Guru Tegh Bahadur Institute of Technology
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Assignments: 1st Term
Tutorial assignment 1
UNIT 1 – MULTIDISCIPLINARY NATURE OF ENVIRONMENT STUDIES
1. Explain the applications of green technology in our day today life
giving practical examples.
2. Discuss the scope and importance of environmental studies.
3. What is the need for public awareness with respect to protection of
our own environment?
4. What is green technology?
5. What are the main benefits of green technology?
6. Why environmental studies are multidisciplinary in nature?
7. How can we apply the concept of Atom economy in various
synthesis? Elaborate.
8. Now days, various corporate buildings are built keeping in view
our environment. Explain the concept of Green buildings.
9. Elaborate the main objectives of eco clubs.
10.What are the objectives of environmental studies?
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Tutorial assignment 2
UNIT 2 – ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
I-Forest resources
1. How forest resources play a vital role in the economy of India.
2. What is the deforestation? What are its causes?
3. List some of the social and economic effects of deforestation.
4. List some of the environmental effects of deforestation.
5. What is Timber extraction? Enumerate various adverse effects extracting out
from our day today life.
6. What is mining? List some of the negative social impacts of mining.
7. What are the effects of dams on forests?
8. What are the effects of dams on tribal people?
9. Deforestation leads to landslides, desertification. Justify the statement.
10. How can we contribute towards conservation of our forest resources.
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Tutorial assignment # 3
UNIT 2- ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
II-Water Resources
1. What are the benefits of Dams?
2. What are the problems with Dams?
3. Discuss briefly the use and over-utilization of surface water.
4. Discuss briefly the use and over-utilization of ground water.
5. What is flood? What are its common sources? List some of the worst damages
from floods.
6. How drought originates?
7. What are various constraints to planning for drought?
8. What are the conflicts over water?
9. What do you mean by water logging and salinization?
10. Illustrate the consequences of over exploitation of water resources.
III. Mineral Resources
1. What is a mineral?
2. What are the various uses of minerals?
3. Is our complex modern society is built around the exploitation and use of mineral
resources?
4. What are the environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources?
5. Differentiate between an ore and a mineral.
6. Explain briefly surface and subsurface mining.
7. Write a short note on the consequences of mineral extraction.
8. Explain the practical applications of various minerals in our lives.
9. How the minerals are processed, Expalin the process.
10.How can we control the harmful emissions.
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Tutorial assignment # 4
UNIT 3 – ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND CONTROL
I. Air Pollution
1. What is the compound formed when CO combines with blood?
2. How is photochemical smog formed?
3. What are the compounds present as particulates in the air?
4. Give an account of acid rain.
5. What is global warming?
6. What is the cause of global warming?
7. What is carbon dioxide sequestration?
8. Do you feel acid rain will affect our monuments and agriculture?
9. Differentiate between pollution prevention and pollution control.
10.
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II. Water Pollution
1. What are oxygen demanding wastes?
2. Define BOD5. How is it determined?
3. Explain various steps involved in primary treatment of sewage.
4. Discuss the active sludge process.
5. Mention the sources of water pollution.
6. How is domestic waste water treatment done?
7. How is industrial waste water treatment done?
8. What is water pollution?
9. Define BOD and COD.
10. Solve the following puzzle
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Tutorial assignment # 5
UNIT 3 – ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND CONTROL
III. Soil Pollution
1. What is soil pollution?
2. How soil pollution can be controlled?
3. Name three sources of soil pollution.
4. Report the different measures adopted to control soil pollution.
5. What is the impact of soil pollution on human life?
6. Write a short note on effects of solid pollutants and their control.
7. How many words related to pollution can you find in the following
puzzle?
8. How will you explain that the soil is deteriorated?
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9. Match the following to make seven new phrases.
10. What contribution we can expect from you towards solving the
problem of soil pollution.
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Tutorial assignment # 6
UNIT 7 : GREEN TECHNOLOGY
1. Define Green chemistry.
2. What are the basic principles of green chemistry?
3. What are the major goals of green chemistry?
4. Discuss the concept of Atom Economy.
5. Give some examples where Atom Economy is followed.
6. What is the basic idea behind zero waste technology?
7. What are the different tools of green chemistry?
8. Why is green chemistry necessary?
9. Differentiate between percentage of yield and percentage of atom
utilization.
