PROVINCE OF THE EASTERN CAPE EDUCATION DIRECTORATE CURRICULUM FET PROGRAMMES LESSON PLANS ECONOMICS GRADE 10 TERM 1 FOREWORD The following Grade 10, 11 and 12 Lesson Plans were developed by Subject Advisors during May 2009. Teachers are requested to look at them, modify them where necessary to suit their contexts and resources. It must be remembered that Lesson Plans are working documents, and any comments to improve the lesson plans in this document will be appreciated. Teachers are urged to use this document with the following departmental policy documents: Subject Statement; LPG 2008; SAG 2008; Examination Guidelines 2009 and Provincial CASS Policy / Guidelines. Lesson planning is the duty of each and every individual teacher but it helps when teachers sometimes plan together as a group. This interaction not only helps teachers to understand how to apply the Learning Outcomes (LOs) and Assessment Standards (ASs) but also builds up the confidence of the teachers in handling the content using new Teacher strategies. It must please be noted that in order to help teachers who teach across grades and subjects, an attempt has been made to standardise lesson plan templates and thus the new template might not resemble the templates used in each subject during the NCS training. However, all the essential elements of a lesson plan have been retained. This change has been made to assist teachers and lighten their administrative load. Please note that these lesson plans are to be used only as a guide to complete the requirements of the Curriculum Statements and the work schedules and teachers are encouraged to develop their own learner activities to supplement and /or substitute some of the activities given here (depending on the school environment, number and type of Learner in your class, the resources available to your Learner, etc). Do not forget to build in the tasks for the Programme of Assessment into your Lesson Plans. Strengthen your efforts by supporting each other in clusters and share ideas. Good Luck with your endeavours to improve Teacher, Learning and Assessment. Page 2 of 17 Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 SUBJECT: ECONOMICS GRADE: 10 LESSON PLAN : 1 TERM 1 TIME: 8 HOURS TOPIC: UNPACK ECONOMICS CONTENT: Analyzing economics, the methods of economics, relationships with other sciences and career opportunities. INTEGRATION: 10.1.2, 10.1.3, 10.1.4, 10.2.1, 10.4. Integration with other subjects: Business studies, Accounting, Mathematics, Life orientation. Learning Outcome 1: MacroLearning Outcome 2: MicroLearning Outcome 3:Economic economics. economics Pursuits: The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, critical understanding and application of the principles, processes and practices of the economy 10.1.1. Analyze Economics, describe its methods and relationships with other sciences, and investigate career opportunities. 10.1.2. Identify and explain the problem that all economies try to solve, and relate it to the basic processes of production, consumption and exchange, highlighting the promotion or violation of human rights and the environment 10.1.3. Discuss the participants, markets, and monetary and real flows in an open economy. X The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and the appropriate skills in analyzing the dynamics of markets. The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness of the policies and practices underpinning the improvement of the standard of living. The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness, and apply a range of skills in dealing with contemporary economic issues. 10.2.1. Explain the market as a phenomenon and make use of graphs to illustrate the establishment of prices and quantities. 10.2.2. Describe production possibility curves (reflecting on efficiencies), and explain how they reconcile choice and scarcity. 10.3.1. Investigate and outline the stages of economic development in broad historical context, and relate them to evidence from Africa, where relevant. 10.3.2. Investigate and outline economic development in South Africa in historical context, highlighting indigenous knowledge systems and the impact of colonialism and imperialism. 10.4.1. Investigate and explain unemployment and debate the various approaches to solve it, taking cognizance of the economically marginalized. 10.2.3. Explain the effects, in terms of prices and quantities, of the public sector’s involvement and intervention in the market with the aid of graphs 10.3.3. Investigate and outline the history of money and banking in South Africa. 10.4.3. Investigate and outline the reconstruction of the South African economy after 1994, as an effort to redress the inequalities of the past. 10.3.4..Describe the composition of the South African population and labour force, and explain the factors, such as HIV/AIDS, that impact on them. 10.4.4. Identify, engage in and communicate economic issues of the day, quantitative elements of Economics and other essentials 10.1.4. Describe the reasons for business cycles and explain and illustrate their composition, mentioning the impact on the economically vulnerable. Page 3 of 17 Learning Outcome 4: Contemporary Economic Issues: Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 10.4.2. Discuss labour relations and dispute resolution mechanisms, including labour rights and conventions, within the context of the South African labour market. TEACHER ACTIVIES LEARNER ACTIVITIES RESOURCES ASSESSMENT Conducts baseline assessment on: Respond to questions asked,listen attentively and take notes. Textbooks Baseline Newspapers