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Final Report to the Virginia
Tobacco Settlement Foundation: FY 2010-12
Virginia Youth Tobacco Projects Research Coalition Core
Robert Balster, Ph.D.
J. Randy Koch, Ph.D.
Co-Principal Investigators
Alison Breland
Aashir Nasim
Co-Investigators
August 31, 2012
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Executive Summary
With funding from the Virginia Foundation for Healthy Youth (VFHY), the Virginia Youth
Tobacco Projects (VYTP) Research Coalition was established in 2002 to advance the prevention of
youth tobacco use through an integrated program of basic and applied research, research translation
and dissemination. The goals of the VYTP are to:
1. Attract new faculty to work on problems of adolescent tobacco use;
2. Facilitate the development of multi-university, multi-disciplinary collaborations in carrying out
the VFHY research program;
3. Disseminate the results of adolescent tobacco use research to other researchers, policy makers
and practitioners;
4. Use VFHY sponsorship to leverage additional funding for youth tobacco research; and,
5. Promote the translation of research findings into improved prevention services and tobacco
control policies.
The VYTP Research Coalition was funded for an additional three years (under the title of the
VYTP Research Coalition Core) beginning July 1, 2009 to continue its successful efforts of the
previous 6 years. Major accomplishments for the FY 2010-12 grant period include:
1. The continued growth of the VYTP Research Coalition, now including a total of 49
investigators from eight universities. This represents a net increase of six members over the
FY 2007-10 grant period.
2. Six studies funded through the VYTP Small Grants Program. Once again, these studies
represented a broad range of disciplines and research topics, and were successful in attracting
several new investigators to the field of adolescent tobacco use while also contributing to our
knowledge of youth tobacco use.
3. Three annual meetings of the VYTP Research Coalition. These meetings provided a venue
for VYTP investigators to share their research findings and explore opportunities for future
collaborations. The Coalition meetings also served as a setting for presentations and
workshops by outside speakers, thus providing a mechanism for members to further enhance
their knowledge and skills related to youth tobacco use research. Of particular note is that
there was a large and increasing participation by students. This is critical to ensuring that
there is a future generation of talented researchers studying youth tobacco use.
4. Preparation of an update to the Summary and Integration of Virginia Tobacco Settlement
Foundation Funded Research under the Virginia Youth Tobacco Projects: 2002 to 2007.
This report summarizes and integrates all research funded by the VFHY and provides
recommendations for future directions for both VYTP investigators and the VFHY.
5. A study conducted by Dr. Alan Dow (VCU School of Medicine) that: (a) assessed the quality
of instruction regarding tobacco (including health consequences, epidemiology, prevention,
treatment, etc.) at Virginia’s Dental, Medical, and Osteopathic schools, (b) characterized the
gap between existing education and desired education, and (c) identified successes and
barriers across institutions.
6. The triennial VYTP research conference conducted in April, 2012. Once again, this
conference was a tremendous success. Titled The Future of Tobacco Control: Implications
for the Prevention of Youth Tobacco Use in Virginia, this conference brought together 121
researchers, policy makers and preventionists for two days of presentations and discussions
on topics critical to the future of tobacco control.
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Overall, the VYTP Research Coalition has been extremely successful in building a strong
program of research on the causes and prevention of youth tobacco use. It has facilitated the
entry of both junior and senior researchers into this field of research and stimulated
collaborations across institutional and disciplinary boundaries. Its success can also be seen by the
tremendous productivity of its participating faculty, who submitted 36 grant applications of
which 19 were funded, published over 116 manuscripts, and made more than 88 conference
presentations on youth tobacco use. VYTP Research Coalition members continue to make a
significant contribution to the field of tobacco control for Virginia and for the nation.
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Final Report to the Virginia
Tobacco Settlement Foundation: FY 2010-12
Virginia Youth Tobacco Projects Research Coalition Core
Robert Balster, Ph.D.
J. Randy Koch, Ph.D.
Co-Principal Investigators
Alison Breland, Ph.D.
Aashir Nasim, Ph.D.
Co-Investigators
Project Overview
With funding from the Virginia Foundation for Healthy Youth (VFHY), the Virginia Youth
Tobacco Projects (VYTP) Research Coalition was established in 2002 to advance the prevention of
youth tobacco use and nicotine dependence through an integrated program of basic and applied
research, research translation and dissemination. The goals of the VYTP are to:
1. Attract new faculty to work on problems of adolescent tobacco use;
2. Facilitate the development of multi-university, multi-disciplinary collaborations in carrying out
the VFHY research program;
3. Disseminate the results of adolescent tobacco use research to other researchers, policy makers
and practitioners;
4. Use VFHY sponsorship to leverage additional funding for youth tobacco research; and,
5. Promote the translation of research findings into improved prevention services and tobacco
control policies.
The VYTP Research Coalition was funded for an additional three years (under the title of the
VYTP Research Coalition Core) beginning July 1, 2009 to continue its successful efforts of the
previous 3 years and to conduct new initiatives that would further the accomplishment of the
Coalition’s goals. The specific aims for the current project period were to:
1. Continue to facilitate multi-university and multi-disciplinary collaborations, information sharing
and skill development through the VYPT Research Coalition and build linkages to the broader
substance abuse research community.
2. Attract new investigators to conduct research on the etiology and prevention of youth tobacco use
and stimulate new areas of research by conducting a small grants program.
3. Develop recommendations for new policies and practices that are based on the results of past
research and that could be implemented in specific settings where youth tobacco use may be
reduced.
4. Continue our efforts to facilitate the translation of research into practice by conducting a
conference that brings together researchers, policy makers and practitioners.
5. Disseminate products of VYTP research through maintenance of a web site, presentations at
national meetings and preparation of reports and brochures. Assist VFHY in bringing national
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prominence to the VYTP research efforts and assist the VFHY in explaining and packaging its
scientific research efforts.
Progress on Specific Aims
VYTP Research Coalition Development
Membership
At the conclusion of the FY 2010-12 grant period, the VYTP Research Coalition had a
total of 49 members from eight universities, a net increase of six over the FY 2007-10 grant
period. Most importantly, the vast majority of members actively participated in VYTP events
and several also supported their students’ participation in VYTP activities. Despite numerous
outreach efforts, no new faculty from historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs)
joined the VYTP Research Coalition during the grant period, and there are still only two
members from HBCUs.
Table 1.
VYTP Membership
Edmund Acevedo, VCU
Robert Balster, VCU
Cristina Bares, VCU
Robert Barnet, WM
Faye Belgrave, VCU
Donna Bond, VT
Richard Bonnie, UVA
Nisha Botchwey, UVA
Viktor E. Bovbjerg, UVA
Kim Boyd, VSU
Alison Breland, VCU
Darlene H. Brunzell, VCU
Josh Burk, WM
Yvonne Chen, VT
Rose Corona, VCU
Imad Damaj, VCU
Steve Danish, VCU
Alan Dow, VCU
Earl Dowdy, VCU
Tom Eissenberg, VCU
Karl J. Fryxell, GMU
Desideria S. Hacker, NSU
Linda Haddad, VCU
Linda Hancock, VCU
Alton Hart, VCU
Ivora Hinton, UVA
Patricia Hollen, UVA
Pamela Hunt, WM
Jessica Irons, JMU
May Kennedy, VCU
Lori Keyser-Marcus, VCU
Nadine Kabbani, GMU
Christine E. Kaestle, VT
Ken Kendler, VCU
Pamela Kulbok,UVA
J. Randy Koch, VCU
Julie Linker, VCU
Wendy J. Lynch, UVA
Jennifer Manuel, VCU
Craig McDonald, GMU
Mary O’Laughlen, UVA
Peggy Meszaros, VT
Aashir Nasim, VCU
Susan E. Robinson, VCU
Zewelanji Serpell, VSU
Robert Smith, GMU
Dace Svikis, VCU
Betsy Turf, VCU
Diane Wilson, VCU
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VYTP Annual Meetings
Three annual meetings of the full VYTP membership were conducted during the project
period. The meetings were held on March 24-25, 2010, March 9-10 2011, and November 29,
2011. The March 24-25, 2010 meeting featured presentations by each of the six large grant
awardees who provided an update on progress in their studies. In addition, this meeting featured
presentations by each of the six small grant program awardees, who also provided an update on
their projects. This meeting also featured several other presentations. Dr. Alison Breland spoke
about a report on Youth Smoking Cessation Interventions (co-authored by Dr. Breland, Dr.
Suzanne Colby, Dr. Geri Dino, Dr. Kim Horn, Ms. Ginny Smith, and Ms. Melissa Taylor). In
addition, this meeting included a panel presentation by VFHY-Funded program directors (Brandi
Jancaitis and Charlene Edwards from Richmond Behavioral Health Authority; Debbie
McGaughey from the Boys & Girls Clubs of Southwest Virginia; and Ellen Jones from Global
Wellness Solutions), titled A View from the Front Lines. Finally, the meeting featured a
presentation by Jeff Jordan, the President and Founder of the Rescue Social Change Group. Mr.
Jordan’s presentation focused on The Development and Evaluation of Social Marketing
Campaigns for Youth Tobacco Use.
The second VYTP annual meeting (March 9-10, 2011) featured presentations on each of
the large research grants funded during the 2009-2012 project period. In addition, Dr. Bob
Balster gave a presentation about a report on Alternative Tobacco Products (written with Dr.
Tom Eissenberg and Dr. Matt Barry). Finally, this meeting featured presentations by students
and post-doctoral fellows from various Virginia universities (Caroline Cobb, Andrea Vansickel,
A. Kate Clark, Monica Kimbrell, Esther Thatcher, and Mai Alajaji) on a variety of topics related
to tobacco use.
The third VYTP annual meeting was held on November 29, 2011, earlier than usual
because of the VYTP conference held in March 2012. Because of the previous, March 2011
meeting, this meeting was just one day in duration. The meeting featured a workshop on What’s
New on the Genetics of Tobacco Use and Nicotine Addiction, by Drs. Ken Kendler and Sam
Chen. Also, Dr. Alison Breland gave a presentation on the updated Summary and Integration of
VFHY-funded Research, a report prepared by the VYTP Research Core faculty that summarizes
and integrates the large body of research conducted with funding from the VFHY. This report
also included recommendations for future research. In addition, Dr. Randy Koch led a discussion
of the future of the VYTP Research Coalition, during which numerous ideas were discussed.
Also, Dr. Aashir Nasim gave an update on the triennial VYTP conference. Finally, one hour was
devoted to a Late Breaking Results Data Blitz, where faculty and/or students used one slide and
five minutes to give an update on research results.
Given the excellent attendance at the annual meetings and the enthusiastic participation
of the membership, it is clear that the VYTP membership continues to view the Research
Coalition as a very useful tool for facilitating multi-university, multi-disciplinary research on the
causes and prevention of youth tobacco use. In addition, by bringing in national experts to meet
with and conduct workshops at these meetings, we bring national visibility to the VFHY research
enterprise and disseminate the results of our work. The agendas for each of the annual meetings
are included as Attachment A.
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2010-12 Small Grants Program
The primary purpose of the VYTP Small Grants Program was to expand the network of
researchers conducting studies on the causes and prevention of youth tobacco use in Virginia. In
particular, this initiative was intended to:
 attract new faculty scholars to work on problems of youth tobacco use, including faculty
from historically black colleges and universities,
 encourage multi-university collaborations, and
 support pilot studies that can be used to attract additional outside funding.
The request for applications (RFA) for the Small Grants Program was released on August
14, 2009. The RFA was sent to the primary research official (e.g., Vice President for Research)
at each of Virginia’s state universities and colleges, as well as relevant department heads (e.g.,
psychology, psychiatry, and sociology), with instructions to distribute it to all departments and
faculty who might have an interest in youth tobacco use research. In addition, the RFA was sent
to everyone on the VYTP mailing list, which includes those who have received VTSF research
funding, those who have attended one of the previous VYTP research conferences, and other
persons known to have an interest in conducting research on the causes and prevention of youth
tobacco use. Applications were to be submitted no later than November 2, 2009.
Results
Ten applications were received from four universities. The number of applications
received from each of the universities is presented in Table 2.
Table 2
Small Grants Program Applications by University
George Mason University
Virginia Polytechnic & State University
Norfolk State University
Virginia Commonwealth University
4
1
2
3
Consistent with the goals of the Small Grants Program, two of the applications included
collaborations with two or more universities, and three applications included faculty researchers
who had never conducted research on youth tobacco use. In addition, the Small Grants Program
was successful in attracting investigators from a wide variety of disciplines including
psychology, neuroscience, human development, communications, social work, physical
education, public health, and pharmacology.
A scientific review group was convened on November 18, 2009 to evaluate the
applications and make recommendations for funding. In addition to Marge White, deputy
director of the VFHY, the review group included five faculty from four universities, representing
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a wide range of disciplines including nursing, neurobehavioral sciences, experimental
psychology, and cognitive and behavioral neuroscience. The review group was chaired by Dr. J.
Randy Koch, Co-PI.
The review group recommended six studies for funding. However, for five of these
studies, the review group identified modifications to the study design and/or procedures that it
felt would improve the scientific quality of the study and/or increase its usefulness to the field of
youth tobacco use prevention. In addition, modifications were recommended to the budgets of
two studies. The PIs of the individual studies were very receptive to the review group’s
recommendations, the suggested modifications were made, and the applications were approved
for funding by the VTSF. The selected awardees represent approximately $227,000 in funding.
The applications selected for funding are presented in Table 3.
Table 3
Small Grants Program Awardees
PI
Aashir Nasim (VCU)
May Kennedy (VCU)
Mohamad Imad Damaj (VCU)
Karl Fryxell (GMU)
Christine Kaestle (VT)
Yvonnes Chen (VT)
Lori Keyer-Marcus (VCU)
Jennifer Gray Kienzle (VCU)
Craig McDonald (GMU)
Title
Cigarillos, Youth, & YouTube: A Content
Analysis Of Smoking Videographies
Early Nicotine Exposure And Vulnerability
To Drug Abuse
Which Signaling Pathway(S) Drive
Nicotine Preference In Adolescent
C57BL/6J Mice?
Media Literacy Tobacco Prevention For
Youth In Virginia: A Randomized Impact
Assessment Pilot Study
Clearing The Air: Computerized Screening
and Brief Intervention For Teen Smoking
An Electrophysiological Study Of
Neurocognitive Functioning In Adolescent
Smokers
Amount
$39,408
$35,109.98
$39,960
$34,582
$38,256.00
$39,650
$226,965.98
The Small Grants Program was successful in generating interest in youth tobacco
research on the part of a large number of university researchers. These included both junior
faculty as well as highly experienced investigators who brought many years of experience and
expertise to bear on what for some of them was a new field of research. In addition, five of the
studies included significant involvement of students or postdocs, thus ensuring that new
investigators are being trained to work in this area. Finally, the Small Grants Program was
successful in stimulating a wide variety of studies on the causes and prevention of youth tobacco
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use, ranging from studies of the effects of nicotine on cognitive functioning to the efficacy of
novel interventions.
Trends
FY 2009 was the third round of funding for the VYTP Small Grants Program;
applications were also solicited in FY 2003 and FY 2006. In FY 2003, a total of 14 applications
were received, with this number falling to 10 applications in FY 2006 and FY 2009. Despite this
decline, there has been an increase in the number of applications from historically black colleges
and universities (HBCUs), from none in FY 2003, to two each in FY 2006 and FY 2009.
However, none of the applications from the HBCUs have received sufficiently high scores to be
funded. Additional effort is needed to ensure a large number of applications for the VYTP Small
Grants Awards and to obtain high quality applications from HBCUs.
Given that one of the major goals for the VYTP is to encourage and facilitate multiuniversity collaborations, we have tracked the number of funded Small Grant Awards that
include participation by more than one Virginia college/university. Six small grants have been
awarded in each round of funding. In FY 2003, four of these involved a multi-university
collaboration, while in FY 2006 and FY 2009, only one funded study involved two or more
colleges/universities.
Summary and Integration of VFHY-Funded Research
This report is an update to a report originally published in 2008, summarizing and
integrating VFHY-funded research, since the beginning of funding in 2002. This research has
been conducted at several Virginia colleges and universities, organized under the Virginia Youth
Tobacco Projects (VYTP). Using a unique multi-disciplinary research model, the VYTP has
coordinated and promoted research that includes: studies using animal models of adolescent
tobacco use, genetics studies in humans and animals, human laboratory studies, epidemiological
studies, studies of interventions, and policy-related studies.
