JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Department of Public Administration and Justice Studies
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Fall 2014
3 hours
Instructor’s Name
Technical Support
Contact NAU ITS if you have any technical difficulties: (928) 523-9294 / (888) 520-7215 /
student computing@nau.edu
Course Pre-requisites
None
Course Description
Theories of procedures and methods of operations of public police with emphasis on
discretionary powers available to the working police officer. Career opportunities and
current trends in law enforcement presented.
Student Learning Outcomes
By the end of this course, students should be able to:
1. Analyze the relationship between government structure and policing in American
society. (I)
2. Identify and describe the principal roles and functions of the police in American
society, and describe the relationship between the police and the law. (I)
3. Identify and describe the various types of police departments and types of police
officers commonly found in policing. (I)
4. Identify the agencies found at the federal, state, and local levels of policing and
describe the role and function of each. (I)
5. Trace the history of policing from ancient times to the modern era. (II)
6. Identify and describe the major components of policing in modern America. (II)
7. Identify and describe the elements involved in the police selection process. (III)
8. Describe the major components of police officer training and career development
programs. (III)
9. Identify and describe major organizational theories and relate their application to
police administration and policing. (IV)
10. Outline and describe the major methods of police patrol and describe appropriate
patrol strategies and procedures for selected situations. (V)
11. Review the history of criminal investigation and identify and describe the processes
and procedures appropriate to preliminary and follow-up investigations. (V)
12. Describe the role of the police as it relates to traffic enforcement and identify and
describe special problems associated with traffic enforcement. (V)
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 1
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
13. Outline and describe the nature of police and administrative discretion, and relate
criteria involved in the decision to arrest or to investigate and report. (VI)
14. Identify and describe the internal and external mechanisms which influence and
control police discretion. (VI)
15. Identify and describe theoretical perspectives used to analyze the culture of policing.
(VII)
16. Identify and describe major components of policing as a subculture. (VII)
17. Identify and describe significant job related issues associated with policing. (VII)
18. Analyze the role and function of policing in the modern community. (VIII)
19. Describe the future of policing including the impact of technology on police work. (IX)
Course Structure and Approach
This online course is presented in seven learning modules.
Course Requirements, Policy and Evaluation
All course discussions and assignments are designed to provide a stimulating, practical
and collaborative learning environment. In order to achieve this goal it is imperative that
all participants be courteous and respectful of the opinions and perspectives of others.
Individual opinions, especially pertaining to public management, can evoke powerful
emotions. The commitment that each of us makes in this class is to agree to disagree in
a positive environment, and to treat each person in a respectful manner. Disrespectful,
hateful, angry behavior and/or conversation will not be tolerated in this course.
All readings, postings and assignments are due by 11:59p.m. MST (Arizona Time) on
the stated deadline. Students are expected to complete all readings, postings and
assignments by the stated deadlines. Late assignments are only permitted in extreme
extenuating circumstances. Please review the guidelines for requesting to submit
late assignments.
Course Design/Structure/Approach:
This course will be delivered entirely online in an asynchronous fashion. It is designed
to educate the student about Law Enforcement Systems through appropriate reading
assignments, online lectures, class discussions and research.
This is a reading-intensive course and students should be prepared to read not only the
required readings, but many of the recommended readings as well. You are expected to
examine the assigned readings before the start of each week, as well as read all related
literature and fully participate in the class discussions.
This course will be presented in seven learning modules. There are due dates for the
assignments, discussions, exams etc. and they must be completed by the due date. The
ONLY EXCEPTION to this policy will be if you are granted permission from the instructor
PRIOR TO the due date. This permission will be based on the student providing
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 2
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
documentation, where necessary, supporting the need to make up work.
The learning modules for this course are listed below. Each learning module page within
Bb Learn will provide an overview of the material covered in the module, the reading
requirements and the complete set of discussion questions for that particular module. All
module activities must be completed by the listed Module Due Dates.
Note: Late assignments will not be accepted.
This is a web-delivered course in Bb Learn. Although web courses have certain
advantages such as flexibility and convenience, they also require students to be selfdirected, self-motivated and ask questions where necessary. A web course demands a
great deal of personal responsibility on your part. You are responsible to know the
requirements set forth in the syllabus, do the readings, and know and adhere to
assignment deadlines.
