AP EURO FINAL REVIEW – VOCAB
FIRST ESTATE
SECOND ESTATE
THIRD ESTATE
BOURGEOISIE
OLD REGIME
ESTATES GENERAL
TENNIS COURT OATH
GREAT FEAR – July 20-Aug 5, 1789 at the start of French revolution…peasants
feared that nobles were not going to allow access for the peasants to the grain.
CAHIERS – written grievances to Louis XVI. Their compilation was ordered by
King Louis XVI, to give each of the Estates – the First Estate (the clergy), the
Second Estate (the nobility) and the Third Estate, which consisted of the
bourgeoisie, the urban workers, and the peasants – the chance to express their
hopes and grievances directly to the King.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY June 17-July 9, 1789 – transitional body between
Estates General and the National Constituent Assembly.
WOMEN'S MARCH ON VERSAILLES over shortage of bread – over 7,000
hungry women. – rumors had been spreading that the Royals had been hoarding
all the grain – overpricing of bread.
ASSIGNATS paper money issued during French Revolution…certificates that
represented the value of church properties – caused hyperinflation.
JACOBINS had been popularly applied to all promulgators of revolutionary
opinions…very radical group but considered modern for the time.
SEPTEMBER MASSACRES were a wave of mob violence which overtook Paris
in late summer 1792, during the French Revolution. By the time it had subsided,
half the prison population of Paris had been executed: some 1,200 trapped
prisoners, including many women and young boys
GIRONDISTS group of individuals, not a political party, that held certain political
opinions in common.
MOUNTAIN (MONTAGNARDS)any of the radical Jacobin deputes in the
National Convention during the F.R. – noted for their democratic outlook.
SANS-CULOTTES 1790-92 – term created by French aristocracy to describe
the poorer members of the 3rd estate because they wore full length trousers.
COMMITTEE OF PUBLIC SAFETY set up in July 1793 by National Convention
– led by Robespierre / Jacobins – responsible for thousands of executions.
"BREAD OF EQUALITY" the government decreed that everyone in France should eat
the same bread. – everyone gets white bread!
REIGN OF TERROR 9/5/1793 – 7/27/1794..Girondins and Jacobins..mass
executions of “enemies of the revolution”..20-40,000.
THERMIDORIAN REACTION revolt against the excesses of the Reign of Terr…
ended in Robespierre’s execution.
THE DIRECTORY 2nd to last stage of F.R…1795-1799
FIRST COALITION1793-1797.. first major concerted effort of European powers
to contain Revolutionary France.. military coalition after exectution of Louis XVI
and invaded parts of France.
SECOND COALITION 1French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major
conflicts.. 1792-1802. French revolutionary govt and several Eur. States.
THIRD COALITION 1805..
FOURTH COALITION 1806-1807..fought against Napoleon to stop rise of power
in France.
GRAND EMPIRE 1804-1814.. Napoleon’s Empire of the French.
GRAND ARMY/GREAT ARMY
QUADRUPLE ALLIANCE
COTTON-SPINNING JENNY
PUDDLING FURNACE means of making iron and steel.
WATERFRAME
THE ROCKET
CRYSTAL PALACE
CREDIT MOBILIER
"IRON LAW OF WAGES"
GRAND NATIONAL CONSOLIDATED TRADES UNION
CONGRESS OF VIENNA
CONSERVATISM
MAGYARS
LIBERALISM
NATIONALISM
CARBONARI
UTOPIAN SOCIALISM
ROMANTICISM
STURM UND DRANG
"BATTLE OF PETERLOO"
WHIGS
TORIES
CHARTIST MOVEMENT
FRANKFURT ASSEMBLY
MIASMATIC THEORY OF DISEASE
GERM THEORY
ILLEGITIMACY EXPLOSION
GERMAN CONFEDERATION
ZOLLVEREIN
SCHLEWIG-HOLSTEIN
MODERNIZATION
ZEMSTVO
BLOODY SUNDAY
THE DUMA
REICHSTAG
KULTURKAMPF
PARIS COMMUNE
DREYFUS AFFAIR
IRISH HOME RULE
FIRST INTERNATIONAL
MAY DAY
SECOND INTERNATIONAL
REVISIONISM
THE GREAT MIGRATION
IMPERIALISM
BOERS AFRIKANERS
NEW IMPERIALISM
WHITE MAN'S BURDEN
THREE EMPEROR'S LEAGUE
THE BLACK HAND
"BLANK CHECK"
THE SCHIEFFEN PLAN
TRENCH WARFARE
TRIPLE ENTENTE
LUSITANIA
HOME FRONT
TOTAL WAR EFFORT
BOLSHEVIKS
REDS
WHITES
LEAGUE OF NATIONS
FOURTEEN POINTS
RHINELAND
LOGICAL EMPIRICISM
EXISTENTIALISM
THEORY OF SPECIAL RELATIVITY
FUNCTIONALISM
CUBISM
REALISM
DADAISM
THE DAWES PLAN
NEW DEAL
WEIMAR REPUBLIC
TOTALITARIANISM
FASCISM
NAZI
SS
GESTAPO
"SPACE AND RACE"
FUHRER
KRISTALLNACHT
BLITZKRIEG
BLACKSHIRTS
N.E.P
FIVE YEAR PLAN
COLLECTIVIZATION
KULAKS
GREAT PURGES
HOLOCAUST
YALTA CONFERENCE
POTSDAM CONFERENCE
IRON CURTAIN
TRUMAN DOCTRINE
MARSHALL PLAN
NATO
WARSAW PACT
BERLIN AIRLIFT
COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY
EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OR "COMMON MARKET"
DECOLONIZATION
BLOC
COLD WAR
DESTALINIZATION
BREZHNEV DOCTRINE
BERLIN WALL
DETENTE
OPEC
SOLDARITY
PERESTROIKA
GLASNOST