Overall, VFHY-funded research studies in animals indicate that adolescents are
particularly vulnerable to tobacco use initiation and potential dependence, and that exposure to
even small amounts of nicotine during adolescence has detrimental effects on brain development
and learning. Also, studies show that female animals exhibit more nicotine withdrawal
symptoms than male animals, which may help explain why women have more difficulty quitting
smoking than men. Researchers have also attempted to determine how exposure to nicotine in
utero could impact brain development and later vulnerability to tobacco use, as well as how
nicotine affects learning and memory. In addition, a recent study has also been designed to
determine the effects of exercise on nicotine use. Studies of genetics illustrate that several genes
are involved in smoking initiation and dependence, and that environmental factors may moderate
these genetic effects. Further, changes in gene expression (how genes affect cells) have been
observed in animal models of adolescent nicotine exposure, suggesting that tobacco use in
adolescence could cause changes in brain development.
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Research from the human laboratory indicates that even adolescent smokers who smoke
very few cigarettes per day are exposed to nicotine, experience the effects of nicotine, and may
smoke to reduce withdrawal symptoms. Adolescents’ level of dependence on nicotine may also
be related to psychosocial variables, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),
anxiety, and family functioning. Female adolescent smokers may also have an impaired ability
to identify emotions, slower reaction times, and disrupted ability to taste, possibly indicating
disrupted brain functioning. Adolescents and young adult smokers may also experience deficits
in cognition and perception, and may smoke in an attempt to normalize functioning or to
improve mood.
Results from epidemiological studies indicate that adolescent smokers are less likely to
engage in healthy behaviors and may use smoking as a weight management technique. Other
findings show that most smokers begin smoking during adolescence, that cigarettes are often
used prior to the use of other addictive substances, and that early use episodes in novice smokers
usually occur in social situations involving alcohol. Further, the association between onset of
regular smoking and later nicotine dependence may be particularly strong in women. More
recent studies have shown that girls may be more likely than boys to obtain cigarettes from
friends and adults, that access to prevention programs may be limited in some areas, and that
youth may be obtaining incorrect information about tobacco from the internet.
Additional studies have focused on particular groups, and their vulnerability to tobacco
use. For example, in rural Virginia, White female adolescents report the highest prevalence of
smoking, compared to other demographic groups. Other factors such as delinquency, depression,
greater cigarette and drug access, other drug use, lower socioeconomic status, and risky
behaviors are also associated with tobacco use. However, some factors can protect adolescents
from smoking, such as having greater community, school, and parental involvement, and
receiving clear messages about the health risks of smoking. Among African-American
adolescents specifically, familial factors and having a religious affiliation were also protective
against smoking status for adolescents. Finally, adolescents with behavioral health disorders,
including ADHD, may be more likely to smoke, and screening and treatment in this group may
be limited.
Some VFHY-funded research has focused on creating or modifying interventions to
prevent or reduce adolescent tobacco use. Overall, these studies show that progress in the
development and implementation of effective interventions for the prevention and/or reduction
of adolescent tobacco use has been made. For example, recent work has shown that researchers
and community members can effectively collaborate to design a drug use prevention program.
In addition, several researchers have reported results from interventions, with mixed findings.
Results from one intervention for youth with ADHD showed short-term reductions in parent
ratings of inattention and a reduced likelihood to try smoking. Results from another study
showed that youth can learn how to become media-literate when interpreting tobacco
advertisements, a potentially effective prevention technique. However, results from a brief
intervention for adolescents with low nicotine dependence did not find significant reductions in
smoking between experimental and control groups. Results from another study revealed no
differences on measures of tobacco use between the intervention and control groups, after
exposure to a school-based tobacco prevention program.
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VFHY-funded researchers have also conducted policy-related research. Findings show
that retailers vary in their compliance with no-sales-to-minors laws, and that successful
purchases by underage buyers are related to the gender and race/ethnicity of the purchaser and
the clerk. In addition, results indicated that store managers and clerks were aware of the nosales-to-minors laws, but did not all have in-store policies to reduce sales to minors (such as
requiring clerks to check IDs). Further research was conducted on existing legislation used in
the shipment of alcoholic beverages, and how these regulations could be applied to tobacco
shipment in Virginia (to reduce minors’ access to tobacco products via mail order). Other
research indicated that youth living in multi-unit dwellings may have higher exposure to secondhand smoke, and with few nonsmoking policies, may believe that smoking is normative.
Additional research indicated that anti-tobacco campaigns that emphasize the negative life
circumstances linked to smoking (smoking as grotesque, unattractive) are associated with a
decreased intention to smoke. Finally, research looking at education about tobacco at Virginia’s
medical schools shows that while the epidemiology and health consequences of tobacco use are
taught, gaps exist in teaching students how to actually treat patients.
In summary, findings from VFHY-funded studies indicate that preventing and/or treating
tobacco use/dependence in adolescents is complex and must address a variety of issues. An
integrated, collaborative approach to prevention and/or treatment will likely result in the most
effective methods. This report offers several recommendations for both researchers and the
VFHY. For researchers, recommendations include: 1) seek collaborative research partnerships,
2) employ innovative methodologies to study novel tobacco use issues, 3) develop and design
prevention intervention studies, and 4) increase external funding among VYTP/VFHY
investigators. For the VFHY: 1) establish short and long-term priorities for research, 2) identify
specific lines of research that are consistent with VFHY’s mission as priorities for future
funding, 3) support statewide tobacco policy change and enforcement, 4) develop a system to
track all research on youth tobacco use in Virginia, and 5) continue funding support for the
VYTP.
The full report, Summary and Integration of Virginia Foundation for Healthy Youth
Funded Research under the Virginia Youth Tobacco Projects: 2002 through FY 2011, is
available at: http://www.vcu.edu/idas/vytp/reports.html
The Future of Tobacco Control: Implications for
the Prevention of Youth Tobacco Use in Virginia
One goal of the VYTP Research Coalition is to continue our efforts to reduce youth
tobacco use by trying to bridge the “gap” between research and practice. One strategy we used to
address this goal is to conduct a triennial conference on youth tobacco use that brings together
researchers, practitioners and policy makers. This conference also serves a secondary purpose of
bringing greater national visibility to the VFHY research enterprise by bringing in a large
number of national experts to interact with our membership and present their own work. The
fourth in this series of conferences was held April 3 and 4, 2012 in Richmond, Virginia, with
Secretary of Health and Human Resources Bill Hazel providing the welcoming address. A total
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of 121 persons attended the conference, a 20% increase over the 2009 conference. The specific
objectives of this conference were to:
1. Disseminate research findings on the causes and prevention of youth tobacco use to researchers,
practitioners and policy makers/advocates.
2. Identify issues and trends critical to the future of tobacco control in Virginia.
3. Identify practice and policy implications of the research literature.
4. Identify topics for future research that address the needs of the practice and policy communities.
Conference format. In response to feedback from attendees of the 2009 conference, the
format for this year’s conference was revised. In particular, rather than having concurrent sessions
and small group discussions, all presentations were made in plenary sessions. This created an
opportunity for all participants to be together throughout the conference and also helped reduce costs.
To ensure that there was still plenty of time for group discussion, each plenary panel included only
two speakers, saving 25 – 30 minutes for questions and answers and discussion. We also added
lunchtime presentations to take full advantage of the meeting time. Thus, the conference included a
combination of keynote presentations, plenary panels, lunchtime speakers and a poster session. Each
is described below.
1. Keynote presentations. Keynote presentations were made on each morning of the two-day
conference. On Day 1, the keynote speaker was Dr. David Ashley, Science Director for the Food
and Drug Administration’s Center for Tobacco Products. Dr. Ashley discussed the future of
tobacco product regulation and identified several critical research questions that are needed to
help inform regulatory development. On the second day, a closing keynote address was provided
by Dr. David Drobes, from the Moffitt Cancer Center at the University of South Florida. Dr.
Drobes described research from his lab as well as others’ research that have used cue reactivity,
neurocognitive and genetic paradigms to better understand the underpinning of nicotine use and
dependence.
2. Plenary panels. Five plenary panels were organized around specific topical areas relevant to the
future of tobacco control. The panelists summarized what we know about the particular topical
area drawing in part on their own research. Following these presentations, session moderators,
drawn from the VYTP membership, made comments and facilitated a lively discussion among
conference attendees. The five topical areas were:
a. What Else Do We Know about Nicotine?
b. Advertising and Counter Advertising: The New Battleground
c. Exercise and Tobacco: Implications from Human and Animal Studies
d. New tobacco Products: Friend or Foe?
e. New Opportunities for the Prevention of Youth Tobacco Use
3. Lunchtime Presentations. Lunchtime presentations were used to highlight the work of young
investigators and advocates in the field of tobacco control. Thus, on Day 1 of the conference, Ms.
Marina Kharitonova, winner of the 2012 VYTP Student Research Award, presented her research
on Peer and Household Member Influence on Adolescent Smoking in Virginia. Ms. Kharitonova
received an award of $500 for her research. On Day 2, VFHY staff member Danny Saggesse
provided an introduction to the “Y Street,” Virginia’s award-winning volunteer initiative for high
school students. Y Street increases youth awareness of health issues in order to deglamorize
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tobacco use and empowers youth to be activities in their schools and communities. Members Ms.
Judy Hou of Maggie Walker Governor School (Richmond) and Mr. Blayne Allen of Tallwood
High School (Virginia Beach) presented their work a survey they conducted on dissolvable
tobacco products. They have also presented their survey findings to the Food and Drug
Administration and several Federal and state government officials.
4. Poster session. A poster session was held to provide an opportunity for broader participation by
the research and practice communities, expand the presentation of information related to the
conference theme, and provide another vehicle for encouraging discussion among researchers,
policy makers/advocates and practitioners. There were a total of 19 poster presentations,
including 10 student poster presentations that were entered into our student poster award
competition. Student posters were judged by a multi-disciplinary group that included: Dr. Karl
Fryxel (GMU), Dr. Patricia J. Hollen (UVA), Dr. Imad Damaj (VCU) and Dr. Jessica Irons
(JMU). Two awards of $200 each were made to:
 Sarah J. Javier (VCU)
 Victoria Sanchez (UVA)
The complete conference agenda is presented in Attachment C, and a final report of the
conference, including recommendations from the breakout groups is available under a separate
cover.
Conference Evaluation
A web-based conference evaluation form was administered during a two-week period
following the 2012 Virginia Youth Tobacco Projects triennial conference. The web-based
evaluation was emailed to a total of 118 conference attendees (excluding conference staff). Sixty
percent (60.1%) of the conference participants contacted completed the evaluation. Those who
completed the evaluation rated the overall quality of the conference as well as the quality of the
five plenary panel sessions. The majority of conference attendees (43.6%) who completed the
web-based survey were affiliated with a university or institution of higher education followed by
those affiliated with VFHY-funded prevention programs or mental health/substance abuse
treatment programs (25%).
Overall quality of the conference. About 90% of conference attendees reported that
they were satisfied/very satisfied with the overall quality of the conference and between 80-97%
viewed the conference as well organized and expected the conference to ultimately help in
efforts to prevent youth tobacco use. Several participants reported being very satisfied with the
“excellent content” presented; the diverse group of speakers; learning about tobacco advertising
and tobacco intervention; information on new tobacco products; and networking with colleagues.
In terms of recommendations for conference improvements, several reported dissatisfaction with
the format and quality of the poster session; the lack of integration among animal research and
human/program research; making the information presented “less technical;” and, focusing more
intently on “youth tobacco prevention.” Importantly, those affiliated with a university or higher
education institution compared to those with other affiliations reported greater satisfaction with
conference quality and were more optimistic about the impact of the conference in preventing
future tobacco use.
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Plenary panel session #1: What else do we know about nicotine? About 83% of
conference attendees reported being satisfied/very satisfied with the overall quality of this
session as well as with the information gained from this session. Attendees reported that the
“dynamic presenters made for a very effective plenary session” and that “the presentation was
well presented and prepared and the information was very rich.” There were, however, several
comments suggesting that the information presented was “not useful” or could have been made
“more relevant” to “the work I do with youth and the prevention of youth tobacco use.”
Importantly, those affiliated with mental health/substance abuse treatment programs were least
satisfied with this session.
Plenary panel session #2: Advertising and counter-advertising. About 87% of
conference attendees reported being satisfied/very satisfied with the overall quality and
information gained from this session. Conference attendees “found the information in the
session to be engaging,” “amazing and impressive,” and “very thought provoking.” There were
very few differences between attendees affiliated with different organizations and their
satisfaction of this plenary session.
Plenary panel session #3: Exercise and tobacco. About 81% of conference attendees
reported being satisfied/very satisfied with the overall quality and information gained from this
session. Conference attendees reported that there was a “great combination of animal and human
research information” and thought the studies presented had the potential to inform future
research. However, several attendees noted that they “did not gain much information from the
session” because it “confirmed what we have known for many years.”
Plenary panel session #4: New tobacco products. Between 93-95% of conference
attendees reported being satisfied/very satisfied with the amount and quality of information
presented in this session. Several attendees reported that this was the “best session,” and the
reasons for this seemed to pertain to the type of high quality information presented; “excellent
description and evaluation of tobacco products people are asking about;” and the “valuable
insight gained” from the overall session.
Plenary panel session #5: New opportunities in tobacco prevention. About 80% of
conference attendees reported being satisfied/very satisfied with the overall amount and quality
of information presented in this session. Some attendees reported the session to be “inspiring”
and “educational.” Other attendees voiced concerns about the lack of focus of one of the
presentations during the plenary session.
Next Steps: What action will you take during the next year based on what you
learned at this conference? An important goal of this conference was to provide impetus for
action among conference attendees. Several attendees reported wanting to make environmental
changes in the local community or conducting their own community-based evaluations. Others
reported the desire to seek funding, either through VFHY or elsewhere, to support their tobacco
prevention program goals.
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Grant Applications, Publications and Conference Presentations
The VYTP investigators were extremely productive over the course of the three year
grant period. In total, they reported 36 grant submissions, 19 funded grants, 116 publications and
88 conference presentations. When compared to the previous grant period (FY 2007 -10), this
represents a moderate decline in grant applications (51 vs. 36) and funded grant applications (24
vs. 19), a large increase in publications (91 vs. 116), and a very large decrease in conference
presentations (142 vs. 88) (see tables below). The large decrease in conference presentations
may be due to reductions in travel budgets from grants and other sources. A listing of reported
grant applications, publications and conference presentations is by year is provided below.
Fiscal
Year
*Grant
Applications
Funded
10
6
FY 2007
15
6
FY 2008
26
12
FY 2009
Total
51
24
*Does not include those submitted to the VFHY
Fiscal
Year
*Grant Applications
Submitted
*Grant
*Grant
Applications
Applications
Submitted
Funded
16
7
FY 2010
14
10
FY 2011
6
2
FY 2012
Total
36
19
*Does not include those submitted to the VFHY
Publications
Conference
Presentations
36
34
23
93
60
32
50
142
Publications
Conference
Presentations
37
36
43
116
20
33
35
88
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FY 2010
Grant Applications Submitted to External Sources
VYTP investigators reported submitting 16 grant applications during the past year, with 7
of those being funded.
Submitted and Under Review or Not Funded
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Darlene H. Brunzell
Title: Intracellular signaling pathways and nicotine addiction.
Specific Aims: The aims of this project are to identify second messenger contributions to
primary versus conditioned reinforcement during nicotine self-administration.
Type: R01
Under Review
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Darlene H. Brunzell
Title: Nicotinic contributions to affective behavior.
Specific Aims: The aims of this project are to identify nicotinic receptor subunit contributions to
anxiety-like behavior.
Type: R01
Under Review
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Thomas E. Eissenberg
Title: Realtime waterpipe tobacco smoke toxicant sampling in the natural environment
Specific Aims:
Type: NIDA (R01 DA025659)
Reviewed: Priority score = 20, percentile = 7, direct costs: $1,568,994, Duration: 5 years with
estimated start date of December 1, 2010.
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Linda Haddad
Title: Secondhand smoke exposure Among Women and Children under two in Jordan. Specific
Aims: The aims of this project are to identify nicotinic receptor subunit contributions to anxietylike behavior.
Type: IRO1DA029623-01
Unfunded
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Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Pamela A. Kulbok
Title: A Rural Community Partnership to Promote Substance-Free Youth.
Specific Aims: The aims of this project are to identify nicotinic receptor subunit contributions to
anxiety-like behavior.