10.How green technology has been proved to be environment friendly?
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Assignments: 2nd Term
Tutorial assignment # 7
UNIT 2 – ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
IV. Food Resources
1. How can one define a food?
2. What is undernourishment? Why is it a world food problem?
3. What is malnutrition? Why is it a world food problem?
4. What are the effects of agriculture on the environment?
5. What are the changes caused by overgrazing?
6. What are the effects of modern agriculture (Discuss fertilizer problems)?
7. What are the effects of modern agriculture ( Discuss pesticide problems)?
8. What is salination? How salinity can be checked?
9. What is water logging?
V. Energy Resources
1. Why energy needs are growing at the global and Indian levels?
2. Differentiate between renewable and non renewable energy sources.
3. Why the use of alternate energy sources-green fuel is essential?
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Tutorial assignment # 8
UNIT 2 – ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT
VI. Land Resources
1. Can we consider land as a resource?
2. What is the impact of land-use on Environmental quality?
3. Which factors are responsible for the land degradation?
4. What is soil erosion? Discuss the factors which influence the extent to which soil
erosion will occur.
5. What is desertification? How it originates?
VII. Resource Management
1. Why the equitable use of resources is necessary for sustainable lifestyle?
2. What is carrying capacity?
3. What is green accounting?
4. Quiz
Which of the plants below is considered a problem in Georgia because it can
change the native plant and/or animal species makeup of an ecosystem?
Kudzu
Chinese Privet
Japanese Honeysuckle
All of the above
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2.
Approximately how many animals and plants are on Georgia's
Protected Species List?
111 animals and 103 plants
64 animals and 56 plants
9 animals and 14 plants
3.
What percentage of the world's total water supply is fresh,
accessible water?
less than 1%
5% - 10%
25%
50%
4.
What gas, or gases, contribute(s) to global warming?
methane
water vapor
carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide
all of the above
5.
Ozone in the earth's upper atmosphere forms a layer protecting us
from harmful, cancer-causing sunlight but at ground level it is a primary
component of ____.
exhaust
the greenhouse effect
smog
methane
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6.
What are the names of the primary federal and state regulatory
agencies that work to protect the environment?
Environmental Protection Agency (the EPA) and the Department of Natural
Resources' Environmental Protection Division
Department of Health, Environment, and Safety (the DHES) and State
Environmental Protection Agency
National Environmental Agency (the NEA) and the Department of
Agriculture
Federal Pollution Control Agency (the FPCA) and the Department of Natural
Resources' Pollution Prevention Assistance Division
7.
Georgians discard an average of 4.6 pounds of garbage per person
every day.
True
False
8.
What three large cities are rated as most threatened by suburban
sprawl?
Atlanta, Georgia; St. Louis, Missouri; and Washington, D.C.
Cincinnati, Ohio; Kansas City, Missouri; and Atlanta, Georgia
Seattle, Washington; Atlanta, Georgia; and Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
Chicago, Illinois; Atlanta, Georgia; and Baltimore, Maryland
9.
Which action can have the greatest impact on reducing the threat of
global warming?
recycling
reducing energy use
composting
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planting a tree
10.
The major threats to biodiversity worldwide can be categorized
using the HIPPO dilemma. HIPPO stands for:
hippopotamuses
Habitat Loss, Introduced Species, Pollution, Population, Over-consumption
Hunting, Isolation, People, Propaganda, Opulence
Harmful ultraviolet rays, International trade, Politics, Power production,
Oxygen deprivation
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Tutorial assignment # 9
UNIT 4– ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AND CONTROL
IV. Solid Waste Pollution
1.
What do you mean by incineration?
2.
Write short note on recycling.
3.
Explain the significance of reuse of solid waste.
4.
Name three sources of solid waste pollution.
5.
What is solid waste pollution?
6.
Describe sanitary land filling.
7.
Describe compositing.
8.
Explain the significance of segregation of solid waste.
9.
Give suggestions for the disposal of radioactive solid waste?
10.
Give a few examples of consequences of radioactive wastes.
V.
Hazardous wastes
1.
What are hazardous wastes?
2.
Explain the effects and methods of disposal of radioactive waste.
3.
Name three sources of Hazardous pollution
4.
How is hazardous waste classified?
5.