Project Internet Classworks Magazines Homeworks Resources Needs and wants Demand and supply;and then defines economics. The teacher presents information on: Methods of economics Positive and normative Unbiasedness Scientific method Difficulties faced by social sciences Economics use of models Disagreements among economists Discusses the relationship between economics and other sciences: Statistics Mathematics Information technology Law Politics Sociology Geography Displays various job advertisements and asks learners to identify those that Page 4 of 17 Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 DATE COMPLETED have economics as a requirement Homework: Enrichment/Expanded Opportunities: Teacher Reflections: SIGNATURES: ______________________________ TEACHER Page 5 of 17 ________________ DATE Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans _____________________________ HOD / SMT Grade 10 ____________ DATE SUBJECT: ECONOMICS GRADE: 10 LESSON PLAN : 2 TERM TIME: 8 HOURS TOPIC: Problem all economies try to solve. CONTENT: Explaining the scarcity problem,the basic process, promotions, violation of human rights and environment. INTEGRATION: 10.1.2,10.1.3,10.1.4,10.2.1,10.4.4 Integration with other subjects: Business Studies, Consumer studies, Life orientation, Life sciences. Learning Outcome 1: MacroLearning Outcome 2: MicroLearning Outcome 3:Economic economics. economics Pursuits: The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, critical understanding and application of the principles, processes and practices of the economy 10.1.1. Analyze Economics, describe its methods and relationships with other sciences, and investigate career opportunities. 10.1.2. Identify and explain the problem that all economies try to solve, and relate it to the basic processes of production, consumption and exchange, highlighting the promotion or violation of human rights and the environment 10.1.3. Discuss the participants, markets, and monetary and real flows in an open economy. X The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and the appropriate skills in analyzing the dynamics of markets. The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness of the policies and practices underpinning the improvement of the standard of living. The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness, and apply a range of skills in dealing with contemporary economic issues. 10.2.1. Explain the market as a phenomenon and make use of graphs to illustrate the establishment of prices and quantities. 10.2.2. Describe production possibility curves (reflecting on efficiencies), and explain how they reconcile choice and scarcity. 10.3.1. Investigate and outline the stages of economic development in broad historical context, and relate them to evidence from Africa, where relevant. 10.3.2. Investigate and outline economic development in South Africa in historical context, highlighting indigenous knowledge systems and the impact of colonialism and imperialism. 10.4.1. Investigate and explain unemployment and debate the various approaches to solve it, taking cognizance of the economically marginalized. 10.2.3. Explain the effects, in terms of prices and quantities, of the public sector’s involvement and intervention in the market with the aid of graphs 10.3.3. Investigate and outline the history of money and banking in South Africa. 10.4.3. Investigate and outline the reconstruction of the South African economy after 1994, as an effort to redress the inequalities of the past. 10.3.4..Describe the composition of the South African population and labour force, and explain the factors, such as HIV/AIDS, that impact on them. 10.4.4. Identify, engage in and communicate economic issues of the day, quantitative elements of Economics and other essentials RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 10.1.4. Describe the reasons for business cycles and explain and illustrate their composition, mentioning the impact on the economically vulnerable. TEACHER ACTIVIES Page 6 of 17 Learning Outcome 4: Contemporary Economic Issues: LEARNER ACTIVITIES Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 10.4.2. Discuss labour relations and dispute resolution mechanisms, including labour rights and conventions, within the context of the South African labour market. DATE COMPLETED Conducts baseline assessment on: Respond to questions and ask questions for clarity Economics(definition,scarcity) Macro and microeconomics:and Career oppoturnities. Textbooks Baseline Human rights literature Journals TV Newspapers Explain the problem economies try to solve by discussing the following : Class test. Listen attentively and participate in the discussion Homework Scarcity Economic and free goods Alternatives and choices Opportunity cost. Further discusses how economies try to solve the problem of scarcity through the processes of : Listen,take notes and ask questions Production Consumption Exchange Promotion or violation of human rights and environmental issues in solving the economic problem. Homework: Enrichment/Expanded Opportunities: Teacher Reflections: SIGNATURES: ______________________________ TEACHER Page 7 of 17 ________________ DATE Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans _____________________________ HOD / SMT Grade 10 ____________ DATE SUBJECT: ECONOMICS GRADE: 10 LESSON PLAN : 3 TERM 1 TIME: 8 HOURS TOPIC: PARTICIPANTS,MARKETS AND FLOWS CONTENT: Discuss the circular flow diagram, participants, the flows, leakages and injections. INTEGRATION: 10.1.2; 10.1.3; 10.1.4; 10.2.1 Integration with other subjects: Business Studies, Languages, Mathematical literacy. Learning Outcome 1: MacroLearning Outcome 2: MicroLearning Outcome 3:Economic economics. economics Pursuits: Learning Outcome 4: Contemporary Economic Issues: The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, critical understanding and application of the principles, processes and practices of the economy The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and the appropriate skills in analyzing the dynamics of markets. The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness of the policies and practices underpinning the improvement of the standard of living. The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness, and apply a range of skills in dealing with contemporary economic issues. 