Практичні заняття
2 Курс
Змістовий Модуль 5: Подорожі. Митниця.
Практичне заняття №1, 2
Тема заняття: Мовний етикет. Ведення бізнесу в різних країнах
Хід заняття
1. Робота з текстом Communication Rules.
The Basic Forms of Communication
As David Glass is well aware, effective communicators have many tools at their disposal when they
want to get across a message. Whether writing or speaking, they know how to put together the words that will
convey their meaning. They reinforce their words with gestures and actions. They look you in the eye, listen
to what you have to say, and think about your feelings and needs. At the same time, they study your reactions,
picking up the nuances of your response by watching your face and body, listening to your tone of voice, and
evaluating your words. They absorb information just as efficiently as they transmit it, relying on both nonverbal and verbal cues.
Non-Verbal Communication
The most basic form of communication is non-verbal. Anthropologists theorize that long before human
beings used words to talk things over, our ancestors communicated with one another by using their bodies.
They gritted their teeth to show anger; they smiled and touched one another to indicate affection. Although we
have come a long way since those primitive times, we still use non-verbal cues to express superiority,
dependence, dislike, respect, love, and other feelings.
Non-verbal communication differs from verbal communication in fundamental ways. For one thing, it
is less structured, which makes it more difficult to study. A person cannot pick up a book on non-verbal
language and master the vocabulary of gestures, expressions, and inflections that are common in our culture.
We don't really know how people learn non-verbal behavior. No one teaches a baby to cry or smile, yet these
forms of self- expression are almost universal. Other types of non-verbal communication, such as the meaning
of colors and certain gestures, vary from culture to culture.
Non-verbal communication also differs from verbal communication in terms of intent and spontaneity.
We generally plan our words. When we say "please open the door," we have a conscious purpose. We think
about the message, if only for a moment. But when we communicate non-verbally, we sometimes do so
unconsciously. We don't mean to raise an eyebrow or blush. Those actions come naturally. Without our
consent, our emotions are written all over our faces.
Why non-verbal communication is important
Although non-verbal communication is often unplanned, it has more impact than verbal
communication. Non-verbal cues are especially important in conveying feelings; accounting for 93 percent of
the emotional meaning that is exchanged in any interaction. One advantage of non-verbal communication is
its reliability. Most people can deceive us much more easily with their words than they can with their bodies.
Words are relatively easy to control; body language, facial expressions, and vocal characteristics are not. By
paying attention to these non-verbal cues, we can detect deception or affirm a speaker's honesty. Not
surprisingly, we have more faith in non-verbal cues than we do in verbal messages. If a person says one thing
but transmits a conflicting message non-verbally, we almost invariably believe the non-verbal signal. To a
great degree, then, an individual's credibility as a communicator depends on non-verbal messages. Non-verbal
communication is important for another reason as well: It can be efficient from both the sender's and the
receiver's standpoint. You can transmit a non-verbal message without even thinking about it, and your
audience can register the meaning unconsciously. By the same token, when you have a conscious purpose,
you can often achieve it more economically with a gesture than you can with words. A wave of the hand, a pat
on the back, a wink—all are streamlined expressions of thought. Non-verbal communication plays a role in
business too. For one thing, it helps establish credibility and leadership potential. If you can learn to manage
the impression you create with your body language, facial characteristics, voice, and appearance, you can do a
great deal to communicate that you are competent, trustworthy, and dynamic. For example, Wal-Mart founder
Sam Walton has developed a homespun style that puts people at ease, thereby helping them to be more
receptive, perhaps even more open. Furthermore, if you can learn to read other people's non-verbal messages,
you will be able to interpret their underlying attitudes and intentions more accurately. When dealing with coworkers, customers, and clients, watch carefully for small signs that reveal how the conversation is going. If
you aren't having the effect you want, check your words; then, if your words are all right, try to be aware of
the non-verbal meanings you are transmitting. At the same time, stay tuned to the non-verbal signals that the
other person is sending.
Verbal Communication
Although you can express many things non-verbally, there are limits to what you can communicate without
the help of language. If you want to discuss past events, ideas, or abstractions, you need words—symbols that
stand for thoughts — arranged in meaningful patterns. In the English language, we have a 750,000, although
most of us recognize only about 20,000 of them. To create a thought with these words, we arrange them
according to the rules of grammar, putting the various parts of speech in the proper sequence. We then
transmit the message in spoken or written form, hoping that someone will hear or read what we have to say.
2. Робота з текстом Business Communication
Basics of Intercultural Business Communication
As Bill Davila knows, the first step in learning to communicate with people from other cultures is to
become aware of what culture means. Our awareness of intercultural differences is both useful and necessary
in today's world of business.
Understanding Culture
Person may not realize it, but he belongs to several cultures. The most obvious is the culture he shares
with all other people who live in the same country. But this person also belongs to other cultural groups, such
as an ethnic group, a religious group, a fraternity or sorority, or perhaps a profession that has its own special
language and customs. So what exactly is culture? It is useful to define culture as a system of shared symbols,
beliefs, attitudes, values, expectations, and norms for behavior. Thus all members of a culture have, and tend
to act on, similar assumptions about how people should think, behave, and communicate. Distinct groups that
exist within a major culture are more properly referred to as subcultures. Among groups that might be
considered subcultures are Mexican Americans in East Los Angeles, Mormons in Salt Lake City, and
longshoremen in Montreal. Subcultures without geographic boundaries can be found as well, such as
wrestling fans, Russian immigrants, and Harvard M.B.A.s. Cultures and subcultures vary in several ways that
affect intercultural communication:
• Stability. Conditions in the culture may be stable or may be changing slowly or rapidly.
•
Complexity.
Cultures
vary
in
the
accessibility
of
information.
In
North
America information is contained in explicit codes, including words, whereas in Japan a great deal of
information is conveyed implicitly, through body language, physical context, and the like.• Composition.
Some cultures are made up of many diverse and disparate subcultures; others tend to be more homogeneous. •
Acceptance. Cultures vary in their attitudes toward outsiders. Some are openly hostile or maintain a detached
aloofness. Others are friendly and co- operative toward strangers. As you can see, cultures vary widely. It's no
wonder that most of us need special training before we can become comfortable with a culture other than our
own.
Difficulties of Intercultural Business Communication
The more differences there are between the people who are communicating, the more difficult it is to
communicate effectively. The major problems in inter-cultural business communication are language barriers,
cultural differences, and ethnocentric reactions.
Language barriers Cultural differences Religion and values Roles and status, Concepts of
personal space Body language Social behavior and manners
LET'S HAVE A CHAT
Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.
1. Why is it important to understand cultural differences when you do business with people in other countries?
2. How can businessmen develop understanding doing business with people from other countries?
3. It is necessary to learn the principles of international communication and apply them globally. However, we
face cultural differences in different countries.
Ex. 2. True or False.
Cultural differences influence business strategies and operations. Understanding them is difficult to
overestimate.
Many of these cultures are complex and different from ours. To be successful in international business means
to be good citizens of international community.
We should learn to honour and respect our own cultures and to develop tolerance and respect for other
cultures.
No one can learn all there is to know about a foreign culture. But to show an interest means to create a climate
of understanding and respect. The mere willingness to accept differences is of great importance.
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
John Lennon
John Winston Ono Lennon was best known as a singer, songwriter, poet and guitarist for the British
rock band The Beatles. His creative career also included the roles of solo musician, political activist, artist,
actor and author.
As half of the legendary Lennon-McCartney songwriting team, he heavily influenced the development
of rock music.
Many of his songs such as "Imagine" and «Strawberry Fields Forever «are often ranked among the best
songs in popular music history. In 2002, the BBC conducted a vote to discover the 100 Greatest Britons of all
time, and the British public voted Lennon into 8th place.
Lennon was born in Liverpool on 9 October, 1940. Both of his parents had musical backgrounds. After
his parents' divorce Lennon lived with his aunt and her husband throughout the rest of his childhood and
adolescence.
John Lennon was accepted into the Liverpool College of Art. He didn't enjoy studying there and
ultimately dropped out. He instead devoted himself to music, inspired by American Rock 'n' Roll and singers
like Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry and Buddy Holly. Lennon started playing rock 'n' roll in a band, which was
later called The Beatles.
Lennon had a profound influence on rock and roll and in expanding the genre's boundaries during the
1960s. He is widely considered, along with songwriting partner Paul McCartney, as one of the most influential
singer-songwriter-musicians of the 20th century.
