Chapters 40, 43, 45, 48, and part of 36
Chapter 40: Animal Form and Function

I can apply the significance of surface area to volume ratio when
explaining different animal internal exchange surfaces.

I can explain how interactions and coordination between organs and organ
systems provide essential biological activities

I can describe both positive and negative feedback, provide one example
of each kind, and explain which type of feedback helps to maintain homeostasis.

I can explain different homeostatic strategies for thermoregulation seen in
animals.

I can explain what metabolic rate is and how it influenced by the following:
a. size of animal
b. energy budget of the animal
Focus Questions:
1. Explain the significance of surface area to volume ratio when explaining
different animal internal exchange surfaces.
2. How do interactions and coordination between organs and organ systems
provide essential biological activities
3. Describe both positive and negative feedback, provide one example of
each kind, and explain which type of feedback helps to maintain homeostasis.
4. Explain different homeostatic strategies for thermoregulation seen in
animals.
5. Explain what metabolic rate is and how it influenced by the size of animal
and energy budget of the animal
Chapter 43: The Immune System
I can explain innate immunity by:

describing barrier defenses

describing internal defenses
I can explain adaptive immunity by:

describing humoral response which includes:

B cells

plasma cells

antibodies

memory cells

helper T cells

cell mediated response which includes:

Helper T cells

cytotoxic T cells

memory cells
I can identify and explain the parts of the immune system that represent how
cells communicate via local/paracrine communication.
I can explain the difference between a primary and secondary immune
responses.
I can explain the difference between active and passive immunity
C 43 Focus questions:
1. What is the functional difference between cell mediated and humoral
immunity? Why do we have both types?
2. Which blood cells are involved in cell mediated immunity?
Which blood cells are involved in humoral immunity?
3. Which blood cells are involved in paracrine/local communication?
4. Why is it that you don’t get the chicken pox, once you have already had it?
5. If you are bit by a venomous snake, what type of immunity are you given
when you receive an anti venom injection? When you received your hepatitis
vaccination, what type of immunity are you given?
Chapter 45 Hormones and The Endocrine System
 I can identify and explain the role that hormones have in homeostatic
pathways.
 I can diagram how hormones bind to target receptors and trigger specific
pathways.
 I can provide an example and describe the action of one hormone that
displays positive feedback and one that displays negative feedback.
 I can explain how steroid and peptide hormone differ as ligands in signal
transduction pathways.
 I can explain the significance of having antagonistic hormones to maintain
homeostasis.
 I have memorized the names of 2 specific antagonistic hormones and
understand how they work together to maintain homeostasis.
Chapter 45 Focus Questions
1. Identify and explain the role that hormones have in homeostatic pathways.
2. Diagram how hormones bind to target receptors and trigger specific pathways.
3. Give an example and describe the action of one hormone that displays
positive feedback and one that displays negative feedback.
4. Explain how steroid and peptide hormone differ as ligands in signal
transduction pathways.
5. Explain the significance of having antagonistic hormones to maintain
homeostasis.
6. List the names of 2 specific antagonistic hormones and understand how they
work together to maintain homeostasis.
Chapter 48: Neurons Synapses and Signaling

I can diagram the parts of a neuronal circuit and explain how all of the
parts work together to generate an impulse.

I can show how a neuron has a cell body, axon, dendrite and how many
have a myelin sheath.

I can explain how the structure of the neuron allows for the detection,
generation, transmission and integration of signal information.

I can explain how Schwann cells form the myelin sheath and allow
impulses to travel faster along the neuron.

I can explain the difference between ligand gated and voltage gated
channels and the role that each play in the neuronal circuit

I can explain how action potentials propagate impulses along neurons

I can explain the electrical potentials across membranes of neurons

I can explain how the Na+ and K+ gated channels cause depolarization
and re-polarization respectively.

I can explain how the Na+ /K+ pump maintains the membrane potential by
never stopping.

I can show and explain how transmission of information between neurons
occurs across synapses.

I can describe the role of neurotransmitters in chemical synapses.

I can describe how neurotransmitters transmit information that results in a
response.

I can explain that this resultant response can be excitatory or inhibitory.

I can explain how different regions of the brain have different functions
such as vision, hearing, muscle movement etc.

I can summarize how the nervous system receives a signal, integrates the
information and produces a response.
Chapter 36: Phototropism and Photoperiodism
I can define what phototropism is, and explain how auxin causes this to happen.
I can describe what photoperiodism is and explain how phytochromes relate to
flowering in plants.