Describe any three methods of disposal of hazardous wastes.
6.
Explain physical processes of treatment and disposal of hazardous
wastes.
7.
Explain chemical processes of treatment and disposal of hazardous
wastes.
8.
Explain biological processes of treatment and disposal of hazardous
wastes
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Which one is more dangerous “Biomedical Waste” or “Nuclear
9.
Waste”?
10.
How can we minimise the effect of various types of hazardous
waste?
V.
Marine Pollution
1. What is marine pollution?
2. What are the causes of marine pollution?
3. What are the effects of marine pollution?
4. How marine pollution can be controlled?
5. What is coastal zone management? Discuss its significance.
6. Name some of the reasons why toxic chemicals may not mix
thoroughly throughout the entire oceans
7. Quest
Marine ecosystems that occur on the ocean floor are termed
_______.
benthic
pelagic
euphotic
pycnocline
The largest single source of oil that accumulates in the ocean is from
_______.
catastrophic spills from oil platforms in the ocean
cumulative small losses from boats and runoff from land
seepage from natural sources
major tanker collisions and spills
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Which of the following is NOT an ecosystem service currently provided by the
oceans?
The ocean is a solar collector that collects energy equivalent to 250
billion barrels of oil per day that we have the technology to harvest.
The ocean provides affordable transportation.
The ocean provides food.
Pelagic algae and bacteria produce a large amount of oxygen.
What portion of the ocean contains the highest biodiversity and the greatest
productivity?
abyssal plain
continental shelf
continental rise
mid-oceanic ridge
A marine protected area is _______.
a term to describe any portion of the ocean that is protected from
fishing and the harvesting of kelp
an area that has physical boundaries that limit movement of pollutants
into and out of the area
a term to describe any portion of the ocean that is protected from
some human activities but may be open to others, such as the laying
of cables and some fishing
a term to describe any portion of the ocean that is protected from any
commercial or recreational use
Communities that lie along shorelines between the farthest reach of high tide
and the lowest reach of the lowest tides do NOT include _______.
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coral reefs
mangrove forests
rocky intertidal areas
salt marshes
Excessive nutrient concentrations in the oceans give rise to population
explosions of _______.
fish
venomous jellyfish
phytoplankton
zooplankton
Managing fish populations by maintaining them at a maximum growth rate and
achieving maximum yield while keeping fish available for the future is best
called _______.
nontarget species sustainable bycatch
sustainable fisheries management
maximum sustainable yield
ecosystems fisheries management
How have the oceans helped to reduce the effects of human atmospheric
pollution to this point?
By producing carbon dioxide, ocean plants reduce global warming.
The oceans have been soaking up the excess carbon that humans
release to the atmosphere.
Oceans need carbon dioxide to balance the pH of ocean water.
Ocean plants produce ozone, which replaces the ozone layer.
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Which coastal habitat is a mixing place of fresh and saltwater?
estuary
intertidal zone
mangrove forest
salt marsh
Ocean areas of high productivity are often found __________.
where nutrient-rich water from the ocean depths wells up along
coasts
where fertilizer runoff from agricultural fields empties into the ocean
in deep ocean waters where fish species are protected from
overfishing
in water that remains for long periods at the surface along the
continental shelves and heats up
As you descend from the ocean surface to the deeper layers of the ocean
____________.
the temperature drops
the salinity (amount of salt in the water) drops
productivity increases
pressure decreases
Populations in ocean fisheries have been dropping for decades, but the
amount of fish caught has not shown this drop. What factor is responsible for
hiding this drop in fish populations?
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Fishing fleets have stopped catching fish from deeper waters.
Moratoriums on fishing in certain areas (like the Georges Bank and
the Grand Banks) have allowed the fish stocks to recover and have
helped to reseed other fishing areas.
Advanced technology has allowed fishing fleets to more quickly find
fish.
Fish are being caught closer to the shores than they used to be.
Horizontal movement of water across the ocean's surface _____________.
helps to redistribute energy (in the form of heat) from warm areas to
colder areas
is caused by the movement of marine organisms
changes frequently and is hard to predict
occurs only very slowly and is difficult to measure
Why are areas with physical structures underwater very suitable for fishing?
Underwater volcanoes spew magma that feeds the fish.
Coral reefs provide the chlorine that fish need to survive.