John Lennon decided to quit the Beatles in 1970. Of the four former Beatles, Lennon had perhaps the
most varied recording career.
Lennon was tragically killed in 1980 by the obsessed fan named Chapman. He fired five bullets. One
bullet missed, but four bullets entered Lennon's back and shoulder.
When asked once in the 1960s how he expected to die, Lennon's offhand answer was «I'll probably be
popped off by some loony.» Although Lennon might have meant it as a joke and did not expect it to happen, the
comment turned out to be chillingly accurate.
Questions:
1. What is John Lennon best known as?
2. What did his creative career also include?
3. What did Lennon heavily influence?
4. How are many of his songs ranked?
5. What did a vote conducted by the BBC discover?
6. Where did Lennon live after his parents' divorce?
7. Why did John Lennon drop out of the Liverpool College of Art?
8. What did he devote himself instead?
9. What was John Lennon's role in the development of music?
10. When did John Lennon decide to quit the Beatles?
11. What happened in 1980?
Vocabulary:
singer — співак
songwriter — композитор
rock band — рок-група
creative — творчий
to include — робити висновок, включати
author — автор; літератор, письменник; творець, творець
heavily — дуже великою мірою
to influence — впливати
development — розвиток, розширення, розгортання, ріст
to rank — цінувати, розцінювати, розташовувати за рангом; котируватися
vote — голосування, балотування
to discover — виявляти, розкривати, дізнаватися, знаходити
backgrounds — знання, основи
throughout — протягом
childhood — дитинство
adolescence — юність
to accept — приймати
ultimately — в решті решт
to drop out — кидати (роботу, навчання)
instead — замість; натомість
to devote — присвячувати
to inspire — надихати
profound — сильний, глибокий; непомірний, надзвичайний
to expand — розтягувати(ся), розширювати(ся); збільшувати(ся) в об'ємі, в розмірах
boundaries — межі
to consider — вважати, думати
to quit — залишати, покидати, йти, від'їжджати
obsessed — схиблений
fan — фанат; шанувальник, любитель, прихильник
to fire — стріляти
bullet — пуля
back — спина
shoulder — плече
to die — вмерти
offhand — імпровізований, зроблений спонтанно
to pop off — стріляти, палити
loony — божевільний, психічнохворий
joke — жарт
chillingly — жахливо
accurate — вірний, правильний, точний
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення вивченого матеріалу. Simple, Continuous Tenses.
Ex. 1. Complete the sentences using the following verbs:
cause(s)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
connect(s)
drink(s)
live(s)
open(s)
speak(s)
take(s)
Tanya speaks German very well.
I don't often ____________ coffee.
The swimming pool ____________ at 7.30 every morning.
Bad driving ____________ many accidents.
My parents ____________ in a very small flat.
The Olympic Games ____________ place every four years.
The Panama Canal ____________ the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.
Ex. 2.Read what Laura says about a typical working day:
I usually get up at 7 o’clock and have a big breakfast. I walk to work, which takes me about half an
hour. I start work at 8.45. I never have lunch. I finish work at 5 o’clock. I’m always tired when I get home. I
usually cook a meal in the evening. I don’t usually go out. I go to bed at about 11 o’clock, and I always sleep
well.
Yesterday was a typical working day for Laura. Write what she did or didn't do yesterday.
1. She got up at 7 o'clock.
2. She _______________ a big breakfast.
3. She _______________.
4. It _______________ to get to work.
5. _______________ at 8.45.
6. _______________ lunch.
7. _______________ at 5 o'clock.
8. _______________ tired when _______________ home.
9. _______________ a meal yesterday evening.
10. _______________ out yesterday evening.
11. _______________ at 11 o'clock.
12. _______________ well last night.
Ex. 3. Complete the sentences with I'll + a suitable verb.
1. I"m too tired to walk home. I think I'll take a taxi.
2. 'It's cold in this room.' 'Is it? ______________ on the heating then.'
3. A: We haven't got any milk.
B: Oh, I forgot to buy some. ______________ and get some now.
4. 'Shall I do the washing-up?' 'No. it's all right. ______________ it later.'
5. I don't know how to use this computer.' 'OK, ______________ you.'
6. 'Would you like tea or coffee?' '______________ coffee, please.'
7. 'Goodbye! Have a nice holiday.' 'Thanks. ______________ you a postcard.'
8. Thanks for letting me borrow your camera. ______________ it back to you on Monday, OK?
9. 'Are you coming with us?' 'No, I think ______________ here.'
Домашнє завдання:
1. Опрацювати текст за професійним спрямуванням.
2. Опрацювати граматичний матеріал, виконати запропоновані вправи.
Практичне заняття № 3
Тема заняття: Реєстрація в аеропорту ( на вокзалі, в порту). Митний контроль.
Хід заняття
1. Робота з тестом Airport formalities
When preparing to fly, passengers are requested to arrive at the airport 2 hours before departure time.
They must register their tickets, get a seat assignment, and weigh and check their luggage. Most airlines have
at least 2 classes of travel, first class and economy class. Economy class tickets are much less expensive.
Each passenger more than 2 years old gets a free luggage allowance. Generally this weight limit is 20 kg of
checked baggage for economy class passengers and 30 kg for first class passengers. If you check excess
luggage you’ll have to pay a fee calculated by the number of extra pieces and the extra weight. Every
passenger is also allowed one small carry-on bag, for instance a laptop computer or small suitcase. The rules
for passengers who are traveling abroad are similar in most countries but there are, sometimes, slight
differences. Here are some things to remember: if, for instance, you need to go through Customs, try to fill in
the customs declaration before you talk to the customs officer. He will ask every passenger the same, routine
questions about whether he is carrying anything he wants to declare: like tobacco, alcohol, presents, and sums
of money. At the check-in counter, your ticket is looked at, your things are weighed and labeled with their
destination. The next formality is filling in the immigration form and going through passport control.
Remember to have a black or blue pen with you because the immigration form has to be filled in block letters.
You write your name, nationality, permanent address and the purpose of your trip. In most countries there is
also a security check when your carry-on-luggage is inspected. This is an anti-terrorism measure, and
anything in your luggage that might be dangerous or disturbing to other passengers must be handed over to
one of the crew and will only be returned to the owner after the plane has reached its destination. After
fulfilling all these formalities you go to the departure lounge where you can have a snack, read a paper or buy
something in the duty-free shop and wait for the announcement to board the plane. When you arrive at your
destination, some of these same formalities will undoubtedly be repeated. Often while on board the plane you
will be given a customs declaration and immigration form to fill in. At the airport you may be met by a
specially trained dog whose job it is to make sure that no passengers are carrying any illegal drugs. In
addition, the immigration officer might want to inspect your visa, your invitation and even your return ticket.
There is one inconvenience you have to be prepared for when you’re traveling long distances by plane. It's a
difference between the time you are accustomed to and the time of the place you’re traveling to, especially if
it’s far from home. At first you won't feel very well because of that difference in time, - that’s called “jet lag”
- but don't worry about it, shortly you’ll be as good as new!
2.Робота з новими словами. Читання та переклад діалогів по темі.
AT THE CUSTOMS
passport control
visa
customs officer
channel
amount
receipt
duty
declaration
declare
citizenship
submit
EU - European Union
Vocabulary:
паспортний контроль
віза
митник
прохід
кількість
квитанція
податок, митний збір
митна декларація
вносити в декларацію
громадянство
підлягати
Європейський союз
Ex.1. Act the dialogs.
P a s s p o r t c o n t r o l o f f i c e r : Your passports, please.
T r a v e l l e r : Here you are.
P a s s p o r t c o n t r o l o f f i c e r : How long are you staying in America?
T r a v e l l e r : Two months. I'm here on business (on invitation).
P a s s p o r t c o n t r o l о ff і с є r: Your passport and visa are in order. Have a pleasant stay, sir.
T r a v e l l e r : Thank you.
AT THE CUSTOMS
- Hello.
- Hello.
- Could you tell me which channel to go through?
- If you've got anything to declare you go through the red channel.
- How do you know if I have things to declare?
- Are you staying in Britain for more than six months?
- No.
- The amount of goods you can bring in without duty depends on where you bought them. You can have 200
cigarettes, 1 litre of spirits, 2 litres of wine and presents worth 29 pounds, if you bought them in a duty free
shop or on the plane or in a country not in the EU.
- Oh!
- If you bought them in an EU country you can have 300 cigarettes, 1 and litres of spirits, 4 litres of wine and
presents worth a hundred and twenty pounds.