10.1.1. Analyze Economics, describe its methods and relationships with other sciences, and investigate career opportunities. 10.2.1. Explain the market as a phenomenon and make use of graphs to illustrate the establishment of prices and quantities. 10.2.2. Describe production possibility curves (reflecting on efficiencies), and explain how they reconcile choice and scarcity. 10.3.1. Investigate and outline the stages of economic development in broad historical context, and relate them to evidence from Africa, where relevant. 10.3.2. Investigate and outline economic development in South Africa in historical context, highlighting indigenous knowledge systems and the impact of colonialism and imperialism. 10.4.1. Investigate and explain unemployment and debate the various approaches to solve it, taking cognizance of the economically marginalized. 10.2.3. Explain the effects, in terms of prices and quantities, of the public sector’s involvement and intervention in the market with the aid of graphs 10.3.3. Investigate and outline the history of money and banking in South Africa. 10.4.3. Investigate and outline the reconstruction of the South African economy after 1994, as an effort to redress the inequalities of the past. 10.3.4..Describe the composition of the South African population and labour force, and explain the factors, such as HIV/AIDS, that impact on them. 10.4.4. Identify, engage in and communicate economic issues of the day, quantitative elements of Economics and other essentials 10.1.2. Identify and explain the problem that all economies try to solve, and relate it to the basic processes of production, consumption and exchange, highlighting the promotion or violation of human rights and the environment 10.1.3. Discuss the participants, markets, and monetary and real flows in an open economy. X 10.1.4. Describe the reasons for business cycles and explain and illustrate their composition, mentioning the impact on the economically vulnerable. Page 8 of 17 Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 10.4.2. Discuss labour relations and dispute resolution mechanisms, including labour rights and conventions, within the context of the South African labour market. TEACHER ACTIVIES LEARNER ACTIVITIES Conducts baseline assessment on the following concepts: - Consumers - Producers - Role of government - Factors of production - Markets Explains the roles of -Consumers -Producers -Role of government -Household Discusses the circular flow diagram Gives learners incomplete circular flow diagram and asks learners to complete it. Explains linkage that exist showing the following: -Monetary and real flows -Relationship between economic participants shown by flow either goods/services or income in the economy. Gives learners a case study where learners will identify participants of the economy Asks learners how consumers spend their income with the aim of introducing leakages and injections, and explains(leakages and injections) Page 9 of 17 Answer questions RESOURCES ASSESSMENT Duster, chalk board, chalk textbooks, pens, Koki pens, Text books, Chart, Flash cards Baseline assessment Class work Homework Case study Listen and take notes Listen ,participate and take notes Complete circular flow diagram They listen and take notes Answer the case study Brainstorm, listen and take notes Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Practical Grade 10 DATE COMPLETED Gives class test Homework: Enrichment/Expanded Opportunities: Teacher Reflections: Write class test SIGNATURES: ______________________________ TEACHER Page 10 of 17 ________________ DATE Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans _____________________________ HOD / SMT Grade 10 ____________ DATE SUBJECT:ECONOMICS GRADE: 10 LESSON PLAN : 04 TERM 1 TIME: 4 HOURS TOPIC: BUSINESS CYCLE Describe the business cycle, the reason for it,its composition and effects on the economically vulnerable. Integration:10.1.2,10.1.3,10.1.4,10.2.1,10.4.4 Integration with other subjects: Business studies, Life orientation, Life sciences, Mathematical literacy Learning Outcome 1: MacroLearning Outcome 2: MicroEconomic Pursuits: The learner is economics. The learner is able to economics The learner is able to able to demonstrate knowledge, demonstrate knowledge, critical demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness understanding and application of the understanding and the appropriate of the policies and practices principles, processes and practices of skills in analyzing the dynamics of underpinning the improvement of the the economy markets. standard of living. Learning Outcome 4: Contemporary Economic Issues: The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness, and apply a range of skills in dealing with contemporary economic issues. 10.1.1. Analyze Economics, describe its methods and relationships with other sciences, and investigate career opportunities. 