Type: R15
Direct Costs: $300,000
Unfunded
Source: National Institutes of Health
CO-P.I.: Craig McDonald
Title: Rapid response human testing of smokeless tobacco products -- with Pamela I. Clark
(University of Maryland) PI
Specific Aims: To characterize and contrast the abuse liability potential and likelihood of
adoption of a range of smokeless tobacco (ST) products. Abuse liability assessment (ALA) will
include liking and relief of craving/withdrawal in comparison to each other and to medicinal
nicotine (control with known low abuse potential). To characterize and contrast the abuse
liability potential of a range of ST by comparing neurocognitive function (EEG spectral analysis
and event-related brain potentials) while using ST and while using medicinal nicotine. To
characterize and contrast the potential toxicity of ST products. Boost biomarkers that are
sensitive to one-time use of a tobacco product will be measured, including salivary tobaccospecific nitrosamines (TSNAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and exhaled
breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs), all measured before and after single-use of each
product. To characterize and contrast the potential toxicity and abuse potential of ST products by
measuring levels of VOCs emitted from a range of ST products, as well as product levels of
TSNAs and PAHs, and assessing pH, moisture, total nicotine, and free nicotine levels.
Type: R01
Total Cost: $2,384,754
Project Period: 2011-2013
Submitted
Source: National Institutes of Health
CO-P.I.: Craig McDonald
Title: Sex differences in the trajectory of adolescent nicotine effects -- with Robert F. Smith
(George Mason University) PI
Specific Aims: Conduct a dose-response analysis of single-trial conditioned place preference
[CPP], including factors of sex and presence/absence of prior stress. In addition to studying sex
effects on single-trial CPP, this study complements existing work by investigating the role of
prior stress exposure, an important risk factor for nicotine use in adolescence. Follow up this
determination in initial reaction to nicotine with an evaluation, three weeks later, of residual
preference for the nicotine-paired side of the CPP apparatus, and residual effects on nicotine
sensitization. This will determine whether the variables of sex, stress and dose in the initial
experience, affect persisting effects on two measures of reactions to nicotine. In groups selected
based on behavioral data, evaluate sex differences in c-fos expression patterns after the initial
CPP test in adolescent rats of both sexes, to determine whether there are sex differences, and
whether initial neuronal activation patterns are related to strength of conditioned preference. In
groups selected based on behavioral outcomes, evaluate sex differences in c-fos expression
patterns to an acute nicotine challenge three weeks following CPP. We will determine whether
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there are sex differences in residual effects of nicotine, whether any change from the initial
activation pattern is sex-specific, and whether the residual activation pattern is related to
persisting behavioral changes.
Type: R21
Total Cost: $386,845
Project Period: 2011-2013
Submitted
Source: National Institutes of Health
CO-P.I.: Susan Robinson
Title: Impact of early nicotine exposure on gene expression – with Xiangning Chen (Virginia
Commonwealth University) PI
Specific Aims: Specific Aims: Examine the long-lasting influence of nicotine on brain function
and development at different developmental stages. We plan to administer nicotine to mice at
early embryonic development and adolescence, and to examine the change of gene expression at
the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NuAcc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) by
next generation DNA sequencing techniques at multiple time points; Analyze data obtained from
aim 1 above to identify and characterize genes and pathways significantly affected by chronic
exposure of nicotine in the course of development. Genes and pathways with altered expression
relative to controls by chronic nicotine exposure at these developmental stages will be used to
construct a dynamic gene expression atlas and models that can predict the trajectory of gene
expression following nicotine exposure; Verify a limited number of genes/pathways that are
informative in predicting expression trajectories. We plan to use quantitative real time PCR
(qPCR) and in situ hybridization techniques to test additional samples as well as the same
samples used for gene profiling experiments to validate the utilities of these genes/pathways in
projection of future gene expression; Integrate data produced by this project with other public
sources and build a comprehensive and user-friendly database to provide services to research
communities and the public at large.
Type: 1RC4HD067950
Total Cost: $2,750,918
Project Period: 10/01/2010-9/30/2013
Submitted
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Robert Smith
Title: Sex differences in the trajectory of adolescent nicotine effects.
Specific Aims: $386,845
Type:
Under Review
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Submitted and Approved for Funding
Source: Thomas and Kate Miller Jeffress Memorial Trust P.I.: Darlene Brunzell
Title: Mechanisms of nicotine effects on anxiety
Specific Aims: The aims of this small grant are to identify second messenger signaling pathways
by which nicotine exerts its anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects.
Project Period: 07/01/09-06/30/10
Annual Direct Costs: $20,000
Source: National Institutes of Health/NIDA Center Small Grant P.I.: Darlene H. Brunzell
Title: Does ERK in the lateral septum regulate anxiolytic effects of nicotine?
Specific Aims: The aim of this pilot grant is to identify neurochemical correlates of nicotine’s
anxiolytic effects.
Project Period: 04//01/09-03/31/10
Annual Direct Costs: $10,000
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Darlene H. Brunzell
Title: nAChR contributions to nicotine dependent behavior.
Specific Aims: The aims of this project are to determine which nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
subunits in combination with β2 are critical for nicotine’s rewarding effects.
Project Period: 09/01/07 – 8//31/10
Annual Direct Costs: $50,000
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Thomas E. Eissenberg
Title: Waterpipe tobacco smoking: trends, toxicants, and capacity building in Jordan.
Specific Aims: The specific aims of the project are to study changes in waterpipe tobacco use
prevalence, knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes among Jordanian university students over a threeyear period and to examine relationships between waterpipe tobacco/nicotine dependence,
smoking behavior, and CO exposure.
Project Period: 09//01/09-08/31/12
Annual Direct Costs: $150,000
Source: American Lung Association
P.I.: Pamela A. Kulbok (Noonan)
Title: The New Trend in Tobacco: Predicting Waterpipe Use among U.S. College Students.
Specific Aims:
Project Period: 2009-2011
Annual Direct Costs: $21,000
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Source: Sigma Theta Tau International Small Grants Program P.I.: Pamela A. Kulbok
(Noonan)
Title: Testing the Theory of Reasoned Action to Predict Waterpipe Use among U.S. College
Students
Specific Aims: The study will examine the utility of the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), in
predicting waterpipe use among college students.
Project Period: 07/01/09 – 06/30/2010
Annual Direct Costs: $5,000
Source: ISCE Summer Scholars in Residence Team Grant, Virginia Tech
P.I.: Christine Kaestle
Title: Media Literacy Health Intervention Evaluation: Impact on Smoking, Alcohol, and
Nutrition Behaviors
Specific Aims: This interdisciplinary project is designed to implement a media literacy health
intervention evaluation to determine the impact on smoking, alcohol, and nutrition behaviors.
Our interest in the potential of media literacy is well grounded in empirical evidence and a sound
theoretical understanding of health behaviors, prevention strategies, and media influences.
Project Period: 03/01/2010 – 11/31/2010
Annual Direct Costs: $35,000
Publication/Abstracts Submitted
VYTP investigators have made a significant contribution to the scientific literature on
youth tobacco youth, having published over 37 manuscripts during FY 2010, with an additional 8
manuscripts under review or in press.
Publications
Abu-Baker, N., Haddad, L. & Mayyas, O. Smoking Behavior among Coronary Heart Disease
Patients in Jordan: A Model from a Developing Country, International Journal of
Environmental Research and Public health. 7:751-764, 2010.
Abu Baker, N., Haddad, L. & Savage, C. The influence of Secondhand smoke Exposure on
Birth Outcomes in Jordan, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public
Health, 7:616-634, 2010.
Azab, M., Khabour, O.F., Alkaraki, A.K., Eissenberg, T., AlZoubi, K.H. & Primack, B.A.
(2010). Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Among University Students in Jordan, Nicotine and
Tobacco Research, 12:606-12, 2010.
Bergstrom, H.C., Smith, R.F., Mollinedo, N.S. & McDonald, C.G. Chronic nicotine exposure
produces lateralized, age-dependent dendritic remodeling in the rodent basolateral
amygdala, Synapse [Epub ahead of print], 2010.
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Blank, M.D. & Eissenberg, T. Evaluating oral, non-combustible potential reduced exposure
products for smokers, Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 12:336-343, 2010.
Blank, M.D., Disharoon, S. & Eissenberg T. Comparison of methods for measurement of
smoking behavior: mouthpiece-based computerized devices versus direct observation,
Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 11:896-903, 2009.
Brunzell, D.H., Boschen, K.E., Hendrick, E.S., Beardsley, P.M. & McIntosh, J.M. Alpha
conotoxin MII-sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the nucleus accumbens shell
regulate progressive ratio responding maintained by nicotine,
Neuropsychopharmacology, 35(3):665-73, 2010.
Brunzell, D.H., Mineur, Y.S., Neve, R.L. & Picciotto, M.R. Nucleus accumbens CREB activity
is necessary for nicotine conditioned place preference, Neuropsychopharmacology,
34(8):1993-2001, 2009.
Brunzell, D.H. & Picciotto, M.R. Molecular mechanisms underlying the motivational effects of
nicotine, Eds. R.A. Bevins & A.R. Caggiula, The Motivational Impact of Nicotine and Its
Role in Tobacco Use, New York, NY: Springer, 55:17-30, 2009.
Carroll, F.I., Blough, B.E., Mascarella, S.W., Navarro, H.A., Eaton, J.B., Lukas, R.J. & Damaj,
M.I. Synthesis and biological evaluation of bupropion analogues as potential
pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 11;
53(5):2204-14, 2010.
Carroll, F.I., Ma, W., Deng, L., Navarro, H.A., Damaj, M.I. & Martin, B.R. Synthesis, nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor binding, and antinociceptive properties of 3'-(substituted
phenyl)epibatidine analogues, Nicotinic partial agonists. Journal of Natural Products. 26;
73(3):306-12, 2010.
Chen, X., Chen, J., Williamson, V.S., An, S.S., Hettema, J.M., Aggen, S.H., Neale, M.C. &
Kendler, K.S. Variants in nicotinic acetylcholine receptors alpha5 and alpha3 increase
risks to nicotine dependence, American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B:
Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 5; 150B (7):926-33, 2009.
Cobb, C., Ward, K.D., Maziak W., Shihadeh A.L. & Eissenberg T. Waterpipe tobacco smoking:
an emerging health crisis in the United States, American Journal of Health Behavior,
34:275-285, 2010.
Damaj, M.I., Grabus, S.D., Navarro, H.A., Vann, R.E., Warner, J.A., Kingm L.S., Wiley, J,L,,
Bloughm B,E,, Lukasm R,J, & Carroll, F.I. Effects of hydroxymetabolites of bupropion
on nicotine dependence behavior in mice, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, 2010 Jun 24. [Epub ahead of print].
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Edwards, A.C., Maes, H.H., Pedersen, N.L. & Kendler, K.S. A population-based twin study of
the genetic and environmental relationship of major depression, regular tobacco use and
nicotine dependence, Psychological Medicine, 21:1-11, 2010. [Epub ahead of print].
Eissenberg, T. Electronic “cigarettes”: ineffective nicotine delivery and craving suppression
after acute administration, Tobacco Control, 19:87-88, 2010.
Eissenberg, T. & Shihadeh, A. Waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking: direct comparison of
toxicant exposure, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 37:518-523, 2009.
England, L.J., Kim, S.Y., Tomar, S., Ray, C., Gupta, P.C., Eissenberg, T., Cnattingius, S., J.T.,
Bernert, Tita, A.T.N., Winn, D., Djordjevic, M., Lambe, M., Stamilo, D., Chipato, T. &
Tolosa J.E. Non-cigarette tobacco use among women and adverse pregnancy outcomes,
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 89:454-64, 2010.
Eppolito, A.K., Bachus, S.E., McDonald, C.G., Meador-Woodruff, J.H. & Smith, R.F. Late
emerging effects of gestational and early postnatal nicotine exposure on the cholinergic
system and anxiety-like behaviors, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 32(3); 336-345,
2010.
Forneris, T., Fries, E., Meyer, A., Buzzard, M., Uguy, S., Ramakrishnan, R., Lewis, C. &
Danish, S. Results of a rural school-based peer-led intervention for youth: goals for
health, Journal of School Health, 80(2):57-65, 2010.
Haddad, L., Shoter, A., Umlaut, M. & Al-Zyoud S. Knowledge of Substance Abuse Among
high school students in Jordan, Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 21(2)143-150, 2010.
Jackson, K.J., Chen, Q., Chen, J., Aggen, S.H., Kendler, K.S. & Chen, X. Association of the
histidine-triad nucleotide-binding protein-1 (HINT1) gene variants with nicotine
dependence, Pharmacogenomics Journal, 2010 Jun 1. [Epub ahead of print]
Jackson, K. J., McIntosh, J.M., Brunzell, D.H., Sanjakdar, S.S. & Damaj, M.I. The role of
alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nicotine reward and withdrawal,
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 331(2):547-54, 2009.
Jackson, K.J., Marks, M.J., Vann, R.E., Chen, X., Gamage, T.F., Warner, J.A. & Damaj, M.I.
Role of alpha5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in pharmacological and behavioral
effects of nicotine in mice, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,
334(1):137-46, 2010. Epub 2010 Apr 16.
Jackson, K.J., Carroll, F.I., Negus, S.S. & Damaj, M.I. Effect of the selective kappa-opioid
receptor antagonist JDTic on nicotine antinociception, reward, and withdrawal in the
mouse, Psychopharmacology (Berl), 210(2):285-94, 2010.
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Jackson, K.J., McIntosh, J.M., Brunzell, D.H., Sanjakdar, S.S. & Damaj, M.I. The role of
alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nicotine reward and withdrawal,
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 331(2):547-54, 2009.
Jackson, K.J., Walters, C.L., Miles, M.F., Martin, B.R. & Damaj, M.I. Characterization of
pharmacological and behavioral differences to nicotine in C57Bl/6 and DBA/2 mice,
Neuropharmacology, 57(4):347-55, 2009.
Jackson, K.J., Walters, C.L. & Damaj, M.I. Beta 2 subunit-containing nicotinic receptors
mediate acute nicotine-induced activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein
kinase II-dependent pathways in vivo, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, 330(2):541-9, 2009.
Jackson, K.J. & Damaj, M.I. L-type calcium channels and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase
II differentially mediate behaviors associated with nicotine withdrawal in mice, Journal
of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 330(1):152-61, 2009.
Jackson, K.J., Kota, D.H., Martin, B.R. & Damaj, M.I. The role of various nicotinic receptor
subunits and factors influencing nicotine conditioned place aversion,
Neuropharmacology, 56:970-4, 2009.
Kendler, K.S. & Myers, J. A developmental twin study of church attendance and alcohol and
nicotine consumption: a model for analyzing the changing impact of genes and
environment, American Journal of Psychiatry. 166(10):1150-5, 2009.
Kota, D., Robinson, S.E. & Damaj, M.I. Enhanced nicotine reward in adulthood after exposure
to nicotine during adolescence in mice, Biochemical Pharmacology, 78: 873-879, 2009.
Kulbok, P., Meszaros, P., Botchwey, N, Hinton, I., Bovbjerg, V., Rhee, H., Anderson, N. &
Noonan, D. Mother-daughter communication: A protective factor for not Smoking, The
Journal of Addictions Nursing, 21, (2-3), 69-78, 2010. E-pub before print.
Lynch, W.J. Sex and ovarian hormones influence vulnerability and motivation for nicotine
during adolescence in rats, Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 94(1):43-50,
2009.
Lukas, R.J., Muresan, A.Z., Damaj, M.I., Blough, B.E., Huang, X., Navarro, H.A., Mascarella,
S.W., Eaton, J.B., Marxer-Miller, S.K. & Carroll, F.I. Synthesis and characterization of
in vitro and in vivo profiles of hydroxybupropion analogues: aids to smoking cessation,
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 24; 53(12):4731-48, 2010.
Maziak W., Rastam, S., Ibrahim, I., Ward, K.D., Shihadeh, A. & Eissenberg, T. CO exposure,
puff topography, and subjective effects in waterpipe tobacco smokers, Nicotine and
Tobacco Research, 11:806-11, 2009.
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Shrihari, J.S.B., Blank, M.D., Balster, R.L. & Nichter, M. Areca nut dependence among chewers
in a south Indian community who do not also use tobacco, Addiction, 105:1303-1310,
2010.
Manuscripts Submitted/In Press
Bergstrom, H.C., McDonald, C.G. & Smith, R.F. Chronic nicotine exposure produces
lateralized, age-dependent dendritic remodeling in the rodent basolateral, Synapse, in
press, 2010.
