
Robinson (1986) The heart as suction pump
Moon et al (1995) The physiology of decompression illness
Hicks (1994) Adrenergic and cholinergic regulation of intracardiac
shunting
Brainerd (1997) Efficient fish not faint-hearted
OSMOREGULATION/EXCRETION
text - ch. 14
Berridge (1970) A structural analysis of intestinal absorption
by
Schmidt-Nielsen (1963) Amoeba proteus: studying the contractile vacuole
micropuncture
Schmidt-Nielsen (1995) The renal concentrating mechanism in insects and
mammals: a new hypothesis involving hydrostatic pressure
Ortiz et al (1998) Osmoregulation in wild and captive West Indian
manatees
NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
text - pp. 121-132 resting potential; passive properties
pp. 132-146 ionic basis of AP (voltage clamp, patch clamp)
pp.155-167 propagation of AP
pp. 167-186 synaptic function
pp. 198-202 synaptic integration
MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY
text - ch. 10
papers named later