NO EXCUSES!
Name: ________________________________________ Date:___________ Period: _____ Assignment #: _____
Assignment #
– Chromosomes
Vocabulary to keep in mind:
DNA
Diploid # (2n)
Egg
nucleus
Body Cell
Sperm
chromosome
Haploid # (n)
Fertilization
gene
Gamete (sex cell)
REVIEW PROBLEMS: A--E
A. DNA is the genetic code for making _______________.
B. What do we call sections of DNA? _______________.
C. The flow of genetic information in biology goes in 1 direction…complete the FLOW OF THE GENETIC CODE:
DNA


PROTEIN

D. In what organelle is DNA stored in all eukaryotic cells, like human cells? Answer: DNA is stored in the ____________.
E. All of your body cells have the exact same full set of _________, the same complete set of _____________, but many
different _______________. This is because they use different _____________ to make different __________________.
FROM TODAY’S NOTES:
1. What do we call the genetic code in all living things? _________
2. If you used a microscope to look into the nucleus of a human cell, you would NOT cell the fancy ______________ shape
of a DNA molecule. A DNA molecule is simply too small for us to see the shape with a microscope. Instead, we would
find many clumps of DNA called ____________________________.
3. What is a chromosome? _____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What is a gene? ___________________________________________________________________________________.
5. Where did YOUR genes come from?
Answer: “_____ of them came from my mom, and the other _______ came from my _________.
6. If we think of our entire genetic code as a long BOOK – maybe even a RECIPE BOOK – then what could we call the
CHAPTERS if the recipe book? _______________________.
a. How many “chapters” are there in the genetic code of humans? __________
b. How many chapters are there in the genetic code of dogs? __________
c. How many chapters are there in the genetic code of corn plants? ____________
7. ALL of your body cells have the same full set of ___________________.
8. What is the diploid number of an organism? _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
9. If I said that the DIPLOID number of a common fruit fly is 8, then…
a. how many chromosomes are in its body cells? ______
b. how many chromosomes are in its sex cells? _______
c. What is its haploid number? __________
10. Some of the cells in your body only have HALF the number of chromosomes as all the rest of your cells. These cells are
NOT diploid…they are called _______________ cells.
a. In men, these haploid cells are called ___________ cells.
b. In women, these haploid cells are called ____________ cells.
c. When these two haploid cells come together, they form a diploid cell. The joining of male and fermale haploid
sex cells is called ________________________.
11. In your own words, explain why sex cells MUST BE HAPLOID and CANNOT BE DIPLOID [think about it…what
would be the problem if ALL of your cells – including your sex cells – were DIPLOID?].
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
12. The diagram below represents the nucleus of a SHRIMP BODY CELL. Each black oval
represents a chromosome.
a. Is the shrimp body cell HAPLOID or DIPLOID? _______________
b. How many chromosomes are in the shrimp body cell? ____________
c. What is the DIPLOID number for the shrimp? _____________
d. How many chromosomes are present in all adult, nonsex cells of the shrimp?
_____________
e. How many chromosomes must be in a shrimp egg cell (a sex cell)? ____________
f.
How many chromosomes must be in a shrimp sperm cell (a sex cell)? _____________
g. Based on your answers to (e) and (f), what is the HAPLOID number for the shrimp?
______________
13. The diagram below represents the nucleus of a COCKROACH SPERM CELL. Each black
oval represents a chromosome.
a. Is the cockroach sperm cell HAPLOID or DIPLOID? _______________
b. How many chromosomes are in the cockroach sperm cell (a sex cell)? ____________
c. What is the HAPLOID number for the cockroach? _____________
d. How many chromosomes must be in a cockroach egg cell (a sex cell)? ____________
e. When the egg becomes fertilized (the sperm meets with the egg), how many chromosomes
will the resulting fertilized egg (called a zygote) have? ____________
f.
Based on your answer to part (e), what is the DIPLOID number for a cockroach?
_____________
g. Now that you know the DIPLOID number, you should be able to answer this: How many
chromosomes are present in adult, nonsex cells of the cockroach? _____________