Brielmaier, J.M., Fernandez, G.M., Bergstrom, H.C., McDonald, C.G. & Smith, R.F. Novelty
modulates lasting nicotine sensitization to a single adolescent exposure, Submitted to
NeuroReport. Submmitted to Physiology and Behavior, 2010.
Cobb, C., Weaver, M.F. & Eissenberg, T. Evaluating the acute effects of oral, non-combustible
potential reduced exposure products marketed to smokers, Tobacco Control, in press,
2010.
Jackson, S.L. & Bonnie, R.J. A Systematic Examination of Smoke-Free policies in Multi-Unit
Dwellings in Virginia as Reported by Property Managers: Implications for Prevention,
American Journal of Health Promotion, in press, 2010.
Kaestle, C.E. How girls and boys get tobacco: Adults and other sources. Journal of Adolescent
Health, 45, 208-210.Locklear, L.L., McDonald,C.G., Smith, R.F. & Fryxell, K.J.
Voluntary progression to an oral nicotine preference in inbred mice is strain-specific and
gender-specific. Submitted 2009.
Kaestle, C.E. & Wiles, B.B. Targeting high risk neighborhoods for tobacco prevention
education in schools, American Journal of Public Health, in press, September 2010.
Noonan, D., Kulbok, P. & Yan, G. Predicting Waterpipe Smoking in College Students using the
Theory of Reasoned Action, Journal of College Health, in review, 2010.
Noonan, D., Kulbok, P. & Yan, G. Predicting waterpipe smoking intention in college students,
Nursing Research, in review, 2010.
Conference Presentations
VYTP investigators had a significant presence at national conferences and professional
meetings where they presented their research on youth tobacco use. During FY 2010, they made
at least 20 oral and poster presentations.
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Al-Ajaji, M. & Damaj, M.I. Early adolescent nicotine exposure has long-lasting effects on
nicotine and cocaine-induced dependence behaviors, Society of Research on Nicotine and
Tobacco (SRNT), Baltimore, Maryland, March 2010,.
Anderson, S.M. & Brunzell, D.H. Navigating the murky waters of nicotine and anxiety:
contributions of the ß2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit, Virginia Academy of
Science, Harrisonburg, Virginia, Spring 2010.
Boschen, K., Hendrick, E.S., Taylor, P., Beardsley, P.M., McIntosh, J.M. & Brunzell, D.H.
62*nAChRs in the nucleus accumbens regulate progressive ratio responding for
nicotine, Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, Illinois, Fall 2009.
Brielemaier, J.R., McDonald, C.G., Bergstrom, H., Fernandez, G., Smith, R.F. Environmental
novelty modulates long-term sensitization to nicotine following a single exposure in
adolescence, Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, Illinois, Oct 1721, 2009.
Brunzell, D.H., Boschen, K., Hendrick, E.S.,Taylor, P., Beardsley, P.M. & McIntosh, J.M.
62*nAChRs in the NAc shell regulate motivation to self-administer nicotine but not
nicotine locomotor activation. Nicotinics as Therapeutic Targets, Lincolnshire, Illinois,
Fall 2009.
Chen, J., Brunzell, D.H., Jackson, K., Kendler, K. & Chen, X. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain
family member 6 (ACSL6) and nicotine dependence, Society for Research on Nicotine
and Tobacco, Baltimore, Maryland, Spring 2010.
Chen, J., Brunzell, D., Jackson, K., Kendler, K. & Chen X. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain
family member 6 (ACSL6) and nicotine dependence. American Society of Human
Genetics, Honolulu, Hawaii, Fall 2009.
Dharker, N. S. & K. J. Fryxell. Gene expression response of adolescent mice of various strains
and genders to repeated nicotine injections. Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, Illinois,
October, 2009.
Ding, Y., Poklis, J.L., Boschen, K.E. & Brunzell, D.H. Comparison of intravenous and
subcutaneous nicotine administration on nicotine and cotinine concentrations in serum
and brain. Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, Illinois, October, 2009.
Fryxell, K. J. Which signaling pathway(s) drive nicotine preference in adolescent C57BL/6J
mice? Virginia Youth Tobacco Coalition Meeting, Richmond VA, March 2010.
Haddad, L. & Abu Baker, N. The influence of secondhand smoke exposure on birth outcomes in
Jordan. Braking evidence paper presented at the Southern Nursing Research Society 24rd
annual conference, Austin, Texas, February 2010.
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Hancock, L. Orbs, sticks, strips and snus: What's new in tobacco products? Breakout session for
the Virginia Tobacco Settlement Foundation annual conference, October 2009.
Kienzle, J., Svikis, D.S., Meloy, L. & Keyser-Marcus, L. Predictors of smoking initiation in an
urban sample of African-American adolescents. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting
of the Society of Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, February, 2009.
Kilzieh, N., Rastam, S., Maziak, W., Tapp, A., Eissenberg, T. Negative Affect in Depressed vs.
Non-Depressed Smokers after Brief Nicotine Abstinence. Poster presented to the 22nd
European Congress of Neuropsychopharmacology Congress, Istanbul, Turkey,
September 2009.
Koch, R, Meszaros, P., Evans, S., Meyer, B. & Lane, C. An evidence-based substance abuse
preventive intervention for youth with psychiatric disorders: Initial results. Paper
presented at the American Public Health Association Annual Meeting, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, November 2009.
Kulbok, P.A., Botchwey, N., Meszaros, P.S., Hinton, I. & Anderson, N. Using CBPR and
ethnographic methods to assess a rural community and design a youth substance use
prevention program. Paper presentation, Virginia Youth Tobacco Project, Richmond,
Virginia, March 2010.
Kulbok, P.A., Meszaros, P.S., Hinton, I., Botchwey, N. & Noonan, D. Protective factors and
tobacco-free male adolescents in rural Virginia. Paper presented at the 137th American
Public Health Association Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 2009.
Meszaros, P.M., Kulbok, P.A., Hartman, K.A. & Noonan, D. Parental Intentionality in
Preventing Male Adolescent Tobacco Use. Poster presented at the 137th American Public
Health Association Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 2009.
Noonan, D. & Kulbok, P.A. Predicting waterpipe use in college students using the theory of
reasoned action. Paper presented at the 137th APHA Annual Meeting, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, November 2009.
Sears, E.D., Brielmaier, J.M., McDonald, C.G. & Smith, R.F. Social context during a single
nicotine exposure in adolescence affects neurobehavioral response to drug challenge in
adulthood. Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Chicago, Illinois, Oct 1721, 2009.
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FY 2011
Grant Applications Submitted to External Sources
VYTP investigators reported submitting 14 grant applications, with 10 of those being
funded.
Submitted and Under Review or Not Funded
Source: The Foundation for Alcohol Research
P.I.: Darlene H. Brunzell
Title: Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor contributions to alcohol use.
Specific Aims: The aims of this project would have explored nicotinic receptor subunit
contributions to alcohol consumption.
Not funded
Source: National Institutes of Health
P.I.: Christine Kaestle
Title: Advancing Youth Health through Media Literacy.
Specific Aims: The overall goal of this R21 project is to test health promotion media literacy
interventions for early adolescents (10 to 13 years old) that focus on multiple health behaviors
including tobacco use and SSB consumption. The intervention is designed to be integrated within
summer or after school program options delivered by a local community organization, the
YMCA. In our market test of a theoretically-driven tobacco-only week-long media literacy
intervention (n=26), preliminary analyses indicate that smoking media literacy was improved. In
addition, a consistent finding across focus groups was that the adolescents were interested in a
broader set of health behaviors and in moving their new media literacy skills into production
activities so that their work could be used as Public Service Announcements (PSAs) delivered
online, at school, or in other community locations. To address the potential for contamination
and power issues raised during the initial review of our proposal, we have developed a two group
quasi-experimental matched-contact control pilot study to determine the effectiveness of a 12session weekly media literacy (ML+) program focusing on multiple risk behaviors when
compared to a matched-contact control (CON) focusing on developing creative writing skills.
Based upon the findings of our feasibility market trial, the ML+ program will culminate with the
production of PSAs to help participants to act on their media literacy skills and experience the
fulfillment of their media literacy.
Thus, the specific aims of this application are to:(1) Determine the effectiveness of ML+ in
improving adolescent performance on several measures of general and health-related media
literacy compared to CON. (2) Assess the effectiveness of ML+ in changing health attitudes and
intentions for tobacco use and SSB intake when compared to CON. (3) Examine the impact of
ML+ on tobacco related behaviors (including urging others to quit smoking, avoiding
secondhand smoke, and tobacco experimentation) and SSB consumption when compared to
CON.
Type: R21 Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant
Revision submitted July 16, 2011
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Source: National Institutes of Health
Co-P.I.: Craig McDonald
Title: Rapid response human testing of smokeless tobacco products—with Pamela I Clark
(University of Maryland) PI
Specific Aims: 1) To characterize and contrast the abuse liability potential and likelihood of
adoption of a range of smokeless tobacco (ST) products. Abuse liability assessment (ALA) will
include liking and relief of craving/withdrawal in comparison to each other and to medicinal
nicotine (control with known low abuse potential). 2) To characterize and contrast the abuse
liability potential of a range of ST by comparing neurocognitive function (EEG spectral analysis
and event-related brain potentials) while using ST and while using medicinal nicotine. 3) To
characterize and contrast the potential toxicity of ST products. Boost biomarkers that are
sensitive to one-time use of a tobacco product will be measured, including salivary tobaccospecific nitrosamines (TSNAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and exhaled
breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs), all measured before and after single-use of each
product. 4) To characterize and contrast the potential toxicity and abuse potential of ST products
by measuring levels of VOCs emitted from a range of ST products, as well as product levels of
TSNAs and PAHs, and assessing pH, moisture, total nicotine, and free nicotine levels.
Type: R01 (note this is a resubmission)
Resubmission
Source: National Institutes of Health
CO-P.I.: Craig McDonald
Title: Abuse liability assessment and characterization of an electronic nicotine delivery system—
with Pamela I Clark (University of Maryland) PI
Specific Aims: 1) Determine the abuse liability potential of an electronic nicotine delivery
system (ENDS) in a sample of participants motivated to quit smoking. Abuse liability assessment
will include liking and relief of craving/withdrawal in comparison to own brand commercial
cigarette (positive control with known abuse potential), ENDS placebo (sensorimotor effects
only), and sham smoking (negative control), self-administration pattern of ENDS while ad lib
"smoking," and withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation of use. 2) Characterize ENDS by
comparing neurocognitive function (EEG spectral analysis and evoked brain potentials) while
smoking ENDS, ENDS placebo, own brand tobacco cigarettes and while sham smoking, and by
plasma nicotine boost and smoking topography. 3) To inform future cessation trials, determine
likely patterns of use during a cessation attempt.
Type: R21
Submitted
Submitted and Approved for Funding
Source: Thomas and Kate Miller Jeffress Memorial Trust P.I.: Darlene H. Brunzell
Title: Mechanisms of nicotine effects on anxiety.
Specific Aims: The aims of this small grant are to identify second messenger signaling pathways
by which nicotine exerts its anxiolytic and anxiogenic effects.
Project Period: 01/01/11-12/31/11
Annual Direct Cost: $10,000.00
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Source: National Institutes of Health R01
P.I.: Darelene H. Brunzell
Title: nAChR contributions to affective behavior.
Specific Aims: This project will identify selective nicotinic subunit regulation of signaling
pathways that support anxiety-like behavior.
Project Period: 09/01/11-08/30/16
Annual Direct Cost: $225,000.00
Source: National Institutes of Health R01
P.I.: Imad Damaj
Title: Role of calcium-dependent mechanisms in nicotine’s tolerance ad effects.
Specific Aims: The broad objective of this proposal is to elucidate the calcium-dependent
mechanisms of nicotine's effects and dependence.
Project Period: 09/30/06 – 07/31/11
Annual Direct Costs: $210,552
Source: National Institutes for Health R03
P.I.: Thomas Eissenberg
Title: Waterpipe tobacco smoking: Trends, toxicants, and capacity building in Jordan.
Specific Aims: Globally, tobacco use accounts for 4.9 million deaths each year. The contribution
of cigarette smoking to this toll has been well-documented. However, millions smoke tobacco
using other methods, including waterpipes ("hookah" or "shisha"). As the WHO notes, waterpipe
tobacco smoking is spreading globally and has been associated with tobacco-caused disease.
Global popularity and disease risk highlight the need to learn more about waterpipe smoking,
including its regional prevalence and user toxicant exposure profile.
Project Period: 09/01/09-08/30/12
Annual Direct Costs: $61,445
Source: National Institutes of Health R01
P.I.: Thomas Eissenberg
Title: Waterpipe tobacco smoke: Toxicant exposure and effects.
Specific Aims: This project combines clinical laboratory methods, analytical chemistry, and
cellular biology to achieve three specific aims. 1) Learn about individual waterpipe user toxicant
exposure, effects, and smoke toxicant content. 2) Learn how group use influences waterpipe
toxicant exposure, effect, and smoke toxicant content. 3) Compare the toxicant exposure and
effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking and cigarette smoking. The project will inform nascent
efforts to prevent waterpipe tobacco smoking from contributing substantially to tobacco's
morbidity and mortality by revealing the user toxicant exposure, subjective, cardiovascular, and
pulmonary effects, and cytogenicity and mutagenicity of waterpipe tobacco smoke produced by
individuals and groups; it will also address frequent but probably erroneous statements regarding
waterpipe filtering and lower toxicant levels relative to cigarette smoke.
Project Period: 01/01/11 – 12/31/11
Annual Direct Costs: $556,913
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Source: National Institutes of Health-U. of Pittsburgh
P.I.: Thomas Eissenberg
Title: Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Among U.S. Young Adults.
Specific Aims: Tobacco smoking using a waterpipe (a.k.a., hookah) is an emerging trend and a
threat to U.S. public health. The American College Health Association's new National College
Health Assessment (NCHA) surveys more than 90,000 individuals annually and will be the first
large scale survey to include basic items that assess waterpipe tobacco smoking. This project
leverages these data to help us determine the prevalence and correlates of waterpipe tobacco
smoking among a large sample of U.S. university students (Specific Aim 1). Multivariable
models will assess independent associations between waterpipe smoking outcomes and (1)
respondent factors such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and other substance
use; and (2) environmental variables such as college/university setting, and geographic region.
Next, we will use qualitative assessments to inform a theoretical framework describing the
factors related to uptake of waterpipe tobacco smoking (Specific Aim 2). Finally, we will
conduct a nationally-representative, longitudinal study of 3700 individuals aged 15-30
investigating the trajectories and consequences of waterpipe tobacco smoking (Specific Aim 3).
Project Period: 05/01/10 – 02/28/15
Annual Direct Costs: $24,811
Source: National Institutes of Health-U. of Memphis
P.I.: Thomas Eissenberg
Title: Responding to the Changing Tobacco Epidemic in the Eastern Mediterranean Region.
Specific Aims: Tobacco use accounts for 4.9 million deaths annually, with 70% of 2020's 10
million predicted deaths occurring in developing nations. This shocking prediction highlights the
need for developing nations to examine patterns and determinants of tobacco use, understand
local tobacco use methods, develop effective cessation interventions, and train their own tobacco
control scientists. In 2002, with NIH/FIC support, the Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies (SCTS)
began this effort in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). Meanwhile, Syria and other EMR
nations ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). This application for
continued SCTS support builds on four years of research and training momentum, and prepares
Syria and the EMR to meet FCTC obligations. There are four specific aims. First, we seek to
understand adolescent tobacco use patterns and determinants: a school-based longitudinal study
will examine trends in tobacco use in 4000 Syrian youth. Second, we will examine waterpipe
toxicant exposure, dependence, and risk in a laboratory study of 240 waterpipe users placed in
three groups based on past-month use frequency. All users will be tested under conditions of 0and 72-hour abstinence. Particulate matter emissions, a risk for non-users, will also be assessed.
Third, we will conduct a randomized clinical trial (multi-site, double blind, placebo-controlled)
of a smoking cessation intervention in 250 smokers, while simultaneously studying proximal
(e.g., patient) and distal (health care center, staff, policy) factors that can influence the
intervention's successful integration within the Syrian public health care system. Fourth, we will
continue to build regional tobacco control capacity: our successful program of training Syrian
researchers will be maintained, as we also organize and fund three, 1-week, training courses in
years 1, 3, and 5 and develop and capitalize on our Research Assistance Matching project.
Project Period: 09/01/07 – 08/30/2011
Annual Direct Costs: $49,677
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Source: National Institutes of Health R01
P.I.: Thomas Eissenberg
Title: REALTIME waterpipe tobacco smoke toxicant sampling in the natural environment.