You also need to ensure that you have dependable Internet access and a reliable
computer, and to plan your work realizing that “lost work,” power outages, computer
problems and so on can occur in a web-delivered course; none of these “realities” of a
web course are valid excuses for failing to complete assignments by the due date.
Required Textbook
Introduction to Policing by Steven Cox, William McCamey and Gene Scaramella from
Sage Publishing. This text is available through the bookstore and numerous online
sources. (ISBN - 978-1-4522-5661-0)
Supplemental Reading Material
Additional articles, powerpoints and videos will be posted online within the learning
modules.
Course Outline
Week One, Module 1
Module 1
Introduction to the
topic of Law
Enforcement
Systems as a
concept.
Introduction
Assignments:
1. Orientation Quiz
2. Syllabus & Agenda
Acknowledgement
3. Introduce Yourself
Assignment 2:
Required Reading:
Discussion Question
(Select One).
Each posting should be
200 to 300 words and
include a reference:
Introduction to
Policing;
200 words = 70%
250 words = 85%
300 words = 100%
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Chapter 1 (week
two will explore
this chapter in
more detail)
Page 3
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Discussion Question (Select One):
1. Analyze the relationship between government structure and policing in American
society.
2. Identify and describe the principal roles and functions of the police in American
society and describe the relationship between the police and the law.
3. Identify and describe the various types of police departments and types of police
officers commonly found in policing.
4. Identify the agencies found at the federal, state and local levels of policing, and
describe the role and function of each.
5. Describe your perceptions of the law enforcement profession in general.
6. Describe the early beginnings to policing in the United States.
7. Describe a significant figure in the competence development of the law
enforcement profession.
8. Is policing in the United States today true to its early origins? Please explain how
you came to your conclusion.
Week Two, Module 2
Module 2:
Assignment 1:
Assignment 2:
Required Reading:
The Origins and
Evolution of
American Policing
and Policing
Summarization Essay:
from ONE item from the
Module Material or from
Treverton – Chapter 7, or
other optional readings
Discussion Question
(Select One)
Each posting should be
200 to 300 words and
include a reference:
Introduction to
Policing;
Police in American
Society
Historical
Overview of
Policing
500 words = 70%
625 words = 85%
750 words = 100%
With at least one
reference
Chapters 1 - 4
200 words = 70%
250 words = 85%
300 words = 100%
Assignment 3: Quiz one
The Origins and Evolution of American Policing and Policing: Police in American
Society:
A. Government Structure and Policing
1. Constitutional Government
2. Separation of Powers
3. Principles of Federalism
B. Policing in the American Context; Roles and Functions of Police in Modern
Society
1. Police and the Law
2. Roles Performed by Police
3. Police Activities
C. Police and the Criminal Justice System: Models of Police Officers and Policing
1. Types of Departments
2. Types of Officers
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 4
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
D. Law Enforcement Agencies and their Organization: Diversity of the Police
Establishment
1. Federal Law Enforcement
2. State Law Enforcement
3. Local Law Enforcement
E. Historical Overview of Policing
1. Policing in Ancient Times
2. Police Development in England
3. Policing in Early America
4. Policing in Modern America
a. Police Entrenchment
b. Reform Efforts
c. Professional Policing
d. Return of Public and Community Relations
Reading Assignment - Chapters 1 - 4
1. To begin our class, please read chapters 1 & 2 that will cover the Origins and
Evolution of American Policing and Policing in the American Context. There are
also PowerPoint slides that accompany your readings to help clarify key issues,
so please view those!

Chapter 3 – Police and the Criminal Justice System and Chapter 4 - Law
Enforcement Agencies and their Organization – will wrap up our readings
regarding the foundations of law enforcement.
Discussion Questions (Select One):
1. Trace the history of policing from ancient times to the modern era.
2. Identify and describe the major components of policing in modern America.
3. From your review of The Origins and Evolution of American Policing and
Policing: Police in American Society - describe an area of interest from the
reading that captured your academic attention.
4. Describe the roles and functions of Police in modern society.
5. From your readings, provide an overview of the Police and the criminal justice
system with a focus on the models of Police Officers and policing examined.
6. Provide an overview of Law Enforcement agency structure and its organization:
diversity of the police profession.