- Right. I have 1 litre of whisky and 2 litres of wine. I don't have any presents, that means I don't have
anything to declare.
- That's right. You can go through the green channel.
- I've got 100 cigarettes and a bottle of vodka. I bought it on the plane. But I bought a camera in the EU which
costs 200 pounds. It's a present for my uncle.
- You must go through the red channel.
- Thank you.
Ex. 2. Make dialogs, filling in the spaces.
AT THE PASSPORT AND HEALTH CHECK
1. Could I have your passport, please? — ..................................
2. Where are you going?- ............................................................
3. How long are you going to stay? - ..........................................
4. What's the purpose of your trip? — ........................................
5. And can I see your vaccination certificate? - ....................... ..
AT THE CUSTOMS OFFICE
1 .................................................. ? - That's right. Shall I open it?
2 ...................................................? - No, I don't think I have.
3 ................................................... - Thank you.
Ex. 3. Fill in the declaration.
Full name__________________________________________
Citizenship_________________________________________
Arriving from ______________________________________
Country of destination __________________
Purpose of visit (business, tourism, private) _______________
My luggage (including hand luggage) submitted for Customs
inspection consists of__________ pieces.
With my luggage I have:
1. Weapons of all description and ammunition (Yes) ______ (No) ________
2. Narcotics and appliances for the use there of (Yes) ______ (No) ________
3. Antiques and objects of art (paintings, drawings, icons, sculptures)
4. Currency (bank notes, letters of credit, etc.), securities (shares, bonds, etc.) in foreign currencies, precious
metals, crude and processed natural precious stones (diamonds, brilliants, rubies, emeralds, sapphires and
pearls), jewelry and other articles made of precious stones and scrap thereof, as well as property in papers:
5. Other currency, payment vouchers, valuables valid any objects belonging to other persons
I am aware that, in addition to the objects listed in the Customs Declaration, I must submit for inspection:
printed matter, manuscripts, films, sound recordings, postage stamps, graphics, plants, fruits, seeds, live
animals, birds, as well as raw foodstuffs of animal origin and slaughtered fowl.
I also declare that my luggage sent separately consists of pieces.
Ex. 4. Translate into English.
1. У вас є про що заявити у митній декларації? - Боюсь, що не цілком уявляю, про що слід заявляти.
2. Ви довго збираєтесь пробути у Великобританії? Понад 6 місяців?
- Ні, лише два місяці.
3. Вибачте, скажіть, будь ласка, це вихід на посадку на рейс 225?
- Ні, ви пішли не туди. Йдіть по коридору і в кінці його поверніть ліворуч.
4. Яка мета вашого візиту до нашої країни? - Це ділова поїздка.
5. Це ваш багаж, сер? - Так, ці дві валізи мої. Мені їх відкрити?
6. Кількість речей, яку ви можете провезти, не сплачуючи мита, залежить від того, де ви їх придбали. У мене один літр бренді та 150 цигарок.
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Music in Great Britain
Britain has rich musical traditions. Many famous composers and singers were born and performed in
Britain. Henry Purcell (1659—1695), a prominent British composer, lived in the 17th century. He was the
founder of the British Opera. His opera “King Arthur” was very popular with spectators. The main idea of this
opera was the struggle for the independence of Britain.
The great influence of Henry Purcell is seen today in the works of Benjamin Britten. B. Britten is a wellknown British composer (1913—1976). He has composed a large amount of music of all kinds, among them
operas and choral works. His music is very expressive. One of his greatest works is the opera “Peter Grimes”.
It’s an exciting story about a poor fisherman who was falsy accused and driven out of his native village.
Britain also has good traditions of folk music. There are traditional folk clubs in most towns.
Modern music is also of great popularity. The most talented and famous composers of contemporary life
are John Lennon and Paul McCartney — the founders of the legendary group “The Beatles”, whose music still
influences new generations.
The Irish Music
Ireland is strong and rich in music. The Irish people love to sing, to dance and to make music of all
kinds. The harp has always been a very important musical instrument in Ireland. In the wars between the Irish
and the English, it was like a national flag for the Irish. In the seventeenth century it became more than that.
One very famous harper was O'Carloan. He was born in Westmeath in about 1670. When O'Carloan was about
sixteen years old his eyes failed and he became blind. With the help of a kind, rich lady he learned to play the
harp. He also wrote poetry and music for the harp. People have saved a lot of his music and harpers still play
O'Carloan's beautiful songs.
When they hear the word "nocturne", people usually think of Chopin. Chopin's nocturnes are famous but
the first nocturnes came from an Irishman. He was John Field. He was a pupil in London of the great piano
player, composer and teacher Clementi. He was one of the really great pianists. We can't hear him today
because there were no record of music in his time. Ireland also has its great pop and rock musicians. A very
successful group is U2. It started in Dublin in 1979. U2 is a rock group. It knows the young people of Ireland
and the things that they feel and want. They speak for young Irish people but they are famous all over the
world. Today there are many Irish musicians. A lot of them are internationally famous, and that is wonderful
for a country with only five million people.
Ex. 1. Read and translate the text. Prepare fo ra discussion.
Граматичний матеріал: The Present Perfect Tense.
Study this example situation:
Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it.
He has lost his key.
He has lost his key = He lost it recently, and he still doesn't have it.
Have/has lost is the present perfect simple:
I/we/they/you have (= I've etc.)
he/she/it has
(= he's etc.)
finished
lost
done
been etc.
The present perfect simple is have/has + past participle. The past participle
often ends in -ed (finished/decided etc.), but many important verbs are
irregular (lost/done/written etc.).
When we say that 'something has happened', this is usually new information:
• Ow! I've cut my finger.
• The road is closed. There's been (there has been) an accident.
• (from the news) Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.
When we use the present perfect, there is a connection with now. The action
in the past has a result now:
• 'Where's your key?' 'I don't know. I've lost it.' (= I don't have it now)
• He told me his name, but I've forgotten it. (=I can't remember it now)
• 'Is Sally here?' 'No, she's gone out.' (= she is out now)
• I can't find my bag. Have you seen it? (= Do you know where it is now?)
You can use the present perfect with just, already and yet.
Just = a short time ago:
• 'Are you hungry?' 'No, I've just had lunch.'
• Hello. Have you just arrived?
We use already to say that something happened sooner than expected:
• 'Don't forget to send the letter.' 'I've already sent it.'
• 'What time is Mark leaving?' 'He's already gone."
Yet = until now. Yet shows that the speaker is expecting something to happen.
Use yet only in questions and negative sentences:
• Has it stopped raining yet?
• I've written the letter, but I haven't sent it yet.
Note the difference between gone (to) and been (to):
• Jim is on holiday. He has gone to Italy. (= he is there now or on his way there)
• Jane is back home now. She has been to Italy. (= she has now come back)
Ex. 2. Put in been or gone.
1. Jim is on holiday. He's gone to Italy.
2. Hello! I've just ___________ to the shops. I've bought lots of things.
3. Alice isn't here at the moment. She's ___________ to the shop to get a
newspaper.
4. Tom has ___________ out. He'll be back in about an hour.
5. 'Are you going to the bank?' 'No, I've already ___________ to the bank.'
Домашнє завдання:
1. Опрацювати текст за професійним спрямуванням.
2. Опрацювати граматичний матеріал, виконати запропоновані вправи.
Практичне заняття № 4
Тема заняття: Сервіс у літаку (у потязі, на судні)
Хід заняття
1. Підготовка до обговорення теми. Вивчення нових слів. Читання, переклад діалогів.
AT THE BOOKING OFFICE
-
What trains are there to Leeds?
There are two through trains at 9 a.m. and at 3.20 p.m.
How much is a one-way ticket there?
30 pounds.
And a return one?
55 pounds.
Fine. Please give me a return ticket for a 9 o'clock train.
All right. What berth would you prefer?
Upper one, please.
That's unusual. Everybody asks for the lower berth.
Of course, it is much more convenient, but there is always a lady or a child who needs a lower berth so I
prefer an upper one.
AT THE STATION
-
Here you are at last! I've been waiting for half an hour for you.
I'm sorry, I'm late. But I was stuck in a traffic jam.
Here's your ticket.
Oh, thank you. Is it a through train?
Yes. I'm glad we shan't have to change.
Fine. When is it due in Edinburgh?
According to the timetable we are due there at 9.15 a.m.
And when is it leaving, by the way?
Oh, in ten minutes. Come on or we'll miss it.