Specific Aims: 1) Characterize a real-time waterpipe (WP) smoke sampling device (Years 1-3).
We have developed a prototype device that measures puff topography and samples WP smoke in
real- time (REALTIME). 2) Evaluate REALTIME design options in the clinical laboratory
(Years 1 and 2). 3) Evaluate REALTIME in the natural environment (years 4 and 5). The project
will inform nascent efforts to prevent waterpipe tobacco smoking from contributing substantially
to tobacco's morbidity and mortality by developing and validating the technology necessary to
learn about waterpipe smoke toxicant content in natural settings.
Project Period: 02/01/11 – 11/30/15
Annual Direct Costs: $429,281
Source: Jordan University of Science & Technology
P.I.: Linda Haddad
Title: Jordanian women’s knowledge, attitudes, and avoidance behavior toward secondhand
smoking.
Specific Aims: To examine the self-reported level of second hand smoke exposure by the
Jordanian women secondhand smoke exposure at work and home. In addition the study aims to
follow up women assertiveness in avoiding secondhand smoke exposure.
Project Period: 2010-2011
Annual Direct Costs: $5,000
Source: National Institutes for Health R44
CO-P.I.: Scott Strayer
Title: QUITADVISORMD: A point-of-care tool for brief smoking cessation interventions.
Specific Aims: Primary care physicians are in a unique position to impact smoking behaviors;
however, efficacy is limited due to competing demands, lack of knowledge, and lack of
confidence. During Phase I of this SBIR Silverchair Science & Communications, in partnership
with the University of Virginia, developed a prototype point-of-care computer software
application to enhance clinician effectiveness in smoking intervention at the primary care level
called QuitAdvisorMD. QuitAdvisorMD distills recommended guidelines and evidence based
practices into a practical, streamlined, patient tailored, electronic resource that is easy to use,
intuitive, and rapidly accessible to busy clinicians at the point of care. The tools content is based
on evidence-based practice guidelines; motivational interviewing; and the stage-based behavior
change. During Phase II Silverchair will develop QuitAdvisorMD into a robust platform suitable
for commercial use. The University of Virginia will conduct a randomized controlled trial to
measure QuitAdvisorMD's impact on increasing the number patients who receive appropriate
smoking cessation counseling sessions initiated by primary care physicians. PUBLIC HEALTH
RELEVANCE: The proposed effort will impact public health by providing point-of-care
computer software application that enhances clinician effectiveness in smoking intervention at
the primary care level called QuitAdvisorMD. This should lead to an increase in the number
patients who receive appropriate smoking cessation counseling sessions initiated by primary care
physicians.
Project Period: 03/01/11 – 02/28/12
Annual Direct Costs: $301,784
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Publications and Manuscript Submissions
VYTP investigators have made a significant contribution to the scientific literature on
youth tobacco youth, having published at least 36 manuscripts during FY 2011. An additional 21
manuscripts were submitted for publication or were in press at the end of FY 2011.
Publications
Azab, M., Khabour, O.F., Alkaraki, A.K., Eissenberg, T., AlZoubi, K.H. & Primack, B.A.
Waterpipe tobacco smoking among university students in Jordan, Nicotine & Tobacco
Research, 12, 606-12, 2010.
Blank, M.D., Nasim A., Hart, A. & Eissenberg, T. Acute effects of cigarillo smoking, Nicotine &
Tobacco Research, 2011 Apr 18. [Epub ahead of print]
Blank, M.D., Cobb, C.O., Kilgalen, B., Austin, J., Weaver, M.F., Shihadeh, A., & Eissenberg, T.
Acute effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking: a double-blind, placebo-control study,
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 2010.
Blank, M.D. & Eissenberg, T. Evaluating oral, non-combustible potential reduced exposure
products for smokers, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 12, 336-343, 2010.
Bergstrom, H.C., McDonald, C.G., Mollinedo, N.S., Smith, R.F. Chronic nicotine exposure
produces lateralized, age-dependent dendritic remodeling in the rodent basolateral
amygdala, Synapse, 64, 754-64, 2010.
Carroll, F.I., Muresan, A.Z., Blough, B.E., Navarro, H.A., Mascarella, S.W., Eaton, J.B., Huang,
X., Damaj, M.I. & Lukas, R.J. Synthesis of 2-(substituted phenyl)-3,5,5trimethylmorpholine analogues and their effects on monoamine uptake, nicotinic
acetylcholine receptor function, and behavioral effects of nicotine, Journal of Medicinal
Chemistry, 54(5):1441-8, 2010. Epub 2011 Feb 14.
Carroll, F.I., Blough, B.E., Mascarella, S.W., Navarro, H.A., Eaton, J.B., Lukas, R.J. & Damaj,
M.I. Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Efficacy and Pharmacological Properties of 3(Substituted phenyl)-2β-substituted Tropanes, Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2010.
[Epub ahead of print].
Cobb, C.O., Weaver, M.F., Shihadeh, A., & Eissenberg, T. Waterpipe tobacco smoking and
cigarette smoking: A direct comparison of toxicant exposure and subjective effects,
Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 13, 78-87, 2011.
Cobb, C., Weaver, M.F., & Eissenberg, T. Evaluating the acute effects of oral, non-combustible
potential reduced exposure products marketed to smokers, Tobacco Control, 19, 367-73,
2010.
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Cobb, C., Ward, K.D., Maziak W., Shihadeh A.L., & Eissenberg T. (2010). Waterpipe tobacco
smoking: An emerging health crisis in the United States. American Journal of Health
Behavior, 34, 275-285.
Damaj, M.I., Grabus, S.D., Navarro, H.A., Vann, R.E., Warner, J.A., King, L.S., Wiley, J.L.,
Blough, B.E., Lukas, R.J. & Carroll, F.I. Effects of hydroxymetabolites of bupropion on
nicotine dependence behavior in mice, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, 334(3):1087-95, 2010.
Eissenberg, T. Electronic “Cigarettes:” Ineffective nicotine delivery and craving suppression
after acute administration, Tobacco Control, 19, 87-88, 2010.
England, L.J., Kim, S.Y., Tomar, S., Ray, C., Gupta, P.C., Eissenberg, T., Cnattingius, S., J.T.,
Bernert, Tita, A.T.N., Winn, D., Djordjevic, M., Lambe, M., Stamilo, D., Chipato, T. &
Tolosa J.E. Non-cigarette tobacco use among women and adverse pregnancy outcomes,
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 89, 454-64, 2010.
Eppolito. A.K., Bachus, S.E., McDonald, C.G., Meador-Woodruff, J.H. & Smith, R.F. Late
emerging effects of gestational and early postnatal nicotine exposure on the cholinergic
system and anxiety-like behaviors, Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 32 (3), 336-345,
2010.
Etter, J-F., Bullen, C., Flouris, A., Laugesen, M., & Eissenberg T. Electronic nicotine delivery
systems: A research agenda, Tobacco Control, 2011.
Fagan, P., Moolchan, E.T., Hart, A., Jr, Rose, A., Lawrence, D., Shavers, V.L.& Gibson, J.T.
Nicotine dependence and quitting behaviors among menthol and non-menthol smokers
with similar consumptive patterns, Addiction, 105 Suppl 1:55-74, 2010.
Gabbay, F.H., Duncan, C.C. & McDonald, C.G. Brain potential indices of novelty processing are
associated with preference for amphetamine, Experimental and Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 18: 470-488, 2010.
George, O., Lloyd, A., Carroll, F.I., Damaj, M.I. & Koob, G.F. Varenicline blocks nicotine
intake in rats with extended access to nicotine self-administration, Psychopharmacology
(Berl), 213(4):715-22, 2010. Epub 2010 Oct 6.
Haddad, L., Elswick. R.K. & Alzyoud S. Measuring tobacco specific lung carcinogen among
nonsmoking hospitality workers in Richmond, Virginia: A preliminary evaluation of
exposure before the smoking ban, Tobacco Use Insights, (4)9-16, 2011.
Haddad, L. Secondhand Smoking in Jordan: Clearing the air for one of the highest tobacco
prevalence countries in the middle east, Tobacco Use Insights, 4, 1-7, 2011.
Jackson, K.J., Marks, M.J., Vann, R.E., Chen, X., Gamage, T.F., Warner, J.A. & Damaj, M.I.
Role of alpha5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in pharmacological and behavioral
33
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effects of nicotine in mice, Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,
334 (1):137-46, 2010.
Kaestle, C.E. & Wiles, B.B. Targeting high risk neighborhoods for tobacco prevention education
in schools, American Journal of Public Health, 100, 1708-1713, 2010.
Kleykamp, B.A., Jennings, J.M. & Eissenberg, T.E. Effects of transdermal nicotine and
concurrent smoking on cognitive performance in tobacco-abstinent smokers,
Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 19, 75-84, 2011.
Kota, D., Sanjakdar, S., Marks, M.J., Khabour, O., Alzoubi, K. & Damaj, M.I. Exploring
behavioral and molecular mechanisms of nicotine reward in adolescent mice,
Biochemical Pharmacology, 2011 Jun 24. [Epub ahead of print].
Kulbok, P., Meszaros, P., Botchwey, N, Hinton, I., Bovbjerg, V., Rhee, H., Anderson, N., &
Noonan, D. Mother-daughter communication: A protective factor for not Smoking, The
Journal of Addictions Nursing, 21, (2-3), 69-78, 2010.
Lenhart, J.A., Ling, X, Gandhi, R., Guo T.L., Gerk P.M., Brunzell, D.H. & Zhang S. “Clicked”
bivalent ligands containing curcumin and cholesterol as multifunctional abeta
oligomerization inhibitors: design, synthesis, and biological characterization, Journal of
Medicinal Chemistry, 53(16):6198-209, 2010.
Locklear, L.L. & Fryxell, K.J. The role of the Cd81 gene in the behavioral and gene expression
response to nicotine. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 269.3, 2010.
Lynch, W.J. & Sofouglu, M. Progesterone as a treatment for nicotine addiction: evidence from
initiation to relapse prevention, Experimental, Clinical Psychopharmacology, 18(6):45161, 2010.
Lynch, W.J., Nicholson, K., Dance, M.E., Morgan, R. & Foley, P. Animal models of substance
abuse and addiction, Comparative Medicine, 60(3):177-88, 2010.
Maes HH, Neale MC, Chen X, Chen J, Prescott CA, Kendler KS, A twin association study of
nicotine dependence with markers in the CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 genes, Behavioral
Genetics, 2011 Jul 12. [Epub ahead of print].
Maziak, W., Rastam, S., Shihadeh, A.L., Bazzi, A., Ibrahim, I., Zaatari, G.S., Ward, K.D. &
Eissenberg, T. Nicotine exposure in daily waterpipe smokers and its relation to puff
topography, Addictive Behaviors, 36, 397-9, 2010.
O’Laughlen, M., Rance, K., Rovnyak, V. & Hollen, P. Adherence rates by Nurse Practitioners to
the National Asthma Educational Prevention Program (NAEPP) Guidelines [abstract].
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 127(2), supplement, AB46, 2011.
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Rance, K., O’Laughlen, M. & Ting, S. Improving asthma care for African American children by
increasing asthma guideline adherence, Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 25(4), 235249, 2011.
Rance, K., & O’Laughlen, M. Behind the NAEPP Guidelines: An integrative review of their
development and utilization in practice, Journal of Asthma and Allergy Educators, 1,
184-187, 2010.
Rastam, S., Eissenberg, T., Ibrahim, I., Ward, K.D., Khalil, R. & Maziak, W. Comparative
analysis of waterpipe and cigarette suppression of abstinence and craving symptoms,
Addictive Behaviors, 36, 555-9, 2011.
Vansickel, A.R., Cobb, C.O., Weaver, M.F. & Eissenberg, T. A clinical laboratory model for
evaluating the acute effects of electronic “cigarettes”: Nicotine delivery profile and
cardiovascular and subjective effects, Cancer, Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention,
19, 1945-53, 2011.
Manuscripts Submitted/In Press
Blank, M.D., Nasim, A., Hart Jr., A. & Eissenberg, T. Acute effects of cigarillo smoking,
Nicotine & Tobacco Research, In press.
Brielmaier, J.M., McDonald, C.G. & Smith, R.F. Effects of acute stress on acquisition of
nicotine conditioned place preference in adolescent rats: A role for corticotropinreleasing factor 1 receptors, Psychopharmacology, In press.
Brunzell, D.H. & McIntosh, J.M. Alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors modulate motivation
to self administer nicotine: Implications for smoking and schizophrenia, submitted.
Chen, Y. & Kaestle, C. E. Implementing media literacy interventions for youth: Lessons learned,
Journal of Health Communication, In preparation.
Chen, J., Brunzell D.H., Jackson, K., van der Vaart, A., Ma, J.Z., Payne, T.J., Sherva, R., Farrer,
L.A., Gejman, P. , Levinson, D.F. , Holmans, P., Aggen, S.H., Damaj, M.I., Kuo, P,
Webb, B.T., Anton, R, Kranzler, H.R., Gelernter, J., Li, M.D., Kendler, K.S. & Chen, X.
ACSL6 is Associated with the Number of Cigarettes Smoked and Expression is Increased
by Chronic Nicotine Exposure, Submitted.
Chen, Y. & Austin, E. W. The role of parental mediation in the development of media literacy
and the prevention of substance use among emerging adults. Chapter prepared for Media
Effects/Media Psychology (International Companion to Media Studies). Editor: Erica
Scharrer. Blackwell-Wiley Publishing, In press.
Kaestle, C.E. & Chen, Y. Effectiveness of media literacy market trial for tobacco prevention
among youth, Prevention Science, In press.
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Dino, G.A., Pignataro, R., Breland, A., Murray, P. & Horn, K. Adolescent Smoking Cessation:
Promising Strategies and Evidence-based Recommendations, Adolescent Medicine: State
of the Art Reviews. Submitted.
Evans, S.W., Sadler, J.M., Brady, C.E., Koch, J.R., Neugroschel, Moore, R.A. & Meszaros, P.S.
Community and school mental health professionals’ knowledge and use of evidence
based substance use prevention programs, Submitted for publication--being revised for
publication.
Kennedy, M.G., Genderson, M.W., Sepulveda, A.L., Garland, S.L., Wilson,D.B., Singleton, R.
& Dubuque, S. One Tiny Reason to Quit campaign effects on tobacco quitline calls from
pregnant African American women in urban and rural areas, CDC journal - Preventing
Chronic Disease, Submitted.
Kienzle, J.N., Meloy, L., Svikis, D. & Keyser-Marcus, L. Predictors of smoking initiation in an
urban sample of African American adolescents, Nicotine & Tobacco Research,
Submitted.
Kulbok, P. A. & Botchwey, N.D. Promoting Healthy Communities Using Multilevel
Participatory Strategies. In M. Stanhope & J. Lancaster (Eds.) Public Health Nursing:
Population-centered health care in the community, edition 8. Mosby, Inc., In press.
Lipkus, I., Eissenberg, T., Schwartz-Bloom, R.D., Prokhorov, A.V. & Levy, J. Affecting
perceptions of harm and addiction among college waterpipe tobacco smokers, Nicotine &
Tobacco Research, In press.
Locklear, L.L., McDonald, C.G., Smith, R.F. & Fryxell, K.J. Adult inbred mice voluntarily
progress to nicotine dependence in an oral self-selection assay, Psychopharmacology,
Submitted.
Mzayek, F., Khader, Y., Eissenberg, T., Ward, K.D. & Maziak, W. Design, baseline results of
Irbid longitudinal, school-based smoking study, American Journal of Health Behavior, In
press.
Noonan, D., Kulbok, P., Yan, G. Predicting waterpipe smoking in college students using the
theory of reasoned action, Journal of Child and Adolescent Addiction, In press.
Noonan, D., Kulbok, P., Yan, G. Intention to smoke tobacco using waterpipe among students in
a southeastern U.S. college, Public Health Nursing, In press.
O’Laughlen, M., Rance, K., Rovnyak, V. Hollen, P. & Cabana, M. D. National Asthma
Education Prevention Program (NAEPP): Survey of nurse practitioners’ knowledge,
attitudes, and behaviors, Journal of Pediatric Health Care, Under review.
36
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Rance, K., O’Laughlen, M., & Platts-Mills, T. Symptom scores, spirometry, and IgE assays: Are
all equally effective in assessing and managing pediatric asthma in African Americans?
The Nurse Practitioner, In press.
Smith, M.A. & Lynch, W.J. Preclinical models of exercise and drug-seeking behavior. In
Handbook on Exercise for Psychiatric Treatment, In press.