These physical structures are filled with fresh water that helps the fish
survive.
The structures provide shelter and safety for fish.
The levels of dissolved oxygen at the surface of water can decrease
dramatically and kill marine organisms when which of the following are out of
balance in the ocean?
fish populations
salt
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nitrogen and phosphorus
carbon dioxide
Areas that are located in tropical areas have warmer water than areas located
in colder areas because _____________.
tropical areas have warm land masses that warm the water
tropical areas have great biodiversity of fish
tropical regions have underwater volcanoes that heat the oceans
tropical areas receive the greatest amount of solar radiation
Which of the following statements about ocean water is true?
Oceans have a high heat capacity and change temperature slowly.
Oceans change temperature more quickly than the land changes
temperature.
Oceans change temperature regularly throughout the day.
Surface waters change temperature more slowly than oceans.
Most of the productivity of the ocean occurs in (on) the _____________.
middle layer of the ocean called the pelagic zone
ocean floor, in the photic zone.
uppermost layer of the ocean called the photic zone
ocean floor, in the benthic zone
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If oil accumulates in a body of water in small amounts over time as a result of
leaks from boats and runoff from land, then this oil pollution is from
_____________.
background sources
non-point sources
point sources
underground sources
Which of the following fishing methods would be most appropriate if a
fisherman wants to catch benthic fish?
driftnets
upper trawling
bottom trawling
longline fishing
Which of the following ocean areas would be a true protected area, free of
fishing?
collapse recovery zone
marine protected areas
marine reserves
forest preserves
Which of the following is true regarding marine reserves?
They tend to increase species diversity.
They tend to decrease the biomass of organisms in the reserve.
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The average size of reserve organisms was reduced.
They tend to increase mortality of reserve organisms.
Ocean water is 96.5% water by mass. Most of the remainder consists of
_____________.
the nutrients nitrogen and potassium.
ions from dissolved salts
carbon dioxide
oil from human and natural causes.
Which of the following is NOT a bycatch of longline fishing?
sharks
benthic organisms
turtles
albatross and other sea birds
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Tutorial assignment # 10
UNIT 4 : CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
1. Define toxicology.
2. What is dose response relationship?
3. “Dose makes the poison”. Comment.
4. What are the different routes of exposure to the toxic substance?
5. What do you mean by the term LD50.
6. What are the most common toxic chemicals in the environment?
7. How toxic chemicals affect the working of the enzymes?
8. Arsenic is the most toxic substance. Comment.
9. What are the factors responsible for lead poisoning?
10.What are the harmful effects of inhalation of mercury vapours?
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Tutorial assignment # 11
UNIT 5 : ECO-FRIENDLY POLYMERS
1. What are degradable polymers?
2. Discuss the environmental degradation of polymers.
3. What is photodegradable polymer?
4. Define hydro biodegradable polymers. How does the degradation
occur through hydrolysis?
5. Give the examples of the polymers which undergo hydrolytic and
hydro biodegradation to form byproducts which are water soluble.
6. What do you mean by bioplastics?
7. Give examples of some bioplastics.
8. Discuss the method of preparation of any bioplastic.
9. How does thermal degradation of plastic occur during recycling?
10.Discuss thermal degradation of Polystyrene, polypropylene during
recycling.
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Assignments: 3rd Term
Tutorial assignment # 12
UNIT 6 : ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
1. Define bioremediation.
2. Give some examples of bioremediation technologies.
3. Name some of the contaminants not treated by bioremediation using
micro organisms.
4. How one can monitor bioremediation?
5. Define biodegradation.
6. Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation.
7. Define bioaccumulation.
8. Discuss some of the toxic substances which have the tendency of
bioaccumulation in the body.
9. Discuss the term bioleaching.
10.Discuss the process of biomethanation. What are methanogens?
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Tutorial assignment # 13
UNIT 8 : ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
1. What do you mean by Environmental management systems (EMS)?
2. What is the significance of EMS? Discuss its objective.
3. What are the different tools of environment management systems?
4. Discuss the EIA process.
5. What are the limitations of current EIA practices?
6. Explain the different elements of EMS as per ISO 14000 series.
7. What do you mean by carbon credits?
8. What do you mean by Green Bench?
9. What are the benefits of EIA?
10.What can you contribute towards envirnment management.