IN THE COMPARTMENT
-
Well, we are moving at last. The train doesn't seem to be very crowded.
Not as overcrowded as at the peak tourist time in summer. What berth do you prefer?
The lower one, if it is O.K. with you.
Sure. Shall I open the window? It's rather stuffy in here.
Do, please.
Ex.1. Fill in the spaces.
1. Where is the inquiry office?- ...................................................
2. Is it a fast train? - .....................................................................
3. When is the train due in Boston? - ..........................................
4. Oh, I'm afraid it is not very convenient. - ................................
5. What berth would you prefer? - ..............................................
6. Did you check our luggage? Where is the receipt? - ...............
7. We still have half an hour before the train. Shall we go to the waiting room? Ex.2. Write down the questions.
1. ......................... ? - 50 pounds.
2............................ ? - Yes, let's have our luggage registered.
3..........................?- Sorry, but there are no available compartments.
4.............................? - No, I'm going to Glasgow.
5.............................? - Yes, I have to change.
Ex.3. Answer the following questions, using given phrases.
As far as I know... I'm not sure, but ... I think...
1. What's more convenient: to travel by plane or by train?
2. Do you often travel by train?
3. Do you take a lot of luggage with you?
4. Is it difficult to get a ticket?
5. What berth do you prefer?
6. Will you agree to change your berth if you are asked to?
7. What are the duties of the guard?
8. Do you take food with you or do you like to have meals in the dining car?
9. What was your longest trip by train? Was it boring and tiresome?
10. What platform does the train for Kyiv leave from? What about Moscow?
11.Where is the nearest ticket office?
12.Have you ever had to change trains? When was it?
13.How long does the trip to Kyiv last?
14.Is it convenient to use left-luggage room? Do you use it often?
15.Do you come to the railway station beforehand or just a few minutes before the train is leaving?
16.Have you ever been late for your train?
Ex.4. Translate into English.
- Я збираюся їхати до Києва у відрядження.
- Коли?
- У понеділок.
- Є прямий поїзд. Він відходить о дев'ятій вечора.
- Чудово. А коли він прибуває до Києва?
- О восьмій ранку.
- Це мені підходить.
- Я можу замовити вам квиток.
- Дякую. Я хотів би купейне місце, нижню лаву.
- Добре. Постараюся зробити все можливе.
- Дякую. Ви мені дуже допомогли.
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Arts
One can distinguish two branches of human work: the arts and the sciences. The sciences require
knowledge, observation, identification, description, experimentation and theoretical explanation.
The arts on the contrary require skill. That means the ability to work well with a part of his or her body.
It is the combination of talent and technique. An artist is a man who can do something well with his own hands
and tools. Some time ago everything that was made with tools was «artificial», not natural. The word
«manufacture», for example, once meant «to make by hand»
Everything is a bit different nowadays. The word «art» has a special meaning. It means something
beautiful. The paintings of skilled painters are appreciated and admired by millions of people today, by those
who can see the beauty. Art comprises weaving rugs, tapestries, ceramic work. So there are a lot of types of art.
Nevertheless one can trace basic principles in art. All kinds of it require the same characteristics. The separate
parts of a work of art should be arranged in pattern. The form itself, a pleasing shape and balance are extremely
important.
Art inspires the human spirit. Painters, sculptors, musicians, writers, weavers - they all contribute to a
better life for us.
The Arts play a large role in the expression of inner thoughts and beauty in my life. From dance and
music to abstract art our concept of life is shown through the various ways in which we interpret it. We use the
Arts as a means of touching that part of us that we cannot reach with Physical Science, Social Science, or any
of the Humanities. The arts allow us to be as specific or as abstract as we please. It helps us become closer to
ourselves and to others around us. Though there has been a lot of confusion as to what the true definition of
“good art” is, how we show others what is going on in our minds and inner souls cannot be judged, graded,
criticized or revised by anyone other than ourselves.
The arts play a valued role in creating cultures and developing and documenting civilizations. The arts
teach us how to communicate through creative expression. Show us how to understand human
experiences, past and present. Prepare us to adapt to and respect the ways others think, work, and express
themselves. Music, singing, dancing, poetry, and sketching are just a few of the different forms of art that I use
to express myself in a way that I enjoy.
Because each art discipline appeals to different senses and expresses itself through different media, each
adds a special richness to the learning environment. Arts help people Learn to identify, appreciate, and
participate in the traditional and non-traditional art forms of their own communities and the communities of
others. Art teaches us how to be imaginative, creative, and reflective. Different art forms help us develop the
verbal and nonverbal abilities necessary for lifelong learning. The intellectual demands of the arts help us
develop problem-solving abilities and such powerful thinking skills as analyzing and evaluating. Numerous
studies point toward a consistent and positive comparison between concrete education in the arts and student
achievement in other subjects. A program in arts education would engage students in a process that helps them
develop the self-esteem, self-discipline, cooperation, and self-motivation necessary for success in life. Most
important, the arts should be experienced and studied for their own true value.
If art was not present in my life, I know that I would be missing so much. I would not be able to do the
things that I love to do each day. The only way to express yourself is through art, and the presence of art in the
lives of today’s society plays a big role. People listen to music every day, they dance, and sing. For many
people’s art is a way of life, and without it they would be lost. Art is the only way to express one’s true feelings.
Without art the world would be a dull and sad place. People would not be able to communicate in the same
sense that art allows them to. Art shows people’s individualism. Without art wouldn’t we all be the same?
Ex.1. Read and translate the text. Prepare for a discussion.
Граматичний матеріал: The Past Perfect Tense.
Study this example situation:
Sarah went to a party last week. Paul went to the party too, but they didn't see each other. Paul left the party at
10.30 and Sarah arrived at 11 o'clock. So:
When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul wasn't there.
He had gone home.
Had gone is the past perfect (simple):
I/we/they/you
he/she/it
had
(= I'd etc.)
(= he'd etc.)
gone
seen
finished etc.
The past perfect simple is had + past participle (gone/seen/finished etc).
Sometimes we talk about something that happened in the past:
• Sarah arrived at the party.
This is the starting point of the story. Then, if we want to talk about things that happened before this time,
we use the past perfect (had ...):
• When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already gone home.
Some more examples:
• When we got home last night, we found that somebody had broken into the flat.
• Karen didn't want to go to the cinema with us because she'd already seen the film.
• At first I thought I'd done the right thing, but I soon realised that I'd made a big mistake.
• The man sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. He hadn't flown before.
or ... He had never flown before.
Compare the past simple (left, was etc.) and the past perfect (had left, had been etc.):
• A: Was Tom there when you arrived? • A: Was Tom there when you arrived?
B: Yes, but he left soon afterwards.
• Kate at home when I phoned.
She was at her mother's house.
•
B: No, he had already left.
Kate had just got home when I phoned.
She had been at her mother's house.
Ex. 1. Read the situations and write sentences from the words in brackets.
1.You went to Sue's house, but she wasn't there.
(she / go / out) She had gone out.
2. You went back to your home town after many years. It wasn't the same as before.
(it / change /a lot) ________________________
3. I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn't come.
(she/ arrange / to do something else) ________________________
4. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late.
(the film / already / begin) ________________________
5. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time.
(I / not / see / him for five years) ________________________
6. I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn't hungry.
(she / just / have / breakfast) ________________________
Ex. 2. Put the verb into the correct form, past perfect (I had done) or past simple (I did).
1.'Was Paul at the party when you arrived?' 'No, he had gone (go) home.'
2. I felt very tired when I got home, so I ____________ (go) straight to bed.
3. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody ____________ (go) to bed.
4. Sorry I'm late. The car ____________ (break) down on my way here.
5. We were driving along the road when we ____________ (see) a car which ____________ (break) down, so
we ____________ (stop) to help.
Домашнє завдання:
1.Опрацювати текст за професійним спрямуванням.
2.Опрацювати граматичний матеріал, виконати запропоновані вправи.
Модуль самостійної роботи:
Прислівник
І. Дайте відповіді на запитання:
1. Що таке прислівник?
2. Назвіть п’ять основних груп прислівників в англійській мові, наведіть приклади.
3. Які найбільш поширені суфікси для утворення прислівників?
4. Які ступені порівняння прислівників існують в англійській мові? Дайте їм характеристику
5. Особливі випадки утворення ступенів порівняння прислівників.