7. Provide an overview of noteworthy historical aspects of the policing profession.
Week Three, Module 3
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 5
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Module 3
Police Selection,
Training &
Education
Early advisement of what
your research paper
focus will be upon; this is
tentative, but week 3 is a
good start place to build
your focus forward from..
Assignment 1: Quiz Two
Assignment 2:
Required Reading:
Discussion Question
(Select One)
Each posting should be
200 to 300 words and
include a reference.
200 words = 70%
250 words = 85%
300 words = 100%
Introduction to
Policing;
Chapters 5 -6
Theory of Police Selection
A. Affirmative Action
1. Policy
2. Procedure
B. Police Selection
1. Establishing Standards
2. Recruitment
3. Testing
4. Review Boards
C. Police Training
1. Basic Training
2. Field Training Officer Programs
3. In-Service Training
D. Officer Career Development
1. Lateral Expansion
2. Vertical Expansion
Discussion Questions (Select One):
1. Identify and describe the elements involved in the police selection process.
2. Describe the major components of police officer training and career development
programs. Explain the concept of affirmative action and why we should be
reflective of the diverse community that we serve.
3. Illustrate the importance of women on the law enforcement profession.
4. Provide an overview of the police training process and make a suggestion of any
missing topic area that you feel should be emphasized.
5. Within the law enforcement profession there are numerous positions available.
Please discuss one or more that you have specific interest in.
6. After reading 'You Decide 3.1' on page 63 respond to the two questions listed
after the scenario.
Week Four, Module 4
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 6
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Module 4:
Assignment 1:
Assignment 2:
Required Reading:
Police
Organization and
Management
Summarization Essay:
from ONE item from the
Module Material, or from
Treverton – Chapter 7, or
other optional readings
Discussion Question
(Select One)
Each posting should be
200 to 300 words and
include a reference:
Introduction to
Policing;
Police
Operations/Allocation of Personnel
500 words = 70%
625 words = 85%
750 words = 100%
With at least one
reference
Chapters 6 & 7
200 words = 70%
250 words = 85%
300 words = 100%
Police Organization and Management
A. Principles of Organization and Management
1. Levels of Organization
2. Classical Organizational Principles
B. Human Relations Theory
1. Major Theories
2. Application to Police Administration
C. Systems Theory
1. Application to Police Administration
2. Application to Policing
Police Operations/Allocation of Personnel
A. Police Patrol
1. Methods of Patrol
2. Deployment of Patrol Personnel
3. Police Patrol Strategies
4. Crimes in Progress
5. Crowd and Riot Control
6. Arrest and Apprehension Techniques
7. Prisoner Restraint, Search, and Custody
B. Criminal Investigation
1. Historical Overview
2. Preliminary
3. Follow-up
4. Effectiveness
C. Traffic Function
1. Enforcement
2. Special Enforcement Problems
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 7
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Discussion Questions (Select One):
1. Identify and describe major organizational theories and relate their application to
police administration and policing.
2. Describe principles of organization and management structure with police
organizations.
3. Describe the topic of “Human Relations Theory.”
4. Describe the topic of “Systems Theory.”
5. Illustrate at least two Police Operations functions and describe how the allocation
of personnel affects those assignments.
6. Select one of the police operations explained within your assigned chapters and
describe it in detail illustrate how it operates.
Week 5, Module 5
Module 5:
Assignment 1:
Assignment 2:
Required Reading:
Police and Administrative
Discretion
Quiz Three
Discussion Question
(Select One)
Each posting should be
200 to 300 words and
include a reference:
Introduction to
Policing;
Police Culture and
Behavior
Patrol and investigation
functions
Chapters 8,9 & 10
200 words = 70%
250 words = 85%
300 words = 100%
Community policing,
SARA problem-solving
model and domestic
violence
Reading assignments are chapters 8, 9 & 10. Last week we read and discussed how to
become a law enforcement officer, this week we will read and discuss the difference
aspects of actual police work. Chapter 8 consists of an overview of the duties when
working patrol and investigations. Chapter 9 consists of an overview of intelligence-led
policing and special problems that law enforcement face on a daily basis. Chapter 10
consists of an overview of community policing.
Please review the supplemental information in this module on community policing, SARA
problem-solving model and domestic violence.
