Course
Code
Credit Hour
Lecture
Practical
Lecturers
: Biochemical Engineering
: SY20403
:3
: 2 hours/week
: 3 hours/week
: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Jualang Azlan Gansau and Mdm. Roslina Jawan
Synopsis
The course introduces the essential concepts of bioprocessing and emphasizes the integration of
biology and chemical engineering. Important biological concepts most relevant to bioprocessing
are reinforced. These include primary metabolite pathway, metabolism and their regulations,
recombinant DNA technology, cell growth and product formation, and microbial growth
stoichiometry. Engineering principles for bioprocesses are introduced to address the issues in
transport in bioprocess system, design, selection, operation of bioreactors, bioprocess application
in biological system, as well as in separation and purification of bioproducts.
Objectives


To explain what is biochemical engineering to the students.
To explain to the students the relationship between biological system and engineering
aspects.
Assessment
Quiz
Practical/Tutorial Report
Assignment
Mid Semester Exam
Final Semester Exam
:
:
:
:
:
5%
15%
10%
30%
40%
1
Course Content
Week
1
2
3
4
5
Scope of Lecture
Introduction to Bioprocess Fundamentals
Historical developments of bioprocessing technology
Overview of traditional and modern applications of biotechnology
Interdisciplinary approach to bioprocessing
Outlines of integrated bioprocess
Unit Operation in Bioprocess
Overview of Microbiology
Historic background
Microscopy
Microbial taxonomy
Chemical composition
Nutritional requirements
Metabolism
Prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cell
Viruses
Fungi
Algae
Protozoa
Importance of microbiology
Introduction to Biochemistry
Lipids
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic acids
Vitamins
Metabolism of Cell
What is metabolism
Free energy
Metabolism of glucose
Metabolism of nitrogen compounds
Function of cell
Need of molecular biology
Central dogma of molecular biology
DNA replication: Cellular information preservation and propagation
Protein synthesis
Metabolic pathway control
Transport of molecules across cellular membranes
Enzymes
History of enzymes
Classification of enzymes
Enzymes as biological catalysts
Enzyme specificity
Immobilization of enzymes
Industrial application of enzymes
Kinetics of Enzymatic Reactions
Chemical kinetics
Enzyme kinetics
Non-Michaelis-Menten kinetics
Remarks
JAG
JAG
JAG
JAG
(Quiz)
JAG
2
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Enzyme deactivation
Bisubstrate reactions
Supported enzymes
Stoichiometry of Microbial Growth and Product Formation
Introduction
Some other definitions
Stoichiometry calculations
Theoretical predictions of yield coefficients
Kinetics of Microbial and Biochemical Reactors
Phases of cell growth
Kinetic models for cell growth
Growth of filamentous organism
Substrate and product inhibition on cell growth
Structured models
Design equation based on biochemical reaction
Kinetics of Homogenous Reactions and Enzymes
Searching for metabolism
Batch reactor data analysis
MID SEMESTER BREAK
Ideal Reactors
Design if ideal reactors
Single reactor
Multiple reactor
Multiple Reactions
Parallel reactions
Series reactions
Series-parallel reactions
Non-isothermal reactions
Design principles
Non-Ideal Flow
Reasons for non-ideality
RTD studies
Diagnosis of ills of flow reactors
Modeling of non-ideal behavior
Rheology and Mixing in Fermentation Broths
Nature of fluids and their classification
Boundary layer concept
Flow through pipes
Newtonian and non-newtonian fluids
Evaluation of rheological data
Mixing in fermentation broths
Power required for mixing
Mass transfer in Bioprocessing Operations
Mass transfer by diffusion
Theories of diffusional mass transfer
Mass transfer by convection
Oxygen transfer methodology in fermenters
Factors affecting oxygen transfer rate
Heterogeneous Reaction Systems
Mass transfer considerations
Intra-particle diffusion and reaction rate
Effectiveness factor and thiele modulus
JAG
JAG
(Quiz)
RJ
RJ
RJ
(Quiz)
RJ
RJ
RJ
3
Observable thiele modulus
Bioreactor selection criteria
15
Product Recovery (briefly)
Removal of suspended solids
Filtration
Sedimentation
Centrifugation
Cell discruption
Extraction
Membrane separation
Chromatography
Crystallisation
Drying
Design and Analysis of Bioreactors (briefly)
Stability and analysis of bioreactors
Application of design to continuous sterilizers
Design and operation of bioreactors
Bioreactor for plant and animal cells
Scale-up of bioreactors
Some criteria for selection of bioreactors
16
17
Applications to Nonconventional Biological Systems
Bioprocess considerations in using animal cell culture
Bioprocess considerations in using plant cell culture
Utilizing genetically engineered organisms
Medical applications of bioprocess engineering
Mixed cultures
STUDY WEEK
FINAL EXAM
RJ
Practical Class
Practical
1
2
3
4
5
Practical Topic
Aseptic culture techniques
Preparation of media and growth of bacteria
Yogurt fermentation with mixed culture
Streptococcus
Cell immobilized bioreactor
Introduction to bioreactor
of
Lactobacillus
and
Remark
RJ/JAG
RJ/JAG
RJ/JAG
RJ/JAG
RJ/JAG
References
1. Baileys, J.E. and Ollis, D.F. 1986. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals (2nd). McGraw-Hill
Inc. Singapore.
2. Doble, M. and Gummadi, S.N. 2007. Biochemical Engineering. Prentice-Hall of India Private
Limited. New Delhi.
3. Shuler, M.L and Kargi, F. 2002. Bioprocess Engineering: Basic Concept. Prentice Hall PTR,
NJ, USA.
4. Rao, D.G. 2007. Introduction to Biochemical Engineering. Tata McGraw-Hill Publising
Company Limited. New Delhi.
4