ІІ. Виконайте вправи:
1. Заповніть пусті місця словами з правого стовпчика:
1. Mind, it’s ... confidential.
2. He'll have to limit his expenses....
3. It changes ..., like night and day.
4. We'll contact you ... .
5. They never took me ... .
6. This morning they quarrelled ... .
7. In the grate a log fire burned ... .
8. This chap plays the piano so ... .
9. He expresses his ideas ... .
10. They didn't think twice and came
11. I go to the theatre ....
12. Her mind on her son, she cooked ...
13. They considered the contract ... .
14. I ... get up at 8 o'clock.
15. "Can we come in?" she asked ... .
16. Always try to breathe ... .
a. brightly
b. well
c. hopefully
d. badly
e. briefly
f. automatically
g. occasionally
h. regularly
i. directly
j. seriously
k. clearly
l. immediately
m.severely
n. normally
o. strictly
p. deeply
2. Утворіть ступені порівняння наступних прислівників:
Badly, briefly, carefully, clearly, distinctly, early, effectively, efficiently, far, fast, frankly, frequently, hard,
heartily, honestly, late, little, much, often, patiently, soon, well, willingly.
3.Розкрийте дужки і оберіть правильний варіант:
1. This is a ... complex law. (high, highly) 2. He was a tall man with ... shoulders. The child yawned ... . (wide,
widely) 3. We have a very ... opinion of you. The review is ... critical, (high, highly) 4. Her books sell ... . The
gap between the poor and the rich is, very ... . (wide, widely) 5. They are ... educated people This is ... fashion,
(high, highly) 6. She opened her еуеs ... and stared. These books are ... known, (wide, widely) 7. The students
spoke ... of the teacher. He lives to very ... standards, (high, highly) 8. She loved her husband ... . They dug ...
down into the earth, (deep, deeply) 9. They are ... religious people. The river was three meters ... . (deep,
deeply) 10. We had a ... talk. They stopped ... . Ho told me ... what to do next, (short, shortly) 11. The Marathon
runner was breathing ... . We ... know each other, (hard, hardly) 12. The sun was ... above the trees. Her dress
was cut ... in front, (low, lowly).
2. Скласти діалоги з теми «Здійснення формальностей під час подорожі».
3. Статті суспільно-політичного характеру для анотування.
4. Презентація рекламного туристичного проспекту.
Література
1. English: Тексти. Підручник. Для студентів інженерних, аграрних, медичних вищих навчальних
закладів/ Укладач Є.О.Мансі. – К: Видавничий центр «Академія», 2004. – 432 с.
2. Безуглий А.В. Розповіді з історії Великобританії. – Х.: Прапор, 1999. – 40 с.
3. Бориско Н.Ф. Бизнес- курс немецкого языка. – К.: Логос, 1998. – 420 с.
4. Буданов С.І., Борисова А.О. Ділова англійська мова. 2-ге вид. – Харків: ТОРСІНГ ПЛЮС, 2006. –
128 с.
5. Бурова З.И. Учебник английского языка для гуманитарных специальностей вузов. – 4-е изд. – М.:
Айрис-пресс, 2004. – 576 с.
6. Воробйова А.В., Попович А.В., Чуба А.В., Єремєєва Є.Г., Шевельова Н.В., Денисенко О.В.,
Ляшенко У.І. Науково-методичні рекомендації «Іноземна мова (за профілем спрямування).
Моніторинг знань студентів I курсу нефілологічних спеціальностей (збірник тестових завдань)». –
Херсон: Видавництво ХДУ, 2008. – 192 с.
7. Воробйова А.В., Єремєєва Є.Г., Попович А.В. Методичні рекомендації з вивчення курсу
«Іноземна мова (за профілем спрямування)». – Херсон: Айлант, 2008. – 104 с.
8. Гонсалес-Фернандес А. и др. Испанский язык: Учебное пособие /
А.А. Гонсалес-Фернандес, Н.М. Шидловская, А.В. Дементьев. – 3-е изд., стереотипное – М.:
Высш.шк., 1999. – 320 с.
9. Голотюк О.В. Навчально-методичні рекомендації з теми „Мистецтво" для студентів ІY-Y року
навчання спеціальності 7.010103 ПМСО. Мова і література (англійська, французька) . – Херсон:
„Айлант", 2005. – 68 с.
10. Гужва Т.М. Reasons to Speak. Сучасні розмовні теми. – Х.: Торсінг Плюс, 2006. – 320 с.
2 Курс
Змістовий Модуль 6: Гроші. Обмін валюти. Покупки
Практичне заняття № 1
Тема заняття: В банку. Державна та іноземна валюта.
Banks
Most banks in the US open at 9:00 and close between 3:00 and 5:00, but stay open later on Fridays. Some
banks have longer hours in order to attract customers.
What's the best way to carry money safely while you are travelling? There are three possibilities - personal
checks from your country, traveller's checks and credit cards. Some American banks accept foreign checks such as
Euro cheques; the problem is that only banks that are used to dealing with foreigners wi l l know what Eurocheques are.
It may be more convenient to carry traveller's checks, which are insured against loss. They should be in dollars,
because only a few banks do much business in foreign currencies. If your checks are not in dollars, it may take you a
long time to find a bank that will exchange them. You can use traveller's checks almost anywhere - in restaurants,
stores or ticket offices - without having to go to a bank. If you run out of them, you can buy more at most banks. Their
service charge will vary, though, so ask what it is before you buy your checks.
Americans would say the best way to carry money is to have a major credit card like Visa, MasterCard or
American Express, Credit cards can be cancelled if they are lost or stolen. And because they are widely accepted in
the US, it is easy to use them to pay for lodging, transportation, meals and things you want to buy from larger stores.
Of course, you can't get along without cash, but you don't need to earn much with you.
Ex. l. Answer the questions
1. What are the opening hours in most banks of the USA?
2. Which bank sells traveller's cheques (B.E.)?
3. Is it a good idea to have a credit card when you travel in the USA?
4. What is the best way to carry cash?
5. What currency should traveller's cheques (B.E.) be in?
6. Is it convenient to carry them in Euro?
7. Where should you go if you want to cash a Euro cheque?
8. Can you buy traveller's cheques (B.E.) in banks?
9. What is to be done when a credit card is lost?
10. Why is it not convenient to have personal cheques from your country?
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Music
Music is an art form consisting of sound and silence. Elements of sound in music are pitch (which
governs melody and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, meter, and articulation), dynamics,
structure, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture.
The creation, performance, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and
social context. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions (and their recreation in performance),
through improvisational music to aleatoric forms. Music can be divided into genres and sub-genres, although
the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle, sometimes open to individual
interpretation, and occasionally controversial. Within "the arts", music can be classified as a performing art, a
fine art, or an auditory art form.
Music may also involve generative forms in time through the construction of patterns and combinations
of natural sonic stimuli principally sound. Music may be used for artistic or aesthetic, communicative,
entertainment, ceremonial or religious purposes, and by many composers purely as an academic instrument for
study.
The history of music predates the written word. The development of music among humans must have
taken place against the backdrop of natural sounds such as birdsong and the sounds other animals use to
communicate. Prehistoric music is the name given to all music produced in preliterate cultures.
Ex. 1. Read and translate the text. Prepare for a discussion.
Граматичний матеріал: Прийменник.
We say:
in the morning(s)
on Friday morning(s)
but
in the afternoon(s)
on Sunday afternoon(s)
on Monday evening(s) etc.
in the evening(s)
• I'll see you in the morning.
• I'll see you on Friday morning.
• Do you work in the evenings?
• Do you work on Saturday evenings?
We use at in these expressions:
at night
• I don't like going out at night.
at the weekend / at weekends • Will vou be here at the weekend?
at Christmas
• Do you give each other presents at Christmas?
at the moment / at present
• Mr Benn is busy at the moment / at present.
at the same time
• Emily and I arrived at the same time.
We say:
in the morning(s)
on Friday morning(s)
but
in the afternoon(s)
on Sunday afternoon(s)
on Monday evening(s) etc.
in the evening(s)
• I'll see you in the morning.
• I'll see you on Friday morning.
• Do you work in the evenings?
• Do you work on Saturday evenings?
Ex. 1. Put in at, on or in.
1. Mozart was born in Salzburg in 1756.
2. I haven't seen Kate for a few days. I last saw her ________ Tuesday.
3. The price of elecrriciry is going up ________ October.
4. ________ weekends, we often go for long walks in the country.