Police and Administrative Discretion
A. Discretionary Situations
1. Domestic Violence
2. Vice-Crimes
3. Disenfranchised Populations
B. Decision to Arrest or Investigate and Report
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 8
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
1. Offender-Based Criteria
2. Situation-Based Criteria
3. System-Based Criteria
C. Control of Police Discretion
1. Internal Control Mechanisms
2. External Control Mechanisms
Police Culture and Behavior
A. Theoretical Perspectives
1. Psychological
2. Sociological
3. Anthropological
B. Police as a Subculture
1. World View
2. Ethos
3. Themes
4. Postulates
5. Ethics
C. Job-Related Concerns
1. Stress
2. Deviant Behavior
3. Illegal Behavior
4. Use of Force
5. Civil Liability
Discussion Questions (Select One):
1. Outline and describe the major methods of police patrol and describe appropriate
patrol strategies and procedures for selected situations.
2. Review the history of criminal investigation and identify and describe the
processes and procedures appropriate to preliminary and follow-up
investigations.
3. Describe the role of the police as it relates to traffic enforcement and identify and
describe special problems associated with traffic enforcement.
4. Describe the difference, in detail, between the patrol (line function) and the
Investigative (staff) functions of policing.
5. Illustrate examples of police and administrative discretion.
6. Describe the term “police culture” and the various definitions utilized to explain it.
7. Community policing is a large umbrella topic; illustrate some of the programs
included within this descriptive term.
8. Define what the term SARA. stands for and how it is utilized in solving community
problems.
9. Domestic violence has many sub-crimes contained within its descriptive term;
explain the overall concept and some of the sub-crimes there are connected.
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 9
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Week Six, Module 6
Module 6:
Assignment 1:
Assignment 2:
Required Reading:
Police in the
Modern
Community
Summarization Essay:
from ONE item from the
Module Material, or from
Treverton – Chapter 7, or
other optional readings
Discussion Question
(Select One)
Each posting should be
200 to 300 words and
include a reference:
Introduction to
Policing;
Use of Force
Ethics
Challenges
500 words = 70%
625 words = 85%
750 words = 100%
With at least one
reference
Chapters 11 & 12
200 words = 70%
250 words = 85%
300 words = 100%
Police in the Modern Community
A. Public Perceptions of Police
1. Public Attitude
2. Police-Community Relations
B. Crime Prevention
1. Primary Crime Prevention Programs
2. Community-Oriented Policing
C. Policing the Drug Problem
1. Drug Enforcement Techniques/Programs
2. Gang Strategies
3. Neighborhood Strategies
Discussion Questions (Select One):
1. Outline and describe the nature of police and administrative discretion and relate
criteria involved in the decision to arrest or investigate and report.
2. Identify and describe the internal and external mechanisms which influence and
control police discretion.
3. Provide an overview of policing as you see it within your community, and discuss
what recommendations you would offer the police chief in their resource
deployment.
4. Identify and describe major components of policing as a subculture. Use of force
is a topic that is constantly being examined within the law enforcement
profession. Explain your understanding of some of the tools available to reduce
injury to citizens, and the officers as well.
5. Identify and describe significant job-related issues associated with policing.
Explain the topic of ethics in relation to the law enforcement profession.
6. Describe some of the challenges facing the law enforcement profession currently
and offer any suggestions that you may have to resolve the noted issues.
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 10
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
7. Analyze the role and function of policing in the modern community. Crime
prevention is a vast topic; provide examples of at least three crime prevention
programs.
8. Narcotic enforcement is a challenge for all law enforcement agencies. From your
readings how would you address a neighborhood complaint of illegal drugs being
sold.
9. Describe the future of policing, including the impact of technology on police work.
Week Seven, Module 7
Module 7:
Assignment 1:
Assignment 2:
Future of Policing
Final Examination
Research Paper – 3 to 5
pages of content, double
spaced, APA Formatted,
12 font (Arial or Times
New Roman), minimum of
5 sources cited with a table
of contents, abstract,
bibliography & cover page.