10.2.1. Explain the market as a phenomenon and make use of graphs to illustrate the establishment of prices and quantities. 10.3.1. Investigate and outline the stages of economic development in broad historical context, and relate them to evidence from Africa, where relevant. 10.4.1. Investigate and explain unemployment and debate the various approaches to solve it, taking cognizance of the economically marginalized. 10.1.2. Identify and explain the problem that all economies try to solve, and relate it to the basic processes of production, consumption and exchange, highlighting the promotion or violation of human rights and the environment 10.2.2. Describe production possibility curves (reflecting on efficiencies), and explain how they reconcile choice and scarcity. 10.3.2. Investigate and outline economic development in South Africa in historical context, highlighting indigenous knowledge systems and the impact of colonialism and imperialism. 10.4.2. Discuss labour relations and dispute resolution mechanisms, including labour rights and conventions, within the context of the South African labour market. 10.1.3. Discuss the participants, markets, and monetary and real flows in an open economy. 10.2.3. Explain the effects, in terms of prices and quantities, of the public sector’s involvement and intervention in the market with the aid of graphs 10.3.3. Investigate and outline the history of money and banking in South Africa. 10.4.3. Investigate and outline the reconstruction of the South African economy after 1994, as an effort to redress the inequalities of the past. Page 11 of 17 Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 10.1.4. Describe the reasons for business cycles and explain and illustrate their composition, mentioning the impact on the economically vulnerable. X TEACHING ACTIVITIES LEARNERS ACTIVITIES 10.3.4..Describe the composition of the South African population and labour force, and explain the factors, such as HIV/AIDS, that impact on them. 10.4.4. Identify, engage in and communicate economic issues of the day, quantitative elements of Economics and other essentials RESOURCES ASSESSMENT Divide and sits the learners into manageable groups Administers a relevant case study-that reflects the importance of forecasting in a business. Groups are required to:-highlight the importance of forecasting in a business,-the importance of the ability to predict the future for success in business-relationship between success in a business and the ability to predict the future-methods people use to try to forecast the future Allow brainstorming on the meaning of the following terms/concepts -economic indicators -business cycles Learners sit in groups Duster Baseline assessment Analyze the case study and respond to the questions with the assistance of the teacher Chalkboard Oral questions Chart Teacher and peer assessment Diagrammatical illustration of a business cycle: change in the level of economic activity ;the wave motion of economic activities ;a swing in total national output ,income and employment ,usually lasting for 02-10 years and marked by widespread expansion or contraction in most sectors of the economy. In turn presents a sketch for the learners to Page 12 of 17 Textbooks Research project Pens,Koki-pens Economics dictionary Data projector They brainstorm and report back Learners listen, observe and demonstrate their understanding on the sketch Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 DATE COMPLETED demonstrate their understanding Economic indicators In groups learners are given topics to discuss and present in class -Leading indicatorsCoincident indicators -Lagging indicators Composition:1.Prosperity phase-optimism- more employment- the boom starts.2.Recession phasespending by households and profits of businesses decreaseinflation increases-resulting to central bank reducing the quantity of money.3.Depression phase- general. Pessimismspending on all sectors in the economy decreases- poor profits. 4.Recovery phasebusinesses. Optimisticincrease in production leading to possible increase in demand Mediate on four elements of the complete cycle-Trough; upswing/expansion/Boom ;Peak; downswing or Contraction The teacher further explains the following -Trend-line Measurement of a business cycle(from trough to trough, peak to peak)Seasonal fluctuation-Random fluctuation Discusses the Reasons for business cycles: -Exogenous e.g. weather conditions/the money supply/structural Page 13 of 17 Consult/discuss among themselves and present on given topics and sub-topics on : Economic Indicators and Composition Listen, take notes and ask questions Learners demonstrate understanding by producing own graphs and explaining to one another Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 changes/shocks -Endogenous e.g. indirect links/mismatches/disequilibrium /intervention. Effects of business cycles are explained by means of graphs to illustrate the model a)changes in AS and AD and shifts thereof, stagflation b)changes in the growth rate(GDP) c)changes in the level of employment d)changes in the price level e)changes in the exchange rate The economically vulnerable: the teacher asks the learners to mention the vulnerable groups and explain how the cyclical behaviors of economies cause problems for each group:-children-rural people -pensioners and/or older people-women, handicapped and the poor;and Summarizes key points and assigns a research project. Identify the different groups and explain to the class Conduct investigation Homework: Enrichment/Expanded Opportunities: Teacher Reflections: SIGNATURES: ______________________________ TEACHER Page 14 of 17 ________________ DATE Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans _____________________________ HOD / SMT Grade 10 ____________ DATE SUBJECT: ECONOMICS GRADE: 10 LESSON PLAN : 05 TERM 1 TIME: 8 HOURS TOPIC: Markets Describe the dynamics of Markets, value, price and utility ,composition, kinds of markets, prices, functions of markets, use graph to illustrate diminishing marginal utility Integration: 10.1.2,10.1.3,10.1.4,10.4.4 Integration with other subjects: Mathematics, English. Learning Outcome 1: MacroLearning Outcome 2: Microeconomics. The learner is able to economics The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, critical demonstrate knowledge, understanding and application of the understanding and the appropriate principles, processes and practices of skills in analyzing the dynamics of the economy markets. X Economic Pursuits: The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness of the policies and practices underpinning the improvement of the standard of living. Learning Outcome 4: Contemporary Economic Issues: The learner is able to demonstrate knowledge, understanding and critical awareness, and apply a range of skills in dealing with contemporary economic issues. 10.3.1. Investigate and outline the stages of economic development in broad historical context, and relate them to evidence from Africa, where relevant. 10.4.1. Investigate and explain unemployment and debate the various approaches to solve it, taking cognizance of the economically marginalized. 10.1.1. Analyze Economics, describe its methods and relationships with other sciences, and investigate career opportunities. 10.2.1. Explain the market as a phenomenon and make use of graphs to illustrate the establishment of prices and quantities. 10.1.2. Identify and explain the problem that all economies try to solve, and relate it to the basic processes of production, consumption and exchange, highlighting the promotion or violation of human rights and the environment 10.2.2. Describe production possibility curves (reflecting on efficiencies), and explain how they reconcile choice and scarcity. 10.3.2. Investigate and outline economic development in South Africa in historical context, highlighting indigenous knowledge systems and the impact of colonialism and imperialism. 10.4.2. Discuss labour relations and dispute resolution mechanisms, including labour rights and conventions, within the context of the South African labour market. 10.1.3. Discuss the participants, markets, and monetary and real flows in an open economy. 10.2.3. Explain the effects, in terms of prices and quantities, of the public sector’s involvement and intervention in the market with the aid of graphs 10.3.3. Investigate and outline the history of money and banking in South Africa. 10.4.3. Investigate and outline the reconstruction of the South African economy after 1994, as an effort to redress the inequalities of the past. 10.1.4. Describe the reasons for business cycles and explain and 10.2.4 10.3.4..Describe the composition of the South African population and 10.4.4. Identify, engage in and communicate economic issues of the day, Page 15 of 17 Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 illustrate their composition, mentioning the impact on the economically vulnerable. TEACHING ACTIVITIES Conduct baseline assessment on markets Explains markets Asks the best alternative forgone or sacrificed by going to school and; Explains opportunity cost Links price with value Gives learners scenario (role play on determinants of demand. Presents the algebraic demand function and further shows the learners graphically changes in quantity demanded Discusses the term supply(definition, determinants of supply) Expresses the algebraic supply function and further shows the learners graphically changes in quantity supplied and; Give a case study with Page 16 of 17 labour force, and explain the factors, such as HIV/AIDS, that impact on them. quantitative elements of Economics and other essentials LEARNERS ACTIVITIES RESOURCES ASSESSMENT Textbooks, Chalk board, Chalk, Graphbooks , Lead-pencils Pens , Eraser, Ruler. Baseline assessment Learners respond to questions Learners listen, ask questions and take notes Pay attention and respond to questions Role play(act) Pay attention and draw graphs Listen and participate in the discussion Learners compile a supply schedule and draw a graph using the supply schedule so as to come up with supply curve Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans Grade 10 Case study Controlled test DATE COMPLETED quantity supplied and price and ask the learners to complete a supply schedule and plot a graph Explains the composition of markets(buyers and sellers; product markets, and generic markets)and also the kinds of perfect and imperfect markets and their qualities discusses value, utility ,total utility and marginal utility and diminishing marginal utility Gives learners simulation based on utility,marginal utility and diminishing marginal utility Gives learners Controlled Test on lo’s and As’s covered Analyze and interprete case study Listen and take notes. Learners listen and discus what they know about value, utility total utility and diminishing marginal utility Do simulation Write controlled test Homework: Enrichment/Expanded Opportunities: Teacher Reflections: SIGNATURES: _____________________________ TEACHER Page 17 of 17 ________________ DATE Economics Term 1 Lesson Plans _____________________________ HOD / SMT Grade 10 ____________