Honors Bio
Spring Final Study Guide
KMZ
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
1. Scientific Method & Experimental Design & conversions (prep for chemistry)
Sample size
Controls
Reading graphs
 Variables
CHEMISTRY & BIOCHEMISTRY
2. Chemistry Basics
 Important Elements?! CHONPS!!!
 Order of items from atoms to
organisms? Non-living vs. living?
 Inorganic vs. organic? Differences?
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Bonds: Hydrogen, Ionic, covalent? Where
found? Significance of valence electrons?
Water!?! Why important?
o Bonds between & within H2O molecules?
3. Organic Molecules: Monomers (building blocks)? Polymers? Examples? Functions in cells?
Elements? Structure? Importance?
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Nucleotides.
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 Carbohydrates.
Proteins.
4. Cellular Respiration & Photosynthesis
 Where do they occur? What is
required?
 Why important?
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Lipids.
What factors affect these processes?
Relationship between the reactions?
CELLS AND DIFFERENTIATION
5. Types of Cells: Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes, Plants vs. Animals
6. Cell Membranes!
 Structure? Draw a membrane?
 Transport: Active vs. passive. ATP?
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Diffusion vs. Osmosis
Selectively permeable!
7. Differential Gene Expression & Central Dogma & DNA
 How does a zygote become something
 What is differential gene expression?
much, much more complicated?
Cell Specialization?
 Structure of DNA. Be able to draw.
 Replication: where does this happen?
 Transcription: where does this happen? Components involved?
 Translation: where does this happen? Components involved?
 What is a gene?
CELL DIVISION & GENETICS
8. Mitosis & Meiosis & the Cell Cycle
 Diploid vs. haploid. Somatic vs. sex cell.
 Importance? Stages? What happens?
When?
 Variation & Meiosis. Why important?
 Compared to Prokaryotic cell division
 Sexual vs. asexual reproduction:
advantages & disadvantages to each?
Honors Biology
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Spring Final Study Guide
Nondisjunction & karyotype
Homologous Chromosomes
Autosomes vs. Sex chromosomes
Mutations & cancer:
o Mutations: good, bad, no effect?
o Mutations: caused by?
o What is cancer?
KMZ
Biology 250
Study Guide Fall Final
9. Mendel & Genetics
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Alleles
Genotype vs. Phenotype
Heterozygote vs. Homozygote
Punnet squares
Monohybrid & dihybrid crosses
Traits & probability
Pedigrees (know how to read/create)
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Kerry Zimmerman
Test cross
Sex linked genes?
Incomplete vs. Co-dominance
Mendel: Pea Plants! Why?
o Law of independent
assortment
o Law of segregation
10. EVOLUTION
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Why is variation in a population SO important?
The points of Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection?
Terms: Speciation & Species. Lamarck vs. Darwin
Relationship between traits and genes and DNA
Analogous vs. Homologous vs. Vestigial characteristics
Mechanisms for changing the frequency of alleles in populations? Remember natural
selection, genetic drift, migration, mutation, and sexual selection????
Do individuals or populations evolve?
How do scientists think that eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes?
A theory to explain the evolution of life as we know it? Where did all these organic
molecules come from?
15. OTHER: Characteristics of Living Things!!!
Resources:
 www.johnkyrk.com
 http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/Bi
ologyPages/
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Your Textbook!!!!!
The interweb
My teacher page at the Metro HS
site