Required Reading:
Introduction to
Policing;
Review only:
Chapters 13 & 14
3 pages of content = 70%
4 pages of content = 80%
5 pages of content = 100%
Future of Policing
A. Changing Roles and Functions
B. Changing Political and Legal Climates
C. Impact of Technology
1. Information Management
2. Communication Management
3. Field Operations
Assessment of Student Learning Outcomes
Weekly Discussion Board Activities (weeks 1-6)
Three Parts:
1. Answer 1 Posted Question: Each week I will post discuss questions related to the
current course topics. You need to answer ONE of these questions by integrating
the course readings and offering insightful comments.
2. Post 1 Discussion Question to the Class: You need to post a question to the
class. In your question, you need to briefly summarize the main point or points of
the module readings and suggest a topic of discussion.
3. Respond to 2 Postings from Your Classmates: You are also required to respond
to the posting of two of your classmates. Responses need to by beyond “I agree”
or “I disagree.” In your responses, I am looking to see how well you are able to
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 11
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
add to the “conversation.” This can be accomplished by offering your
interpretation of the course readings and/or from your personal experiences.
Summarization / Analysis Papers (due weeks 2, 4, and 6)
For these papers, you will research Law Enforcement System concepts and will show
impacts to past or current criminal justice policy (in the field of policing, courts, or
corrections). Specific details will be posted online within the learning modules.
Please address an item from the weekly content within your summarization / analysis
papers. A recommended length of your weekly summary should be between 550 (70%
Grade) to 750 words (100% possible grade); please hit the 750 word mark ,or over to
maximize the possible points. Also to assist you to maximize the points, you should
format your essay as such: (APA Formatted)
Header: Such as - History of Law Enforcement; Crime & Criminal Justice
Name;
Word Count; _____ Words
Essay Title; Week One, Chapter One; History of Law Enforcement; Crime & Criminal
Justice
Remember to cite/reference your work to max out the points.
Term / Research Paper (due week 7)
The goal is critically analyze criminal justice policies, the theories behind the policies and
the consequences and/or benefits of such policies. You are free to explore any theory
we discussed in the course.
Due Week 7
100 points possible
Research
Paper
Research Paper – 3 to 5 pages of
content, double spaced, APA
Formatted, 12 font (Arial or Times
New Roman), minimum of 5
sources cited with a table of
contents, abstract, bibliography &
cover page.
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
3 pages of content = 70%
4 pages of content = 80%
5 pages of content = 100%
Cover Page
Abstract or Table of Contents
3 to 5 pages of content
5 cites/references
Page 12
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Research Paper Design Template
Additional Comments:
Your research Paper can be any topic relating
to the course content
All key elements of the assignment are covered
in a substantive way.
The body of the paper is 5 full content pages in
length
The content is comprehensive, accurate, and
persuasive.
Major points are stated clearly; are supported by
specific details, examples, or analysis; and are
organized logically.
The introduction provides sufficient background
on the topic and previews major points.
The conclusion is logical, flows from the body of
the paper, and reviews the major points.
Readability and Style
50 Points
Points Earned
/50
Additional Comments:
Paragraph transitions are present, logical, and
maintain the flow throughout the paper.
The tone is appropriate to the content and
assignment.
3 to 5 pages of content,
double spaced,
APA Formatted,
Sentences are complete, clear and concise.
12 font (Arial or Times New Roman),
Sentences are well constructed, with consistently
minimum of 5 sources cited
strong, varied sentences.
Sentence transitions are present and maintain
the flow of thought.
Mechanics
50 Points
with a table of contents, abstract, bibliography
Points Earned
/50
The paper, including the title page and
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 13
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
reference page follows APA formatting
guidelines.
3 pages of content = 70%
4 pages of content = 80%
5 pages of content = 100%
Citations of original works within the body of the
Cover Page
paper follow APA guidelines.
Abstract or Table of Contents
3 to 5 pages of content
The paper is laid out with effective use of
headings, font styles, and white space.
Rules of grammar, usage, and punctuation are
followed.
5 cites/references
.
Spelling is correct.
Total 100 Possible Points
Possible Points Earned:
/100
Final Exam, Week Seven
This is a comprehensive exam designed to assess your knowledge of the theories
discussed throughout the course. You are welcome to use your notes and book, but you
must work alone and submit your own work in your own words.
Exam Format: The exam will be open for one week. You will have four hours to complete
five essay questions. The time begins once your start the exam.