Wheeler, T., Bachus, S.E., Fryxell, K.J. & Smith, R.F. Adolescent nicotine and methylphenidate
have additive effects on adult nicotine challenge, baseline mRNA expression, and mRNA
expression to nicotine challenge, Biological Psychiatry. Not accepted; under revision for
resubmission to another journal.
Conference Presentations
VYTP investigators had a significant presence at national conferences and professional
meetings where they presented their research on youth tobacco use. During FY 2011, they made
at least 33 oral and poster presentations.
Anderson, S.M. & Brunzell, D.H. Nicotine and Anxiety – Contributions of the ß2 Subunit,
Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Meeting, Toronto ON Canada, February,
2011.
Blank, M.D., Vansickel, A. & Eissenberg, T. Clinical laboratory evaluation of the effects of
electronic “cigarettes”, Poster presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Society for
Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Toronto, Canada, February 2011.
Blank, M.D., Nasim, A., Austin, J., Kilgalen, B., Hart, A. & Eissenberg, T. Toxicant exposure,
cardiovascular response, and subjective effects of cigarillo smoking, Poster presented at
the 17th annual meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Toronto,
Canada, February 2011.
Breland, A., Koch, R. & Irons, J. Tobacco use among youth receiving public behavioral
healthcare services, Poster presentation at the 5th Joint Meeting on Adolescent Treatment
Effectiveness, Baltimore, Maryland, December 2011.
Breland, A., Koch, R., Irons, J, Nasim, A. Tobacco use among African-American youth being
treated for behavioral healthcare issues, Poster presentation at the 73rd annual meeting of
the College of Problems on Drug Dependence, Hollywood, Florida, June 2011.
Brielmaier, J.M., McDonald, C.J., Smith, R.F. Acute stress facilitates acquisition of nicotine
conditioned place preference in adolescent rats: A role for corticotropin-releasing factor 1
receptors, Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, CA, November
2010.
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Brunzell, D.H. Exercise as a prevention and intervention strategy for tobacco use, Virginia
Department of Health Tobacco Control/Healthy Communities Meeting, Richmond, VA,
November 2010.
Brunzell, D.H. Alpha 7 nicotinic receptors regulate self administration of nicotine in rats, Society
for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Toronto, ON, Canada, February 2011.
Brunzell, D.H. Intracellular contributions to nicotine use and mechanisms of nicotine
deprivation effects on motivation to work for nicotine, Satellite workshop to the Society
for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco Meeting, Toronto, ON, Canada, February 2011.
Brunzell, D.H., Boschen, K., Ding Y. & Poklis J. Preclinical assessment of the potential abuse
liability of smokeless tobacco: Efficacy of intravenous versus subcutaneous nicotine self
administration, European Society for Neuroscience Meeting, Bath England, UK,
September 2010.
Brunzell, D.H., Boschen K., Beardsley, P.M., Lee, J. & McIntosh J.M. Activation versus
inhibition of high and low affinity nicotinic receptors differentially supports motivation
to self administer nicotine: Implications for schizophrenia and smoking phenotype,
Wellcome Trust Meeting on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Hinxton, England UK,
May 2011.
Cobb, C.O., Vansickel, A.R.& Eissenberg, T.E. Carbon monoxide exposure associated with
waterpipe tobacco smoking: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Poster presented at
the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco meeting in Toronto, Ontario, Canada,
February 2011.
Ehlinger, D. G., Falco, A.M., McDonald, C.G. & Smith, R.F. Chronic co-administration of
prazosin and nicotine during adolescence attenuates nicotine’s influence on anxiety-like
behavior in adulthood, Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, San Diego,
California, November 2010.
Falco, A.M., McDonald, C.G., Bachus, S.E., Blanchard, C.J. & Smith, R.F. Nucleus accumbens
D2 receptor expression correlates of age-dependent anxiety-like behavior and nicotinestimulated activity, Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, San Diego,
California, November 2010.
Fernandez, G.M., Brielmaier, J.M., McDonald, C.G. & Smith, R.F. Chronic adolescent nicotine
exposure presents no effect on cocaine conditioned place preference induction, extinction
or reinstatement, Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, California,
November 2010.
Hancock, L.C. Tobacco: Old myths, new products, & better strategies for behavior change
success. Annual Armed Forces Public Health Conference, Newport News, Virginia,
March 2011.
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Hancock, L.C. Tobacco update: New products to addict & new medication strategies to quit,
Annual VA Nurse Practitioner Conference, Roanoke, Virginia, March 2011.
Hancock, L.C. Tobacco and motivational interviewing, Maryland Coalition of Nurse
Practitioners Annual Meeting, Maryland, April 2011.
Hollen, P. J., Tyc, V., Shannon, M. S., Donnangelo, S. M., Hinton, I., K. McDonnell, K., &
O’Laughlen, M. A clinical profile of decision making and substance use in 243
adolescent survivors of childhood cancer. 5th Biennial Cancer Survivorship Research
Conference, Washington, D.C., June 2010.
Kaestle, C. E., Chen, Y., Estabrooks, P. & Zoellner, J. Market trial of media literacy for tobacco
prevention among youth: Lessons learned, Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the
Society of Behavioral Medicine, Washington, DC, April 2011.
Kulbok, P., Botchwey, N.D., Meszaros, P.S., Hinton, I.D. & Anderson, N. Using Communitybased participatory research and ethnographic methods to assess a rural community,
Paper presented at the 138th APHA Annual Meeting, Denver Colorado, November 2010.
Kulbok, P., Meszaros, P.S., Botchwey, N.D., Hinton, I.D., Noonan, D. & Anderson, N. Factors
influencing rural tobacco-free male adolescents, Poster presented at the State of the
Science Congress on Nursing Research, Washington D.C., September 2010.
Lynch, Wendy. Sex differences in drug addiction: a translational perspective, Invited Speaker:
Human Nature – Women Mental Health, Canadian Institutes on Health Research,
Montreal, Canada, January 2011.
Lynch, Wendy. Sex differences in the molecular mechanisms of addiction, Invited Speaker:
Psychiatry/ Psychology. The 5th International Congress on Gender Medicine, Tel Aviv,
Isreal, November 2010.
Nasim, A., Blank, M.D. & Eissenberg, T. Patterns of alternative tobacco use among youth
cigarette smokers, Poster presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Society for
Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Toronto, Canada, February 2011.
Nasim, A., Blank, M.D. & Eissenberg, T. Cigar misreporting among youth in Virginia, Poster
presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and
Tobacco, Toronto, Canada, February 2011.
Noonan, D., Kulbok. P. Beliefs and norms associated with waterpipe smoking intention in
college students. Poster presented at the 138th APHA Annual Meeting, November 2010,
Denver CO.
Noonan, D., Kulbok, P. & Yan, G. Predicting waterpipe use in a college population, Poster
presented at the State of the Science Congress on Nursing Research, Washington D.C.,
September 2010.
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O’Laughlen, M., Rance, K., Rovnyak, V. & Hollen, P. Adherence rates by nurse practitioners to
the National Asthma Educational Prevention Program (NAEPP) Guidelines, Selected to
present at the 2011 American Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology (AAAAI)
Annual Meeting, San Francisco, California, March 2011.
O’Laughlen, M. & Hollen, P. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of providers related to the
National Asthma Educational Prevention Program (NAEPP) Guidelines: Survey to
enhance the educational component of a practical intervention to increase guideline
adherence, selected to present at the Northern Virginia Council of Nurse Practitioner’s
40th Annual Conference, Reston, Virginia, March 2010.
O’Laughlen, M., Hollen, & P. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of providers related to the
national Asthma Educational Prevention Program (NAEPP) Guidelines: Survey to
enhance the educational component of a practical intervention to increase guideline
adherence, Selected to present at the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 25th
Annual Conference, Phoenix, Arizona, June 2010.
Rance, K. & O’Laughlen, M. National Asthma Educational Prevention Program (NAEPP)
Guidelines: Survey of nurse practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, Selected
to present at the 32nd Annual NAPNAP Conference, Baltimore, Maryland, March 2011.
Vansickel, A.R. & Eissenberg, T.E. Abuse liability assessment of electronic cigarettes in
tobacco cigarette smokers, Poster presented at the annual meeting of the College on
Problems of Drug Dependence in Hollywood, Florida, June 2011.
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FY 2012
Grant Applications Submitted to External Sources
In FY 2012, VYTP investigators reported submitting 6 grant applications, with 2 of those being
funded.
Submitted and Under Review or Not Funded
Source: NIH
P.I.: Kaestle, Christine & Chen, Yvonnes
Title: Revision of “Advancing Youth Health through Media Literacy”
Specific Aims:
Aim 1. Determine the effectiveness of Media Literacy Plus (ML+) in improving adolescent
performance on several measures of general and health-related media literacy compared to
Control (CON).
Aim 2. Assess the effectiveness of ML+ in changing health attitudes and intentions for tobacco
use and SSB intake when compared to CON.
Aim 3. Examine the impact of ML+ on tobacco related behaviors (including urging others to quit
smoking, avoiding secondhand smoke, and tobacco experimentation) and SSB consumption
when compared to CON.
Project Period: 07/01/12-06/30/13
Annual Direct Cost: $275,000
Source: NIH/NCI or NIDA
P.I.: Kennedy, May G.
Title: Getting in and getting out: Adoption effects of anticipated campaign retirement.
Specific Aims:
Aim 1: To test the effects of framing a decision to adopt the One Tiny Reason to Quit (OTRTQ)
campaign as a time-limited budgetary commitment on decision-maker outcomes.
H1: Framing OTRTQ as time-limited will increase survey response rate, OTRTQ adoption
interest, and interest in TA in OTRTQ. H2: Framing OTRTQ as time-limited will increase the
rated importance of EBI retirement planning and the willingness to help think through relevant
TA content.
Aim 2: To construct and test multi-level models of these practitioner interests.
Aim 3: To produce useful TA materials informed by practitioner experience.
If OTRTQ is replicated as a result of the research, the project will have public health impact.
Smoking is highly associated with negative birth outcomes and the OTRTQ target audience has
alarming infant mortality rates.
Project Period: March 2013 – December 2014
Annual Direct Cost: $135,000 in year 1; $141,000 in year 2
Source: National Institutes of Health
Co-PI: McDonald, Craig
Title: Rapid response human testing of smokeless tobacco products—with Pamela I Clark
(University of Maryland) PI
Specific Aims:
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1) To characterize and contrast the abuse liability potential and likelihood of adoption of a range
of smokeless tobacco (ST) products. Abuse liability assessment (ALA) will include liking and
relief of craving/withdrawal in comparison to each other and to medicinal nicotine (control with
known low abuse potential).
2) To characterize and contrast the abuse liability potential of a range of ST by comparing
neurocognitive function (EEG spectral analysis and event-related brain potentials) while using
ST and while using medicinal nicotine.
3) To characterize and contrast the potential toxicity of ST products. Boost biomarkers that are
sensitive to one-time use of a tobacco product will be measured, including salivary tobaccospecific nitrosamines (TSNAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and exhaled
breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs), all measured before and after single-use of each
product.
4) To characterize and contrast the potential toxicity and abuse potential of ST products by
measuring levels of VOCs emitted from a range of ST products, as well as product levels of
TSNAs and PAHs, and assessing pH, moisture, total nicotine, and free nicotine levels.
Type: R01 (note this is a resubmission)
Total Cost: $ 2,384,754
Project Period: 2012-2015
Source: National Cancer Institute
P.I.: Nasim, Aashir
Title: Cigarillo smoking: smoke toxicant content and user toxicant exposure and effects
Specific Aims: See attached
Project Period: 07/2012-06/2014
Annual Direct Cost: 275,000 across two years
Status: Impact score: 20; Percentile: 8%
Submitted and Approved for Funding
Source: Virginia Tech
P.I.: Kaestle, Christine
Title: Media Literacy and Health Development
Specific Aims: Media Literacy Plus curriculum development to address tobacco, alcohol, and
junk food industries.
Project Period: 9/2011-12/2011
Annual Direct Cost: $6,500
Source: National Institutes of Health
Co-PI: McDonald, Craig
Title: Abuse liability assessment and characterization of an electronic nicotine delivery system—
with Pamela I Clark (University of Maryland) PI
Specific Aims:
1) Determine the abuse liability potential of electronic a nicotine delivery system (ENDS) in a
sample of participants motivated to quit smoking. Abuse liability assessment will include liking
and relief of craving/withdrawal in comparison to own brand commercial cigarette (positive
control with known abuse potential), ENDS placebo (sensorimotor effects only), and sham
smoking (negative control), self-administration pattern of ENDS while ad lib "smoking," and
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withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation of use.
2) Characterize ENDS by comparing neurocognitive function (EEG spectral analysis and evoked
brain potentials) while smoking ENDS, ENDS placebo, own brand tobacco cigarettes and while
sham smoking, and by plasma nicotine boost and smoking topography.
3) To inform future cessation trials, determine likely patterns of use during a cessation attempt.
Type: R21
Total cost: $405,942
Project period: 2011-2013
Publication/Manuscripts Submitted
VYTP investigators have made a significant contribution to the scientific literature on
youth tobacco youth, having published over 43 manuscripts during FY 2012, with an additional
23 manuscripts under review or in press.
Publications
Abdrakhmanova, G. R., Kang, M., Imad Damaj, M., & Akbarali, H. I. (2012). Nicotine
suppresses hyperexcitability of colonic sensory neurons and visceral hypersensivity in
mouse model of colonic inflammation. American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal
and Liver Physiology, 302(7), G740-7.
Alsharari, S. D., Carroll, F. I., McIntosh, J. M., & Damaj, M. I. (2012). The antinociceptive
effects of nicotinic partial agonists varenicline and sazetidine-a in murine acute and tonic
pain models. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, [EPub ahead
of print].
Azab, M., Khabour, O. F., Alzoubi, K. H., Anabtawi, M. M., Quttina, M., Khader, Y., et al.
(2012). Exposure of pregnant women to waterpipe and cigarette smoke. Nicotine &
Tobacco Research: Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and
Tobacco, [EPub ahead of print].
Bares, C. B., & Andrade, F. H. (2012). Racial/ethnic differences in the longitudinal progression
of co-occurring negative affect and cigarette use: From adolescence to young adulthood.
Addictive Behaviors, 37(5), 632-640.
Blank, M. D., Cobb, C. O., Kilgalen, B., Austin, J., Weaver, M. F., Shihadeh, A., et al. (2011).
Acute effects of waterpipe tobacco smoking: A double-blind, placebo-control study.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 116(1-3), 102-109.
Blank, M. D., Nasim, A., Hart, A., Jr, & Eissenberg, T. (2011). Acute effects of cigarillo
smoking. Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for
Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 13(9), 874-879.
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Brielmaier J.M., McDonald, C.G., Smith, R.F. (2012). Effects of acute stress on acquisition of
nicotine conditioned place preference in adolescent rats: A role for corticotropinreleasing factor 1 receptors. Psychopharmacology 219(1): 73-82.
Brunzell, D. H., and McIntosh, J. M. (2012). Alpha 7 nicotinic receptors regulate motivation to
self-administer nicotine: implications for smoking and schizophrenia.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 37(5):1134-43. Doi: 10.1038/npp.2011.299, Epub 2011 Dec
14.
Brunzell, D.H. (2012). Activation of Alpha6 subunit containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
supports nicotine addiction behavior, Themed Basic Science Issue, Nicotine and
Tobacco Research, Ebup 2012 Apr 6.
Chen J., Brunzell, D.H., Jackson, K., van der Vaart, A., Ma, J.Z., Payne, T.J., Sherva, R., Farrer,
L.A., Gejman, P., Levinson, D.F., Holmans, P., Aggen, S.H. Damaj, M.I., Kuo, P.,
Webb, B.T., Anton, R. Kranzler, H.R., Gelernter, J., Li, M.D., Kendler, K.S. and Chen,
X. (2011). ACSL6 is associated with number of cigarettes smoked and its expression is
altered by chronic nicotine exposure. Plos One.
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0028790.
Cobb, C.O., Vansickel, A.R., Blank, M.D., Jentink, K., Travers, M.J., & Eissenberg, T. (2012).
Indoor air quality in Virginia waterpipe cafes. Tobacco Control, [EPub ahead of print].
Dino, G.A., Pignataro, R., Breland, A., Murray, P., & Horn, K. (2011). Adolescent Smoking
Cessation: Promising Strategies and Evidence-based Recommendations. Adolescent
Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, 22(3), 614-630.