5. I've been invited to a wedding ________ 14 February.
6. Jonathan is 63. He'll be retiring from his job ________ two years' time.
7. I'm busy just now, but I'll be with you ________ a moment.
8. Jenny's brother is an engineer, but he doesn't have a job ________ the moment.
9. There are usually a lot of parties ________ New Year's Eve.
10. I don't like driving ________ night.
11. My car is being repaired at the garage. It will be ready ________ two hours.
12. The telephone and the doorbell rang ________ he same time.
13. Mary and David always go out for dinner ________ their wedding anniversary.
14. It was a short book and easy to read. I read it ________ a day.
15. ________ Saturday night I went to bed ________ midnight.
16. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived ________ 5 o'clock ________ the morning.
17. The course begins ________ 7 January and ends sometime ________ April.
18. I might not be at home ________ Tuesday morning, but I'll be there ________ the afternoon.
We use by in many expressions to say how we do something. For example, you can:
send something by post contact somebody by phone / by email / by fax
do something by hand
pay by cheque / by credit card
• Can I pay by credit card?
• You can contact me by phone, by fax or by email.
But we say pay cash or pay in cash (not by cash).
We also say by mistake / by accident / by chance:
• We hadn't arranged to meet. We met by chance.
But we say 'do something on purpose' (= you mean to do it):
• I didn't do it on purpose. It was an accident.
Note that we say by chance, by cheque etc. (not by the chance / by a cheque). In these expressions we use
by + noun without the or a.
In the same way we use by ... to say how somebody travels:
by car / by train / by plane / by boat / by ship / by bus / by bike etc.
by road / by rail / by air / by sea / by underground
• Joanne usually goes to work by bus.
• Do you prefer to travel by air or by train?
But we say on foot:
• Did you come here by car or on foot?
You cannot use by if you say my car / the train / a taxi etc. We use by + noun without 'a/the/my' etc. We
say:
by car
but
in my car (not by my car)
by train
but
on the train (not by the train)
We use in for cars and taxis:
• They didn't come in their car. They came in a taxi.
We use on for bicycles and public transport (buses, trains etc.):
• We travelled on the 6.45 train.
Ex. 1. Put in by, in or on.
1. Joanne usually goes to work by bus
2. I saw Jane this morning. She was _____ the bus.
3. How did you get here? Did you come _____ train?
4. I decided not to go _____ car. I went _____ my bike instead.
5. I didn't feel like walking home, so I came home _____ a taxi.
6. Sorry we're late. We missed the bus, so we had to come _____ foot.
7. How long does it take to cross the Atlantic _____ ship?
Ex. 2. Put in by, in, on or with.
1.Have you ever been bitten by a dog?
2.The plane was badly damaged ______ lightning.
3.We managed to put the fire out ______ a fire extinguisher.
4.Who is that man standing ______ the window?
5. These photographs were taken ______ a friend of mine.
6. I don't mind going ______ car, but I don't want to go ______ your car.
7. There was a small table ______ the bed ______ a lamp and a clock ______ it.
Домашнє завдання:
1. Опрацювати текст за професійним спрямуванням.
2. Опрацювати граматичний матеріал, виконати запропоновані вправи.
Практичне заняття № 2
Тема заняття: Відкриття рахунку в закордонному банку громадянином України
1. Translate the given words. Read and translate the dialog.
Vocabulary:
savings account
spare money
checking account
initial deposit
to maintain
average daily balance
cash withdrawal
to avoid
interest
profitable
application
Opening an Account
- Good morning.
- Good morning, sir. Can I help you?
- Yes, I think so. I would like to open an account.
- What kind of are you interested in?
- You see, I have some spare money to put into the bank.
- Then you should open either a savings or a checking account.
- I'm afraid I know nothing about either of them. Could you tell me the difference between these two
accounts?
- A small initial deposit is necessary to open a savings account at our bank. If it is more than five hundred
dollars and you maintain this amount, then you won't be charged for banking services. Otherwise you will be
charged five dollars a month.
- So, 1 must keep a minimum balance of $500, is that correct?
- Yes, that's right. Our computers check your average daily balance.
- And will I get a banking card after opening an account?
- Yes, certainly. And then you can get your money through machine services. You can make deposits, cash
withdrawals and balance inquiries with your card. The machine is at work 24 hours a day.
- Oh! It’s very convenient. And may 1 ask what a checking account means?
- Certainly, sir. After opening a checking account you are supposed to maintain an average daily balance of
$1,000.
- And what if I fall below this limit?
- Then you would have to pay a service charge of six dollars a month, and besides you wi l l be charged 25
cents for each check and the same amount for each cash withdrawal.
- Hmm, I see. And can I avoid it somehow?
- Yes, of course. It may be done by keeping your $1,000 in your checking account.
- And how much interest do you pay?
- Interest of 6,5% is paid when your average daily balance is over $2,500. We credit the interest you've earned
automatically to your account.
- Well, it's clear enough, but I intended to put only $1.000 into the account.
- Then it would be more profitable for you to open a savings account.
- Okay. I've made up my mind. I will open a savings account with a deposit of one thousand dollars.
- Fine. Will you fill out this application? (The client fills out the application)
- Is everything correct?
- Yes! Every thing is all right. And now you need to write a deposit ticket for $1,000.
- Just a moment.
- Thank you, sir. Here is your pass-book. The bank w i l l pay you 5,5% interest.
- Thank you. You were most helpful.
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Ancient Music
A range of paleolithic sites have yielded bones in which lateral holes have been pierced: these are
usually identified as flutes, blown at one end like the Japanese shakuhachi. The earliest written records of
musical expression are to be found in the Sama Veda of India and in 4,000 year old cuneiform from Ur.
Instruments, such as the seven-holed flute and various types of stringed instruments have been recovered from
the Indus valley civilization archaeological sites. India has one of the oldest musical traditions in the world—
references to Indian classical music (marga) can be found in the ancient scriptures of the Hindu tradition, the
Vedas. The traditional art or court music of China has a history stretching for more than three thousand years.
Music was an important part of cultural and social life in Ancient Greece: mixed-gender choruses performed for
entertainment, celebration and spiritual ceremonies; musicians and singers had a prominent role in ancient
Greek theater; music was part of children's basic education.
Al-Farabi wrote a notable book on music titled Kitab al-Musiqi al-Kabir ("Great Book of Music"). He
played and invented a variety of musical instruments and devised the Arab tone system of pitch organisation,
which is still used in Arabic music.
Ex. 1. Read and translate the text. Prepare for a discussion.
Граматичний матеріал: Сполучник.
Like = 'similar to', 'the same as'. You cannot use as in this way:
• What a beautiful house! It's like a palace. (not as a palace)
• 'What does Sandra do?' 'She's a teacher, like me.' (not as me)
• Be careful! The floor has been polished. It's like walking on ice. (not as walking)
• It's raining again. I hate weather like this. (not as this)
In these sentences, like is a preposition. So it is followed by a noun (like a palace), a pronoun (like me / like
this) or -ing (like walking).
You can also say '... like (somebody/something) doing something':
• 'What's that noise?' 'It sounds like a baby crying.'
Sometimes like = for example:
• Some sports, like motor-racing, can be dangerous.
You can also use such as (= for example):
• Some sports, such as motor-racing, can be dangerous.
As = in the same way as, or in the same condition as. We use as before subject + verb:
• I didn't move anything. I left everything as it was.
• You should have done it as I showed you.
Like is also possible in informal spoken English:
• I left everything like it was.
Compare as and like:
• You should have done it as I showed you. (or like I showed you)
• You should have done it like this. (not as this)
Note that we say as usual / as always:
• You're late as usual.
• As always, Nick was the first to complain.
Ex. 1. Put in like or as. Sometimes either word is possible.
1.We heard a noise like a baby crying.
2.Your English is very fluent. I wish I could speak __________ you.
3.Don't take my advice if you don't want to. You can do __________ you like.
4.You waste too much time doing things __________ sitting in cafés all day.
5.I wish I had a car __________ yours.
6.You don't need to change your clothes. You can go out __________ you are.
7.My neighbour's house is full of lots of interesting things. It's __________ a museum.
8.We saw Kevin last night. He was very cheerful, __________ always.
9.Sally has been working __________ a waitress for the last two months.
10.While we were on holiday, we spent most of our time doing energetic things __________ sailing, water
skiing and swimming.
11.You're different from the other people I know. I don't know anyone __________ you.
12.We don't need all the bedrooms in the house, so we use one of them __________ a study.
13.The news that Sue and Gary were getting married came __________ a complete surprise to me.
14. __________ her father, Catherine has a very good voice.
