Name _____________________________________________________________Date_______________Per.____
Benchmark 2 Study Guide
The Mole
1. Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds
CaCO3
NaF
C6H12O6
2. Determine the number of moles in the following
43.3 g CaCO3
56.6 g NaF
27.8 g C6H12O6
3. Determine the number of atoms in the following using the values calculated in #2.
CaCO3
NaF
C6H12O6
Stoichiometry
1. Balance the following equation. Use the equation to complete the following
calculations.
____CaCO3 + _____HCl  _____CaCl2 + _____H2O + _____CO2
2. Calculate the number of grams of H2O produced from 4.3 grams of HCl.
3. Calculate the number of grams of CaCl2 produced from 16.2 grams of CaCO3.
States of Matter
1. What is diffusion?
2. Explain why if you make popcorn in the kitchen you can eventually smell it
throughout the house.
3. Why would two gases easily diffuse into one another? (like perfume into the
air in a room )
4. Explain what happens when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid in
terms of temperature, energy and state.
5. Define the characteristics of a
a. Solid
b. Liquid
c. Gas
6. Define Melting point of a crystalline solid.
7. What are the forces that influence the melting point of a solid?
8. If the substance has higher melting point, what does that say about the
bonding and forces holding that substance together?
Lower?
6. Define pressure:
7. Explain what is happening at the molecular level when pressure increases.
8. If the gas is heated, describe what happens to pressure and the motion of the
molecules?
9. Find the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in a gas mixture with a total
pressure of 30.4 kPa if the partial pressure of the other two gases in the
mixture are 16.5 kPa and 3.7 kPa.
10. A hot air balloon is able to rise due to the lower density of the gas inside the
balloon due to heated air (gas). If the balloon wanted to lower back to the
ground, what would have to happen to the air in the balloon?
11. If the hot air balloon is descending, what is happening to the molecules in the
balloon in terms of #of collisions and kinetic energy?
Gases
1. What is absolute zero? What happens here?
2. Explain the movement of gas particles using the Kinetic Molecular Theory.
3. What are the standard temperature and pressure for gas?
4. A SCUBA diver experiences a pressure of 2atm. The diver’s lungs inflate to
1.5L underwater. He holds his breath as he returns to the surface at 1atm.
What would the volume of his lungs expand to at the surface?
5. A sample of gas occupies 200 mL at STP. What is the temperature of the gas if
the gas expands to 1200ml at 0.25atm?
6. How would you convert 1340K to degrees C? What is it?
7. What is 37 degrees Celsius in Kelvin?
8. A gas piston holds 44.8L of gas at 4atm and 0 degrees Celsius. If the piston
expands to 89.2L what is the final pressure assuming a temperature increase
to 273 degrees Celsius?
9. What is the pressure produced by 2.0 mol of O2 in a 22.4 L container at 273
K? (use R = 0.08206 L*atm/mol*K)
Solutions
1. Explain the difference between a solute and a solvent. Give an example.
2. If 12 mL of dish soap is diluted with water to a total volume of 98mL. What is
the percent of dish soap by volume of the solution?
3. A KoolAid solution contains 56.3 g of sugar (C12H22O11) in a 1.5 L solution.
The molar concentration of the solution would be _____________M
4. 45 milligrams of food coloring was detected in the 1.5 L solution. What is the
concentration of the food coloring in parts per million? (ppm)
5. How do you calculate ppm?