Ehlinger, D.G., Bergstrom, H.C., McDonald, C.G., Smith, R.F. (2012). Nicotine-induced
dendritic remodeling in the insular cortex. Neuroscience Letters 516(1): 89-93.
George, A. A., Lucero, L. M., Damaj, M. I., Lukas, R. J., Chen, X., & Whiteaker, P. (2012).
Function of human alpha3beta4alpha5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors is reduced by the
alpha5 (Asp398Asn) variant. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, [EPub ahead of print].
Gharaibeh, H., Haddad, L., Alzyoud, S., El-Shahawy, O., Baker, N. A., & Umlauf, M. (2011).
Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior in avoiding secondhand smoke exposure among nonsmoking employed women with higher education in Jordan. International Journal of
Environmental Research and Public Health, 8(11), 4207-4219.
Horner, P., Grogan-Kaylor, A., Delva, J., Bares, C. B., Andrade, F., & Castillo, M. (2011). The
association of family and peer factors with tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana use among
Chilean adolescents in neighborhood Context1. Journal of Substance Abuse and
Rehabilitation, 2(1), 163-172.
Jackson, K. J., Chen, X., Miles, M. F., Harenza, J., & Damaj, M. I. (2011). The neuropeptide
galanin and variants in the GalR1 gene are associated with nicotine dependence.
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Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of
Neuropsychopharmacology, 36(11), 2339-2348.
Jackson, S. L., & Bonnie, R. J. (2011). A systematic examination of smoke-free policies in
multiunit dwellings in Virginia as reported by property managers: Implications for
prevention. American Journal of Health Promotion: AJHP, 26(1), 37-44.
Khabour, O. F., Alzoubi, K. H., Eissenberg, T., Mehrotra, P., Azab, M., Carroll, M. V., et
al. (2012). Waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking among university students in
jordan. The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease: The Official
Journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 16(7),
986-992.
Kota, D., Sanjakdar, S., Marks, M. J., Khabour, O., Alzoubi, K., & Damaj, M. I. (2011).
Exploring behavioral and molecular mechanisms of nicotine reward in adolescent mice.
Biochemical Pharmacology, 82(8), 1008-1014.
Kulbok, P., Thatcher, E., Park, E., Meszaros, P. (2012). Evolving Public Health Nursing Roles:
Focus on Community Participatory Health Promotion and Prevention. OJIN: The Online
Journal of Issues in Nursing Vol. 17, No. 2, Manuscript 1.
Kulbok, P.A., & Botchwey, N.D. (2011). Promoting Healthy Communities Using Multilevel
Participatory Strategies. In M. Stanhope & J. Lancaster (Eds.) Public Health Nursing:
Population-centered health care in the community, edition 8. Mosby, Inc.
Lipkus, I. M., Eissenberg, T., Schwartz-Bloom, R. D., Prokhorov, A. V., & Levy, J. (2011).
Affecting perceptions of harm and addiction among college waterpipe tobacco smokers.
Nicotine & Tobacco Research: Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine
and Tobacco, 13(7), 599-610.
Locklear, L.L., McDonald, C.G., Smith, R.F., Fryxell, K.J. (2012). Adult mice voluntarily
progress to nicotine dependence in an oral self-selection assay. Neuropharmacology
[Epub ahead of print]
Lorenzo-Blanco, E. I., Bares, C., & Delva, J. (2012). Correlates of Chilean adolescents’ negative
attitudes toward cigarettes: The role of gender, peer, parental, and environmental factors.
Nicotine & Tobacco Research: Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine
and Tobacco, 14(2), 142-152.
Muldoon, P. P., Lichtman, A. H., Parsons, L. H., & Damaj, M. I. (2012). The role of fatty acid
amide hydrolase inhibition in nicotine reward and dependence. Life Sciences, [EPub
ahead of print].
Mzayek, F., Khader, Y., Eissenberg, T., Al Ali, R., Ward, K. D., & Maziak, W. (2012). Patterns
of water-pipe and cigarette smoking initiation in schoolchildren: Irbid longitudinal
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smoking study. Nicotine & Tobacco Research: Official Journal of the Society for
Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 14(4), 448-454.
Mzayek, F., Khader, Y., Eissenberg, T., Ward, K. D., & Maziak, W. (2011). Design,
baseline results of Irbid longitudinal, school-based smoking study. American
Journal of Health Behavior, 35(6), 746-755.
Nasim, A., Blank, M.D., Cobb, C.O., & Eissenberg, T. (2012). Patterns of alternative tobacco
use among adolescent cigarette smokers. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 124, 26-33.
Nasim, A., Khader, Y.S., Blank, M.D., Cobb, C.O., & Eissenberg, T. (2012). Trends in
alternative tobacco use among light, moderate, and heavy smokers in adolescence,
1999-2009. Addictive Behaviors, 37, 866-870.
Nasim, A., Blank, M.D., Berry, B.M., & Eissenberg, T. (2012). Cigar use misreporting among
youth: Data from the 2009 Youth Tobacco Survey, Virginia. Preventing Chronic
Disease: Public Health Research, Practice, and Policy, 9, 1-12.
Nasim, A., Berry, B.M., Belgrave, F.Z., Corona, R.A., & Turf, E.A. (2011). Ethnic
considerations in risk exposure and cigarette use vulnerability among eighth grade
students in Virginia. International Quarterly of Community Health Education, 31, 229244.
Nasim, A., Fernander, A.F., Townsend, T.G., Corona, R.A., Belgrave, F.Z. (2011).
Cultural protective factors for community risks and substance use among rural
adolescents. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse, 10, 316-326.
Noonan, D., Kulbok, P., Yan, G. (2011). Intention to Smoke Tobacco Using Waterpipe among
Students in a Southeastern U.S. College. Public Health Nursing, 28 (6), 494–502.
O’Laughlen, M.C., Rance, K., Rovnyak,V., Hollen, P.J., & Cabana, M.D. (epublished ahead-ofprint September 12, 2011). National Asthma Education Prevention Program (NAEPP):
Survey of nurse practitioners’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Journal of Pediatric
Health Care. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0891524511002306
Ondersma, S. J., Svikis, D. S., Lam, P. K., Connors-Burge, V. S., Ledgerwood, D. M., &
Hopper, J. A. (2012). A randomized trial of computer-delivered brief intervention and
low-intensity contingency management for smoking during pregnancy. Nicotine &
Tobacco Research: Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and
Tobacco, 14(3), 351-360.
Primack, B. A., Shensa, A., Kim, K. H., Carroll, M. V., Hoban, M. T., Leino, E. V., et al. (2012).
Waterpipe smoking among U.S. university students. Nicotine & Tobacco Research:
Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, [EPub ahead of
print].
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Shihadeh, A., Salman, R., Jaroudi, E., Saliba, N., Sepetdjian, E., Blank, M. D., Cobb, C.O.,
Eissenberg, T. (2012). Does switching to a tobacco-free waterpipe product reduce
toxicant intake? A crossover study comparing CO, NO, PAH, volatile aldehydes, "tar"
and nicotine yields. Food and Chemical Toxicology: An International Journal Published
for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 50(5), 1494-1498.
Shihadeh, A. L., & Eissenberg, T. E. (2011). Significance of smoking machine toxicant yields to
blood-level exposure in water pipe tobacco smokers. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers
& Prevention: A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research,
Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 20(11), 2457-2460.
Smith, M.A., & Lynch, W.J. (2011). Exercise as a potential treatment for drug abuse:
evidence from preclinical studies. Frontiers in Addictive Disorders, 2:82.
Vansickel, A. R., & Eissenberg, T. (2012). Electronic cigarettes: Effective nicotine
delivery after acute administration. Nicotine & Tobacco Research: Official
Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, [EPub ahead of print].
Vansickel, A. R., Shihadeh, A., & Eissenberg, T. (2012). Waterpipe tobacco products:
Nicotine labelling versus nicotine delivery. Tobacco Control, 21(3), 377-379.
Vansickel, A. R., Weaver, M. F., & Eissenberg, T. (2012). Clinical laboratory assessment of the
abuse liability of an electronic cigarette. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 107(8), 14931500.
Manuscripts Submitted/In Press
Anderson S.M. & Brunzell, D. H. (Submitted) Inactivation of beta2 subunit containing nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors promotes anxiolysis-like behavior in mice. PLos ONE.
Breland, A.B., Nasim, A., Irons, J.G., Koch, J.R. (Submitted). Tobacco use among AfricanAmerican adolescents receiving behavioral health services. Journal of Behavioral Health
and Services Research.
Brunzell, D.H. (In Press). Activation of Alpha6 subunit containing nicotinic acetylcholine
receptors supports nicotine addiction behavior, Themed Basic Science Issue, Nicotine
and Tobacco Research, Ebup 2012 Apr 6.
Chen, Y., Kaestle, C.E., Estabrooks, P., & Zoellner, J. (Revised and Resubmitted). The story
they are not telling: A focus group analysis of children’s acquisition of tobacco media
literacy skills. Journal of Children and Media.
Chen, Y., & Austin, E. W. (In Press). The role of parental mediation in the development of
medialiteracy and the prevention of substance use among emerging adults. In E. Scharrer
(Ed.), International companions to media studies: Media effects/media psychology.
Hoboken, NJ: Wiley- Blackwell.
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Cobb, C.O., Khader, Y.S., Nasim, A., & Eissenberg, T. (In Press). A multi-year survey of
waterpipe and cigarette smoking on a U.S. university campus. Journal of American
College Health.
Dharker, N.S., L.L. Locklear, R.T. Hallenberg, & K.J. Fryxell (Submitted). A single nicotine
injection produces adolescent-specific changes in dopamine receptor gene expression that
correlate with nicotine preference.
Evans, S.W., Koch, R., Brady, C., Meszaros, P. & Sadler, J. (In Press). Community and school
mental health professionals' knowledge and use of evidence based substance use
prevention programs. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health
Services Research.
Hollen, P.J., Tyc, V., Donnangelo, S.M., Shannon, S., O’Laughlen, M., Hinton, I., Smolkin, M.
& Petroni, G. (Under Review). Substance Use Decision Aid for Medically-at-Risk
Adolescents: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial for Cancer-Surviving
Adolescents.
Hollen, P.J., Tyc, V., Shannon, S., Donnangelo, S.F., Hobbie, W., Hudson, M., Smolkin, M., &
Petroni, G. (Under Review). Factors related to decision making and substance use
in adolescent survivors of childhood cancer.
Kaestle, C.E., Chen, Y., Estabrooks, P., Zoellner, & J., Bigby, B. (Revised and Resubmitted).
Evaluation of Media Literacy for Tobacco Prevention among Youth. American Journal
of Health Promotion.
Kennedy, M.G., Wilson-Genderson M, Sepulveda, A.L., Garland, S, Wilson, D, Singleton, R, &
Dubuque, S. (Under Review). Spikes in calls to a smoking Quitline: Results of the One
Tiny Reason to Quit campaign for pregnant African-American women in urban and rural
settings.
Kienzle, J., Keyser-Marcus, L., Meloy, L., Svikis, D. (Submitted). Predictors of smoking
initiation in African American adolescents. Health Education and Behavior.
Kum-Nji,P., Meloy, L., Keyser-Marcus, L. (In Press). Environmental tobacco smoke: Screening,
documentation, and impact on use of health services in an inner-city resident pediatric
group practice. Academic Medicine.
Lynch, W.J., Peterson, A.B., Sanchez, V., Smith, M.A. (Submitted). Exercise as a novel
treatment for drug addiction: a neurobiological rationale. Neuroscience Biobehavioral
Reviews.
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Masho, S.W., Bishop, D.L., Keyser-Marcus, L., Varner, S.B., White, S., & Svikis, D.
(Submitted). Smoking during pregnancy: Criminal history and receipt of social services
as correlates. Child and Maternal Health.
Mason, M.J., Keyser-Marcus, L., Snipes, D.J., Benotsch, E.G., & Sood, B. (Submitted).
Needing but not receiving mental health treatment: Substance use correlates for young
adults. Psychiatric Services.
Nasim, A., Blank, M.D., Cobb, C.O., & Eissenberg, T. (In Press). A multiple indicators and
multiple causes model of alternative tobacco use. American Journal of Health Behavior.
Noonan, D., Kulbok, P., Yan, G. (In Press). Beliefs and Norms Associated with Smoking
Tobacco Using a Waterpipe among College Students. Journal of Addictions
Nursing. DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1446.2011.00945.x
Sarna, L., Bialous, S., Chan, S.C., Hollen, P., & O’Connell, K.A. (In press). Making a
Difference: Nursing Scholarship and Leadership in Tobacco Control. Nursing
Outlook.
Smith, L.N., Bachus, S.E., McDonald, C.G., Smith, R.F. (Submitted). Role of the D3 dopamine
receptor in behavioral sensitization to nicotine: an evaluation in adolescent and adult rats.
Neuropsychopharmacology.
Smith, M.A., and Lynch, W.J. (In Press). Preclinical models of exercise and drug-seeking
Behavior. In Handbook on Exercise for Psychiatric Treatment. M. Ussher.
Wheeler, T., Smith, L.N., Bachus, S.E., McDonald, C., Smith, R.F. (Submitted). Low-dose
adolescent nicotine and methylphenidate have additive effects on adult behavior and
neurochemistry. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, & Behavior.
Conference Presentations
VYTP investigators had a significant presence at national conferences and professional
meetings where they presented their research on youth tobacco use. During FY 2012, they made
at least 35 oral and poster presentations.
Anderson, S.M. and Brunzell, D.H. (April 2012). Inactivation of high affinity nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors promotes anxiolytic-like behaviour in mice. The Future of
Tobacco Control: Implications for the Prevention of Youth Tobacco Use in Virginia,
Richmond, VA.
Anderson, SM & Brunzell, DH. (November 2011). Inactivation of high affinity nicotinic
acetylcholine receptors promotes anxiolytic-like behaviour in mice. Anxiety and
Depression: 21st Annual Neuropsychopharmacology Meeting. Satellite to Society
for Neuroscience, Washington D.C., USA.
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Augustin, D., Woodridge, T., & Corona, R. (April, 2012). Talking about tobacco: what do
maternal caregivers and their daughters say? Poster presented at the Virginia Youth
Tobacco Project conference, Richmond, VA.
Chen, Y., Kaestle, C.E., Estabrooks, P., & Zoellner, J. (May 2012). Acquisition of anti-smoking
media literacy skills: A focus group analysis. Paper presented at the International
Communication Association Conference, Phoenix, Arizona.
Cobb, C.O., Posner, B., Nasim, A. (April 2012). Secondhand smoke exposure and current
tobacco use among adolescents. Research poster presented at the 2012 Virginia Youth
Tobacco Projects Triennial Conference, Richmond, VA.
Corona, R., Quillin, J., Rodríguez, V., & Bodurtha, J. (March, 2012). Family health history
communication and cancer worry in families of Latino young adults. Poster presented at
the biennial meeting of the Society for Research on Adolescence, Vancouver, BC.
De Jesus, A, Anderson, SM, & Brunzell, DH. (2012). Contribution of β2 subunit containing
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to anxiety-like behaviors in male mice using a novel
model of anxiety. American Society for Experimentation in Pharmacology and
Therapeutics, San Diego, CA, USA.
De Jesus, A, Anderson, SM, & Brunzell, DH. (2011). Contribution of β2 subunit containing
nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to anxiety-like behaviors in male mice using a novel
model of anxiety. Annual Biomedical Research Conference for Minority Students. St.
Louis, MO.
Dubuque, S. & Kennedy, M.G. (September 2011). Mind over marketing: The art and science of
behavior change. Presentation to the Society for Healthcare Strategy & Market
Development, Phoenix, AZ.
Ehlinger, D.G., McDonald, C.G., Bergstrom, H.C., Smith, R.F. (November 2011).
Continuous nicotine exposure produces structural modifications of dendrite morphology
in the rostral agranular insular cortex. Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience,
Washington, DC.
Falco, A.M., McDonlad, C.G., Blanchard, C.J., Bachus, S.E., Smit, R.F. (November 2011).
Individual age-related differences in nicotine-stimulated locomotion and striatal
enkephalin expression. Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Washington,
DC.
Fernandex, G.M., McDonald, C.G., Smith, R.F. (November 2011). Can individual differences in
learning predict the strength of one-trial nicotine conditioned place preference in
adolescent rodents? Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC.
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Fryxell, K.J., Locklear, L.L., & Pourkazemi, Y. (November 2011). CD81 affects spontaneous
and nicotine-stimulated signaling and gene regulation in the mouse brain. Society for
Neuroscience Abstract. 686.01. Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience,
Washington, DC.