Grading Rubrics
Discussion Board Postings and Responses:
A= (1) fully integrates the module readings into the discussion question or answer, (2)
references the module readings (beyond just quoting the material), (3) offers personal
thoughts on the topic (what does this really mean), (4) addresses how this topic impacts
criminal justice practice or policies, and (5) free of grammatical, spelling, and APA
citation errors.
And the student responds to the postings of TWO classmates by offering insightful
comments that move the conversation forward.
B= (1) attempts to integrate the module readings into the discussion question or answer,
(2) references the module readings (beyond just quoting the material), (3) offers
personal thoughts on the topic (what does this really mean), (4) addresses how this topic
impacts criminal justice practice or policies, and (5) very few grammatical, spelling
and/or APA citation errors.
And the student responds to the postings of TWO classmates by offering insightful
comments that move the conversation forward.
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 14
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
C= (1) briefly integrates the module readings into the discussion question or answer, (2)
briefly references the module readings, (3) offers personal thoughts on the topic (what
does this really mean), (4) briefly addresses how this topic impacts criminal justice
practice or policies, and/or (5) several grammatical, spelling and/or APA citation errors.
Or the student fails to respond to the postings of TWO classmates by offering insightful
comments that move the conversation forward.
D/F= (1) fails to integrate the module readings into the discussion question or answer,
(2) fails to significantly reference the module readings, (3) fails to offer significant
personal thoughts on the topic (what does this really mean), (4) fails to or briefly
addresses how this topic impacts criminal justice practice or policies, and/or (5) several
grammatical, spelling and/or APA citation errors.
Discussion Posting Format
Since this is an online course, students are expected to participate in a substantive way
(e.g., engaging synthesis and analysis skills) in weekly discussions devoted to courserelevant topics. This course will use the e-Learning Center Online Discussion
Participation Rubric found at http://www2.nau.edu/delearn/support/tutorials/discrubrics/disc1.php. In addition to the four criteria delineated in
the rubric a fifth criteria will be required for this course – “Integrating and Citing required
and Supplemental Readings.”
a) Each student is required to select a discussion question each week and respond, with
citations that support their responses. The recommended window for completing these
discussion questions would be at the front end of the academic week (within the first four
days).
b) Students are then required to respond briefly in a professional, academic fashion, to
the posts of two other students. This fosters points and counterpoints, and academic
debate. The recommended window for completing these responses would be in the
latter part of the academic week (i.e. the last three days), in order to maximize the
number of discussion questions addressed.
Each posting should be 200 to 300 words and include a reference:
200 words = 70%
250 words = 85%
300 words = 100%
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 15
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Additional Discussion Posting Etiquette
1. Everyone participates. This is one of the distinct advantages of Discussion Boards.
Those who think fast are at no greater advantage than those who prefer to process
awhile or those who tend to keep quiet and not participate during physical classroom
discussions. This is your chance to openly and freely discuss issues raised in this
class. The Discussion Board is the most important tool for online learning and your
participation will be a significant part of your course grade!
2. Discussions are held via the written word. Please be mindful of the fact that written
communication is different from face-to-face communication and consider your words
carefully. In written communication we lack the ability to see non-verbal cues that
help us place our verbal speech in context, and without these non-verbal cues it
makes it more difficult to determine the tone of the writer, and sometimes the intent.
3. Also, on occasion some people write statements that they would not feel comfortable
saying in a face-to-face conversation. Please take these and other differences you
have noticed into account when communicating in this class. Some topics may be
controversial or evoke strong emotions. The following will be stated for the record: All
perspectives and views are welcome in this class, with the exception of overtly
offensive remarks and writings which violate standards of academic pursuits and are
intended to cause discomfort to others.
4. Attack ideas...DO NOT attack people. For example, don’t say, “You’re wrong” in
response to a threaded discussion. Instead, please say something like, “I disagree
with the point.” The professor’s participation will often use the Socratic method by
asking questions to stimulate thinking and the discussion, rather than giving
authoritative answers. Any student who communicates inappropriately and oversteps the bounds of decorum in this class will be given ONE warning that his/her
written speech is unacceptable behavior. If the behavior continues the person will not
be allowed to participate in the discussions and assignments. Should this happen
that person would not receive credit for any and all discussions and assignments
missed as a result of his/her written speech.