15.At the moment I've got a temporary job in a bookshop. It's OK __________ a temporary job, but I wouldn't
like to do it permanently.
16. __________ you can imagine, we were very tired after such a long journey.
17. This tea is awful. It tastes __________ water.
18. I think I prefer this room __________ it was, before we decorated it.
You can use as if or as though to say how somebody or something looks/sounds/feels:
• That house looks as if it's going to fall down.
• Helen sounded as if she had a cold, didn't she?
• I've just come back from holiday, but I feel very tired. I don't feel as if I've just had a holiday.
You can use as though in all these examples:
• I don't feel as though I've just had a holiday.
In informal spoken English you can also use like:
• That house looks like it's going to fall down.
Compare:
• You look tired. (look + adjective)
You look as if you haven't slept. (look as if + subject + verb)
During and while
Some more examples of while:
• We saw Clare while we were waiting for the bus.
• While you were out, there was a phone call for you.
• Chris read a book while I watched television.
When you are talking about the future, use the present (not will) after while:
• I'll be in London next week. I hope to see Tom while I'm there. (not while I will be there)
• What are you going to do while you are waiting? (not while you will be waiting)
Ex. 1. Put in for or during.
1. It rained for three days without stopping.
2. I fell asleep during thе film.
3. I went to the theatre last night. I met Sue ___________ the interval.
4. Martin hasn't lived in Britain all his life. He lived in Brazil ___________ four years.
5. Production at the factory was seriously affected ___________ the strike.
6. I felt really ill last week. I could hardly eat anything ___________ three days.
7. I waited for you ___________ half an hour and decided that you weren't coming.
8. Sarah was very angry with me. She didn't speak to me a week.
9. We usually go out at weekends, but we don't often go out ___________ the week.
10. Jack started a new job a few weeks ago. Before that he was out of work ___________ six months.
Ex. 2. Put in during or while.
1.We met a lot of interesting people while we were on holiday.
2. We met a lot of interesting people during our holiday.
3. I met Mike __________ I was shopping.
4. __________ I was on holiday, I didn't read any newspapers or watch TV.
5. __________ our stay in Paris, we visited a lot of museums and galleries.
6. The phone rang three times __________ we were having dinner.
7. The phone rang three times __________ the night.
8. I had been away for many years. __________ that time, many things had changed.
9. What did they say about me __________ I was out of the room?
10. I went out for dinner last night. Unfortunately I began to feel ill __________ the meal and had to go home.
We use until (or till) to say how long a situation continues:
Compare until and by:
Something continues until a time in the future: Something happens by a time in the future:
• David will be away until Monday.
• David will be back by Monday.
(so he'll be back on Monday)
•
I'll be working until 11.30.
(so I'll stop working at 11.30)
(= he'll be hack not later than Monday)
•
I'll have finished my work by 11.30.
(= I'll finish my work not later than 11.30.)
Ex. 1. Put in by or until.
1.Steve has gone away. He'll be away until Monday.
2.Sorry, but I must go. I have to be home ___________ 5 o'clock.
3. I've been offered a job. I haven't decided yet whether to accept it or not. I have to decide ___________
Friday.
4. I think I'll wait ___________ Thursday before making a decision.
5. It's too late to go shopping. The shops are open only ___________ 5.30. They'll be closed ___________ now.
6. I'd better pay the phone bill. It has to be paid ___________ tomorrow.
7. Don't pay the bill today. Wait ___________ tomorrow.
8. A: Have you finished redecorating your house?
B: Not yet. We hope to finish ___________ the end of the week.
9. A: I'm going out now. I'll be back at about 10.30. Will you still be here?
B: I don't think so. I'll probably have gone out ___________ then.
10. I'm moving into my new flat next week. I'm staying with a friend ___________ then.
Домашнє завдання:
1.Опрацювати текст за професійним спрямуванням.
2.Опрацювати граматичний матеріал, виконати запропоновані вправи.
Практичне заняття № 3
Тема заняття: Товари продовольчі та промислові
Vocabulary:
blouse – блуза
shade – відтінок
sleeve – рукав
fashionable – модний
expensive – дорогий
fitting room – кімната для примірок
tight – малий (за розміром), тугий
smart – гарний (мати гарний вигляд)
wide choice – широкий вибір
A: What can I do for you, miss?
B: Well, I'm looking for a blouse.
A: Oh, we have a wide choice of blouses of various shades and colours.
What colour would you prefer?
B: I'd rather have something in blue with long sleeves.
A: Here is a one. It's fashionable and not very expensive. Do you like it?
B: Hmm... Yes, I do. And where is your fitting room?
A: Right opposite you. Does it fit you well?
B: I'm afraid it's a bit tight.
A: O.K. I'll bring a bigger one. Is it all right?
B: Yes, it fits me perfectly.
А: You are looking smart. And the shade becomes you.
B: How much is it?
A: Just six pounds.
B: All right. Where do I pay?
A: You may pay here. Thank you. Come again.
Ex.1. Answer the following questions.
1. Where do you usually clothes?
2. How much does the price of the thing you want to buy influence you?
3. Do you always use fitting room while buying clothes?
4. What do you prefer to attend: supermarkets or markets?
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Medieval and Renaissance Period in Music
While musical life in Europe was undoubtedly rich in the early Medieval era, as attested by artistic
depictions of instruments, writings about music, and other records, the only European repertory which has
survived from before about 800 is the monophonic liturgical plainsong of the Roman Catholic Church, the
central tradition of which was called Gregorian chant. Several schools of liturgical polyphony flourished in the
period after about 1100. Alongside these traditions of sacred music, a vibrant tradition of secular song
developed, exemplified by the music of the troubadours, trouvères and Minnesänger.
Much of the surviving music of 14th century Europe is secular. By the middle of the 15th century,
composers and singers used a smooth polyphony for sacred musical compositions such as the mass, the motet,
and the laude, and secular forms such as the chanson and the madrigal. The introduction of commercial printing
had an immense influence on the dissemination of musical styles.
Ex. 1. Read the following text. Prepare for a discussion.
Граматичний матеріал: Сполучник.
After although we use a subject + verb:
• Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.
• I didn't get the job although I had the necessary qualifications.
Compare the meaning of although and because:
• We went out although it was raining.
• We didn't go out because it was raining.
Ex. 1. Complete the sentences with although / in spite of / because / because of.
1. Although it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holiday.
2. a _____________ all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong.
b _____________ we'd planned everything carefully, a lot of things went wrong.
3. a I went home early I was feeling unwell.
b I went to work the next day _____________ I was still feeling unwell.
4. a She only accepted the job _____________ the salary, which was very high.
b She accepted the job _____________ the salary, which was rather low.
5. a I managed to get to sleep _____________ there was a lot of noise.
b I couldn't get to sleep _____________ the noise.
Use your own ideas to complete the following sentences:
1. a He passed the exam although _____________________________.
b He passed the exam because _____________________________.
2. a I didn't eat anything although _____________________________.
b I didn't eat anything in spite of ____________________________.
Домашнє завдання:
1.Опрацювати текст за професійним спрямуванням.
2.Опрацювати граматичний матеріал, виконати запропоновані вправи.
3.Повторити граматичний матеріал, підготуватись до контрольної роботи.
Практичне заняття № 4
Тема заняття: Види крамниць та відділів
Vocabulary:
shopping – шоппінг, купування, (д.) робити покупки
daily life – щоденне життя
entertainment – розвага
department – відділ
shoes department – взуттєвий відділ
haberdashery department – відділ галантереї
perfume department – відділ парфумерії, косметики
jeweler’s – ювелірна крамниця/відділ (у великому магазині)
grocer's – бакалія
greengrocer's – овочевий та фруктовий відділ
baker's – пекарня
dairy – молочарня
supermarket – супермаркет
pile – нагромаджувати
convenient – зручний
Shopping
There are some things we have to do every day. Shopping is one of them. Shopping is a part of our daily life.
Some people hate it and find it boring. Others consider it very exciting and believe it a kind of entertainment. As for
me, I'm not a great fan of shopping. But I understand that I have to deal with it whether I like it or not. When I need
something in the way of clothes I go to the department store. There I can buy shoes, hats, knitted goods, household
goods and so on. When I want to buy clothes I go to the Ready-Made Clothes departments. They are the Men's or
Ladies' Outfitter's. Boots and shoes are sold at the Shoe department or the Footwear department to buy socks and
stockings we go to the Hosiery department. We can buy buttons, ribbons, lace, tape, thread, needles, pins,
handkerchiefs, zippers and such like at the Haberdashery department. To buy cardigans, jumpers, pullovers and
knitted underwear we go to the Knitted Goods department. Ladies buy perfume, face powder, lipstick, face
cream, nail varnish, mascara, shades and such like at the Perfume department. People buy jewellery and gold
watches at the jeweler’s. Books are sold at the bookseller's, flowers at the florist's. Newspapers and magazines are
often sold at the news-stands or news stalls. If I want to buy some meat I go to the butcher's. At the grocer's flour,
sugar, cereals, tea, coffee and other things can be bought. To buy some vegetables and fruit I go to the greengrocer's.