Hollen, Patricia. (June 2012). Factors Related to Decision Making and Substance Use in
Adolescent Survivors of Childhood Cancer. MASCC/ISOO International Symposium on
Supportive Care in Cancer, New York City, NY. [Invited Speaker].
Hollen, P.J., Tyc, V., Shannon, S., Donnangelo, S.F., Hinton, I., O’Laughlen, M., Smolkin, M.,
& Petroni, G. (April 2012). Factors Related to Decision Making and Substance Use in
Adolescent Survivors of Childhood Cancer. 33rd Annual Meeting & Scientific Sessions
of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, New Orleans, LA.
Kaestle, C. E. (April 2011). Advertising and counter advertising: The new battleground. Invited
Moderator/Discussant at The Virginia Forum on Youth Tobacco Research: The Future of
Tobacco Control, Richmond, Virginia.
Karsner, S., Taylor, K.A., Brown, K.C., Smith, R.F. (November 2011). Prenatal stress alters
single-trial conditioned place preference in adolescent rats. Annual Meeting of the
Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC.
Kennedy, M.G., Wilson-Genderson, M., Sepulveda, A. & Garland, S. (August, 2012). One Tiny
Reason to Quit: Pregnant African American quitline user promotion. Poster to be
presented to the 7th National Conference on Tobacco or Health, Kansas City, MO.
Kennedy, M.G. & Singleton, R. (March 2012). One Tiny Reason to Quit: A campaign to
promote calls to 1-800-QUITNOW for smoking cessation counseling. Presentation to the
13th annual conference of the National Healthy Start Association. Washington, DC.
Kulbok, P., Thatcher, E., & Park, E. (June 2012). Community-Based Participatory Health
Promotion and Prevention: An Advanced Public Health Nursing Role. Paper presented at
ACHNE Annual Institute, Portland, OR.
Kulbok, P. A., Thatcher, E., Park, E., & Botchwey, N. (February 2012). Using qualitative Data
with GIS and CBPR to Develop a Youth Substance Use Prevention Program in a Rural
County. Poster presented at SNRS, New Orleans, LA.
Kulbok, P., Meszaros, P., Botchwey, N., & Hinton, I. (2011). Factors influencing rural
tobacco-free male adolescents. Poster presented at the Presidential Inauguration
Research Poster Competition at UVA, Charlottesville, VA.
Kulbok, P., Meszaros, P., Botchwey, N., Hinton, I., & Noonan, D. (October 2011). Factors
influencing rural tobacco-free male adolescents. Podium presentation at the Rural Health
Nursing Meeting in Binghamton, NY.
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Nasim, A. (April 2012). What are the characteristics of youth tobacco users in Virginia?
Opening address (Day 2) at the 2012 Virginia Youth Tobacco Projects Triennial
Conference (The Future of Tobacco Control: Implications for Youth Tobacco
Prevention in Virginia), Richmond, VA.
Nasim, A., Cobb, C.O., Blank, M.D., Mitchiner, L.M., & Eissenberg, T. (March 2012). The
tobacco-related attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of adolescent former smokers in
Virginia. Paper presented at the Virginia Social Science Association’s 2012 Annual
Conference, Norfolk, VA.
Nasim, A., Blank, M.D., & Eissenberg, T. (March 2012). Alternative tobacco product use and
asthma incidence and severity in adolescence. Research poster presented at the 18th
annual meeting of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, Houston, TX,
USA.
Nasim, A. (October 2011). Cigarette smoking experiences and alternative tobacco use in
adolescence. Presentation at the 2011 Virginia Youth Tobacco Project Conference,
Richmond, VA.
O’Laughlen, M., & Hollen, P. (Spetember 2011). A Decision Aid to Reduce Substance Use
Behaviors in Medically At-Risk Adolescents: Targeting Asthma in the Richmond Area.
Presented to the Virginia Asthma Coalition Meeting, Glen Allen, VA.
Pomfrey, R.L., Smith, R.F. (November 2011). Chronic adolescent nicotine exposure alters adult
radial arm maze performance. Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience,
Washington, DC.
Sanchez, V., Brunzell, D.H., and Lynch W. (April 2012). Voluntary exercise decreases nicotine
seeking in adolescent rats. The Future of Tobacco Control: Implications for the
Prevention of Youth Tobacco Use in Virginia, Richmond, VA, USA
Sanchez, V, Brunzell, DH, & Lynch, W. (2011). Exercise as an intervention for adolescent-onset
nicotine self-administration in rats. Society for Neuroscience, Washington D.C., USA.
Sears, E., McDonald, C.G., Smith, R.F. (November 2011). Differential effects of social stress
and physical stress during adolescence on long-term behavioral responses to nicotine.
Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, Washington, DC.
Sepulveda, A., Kennedy, M., Wilson-Genderson, M., and Garland, S. (April 2012). One Tiny
Reason to Quit: Final update for a prenatal smoking cessation campaign. Poster presented
at the 8th Annual Women’s Health Research Day, Virginia Commonwealth University,
Richmond, VA.
Shaffer, C., Corona, R., & Reid-Quinones, K. (April, 2011). Talking about tobacco & alcohol
health risks in families of Latino young adults. Poster presented at the 32nd Annual
Meeting & Scientific Sessions of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, Washington, DC.
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Yoder, L.A.G. & Kulbok, P.A. (February 2012). Substance-free Youth: A Systematic
Literature Review. Poster presented at SNRS, New Orleans, LA.
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Attachment A
VYTP Annual Meeting Agendas
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VYTP Research Coalition Meeting
March 24 & 25, 2010
Agenda
Day 1, March 24
9:30 – 10:00
Coffee, tea, and pastries
10:00 – 10:30
Welcome and Introductions
10:30 – 11:00
VFHY Update—Marge White
11:00 – 12:00
Presentations of Large Grant Awards (20 minutes each)
Adolescent Nicotine: From the First Experience to Neural Remodeling,
Robert Smith (GMU)
Exercise as a Prevention and Intervention Strategy for Nicotine Use in
Adolescents, Darlene Brunzell (VCU)
A Decision Aid to Reduce Substance Use Behaviors in Medically at-risk
Adolescents: Targeting Persistent Asthma, Mary O’Laughlen and Patricia
Hollen (UVA)
12:00 – 1:15
Lunch and Informal Networking
1:15 – 2:15
Presentations of Large Grant Awards (20 minutes each)
Tobacco Use Prevention and Health Promotion in Virginia Schools:
Translating Research into an Evidence-Based Model Curriculum, Earl
Dowdy (VCU)
Partnering with Rural Youth and Parents to Design and Test a Tobacco,
Alcohol and Drug Use Prevention Program Model, Pamela Kulbok (UVA)
Tobacco Use among Youth Receiving Public Behavioral Healthcare
Services, J. Randy Koch (VCU)
2:15 – 2:45
Cessation Report—Alison Breland
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2:45 – 3:00
Break
3:00 – 4:30
A View from the Front Lines: A Panel Presentation by VFHY-Funded
Program Directors
Brandi Jancaitis, MPH and Charlene Edwards, MSW
Prevention Specialist/Director of Prevention
Richmond Behavioral Health Authority
Debbie McGaughey
Unit Director
Boys & Girls Clubs of Southeast Virginia
Ellen Jones, MS
Global Wellness Solutions
Day 2, March 25
8:30 – 9:00
Coffee, tea, and pastries
9:00 – 10:30
The Development and Evaluation of Social Marketing Campaigns for
Youth Tobacco Use, Jeff Jordan, President & Founder, Rescue Social
Change Group
10:30 – 10:45
Break
10:45 – 12:15
Presentation of Small Grant Awards (15 minutes each)
Early Nicotine Exposure and Vulnerability to Drug Abuse, Imad Damaj
(VCU)
Which Signaling Pathway(s) Drive Nicotine Preference in Adolescent
C57BL/6J Mice? Karl Fryxell (GMU)
Media Literacy Tobacco Prevention for Youth in Virginia: A Randomized
Impact Assessment Pilot Study, Christine Kaestle & Yvonnes Chen (VT)
Clearing the Air: Computerized Screening and Brief Intervention for Teen
Smoking, Lori Keyser-Marcus (VCU)
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An Electrophysiological Study of Neurocognitive Functioning in
Adolescent Smokers, Craig McDonald (GMU)
Cigarillos, Youth, & Youtube: A Content Analysis of Smoking
Videographies, Aashir Nasim (VCU)
12:15 – 1:30
Lunch & Open Discussion--Announcements and Future Directions
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VYTP Research Coalition Meeting
March 9 & 10, 2011
Agenda
Day 1, March 9
9:30 – 10:00
Coffee, tea, and pastries
10:00 – 10:30
Welcome and Introductions
10:30 – 11:00
VFHY Update—Marge White
11:00 – 12:15
Presentations of Large Grant Awards (20 minutes each)
Partnering with Rural Youth and Parents to Design and Test a Tobacco,
Alcohol and Drug Use Prevention Program Model, Peggy Meszaros (VT)
and Pamela Kulbok (UVA)
Tobacco Use among Youth Receiving Public Behavioral Healthcare
Services, J. Randy Koch (VCU)
Tobacco Use Prevention and Health Promotion in Virginia Schools:
Translating Research into an Evidence-Based Model Curriculum, Earl
Dowdy (VCU)
Cigarillos, Youth, & Youtube: A Content Analysis of Smoking
Videographies, Aashir Nasim (VCU)
12:15 – 1:15
Lunch and Informal Networking
1:15 – 2:15
Presentations of Large Grant Awards (20 minutes each)
Exercise as a Prevention and Intervention Strategy for Nicotine Use in
Adolescents, Darlene Brunzell (VCU)
A Decision Aid to Reduce Substance Use Behaviors in Medically at-risk
Adolescents: Targeting Persistent Asthma, Mary O’Laughlen and Patricia
Hollen (UVA)
Adolescent Nicotine: From the First Experience to Neural Remodeling,
Robert Smith (GMU)
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2:15 – 2:45
Alternative Tobacco Products Report—Tom Eissenberg and Bob Balster
2:45 – 3:00
Break
3:00 – 4:00
Announcements and Discussion of Future Directions
4:00 – 5:00
Student/Postdoc Brief Presentations (5 minutes each)
Tracking waterpipe tobacco smoking prevalence on a college campus.
Caroline Cobb, VCU.
Characteristics of the electronic cigarette. Andrea R. Vansickel, VCU
Realities of Community Collaboration in Participatory Research to
Design a Youth Substance Use Prevention Program. A. Kate Clark BSN,
UVA
Community Participatory Research Team (CPRT) Evaluation of
Prevention Programs, Monica Kimbrell. Virginia Tech
Integration of GIS in Community Participatory Research to Design a
Youth Substance Use Prevention Program. Esther Thatcher, UVA
The impact of adolescent nicotine exposure on drug dependence in
adulthood. Mai Alajaji, VCU
5:00 – 6:30
Reception
Day 2, March 10
8:30 – 9:00
Coffee, tea, and pastries
9:00 – 10:30
Workshop: FDA Regulation of Tobacco: Implications for Youth Tobacco
Research (Workshop leader: Bob Balster)
10:30 – 10:45
Break
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10:45 – 12:30
Presentation of Small Grant Awards (13 minutes each)
Early Nicotine Exposure and Vulnerability to Drug Abuse, Imad Damaj
(VCU)
Which Signaling Pathway(s) Drive Nicotine Preference in Adolescent
C57BL/6J Mice? Karl Fryxell (GMU)
Media Literacy Tobacco Prevention for Youth in Virginia: A Randomized
Impact Assessment Pilot Study, Christine Kaestle & Yvonnes Chen (VT)
Clearing the Air: Computerized Screening and Brief Intervention for Teen
Smoking, Lori Keyser-Marcus (VCU)
An Electrophysiological Study of Neurocognitive Functioning in
Adolescent Smokers, Craig McDonald (GMU)
Cigarillos, Youth, & Youtube: A Content Analysis of Smoking
Videographies, Aashir Nasim (VCU)
Trends in Cigarette and Water Pipe Use among Young Arab Americans in
the Richmond Metropolitan Area, Linda Haddad (VCU)
Teaching about Tobacco at Medical Schools in Virginia, Alan Dow (VCU)
12:30 – 1:45
Lunch & Discussion about Future Directions
2:00 – 3:30
Post Meeting Roundtable on Recruiting Participants for CommunityBased Tobacco Research
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VYTP Research Coalition Meeting
November 29, 2011
Agenda
8:30 – 9:00
Coffee, tea, and pastries
9:00 – 9:15
Welcome and Introductions
9:15 – 10:00
VFHY Report—Lisa Brown
--VFHY Update
--Request for Proposals: Current Status and Guidance to Applicants
10:00 – 10:15
Break
10:15 – 11:45
What’s New on the Genetics of Tobacco Use and Nicotine Addiction, and
Adding a Genetics Component to Your Research.
Dr. Ken Kendler, VCU 10:15 to 11:00 am
Dr. Sam Chen, VCU 11:00 to 11:45 am
11:45 – 12:45
Lunch
12:45 – 1:15
Report on the Summary and Integration of VFHY Research—Alison
Breland
1:15 – 2:00
Discussion: The Future of the VYTP Research Coalition—Randy Koch
--Turning Recommendations into Actions
--What Can the VYTP Do to Support Youth Tobacco Research in
Virginia?
2:00 – 2:15
Triennial VYTP Research Conference Update—Aashir Nasim
2:15 – 2:30
Break
2:30 – 3:30
Late Breaking Results Data Blitz—Alison Breland
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Attachment B
The Future of Tobacco Control: Implications
for the Prevention of Youth Tobacco Use in Virginia
Time
Day 1 – April 3
9:00 - 10:30 AM Registration – Light refreshments
10:30 – 11:00
AM
Welcome
J. Randy Koch, Virginia Commonwealth University
William A. Hazel Jr., MD, Secretary of Health and Human Resources for Virginia
11:00 – 12:00
PM
Keynote Address
Speaker – David Ashley, Science Director, Center for Tobacco Products, FDA
Moderator – Mary O'Laughlen, University of Virginia
12:00 – 1:30 PM
Lunch
Marina Kharitonova, Virginia Commonwealth University
Virginia Youth Tobacco Survey Student Award Presentation
1:30 – 3:00 PM
Plenary Panel Presentation #1 – What Else Do We Know About Nicotine?
Moderator – Robert Smith, George Mason University
Panelist – Paul Gardner, University of Massachusetts Medical School
Panelist – Matt Palmatier, Kansas State University
3:00 – 3:15 PM
Break
3:15 – 4:45 PM
Plenary Panel Presentation #2 – Advertising and Counter Advertising: The New
Battleground
Moderator – Christine Kaestle, Virginia Tech
Panelist – Amanda Richardson, Legacy
Panelist – James Thrasher, University of South Carolina
5:00 – 6:30 PM
Reception and Poster Session with heavy hors d’oeuvres
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Day 2 – April 4
7:30 – 8:30 AM
Registration – Light refreshments
8:30 – 8:45 AM
Welcome
Aashir Nasim, Virginia Commonwealth University
Kevin Cooper, MD, Virginia Commonwealth University & Virginia Foundation for
Healthy Youth
8:45 – 10:00 AM
Plenary Panel Presentation #3 – Exercise and Tobacco: Implications from Human and
Animal Studies
Moderator – Darlene Brunzell, Virginia Commonwealth University
Panelist – Wendy Lynch, University of Virginia
Panelist – Kate Janse van Rensburg, University of South Florida
10:00 – 10:15
AM
Break
10:15 – 11:45
AM
Plenary Panel Presentation #4 – New Tobacco Products: Friend or Foe?
Moderator – Thomas Eissenberg, Virginia Commonwealth University
Panelist – Dorothy Hatsukami, University of Minnesota
Panelist – David Levy, Georgetown University
11:45 – 1:00 PM
Lunch
“Meltdown: Dissolvable Product Survey Findings from Virginia.” Presented by Y
Street: the VFHY’s award-winning teen volunteer initiative - Danny Saggese, Judy Hou,
Blayne Allen
1:00 – 2:30 PM
Plenary Panel Presentation #5 – New Opportunities for the Prevention of Youth
Tobacco
Moderator – Peggy Meszaros, Virginia Tech
Panelist – Steven Sussman, University of Southern California
Panelist – Karen Calabro, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
2:30 – 2:45 PM
Break
2:45 – 3:30 PM
Keynote Address
Speaker – David Drobes, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida
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Moderator – Pamela Kulbok, University of Virginia
3:30 – 4:00 PM
Closing Remarks
Marge White, Virginia Foundation for Healthy Youth
64