5. Take the time and effort to write professionally. Use proper spelling and grammar as
if you are submitting a written paper. Avoid “net slang” and other jargon. Remember,
this is not a “chat room” or informal discussion with friends. It is a classroom
environment where you are being academically evaluated. Points will be deducted
for poorly written posts.
6. To maximize the value of the Board, the class must be “in synch” in terms of timing –
so if you don’t post on time you will lose points. In addition, the earlier you complete
the post, the more likely you will be to get substantive feedback from others.
7. Each posting MUST cite references used. Posts can’t just be opinions, but have to
include material that is “authoritative,” based on source material. When you
paraphrase or quote, tie the specific citation for that material to that portion of the
posting (i.e. author: page #, or article title/date). Points will be deducted for any posts
that do not include specific references.
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 16
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
8. Multiple short paragraphs are better than single long paragraphs.
This course will use the e-Learning Center Online Discussion Participation Rubric found
at http://www2.nau.edu/d-elearn/support/tutorials/discrubrics/disc1.php
Final Exam
Your grade for each question will be based on the following:
1. The accuracy of your answer.
2. How well you are able to synthesize the information (apply the theory and show
that you clearly understand the material).
3. Your ability to connect theory to practice.
4. Spelling, grammar, conciseness of answer (more is not better).
Grading System
Assignment
Discussion Board; weeks 1-6
Summarization / Analysis
Papers; weeks 2/4/6
Quiz’s: weeks 2/3/5
Final Research Paper; week 7
Final Exam; week 7
Total Points
A= 90-100%
B= 80-89.9%
C= 70-79.9%
D= 60-69.9%
F= 59.9% and below
Points
6 x 25 points
3 x 50 points
Total
150
150
3 x 25 points
1 x 100 points
1 x 100 points
75
100
100
575
517.5 – 575 points
460 - 517 points
402.5 - 459
345 – 402 points
Less than 344 points
Course Policy
Re-tests/make-up Test: (1) Retests and make-up tests are not permitted, (2) You are not
permitted to resubmit papers, (3) Late assignments are not accepted.
Guidelines for Requesting to Submit Late Assignments
1. As a general rule, late assignments will not be accepted:
 Students in online courses are typically juggling family, work and school.
Everyone is sacrificing their personal life to fulfill their education. I will only
grant extensions in the most extreme and unavoidable situations.
2. If an unexpected emergency occurs, one which will prevent you from submitting
your assignment on-time, please send me an email to request an extension, prior
to the due date of the assignment.
Please note, these are not valid reasons to request an extension:
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 17
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
1. Computer problems
 Online courses offer flexibility, but there are inherent shortcomings---you
must have a reliable computer and Internet access---technical difficulties of
any kind will not constitute a valid reason for requesting to submit late
assignments.
2. Assignment did not post or attach (remember to check to make sure your
assignment is attached)
 Only submit assignments as Word Docs or directly in the textbox
3. Vacation plans
 The course is structured to provide you with opportunities to compete work in
advance.
Problems with Bb Learn when Submitting Assignments
If you are having problems with Bb Learn, please contact the Student Technology
Center.
Attendance
This is an online class; there are not any in-person class meetings. You are expected to
log into the course on a regular basis (at least one time a day (M-F) and read the course
announcements and course emails.
Plagiarism and Cheating
You are expected to submit only your own work. Plagiarism will not be tolerated. If you
quote or paraphrase from other materials you must cite your sources internally in the
document (Author, Page), and then list the complete reference at the end of your posting
or assignment. Please read the University Policy Statements for further information
pertaining to academic integrity and classroom civility.
You are not permitted to submit work in this class that you have submitted in a previous
course (this is considered also considered plagiarism).
Citing Sources
Please follow the APA guidelines for citing sources. For assistance in APA formatting,
grammar, and the use of punctuation, please see the Purdue University’s Online Writing
Lab (OWL) at http://owl.english.purdue.edu/.
NORTHERN ARIZONA UNIVERSITY
POLICY STATEMENTS
SAFE ENVIRONMENT POLICY
NAU’s Safe Working and Learning Environment Policy seeks to prohibit discrimination
and promote the safety of all individuals within the university. The goal of this policy is to
prevent the occurrence of discrimination on the basis of sex, race, color, age, national
origin, religion, sexual orientation, disability, or veteran status and to prevent sexual
harassment, sexual assault or retaliation by anyone at this university.