Bread, buns, biscuits, cookies are sold at the baker's. If I want to buy some fish I go to the fishmonger's. To buy
milk, cheese, eggs we go to the dairy. I prefer to buy food in a supermarket. It is very convenient. I can take a trolley
and pile everything I need there.
Ex. 1. Answer the following questions.
1. What do you think about TV and computer shopping? Who do you think it is good for?
2. What are, in your opinion, advantages and disadvantages of tele and computer shopping?
3. Would you personal like to shop without leaving your house? Why? Why not?
4. What goods and products would you buy using telephone and computer?
5. Do you think everything can be bought by phone and computer? If no, what goods cannot be bought in such a
way?
Граматичний матеріал: Виконання контрольної роботи.
Модуль самостійної роботи:
Пряма та непряма мова.
І. Дайте відповіді на запитання:
1. Яка мова називається прямою, а яка - непрямою? В чому відмінність?
2. Як змінюються займенники та прислівники місця і часу у непрямій мові і в яких випадках?
3. Які комунікативні типи речень можуть передаватися прямою та непрямою мовами?
4. Як саме відрізняється порядок слів питального речення в прямій та непрямій мовах та який ввідний
елемент представляє непряму мову загальних та спеціальних запитань?
5. Як перетворити непряму мову спонукальних речень? Що відбувається з заперечувальними
спонукальними реченнями? Як передається заперечення? Наведіть приклади.
ІІ. Виконайте вправи:
1. Переробіть пряму мову в непряму, враховуючи зміну займенників та форми дієслова:
Helen: I want to tell you something about my holiday in London.
Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that ________________________.
Helen: I went to London in July. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that __________________________.
Helen: My parents went with me. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that ____________________________.
Helen: We spent three days in London. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that ___________________________.
Helen: London is a multicultural place. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that _________________________.
Helen: I saw people of all colours. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that ___________________________.
Helen: Me and my parents visited the Tower.
Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that ________________________.
Helen: One evening we went to see a musical. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that _________________________.
Helen: I love London. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that _________________________.
Helen: The people are so nice there. Gareth: What does she say?
You: She says that ___________________________.
2. Оберіть правильне речення, яке утворилося при переході прямої мови в непряму:
1. Tom said, 'I want to visit my friends this weekend.'
A. Tom said he wants to visit his friends that weekend.
B. Tom said he wanted to visit his friends that weekend.
C. Tom said he wanted to visit his friends this weekend.
2. Jerry said, 'I'm studying English a lot at the moment.'
A. Jerry said he was studying English a lot at that moment.
B. Jerry said he was studying English a lot at the moment.
C. Jerry said I was studying English a lot at that moment.
3. They said, 'We've lived here for a long time.'
A. They said they have lived there for a long time.
B. They said they lived here for a long time.
C. They said they had lived there for a long time.
4. He asked me, 'Have you finished reading the newspaper?'
A. He asked me if had I finished reading the newspaper.
B. He asked me if I had finished reading the newspaper.
C. He asked me if I finished reading the newspaper
5. 'I get up every morning at seven o'clock.', Peter said.
A. Peter said he got up every morning at seven o'clock.
B. Peter said I got up every morning at seven o'clock,
C. Peter said he had got up every morning at seven o'clock.
6. Susan reassured me, 'I can come tonight.'
A. Susan told me I could come that night.
B. Susan told me she could come that night.
C. Susan told me she could come tomorrow evening.
7. She said, 'I really wish I had bought that new car.'
A. She told me she really wished she bought that new car.
B. She told me she really had wished she had bought that new car.
C. She told me she really wished she had bought that new car.
8. Jack said, 'He must be guilty!'
A. Jack said he must have been guilty.
B. Jack said he must have be guilty.
C. Jack said he must has been guilty.
9. Cheryl asked her, 'How long have you lived here?'
A. Cheryl asked her how long she has lived there.
B. Cheryl asked her how long she lived there.
C. Cheryl asked her how long she had lived there.
10. She asked me, 'When are we going to leave?'
A. She asked me when she was going to leave.
B. She asked me when we were going to leave.
C. She asked me when we are going to leave.
3. Оберіть правильну форму дієслова:
1. "Would you like to spend the weekend with us?" — They ......... her to spend the weekend with them.
(a)advised
(b)ordered
(c)invited
(d)begged
2. "Could you open the window please?" — She ......... him to open the window.
(a) reminded
(b) ordered
(c) asked
(d) warned
3. "Go to bed immediately!" - Mary's mother ......... her to go to bed immediately.
(a)advised
(b)begged
(c)asked
(d)ordered
4. "Don't forget to post the letter!" -- He ......... me to post the letter.
(a) reminded
(b) ordered
(c) begged
(d) asked
5. "Park the car behind the van." — The instructor......... him to park the car behind the van.
(a) offered
(b) told
(c) asked
(d) ordered
6. "Please, please, turn down the radio!" -- Mark's sister……..him to turn the radio down.
(a) reminded
(b) ordered
(c) asked
(d) begged
7. "Don't play with matches. They're very dangerous." — The teacher......... the children not to play with
matches.
(a) ordered
(b) asked
(c) warned
(cl) begged
8. "I'll give you a lift to the airport." - Michelle ......... to give her husband a lift to the airport.
(a) refused
(b) offered
(c) asked
(d) begged
9. "I won't lend you any more money." -- Matthew ......... to lend me any more money.
(a)offered
(b)asked
(c)refused
(d)invited
10. The teacher said to her student, "You need to study harder." - She ......... him to study harder.
(a) asked
(b)advised
(c) ordered
(d) begged
2. Скласти діалоги з теми «Обмін валюти».
3. Анотування газетної статті за фахом.
Індивідуальна робота за семестр:
1. Індивідуальне читання за фахом.
2. Словник-мінімум (за професійним спрямуванням).
Література
1. English: Тексти. Підручник. Для студентів інженерних, аграрних, медичних вищих навчальних
закладів/ Укладач Є.О.Мансі. – К: Видавничий центр «Академія», 2004. – 432 с.
2. Безуглий А.В. Розповіді з історії Великобританії. – Х.: Прапор, 1999. – 40 с.
3. Бориско Н.Ф. Бизнес- курс немецкого языка. – К.: Логос, 1998. – 420 с.
4. Буданов С.І., Борисова А.О. Ділова англійська мова. 2-ге вид. – Харків: ТОРСІНГ ПЛЮС, 2006. –
128 с.
5. Бурова З.И. Учебник английского языка для гуманитарных специальностей вузов. – 4-е изд. – М.:
Айрис-пресс, 2004. – 576 с.
6. Воробйова А.В., Попович А.В., Чуба А.В., Єремєєва Є.Г., Шевельова Н.В., Денисенко О.В.,
Ляшенко У.І. Науково-методичні рекомендації «Іноземна мова (за профілем спрямування).
Моніторинг знань студентів I курсу нефілологічних спеціальностей (збірник тестових завдань)». –
Херсон: Видавництво ХДУ, 2008. – 192 с.
7. Воробйова А.В., Єремєєва Є.Г., Попович А.В. Методичні рекомендації з вивчення курсу
«Іноземна мова (за профілем спрямування)». – Херсон: Айлант, 2008. – 104 с.
8. Гонсалес-Фернандес А. и др. Испанский язык: Учебное пособие /
А.А. Гонсалес-Фернандес, Н.М. Шидловская, А.В. Дементьев. – 3-е изд., стереотипное – М.:
Высш.шк., 1999. – 320 с.
9. Голотюк О.В. Навчально-методичні рекомендації з теми „Мистецтво" для студентів ІY-Y року
навчання спеціальності 7.010103 ПМСО. Мова і література (англійська, французька) . – Херсон:
„Айлант", 2005. – 68 с.
10. Гужва Т.М. Reasons to Speak. Сучасні розмовні теми. – Х.: Торсінг Плюс, 2006. – 320 с.