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 18
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
You may obtain a copy of this policy from the college dean’s office or from the NAU’s
Affirmative Action website. If you have concerns about this policy, it is important that you
contact the departmental chair, dean’s office, the Office of Student Life (928-523-5181),
or NAU’s Office of Affirmative Action (928-523-3312).
STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES
If you have a documented disability, you can arrange for accommodations by contacting
Disability Resources (DR) at 523-8773 (voice) or 523-6906 (TTY), dr@nau.edu (e-mail)
or 928-523-8747 (fax).Students needing academic accommodations are required to
register with DR and provide required disability related documentation. Although you
may request an accommodation at any time, in order for DR to best meet your individual
needs, you are urged to register and submit necessary documentation (www.nau.edu/dr)
8 weeks prior to the time you wish to receive accommodations. DR is strongly committed
to the needs of student with disabilities and the promotion of Universal Design. Concerns
or questions related to the accessibility of programs and facilities at NAU may be
brought to the attention of DR or the Office of Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity
(523-3312).
INSTITUTIONAL REVIEW BOARD
Any study involving observation of or interaction with human subjects that originates at
NAU—including a course project, report, or research paper—must be reviewed and
approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) for the protection of human subjects in
research and research-related activities.
The IRB meets monthly. Proposals must be submitted for review at least fifteen working
days before the monthly meeting. You should consult with your course instructor early in
the course to ascertain if your project needs to be reviewed by the IRB and/or to secure
information or appropriate forms and procedures for the IRB review. Your instructor and
department chair or college dean must sign the application for approval by the IRB. The
IRB categorizes projects into three levels depending on the nature of the
project: exempt from further review, expedited review, or full board review. If the IRB
certifies that a project is exempt from further review, you need not resubmit the project
for continuing IRB review as long as there are no modifications in the exempted
procedures.
A copy of the IRB Policy and Procedures Manual is available in each department’s
administrative office and each college dean’s office or on their website:
http://www.research.nau.edu/vpr/IRB/index.htm. If you have questions, contact the IRB
Coordinator in the Office of the Vice President for Research at 928-523-8288 or 5234340.
ACADEMIC INTEGRITY
The university takes an extremely serious view of violations of academic integrity. As
members of the academic community, NAU’s administration, faculty, staff and students
are dedicated to promoting an atmosphere of honesty and are committed to maintaining
the academic integrity essential to the education process. Inherent in this commitment is
the belief that academic dishonesty in all forms violates the basic principles of integrity
and impedes learning. Students are therefore responsible for conducting themselves in
an academically honest manner.
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 19
JUS 240 Law Enforcement Systems
Individual students and faculty members are responsible for identifying instances of
academic dishonesty. Faculty members then recommend penalties to the department
chair or college dean in keeping with the severity of the violation. The complete policy on
academic integrity is in Appendix G of NAU’s Student Handbook
http://www4.nau.edu/stulife/handbookdishonesty.htm.
ACADEMIC CONTACT HOUR POLICY
The Arizona Board of Regents Academic Contact Hour Policy (ABOR Handbook, 2-206,
Academic Credit) states: “an hour of work is the equivalent of 50 minutes of class
time…at least 15 contact hours of recitation, lecture, discussion, testing or evaluation,
seminar, or colloquium as well as a minimum of 30 hours of student homework is
required for each unit of credit.”
The reasonable interpretation of this policy is that for every credit hour, a student should
expect, on average, to do a minimum of two additional hours of work per week; e.g.,
preparation, homework, studying.
SENSITIVE COURSE MATERIALS
If an instructor believes it is appropriate, the syllabus should communicate to students
that some course content may be considered sensitive by some students.
“University education aims to expand student understanding and awareness. Thus, it
necessarily involves engagement with a wide range of information, ideas, and creative
representations. In the course of college studies, students can expect to encounter—and
critically appraise—materials that may differ from and perhaps challenge familiar
understandings, ideas, and beliefs. Students are encouraged to discuss these matters
with faculty.”
For further information, please visit:
http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/academicadmin/policy1.html
Developed By: Dr. Jeffeory G. Hynes, Ed.D.
Page 20